‫‪#‬ﻗﺴﻢ_ﺍﻚﻛﺨﺘﺒﺮﺍﺕ_ﺍﻚﺳﺒﻠﻢ ﻭﺒﻜﻚ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‬

‫‪Laboratory_and_Blood# Bank :‬‬

‫‪#‬ﺟﻞﺎﺮ_ﺘﻌﺪﺍﺪ_ﺍﻚﺪﻢ_ﺍﻚﻜﺎﻛﻞ‪- ( CBC#) . #Complete Blood Count‬‬
‫‪:device‬‬
‫ﺍﻚﻒﺤﻭﺻﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﻞﺎ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻥ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﺨﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻷﻭﺘﻭﻛﺎﺘﻠﻜﻡ ﻚﺤﺎﻦﺘ ﺎﻚﺘﺸﺨﻠﺱ ﺍﻚﺨﺎﺭﺟﻡ ﻚﻺﻜﺴﺎﻥ ) ‪ ( Invitro‬ﻭﺍﻚﺬﻱ ﻠﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ‬
‫ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻛﺨﺘﺒﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﺳﺒﻠﻢ ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻚﻟ ﺇﺟﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻚﻒﺤﻭﺻﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺘﺎﻚﻠﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ‪( WBC ) .‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ‪)) .RBC‬‬
‫ﻋﺪﺪ ﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﻠﻢ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪(PLT ) .‬‬
‫ﺘﺮﻙﻠﺰ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ‪( Hgb ).‬‬
‫ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺟﺴﻠﻛﻡ ﻚﻜﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ‪( MVC ).‬‬
‫ﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪( HCT).‬‬
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‫ﻠﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻹﻋﺳﺎﺀ ﺻﻭﺭﺓ ﻙﺎﻛﻠﻢ ﻚﻛﻜﻭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺪﺍﻢ ﺃﻜﺎﺒﻠﺐ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﺘﻭﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻛﺎﻜﻍ ﺍﻚﺘﺟﻠﺳ ‪ EDTA‬ﻙﺄﻑﻀﻞ ﻛﺎﻜﻍ‬
‫ﺘﺟﻠﺳ ﻚﻘﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢﻤ ﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﻛﻜﻍ ﺘﺮﺍﺱ ﻙﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﺍﻚﻛﻜﻭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﺮﻯ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺒﻌﻀﻞﺎ ﻛﻛﺎ ﻠﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺇﻋﺳﺎﺀ ﻜﺘﺎﻥﺞ ﺻﺤﻠﺤﻢ ﻤ‬
‫ﻭﻀﻛﺎﻥ ﺴﻧﻛﻢ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﻚــ ‪ C.B.C‬ﻛﻥ ﺍﻜﺴﺪﺍﺪ ﻛﺟﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺤﺎﻚﻢ ﻛﺮﻭﺭ ﻙﺘﻞ ﻛﺘﺟﻠﺳﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻛﻜﻭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻠﻌﻛﻞ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﻚــــ ‪ coulter‬ﺍﻚﺨﺎﺱ ﺒﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚـــ ‪ C.B.C‬ﻋﻠﻣ ﻋﺪ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ‬

‫(ﺍﻚﻛﻜﻭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ‪).‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻚﻒﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻛﻠﻢ ﻑﻡ ﺳﺮﻠﻘﻢ ﻋﺪ ﻛﻜﻭﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻝﻡ ﺍﺤﺘﻭﺍﺀ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺤﺟﺮﺘﻠﻥ ﺍﻷﻭﻚﻣ ﻠﻘﺎﺯ ﻑﻠﻞﺎ ﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﺪﺓ ﺘﻭﺪﻱ ﻚﺘﻜﺴﻠﺮ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺨﺮﻭﺝ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻚﺬﻱ ﻠﺘﻢ‬
‫ﻗﻠﺎﺴﻟ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﻚﻘﻠﺎﺯ ﺍﻚﻀﻭﻥﻡ ‪ spectrophotometers .‬ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﺮﺓ ﺍﻚﺜﺎﻜﻠﻢ ﺘﻘﺎﺯ ﻑﻠﻞﺎ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻜﺴﺮﺓ ﻋﺎﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ‪(CBC ) :‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﻝ ) ‪ (CBC‬ﻠﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻛﻥ ﺜﻧﺚ ﺃﻜﺴﻛﻢ ﺭﻥﻠﺴﻠﻢ ﻤ ﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻝﻠﺪﺭﻭﻚﻠﻜﻡ ) ‪ ( Hydraulic system‬ﻭﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ‪( Electrical‬‬
‫) ‪system‬‬
‫ﻭﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻀﻏﺳ ﻝﻭﺍﻥﻡ ‪ ( Pneumatic system ) .‬ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﺪﺭﻭﻚﻠﻜﻡ ﻑﻠﺘﻢ ﺃﺨﺬ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﺨﻠﺳﻞﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺒﻌﺲ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺍﺪ ﺍﻚﻜﻠﻛﻠﺎﻥﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻭﻠﺤﻠﻠﻞﺎ ﺇﻚﻣ ﻛﺮﻙﺒﺎﺘﻞﺎ ﺍﻷﺴﺎﺴﻠﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺪﻢ ﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﻛﻥ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ‪ .‬ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻚﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ﻑﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻭﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ‪ .‬ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺬﻚﻚ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﻀﻏﺳ ﻝﻭﺍﻥﻡ ﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﻭﺟﺪ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻛﻀﺨﻢ ﻝﻭﺍﺀ‬
‫ﺬﺍﺕ ﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﻀﻏﺳ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ‪ .‬ﺍﻚﻜﺘﻠﺟﻢ ﻚﻞﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻒﺤﺱ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺳﺒﺎﻋﺘﻞﺎ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻝ ﺳﺎﺒﻌﻢ ﻛﺤﺘﻭﻠﺎ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻛﺎﺕ ﺒﻠﺎﻜﻠﻢ ﻚﻠﻜﺘﺎﻥﺞ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻜﺴﺎﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺍﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﺘﺎﺒﻌﻢ ﻚﻞﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻒﺤﻭﺻﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﻠﺤﺘﻭﻱ ﻝﺬﺍ ﻦﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻛﺟﻛﻭﻋﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ ﻭﺍﻚﻜﻭﺍﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻠﺰﻢ ﻚﻌﻛﻞ ﺍﻚﻒﺤﻭﺻﺎﺕ ﻭﻝﻡ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﺨﻒﻒ ‪( Diluent) ,‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻞ ‪ ,‬ﻭ ﺍﻚﻜﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﺴﻒ ‪ ( Detergent Reagent ) ,‬ﻭ ﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺎﻠﺮﺓ ‪ ( Calibration solution ) ,‬ﻭﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺘﺒﻠﻠﺲ • ‪ ( Bleach).‬ﺍﻚﻛﺨﻒﻒ ‪ ( Diluent) :‬ﻠﺴﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺍﺴﺘﺨﺪﺍﻢ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﺨﻒﻒ ﻠﺴﻛﻣ ‪( azide- free isotonic‬‬
‫) ‪diluent‬ﻚﺘﺨﻒﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺘﺤﻭﻠﻠﻟ ﺇﻚﻣ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﻥ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺬﻚﻚ ﻠﻌﻛﻞ ﻙﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﻜﺴﻒ‬
‫ﻚﻠﺟﻞﺎﺮ • ‪.‬ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻞ ‪ (Lytic ) :‬ﻭﻠﺴﺘﺤﺴﻥ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺇﺴﺘﺨﺪﺍﻢ ﻙﺎﺸﻒ‬
‫ﻛﺤﻠﻞ ﻠﺴﻛﻣ ) ‪ ( azide-free isotonic lytic‬ﻷﻜﻟ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺒﺸﻜﻞ ﺴﺮﻠﻍ ﻭﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﺘﺤﺮﻠﺮ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ‬
‫ﺒﺸﻜﻞ ﺴﺮﻠﻍ ﺃﻠﻀﺎ ﺒﺎﻹﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻠﻘﻠﻞ ﺒﻘﺎﻠﺎ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ) ‪ (Cellular debris‬ﻚﻛﺴﺘﻭﻯ ﻛﻌﻠﻥ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﺤﺘﻣ ﻚﺘﺪﺨﻞ‬
‫ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﺒﻘﺎﻠﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻤ ﻭﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺃﻠﻀﺎ ﺒﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺻﺒﻐ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻚﻠﺻﺒﺢ ﺴﻠﺎﻜﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ‪.‬‬
‫•ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﺴﻒ ) ‪ ( Detergent Reagent‬ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ‬
 ‫ﻠﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ ﻙﺎﺸﻒ ﻛﻜﺴﻒ ﻠﺴﻛﻣ ) ‪ ( azide-free isotonic detergent‬ﻭﺍﻚﺬﻱ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺨﻠﺳﻟ ﺒﺎﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﺨﻒﻒ ﻭﺍﻚﺬﻱ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﺎﻚﺘﺨﻠﺱ‬
‫ﻛﻥ ﺒﻘﺎﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺟﻭﺪﺓ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻭﺒﺎﻷﺨﺱ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻷﻜﺎﺒﻠﺐ • ‪.‬ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺎﻠﺮﺓ ‪ )) Calibration solution‬ﺘﺴﺘﺨﺮﺝ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﺎﻚﻠﻞ‬
‫ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﺸﺮﻱ ﻭﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺃﺟﻞ ﻛﻌﺎﻠﺮﺓ ﻭﻀﺒﺳ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻗﻠﻢ ﺻﺤﻠﻢ ﻛﺴﺘﻛﺪﺓ ﻛﻥ ﺪﻢ ﺇﻜﺴﺎﻥ ﺴﻠﻠﻢ‪.‬‬
‫•ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﺘﺒﻠﻠﺲ ‪ ( Bleach ) :‬ﻠﺴﺘﺨﺪﻢ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺘﻜﺴﻠﻒ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ) ‪ (Aperture‬ﺤﺘﻣ ﺘﺘﻢ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻠﺢ ﻭﺨﺎﻚﻠﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻷﺨﺳﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻜﺴﺮﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ‪( Electric resistance detection ) :‬‬
‫ﺘﺘﻢ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺪ ﻭﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺒﺎﺇﻋﺘﻛﺎﺪ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻜﺴﺎﻢ‬
‫) ‪( Electric resistance detection‬ﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺎﺮ ﺒﺴﺤﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﻭﺘﻛﻠﺮﻝﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻛﺮﺤﻠﻢ ﻛﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻛﺟﺯ ﺨﺎﺱ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻝ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺘﺴﻛﻣ‬
‫) ‪( Aperture -transducer detection‬‬
‫ﻜﺪ ﻛﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻒﺘﺤﻢ ﺒﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﺘﻠﺎﺭ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ) ‪( DC‬‬
‫ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﺘﺪﻑﻖ ﺍﻚﺘﻠﺎﺭ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻡ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺇﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪﻠﻥ ﺨﺎﺭﺟﻡ (ﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ) ﻭﺪﺍﺨﻠﻡ ( ﺪﺍﺨﻞ ﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ) ﺒﻞﺪﻒ ﺇﻙﻛﺎﻝ ﺍﻚﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﻤ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ‬
‫ﻠﺘﻭﻚﺪ ﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﻛﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻛﻘﺎﻭﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻛﻛﺎ ﻠﺆﺪﻱ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺮﻠﺎﺪﺓ ﻑﻡ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺳﺮﻑﻡ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﻤ ﻭﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﺘﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺒﺎ ﺳﺮﺪﻠﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺎﺭﺓ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺳﺮﻑﻡ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﻭﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻠﻛﺮ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺪﻭﺍﻥﺮ ﺘﻜﺒﻠﺮ‬
‫ﻭﻑﻠﺘﺮﺓ ) ‪ ( Amplifier‬ﻚﺘﺤﻭﻝ ﺒﻌﺪ ﺬﻚﻚ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻛﻘﺮﻭﺃﺓ ﻭﺒﻌﺪﻝﺎ ﺘﺤﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻛﻠﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﺘﺤﻭﻠﻞ ﻛﻥ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺟﻠﺒﻠﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺭﻗﻛﻡ‬
‫) ‪(ADC‬ﺜﻢ ﺘﺮﺴﻞ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺪﺍﺭﺓ ﺘﻌﺪﺍﺪﻠﻢ ﻚﺘﻘﻭﻢ ﺒﻌﺪ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ‬
‫ﺒﺎﻹﻋﺘﻛﺎﺪ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻋﺪﺪ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﺮﻗﻛﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻏﺘﺟﻢ‪( Pulses).‬‬
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‫ﻛﺒﺪﺃﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻭﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺒﺎﺇﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺍﻚﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ ﻠﺘﻢ ﻋﺪﻝﺎ ﻭﻗﻠﺎﺯ ﺤﺟﻛﻞﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺳﻠﺮﻠﻖ ﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻒﺮﻖ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﻢ‬
‫ﺒﻠﻜﻞﺎ ﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﻚﻡ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﺍﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻑﺈﻥ ﺍﻚﻒﺮﻖ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﻢ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﻭﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻠﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻜﻞﺎ ﺒﻜﺒﻀﻢ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻛﻠﻢ ) ‪ (Pulse‬ﻠﺘﻢ ﻗﻠﺎﺴﻞﺎ ﻭﻛﻘﺎﺭﻜﺘﻞﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺨﺮﻯ ﻚﺘﺘﻢ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻭﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ‪.‬ﻭﻝﻜﺎ ﻜﻭﻀﺢ ﺍﻚﺨﺳﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻛﺮ ﺒﻞﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ‪:‬‬
‫•ﻠﺘﻢ ﺴﺤﺐ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﻠﻡ ﺘﻛﻠﺮ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﺍﻚﺘﻠﺎﺭ ﺍﻚﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﺍﻚﻛﺘﺪﻑﻖ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﺍﻚﺨﺎﺭﺟﻡ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺍﻚﺪﺍﺨﻠﻡ‪.‬‬
‫•ﻋﻜﺪ ﻛﺮﻭﺭ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺨﻧﻝ ﺍﻚﺜﻘﺐ ﻑﺈﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﻘﺎﻭﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﺒﻠﻥ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪﻠﻥ ﺴﻭﻒ ﺘﺰﺪﺍﺪ ﻛﻛﺎ ﻠﻭﻚﺪ ﺮﻠﺎﺪﺓ ﺟﻞﺪ ﺳﺮﻑﻡ ﺍﻹﻚﻜﺘﺮﻭﺪ ﻭﺍﻚﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻠﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ‬
‫ﺳﺮﺪﻱ ﻛﻍ ﺍﻚﻛﻘﺎﻭﻛﻢ‪ .‬ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﻠﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺳﺮﺪﻱ ﻛﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻛﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻑﺮﻖ ﺍﻚﺟﻞﺪ ﺍﻚﺻﻏﻠﺮ‬
‫(ﻙﻘﻠﻛﻢ ) ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﻜﺒﻠﺮﻩ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﺘﻜﺒﻠﺮ ﻤﻭﻠﺘﻀﻛﻥ‬
‫ﺬﻚﻚ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺘﺸﻭﻠﺰ ﻎﻠﺮ ﻛﻜﺳﻘﻠﻢ ﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻋﻥ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ ﻑﻘﺎﻗﻠﻍ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻞﻭﺍﺀ ) ‪ ( Air bubbles‬ﻠﺘﻢ ﺍﻚﺨﻠﺱ ﻛﻜﻞﺎ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻝ ﺪﻭﺍﻥﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻒﻠﺘﺮﺓ ﻙﻛﺎ ﻭﻀﺤﻜﺎﻝﺎ ﺴﺎﺒﻘﺎ‪.‬‬
‫•ﻠﻌﺘﻛﺪ ﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﻚﻡ ( ﺍﻚﻛﺘﺟﺎﻜﺯ ﻛﻍ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ) ﻋﻠﻣ ﺍﻚﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺪﺭﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓﻭﺍﻚﻀﻏﺳ ﺍﻹﺴﻛﺰﻱ ﻤ ﻭﻚﻜﻥ ﻝﺬﺍ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺮﻚﻡ ﻠﺻﻜﻍ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺃﻥ ﻠﻜﻭﻥ ﺬﺍﺕ ﻀﻏﺳ ﺇﺴﻛﺰﻱ ﺜﺎﺒﺕ ﻤ ﻭﻚﻜﻥ ﺒﺎﻚﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻚﻠﺘﻏﻠﺮ ﻑﻡ ﺪﺭﺟﻢ ﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻑﻞﻜﺎﻚﻚ ﻛﺮﺍﻗﺒﻢ‬
‫ﻚﺪﺭﺟﻢ ﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﻋﻥ ﺳﺮﻠﻖ ﻛﺟﺯ ﺤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻭﻀﻭﺵ ﻋﻜﺪ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ) ‪ (Aperture‬ﻭﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﻧﺤﺴ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻋﻜﺪ ﺮﻠﺎﺪﺓ ﺪﺭﺟﻢ‬
‫ﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻭﻝ ﺴﻭﻒ ﺘﺰﺪﺍﺪ ﻛﻭﺻﻠﻠﺘﻟ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻠﺆﺪﻱ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﻜﺸﺎﺀ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﺻﻏﻠﺮﺓ ﺍﻚﻘﻠﻛﻢ‪.‬‬
‫•ﻙﻞ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻜﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﻭﻎﻠﺮﻝﺎ ﻛﺨﺘﻠﻒﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﻚﻜﻒﺯ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺵﻛﻥ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺪﻢ ﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺃﻭ ﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺪﻛﻭﻠﻢ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ‬
‫ﺴﻭﻒ ﻠﻌﺪﺍﻚﻜﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﻛﻥ ﻜﻒﺯ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺵ ﺍﻚﻭﺍﻗﻌﻢ ﻑﻡ ﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﻛﻌﻠﻥ ﻭﻛﺤﺪﺪ ﻛﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻚﻛﺒﺮﻛﺞﻭﻠﻞﻛﻞ ﺍﻚﺒﻘﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻏﻠﺮ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻢ ﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻛﺟﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
 ‫( •ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻠﻢ ) ‪ :‬ﻠﺘﻢ ﺴﺤﺐ ‪ µL 12‬ﻛﻥ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢﺍﻚﻜﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺘﺨﻒﻒ ﺒﻜﺴﺒﻢ ‪ 052:1‬ﻛﺴﺘﺨﺪﻛﺎ ﻛﺤﻠﻞ ﺨﺎﺱ ﻠﻘﻭﻢ‬
‫ﺒﺘﺤﻠﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻎﺸﺎﺀ ﻙﺮﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻀﺎﺀ ﻛﺒﻘﻠﺎ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺃﻜﻭﻠﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻚﻠﺘﻢ ﻋﺪﻝﺎ ‪ .‬ﺇﻥ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻋﺪﺪ‬
‫ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﺘﺘﻢ ﺒﻌﺪ ﺃﻜﻭﻠﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﻀﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﺪﺪ ﺃﻱ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻋﻜﺪﻛﺎ‬
‫ﺘﻜﻭﻥ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻭﺍﺓ ﺃﻙﺒﺮ ﻛﻥ ‪ FL 36‬ﺘﻌﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﻢ ﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﺤﺪﺓﻭﺇﺬﺍ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻛﻜﻞﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻘﻠﻛﻢ ﻑﺈﻜﻞﺎ ﺘﻞﻛﻞ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻑﺈﻥ ﺍﻚﻘﺮﻠﺮ ﺍﻚﻜﻞﺎﻥﻡ ﺴﻭﻒ‬
‫ﻠﺴﻞﺮ ﺤﻠﺚ ﺘﺪﻝ ‪ n‬ﻋﻠﻣ ﻋﺪﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺒﻠﻀﺎﺀ ﻚﻜﻞ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪.‬‬

‫"ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ‪ ":‬ﻠﺘﻢ ﺴﺤﺐ ‪ µL 4‬ﻛﻥ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺘﺨﻒﻒ ﺒﻜﺴﺒﻢ ‪ 111052:1‬ﻤ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ‬
‫ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻚﻘﺒﻠﻢ ﻚﻠﻌﺪ ﺒﺎﺴﺘﺨﺪﺍﻢ ﻛﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﻠﺤﺪﺪ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻣ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻝﻡ ﻙﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻠﺟﺐ‬
‫ﺃﻥ ﻠﻘﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﺮﻠﻢﻑﻡ ﻝﺬﺍ ﺍﻚﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﻑﺈﻥ ﻚﻢ ﺘﻘﻍ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺇﻝﻛﺎﻚﻞﺎ ﻤ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﻜﻞﺎﻠﻢ ﻠﺴﻞﺮ ﺒﺎﻚﺘﻘﺮﻠﺮ ﻭﻝﺬﺍ ﻠﻌﻜﻡ ﻭﺟﻭﺪ ‪ n‬ﻛﻥ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﻙﻞ ﻛﻥ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ‪.‬ﺃﻛﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﻋﺪ ﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ ﻠﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺪﻗﻢ ﻛﺘﻜﺎﻝﻠﻢ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻜﻟ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﻛﺟﺎﻝ ﺤﺟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺻﻒﻠﺤﻢ ﺍﻚﻘﺎﺒﻠﻢ ﻚﻠﻌﺪ ﺃﺘﻭﻛﺎﺘﻠﻜﻠﺎ ﺒﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺘﺘﺮﺍﻭﺡ ﺃﻗﻞ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﺒﻠﻥ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻣ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻛﺎﺒﻠﻥ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﻜﻞﺎﻠﻢ ﻠﺴﻞﺮ ﺘﻘﺮﻠﺮ ﺤﻠﺚ ‪ n‬ﺘﻛﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺪ ﺍﻚﺻﻒﺎﻥﺢ‬
‫ﻚﻜﻞ ‪µL1‬ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪.‬‬
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‫ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺐ ‪ HCT‬ﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻟ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﻥﻠﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻋﻠﻣ ﻜﺒﻀﻢ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻛﺮﻭﺭ ﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﺪﻢ ﺨﻧﻝ ﻑﻭﻝﻢ ﺍﻚﻌﺪ ﻭﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺒﺎ ﺳﺮﺪﻠﺎ ﻛﻍ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺘﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺨﻠﻠﻢ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻑﺈﻥ ﻛﺟﻛﻭﺵ ﺍﻚﻜﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﻠﻛﺜﻞ ﻋﺪﺪ ﺍﻚﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﻑﻡ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﺒﺎﻚﺘﺎﻚﻡ ﻜﻌﺮﻒ ﻛﻥ ﺨﻧﻚﻞﺎ ﻛﺟﻛﻭﺵ ﺤﺟﻢ ﺨﻧﻠﺎ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ‪,‬‬
‫ﻭﻛﻜﻞﺎ ﻜﺴﺘﺳﻠﻍ ﺤﺴﺎﺐ‪HCT‬‬
‫ﻋﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪( Hgb ) :‬‬
‫ﺒﻌﺪ ﺇﻀﺎﻑﻢ ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺸﻒ ﺍﻚﻛﺤﻞ ﺇﻚﻣ ﻋﻠﻜﻢ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻑﺈﻜﻟ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﺤﻠﻞ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭ ﻛﺒﻘﻠﺎ ﻋﻠﻣ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻭﻋﻜﺪﻝﺎ ﻠﺘﺤﻭﻝ ﻋﻜﺻﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻚﺤﺪﻠﺪ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻛﻥ ) ‪ (Ferrous‬ﺇﻚﻣ ) ‪ ( Ferric‬ﻚﻠﻜﺘﺞ ﺴﻠﺎﻜﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ‪(HicN ) .‬‬
‫ﻠﺘﻢ ﺘﻌﺮﻠﺲ ﺍﻚﻛﺮﻙﺐ ﻚﺤﺰﻛﻢ ﻀﻭﻥﻠﻢ ﻛﻒﻠﺘﺮﺓ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﺮﺟﺎﺝ ﻛﻒﻠﺘﺮ ﺬﺍﺕ ﺳﻭﻝ ﻛﻭﺟﻡ ‪nm :01‬ﻛﺻﺪﺭﻩ ﻛﺻﺒﺎﺡ ﺘﻜﺟﺴﺘﻭﻥ ﻤ ﺜﻢ ﻠﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺘﺤﻭﻠﻞ ﺍﻚﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﻌﻜﺯ ﻋﻥ ﺴﻠﺎﻜﻠﺪ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﺇﻚﻣ ﺇﺸﺎﺭﺓ ﻙﻞﺮﺒﺎﻥﻠﻢ ﺒﻭﺍﺴﺳﻢ ﻛﺎﻠﺴﻛﻣ ) ‪ ( Photo detector‬ﺤﻠﺚ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺸﺎﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻜﺎﺘﺟﻢ ﺘﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺘﻜﺎﺴﺐ ﺳﺮﺪﻱ ﻛﻍ ﻙﺜﺎﻑﻢ ﺍﻚﻀﻭﺀ ﺍﻚﻛﻜﻌﻜﺯ ﻑﻡ ﻜﻒﺯ ﺍﻚﻭﻗﺕ ﻠﺘﻢ ﺇﺴﻘﺎﺳ ﺤﺰﻛﻢ ﻀﻭﻥﻠﻢ ﺃﺨﺮﻯ ﻋﻠﻣ ﻛﺎﻠﺴﻛﻣ ‪( Blank‬‬
‫) ‪Reagent‬ﻭﺍﻚﺘﻡ ﺘﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻛﺮﺟﻌﻠﻢ ﻚﻘﻠﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﺰﻛﻢ ﺍﻚﻛﻛﺘﺻﻢ ﻛﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻚﻌﻠﻜﻢ ﻭﺍﻚﻠﺘﺎﻥ ﻠﺘﻢ ﻛﻘﺎﺭﻜﺘﻞﻛﺎ ﻋﻥ ﺳﺮﻠﻖ ﺪﺍﻥﺮﺓ ﻛﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﻤ ﻭﻑﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺎﺪﻚﻢ ﺍﻚﺘﺎﻚﻠﻢ‪:‬‬
‫‪Sample Absorbance – Blank Absorbance =Hgb .Absorbance‬‬
‫ﺃﻛﺎ ﺍﻚﻭﺤﺪﺓ ﺍﻚﻛﺴﺘﺨﺪﻛﻢ ﻑﻞﻡ ‪ g/dL.‬ﻛﻧﺤﺴﻢ ‪ :‬ﻙﻞ ﻝﺬﻩ ﺍﻚﻌﻛﻠﻠﻢ ﺘﺘﻢ ﻑﻡ ﺤﺟﺮﺓ ﺘﺴﻛﻣ‪( Hgb flow cell).‬‬
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‫ﻛﻌﺎﺪﻦﺕ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ‪:‬‬
‫•ﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻚﺤﺟﻢ ﺍﻚﺟﺴﻠﻛﻡ‪( MCV ) :‬‬
‫ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻟ ﺒﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ‪( HCT ) -:‬‬
‫•ﺍﻚﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﺍﻚﺟﺴﻠﻛﻡ ﻚﻠﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ‪ ( MCH ) :‬ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻞﺎ ﺒﺤﺴﺎﺐ ﻗﻠﻛﻢ ﻋﺪﺪ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ‪.‬‬
‫•ﻛﻌﺪﻝ ﺘﺮﻙﻠﺰ ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ‪ ( MCHC ) :‬ﻭﻠﺘﻢ ﺤﺴﺎﺒﻞﺎ ﻛﻥ ﻜﺴﺒﻢ ﻙﺮﻠﺎﺕ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﺍﻚﺤﻛﺮﺍﺀ ﻑﻡ ﺍﻚﺪﻢ ﻭﻜﺴﺒﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻚﻞﻠﻛﻭﺟﻠﻭﺒﻠﻥ‬