Properties of fluid

Discussion

the result of this experiment doesn’t have much difference with the theoretical value. It is close but
not to the exact amount. Factors that can cause these difference are temperatures, mass and etc.
density varies with temperature. This variation is negligible for many kinds of substance as it is
introducing to another possible source of error. Another possible cause of the error is mass. In this
laboratory session we use a scale balance that may have inaccurate value than calibrated scale.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we were able to test fluid properties and determine distinct fluid properties using
various methods as a result of the experiment. Utilizing several methods such as measuring cylinder,
eureka can, density bottle, and specific gravity using hydrometer, we were able to obtain the closest
measurement for fluid density. Because the density of water is 1kg/m3 or 1000g/m3, we received
the correct reading for the density. Several recommendations were made in this investigation,
including taking the reading multiple times to ensure accuracy and avoid getting incorrect findings.
We must also use the hydrometer with caution, ensuring that it is properly put inside the cylinder
and that it does not leak. To avoid inaccuracies caused by surface tension, we must carefully insert
the hydrometer within the cylinder and keep it from touching the sidewalls. Finally, we must take
the reading at the proper position to avoid parallax mistakes.

Reference

Lab report hydraulic- https://www.slideshare.net/yasminehaslann/lab-report-hydraulic-exp-1-

properties-of-fluid
Turbine

Discussion

From the calculation the values of actual power output are slightly lower than the values of
theoretical power output of the turbine. From this relationship, it is possible to prove that the higher
the power output of a turbine the higher the efficiency. These are function of the discharge. It is also
correct to indicate that the efficiency of the system increases with increase in the specific speed of
the Pelton wheel. This has been derived from the relationship of the values collected.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Pelton turbine design is one of the most efficient on the market. When we give the
Pelton turbine a lot of head, it functions optimally. As a result, a large amount of torque is
generated, which rotates the shaft attached to the turbine and generates electrical energy. We can
calculate the output power and efficiency of a turbine in the lab and compare it to theoretical
efficiency, and then create the actual Pelton turbine for a dam with certain modifications.

Reference

Pelton wheel lab- https://pdfcoffee.com/pelton-wheel-lab-report-3-pdf-free.html

Metacentric

Discussion

Based on experiment conducted, it is shown that the metacentric height will always kept constant
even with different angle.it can be noticed that the stability of ship depends not onlu upon the size
of GM but also upon the displacement. The lower the metacentric height the more susceptible a
floating object is to list which indicates a decrease in stability. The effects of the changes in
metacentre position is the float in unstable equilibrium. If G is above M the ship will not remain
upright. If G and M coincide the float will achieve neutral equilibrium. From this experiment, possible
sources of error were parallax error when take measurements as well as errors due to inaccurate
measuring equipment. In order to achieve a more accurate measurement, reference points are
needed on the pontoon. In addition, when measuring the centre of gravity, care must be taken to
ensure that the rig is balanced on centre of gravity calibrator only.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the stability of the floating body is dependent on the value of the metacentric height,
according to the experiment. The metacentric height must be above the gravity center in order for
the floating body to be stable. The table shows that the less stable the floating body is the lower the
metacentric height value and the larger the angles indicated. In other words, the floating body is
more stable the greater the metacentric height.

Reference

Lab report metacentric height- https://www.studocu.com/my/document/universiti-teknologi-

mara/civil-engineering/lab-week2-lvl0-metacentric-height-1/9995846