Solution Exercises – Chapter 2 part .

Lecturer: Audrey Dalmasso audrey.dalmasso@skema.edu

II. Differentiation Rules
II.1. Constant Function Rule
II.2. Constant Multiple Rule
II.3. Power Rules

Exercise 1. Basic derivatives (1)

Find the indicated derivatives.
Hints: Identify the function. Rewrite it if it is necessary. Then, differentiate and simplify.
a) f(x) = 7 f '(x) = 0

b) f(x) = 7x f '(x) = 7

c) f(x) = x7 f '(x) = 7x6

7
d) f(x) = = 7x-1 f '(x) = -7x-2 because f '(x) = 7(-1)x-1-1
𝑥

−7
e) f(x) = = -7x-2 f '(x) = 14x-3 because f '(x) = -7(-2)x-2-1
𝑥²

f) f(w) = 0.4w7 f '(w) = 2.8w6 because f '(w) = 0.4(7)w7-1

Exercise 2. Basic derivatives (2)

Function Rewrite Differentiate Simplify
2 2 2 −8 −8
1. y = 4 y = 𝑥 −4 y' = (−4)𝑥 −4−1 y' = 𝑥 −5 =
7𝑥 7 7 7 7𝑥 5
1 1 −3 1 −3 −3
2. y = y = 𝑥 y' = (−3)𝑥 −3−1 y' = 𝑥 −4 =
(4𝑥)3 64 64 64 64𝑥 4
4𝑥
3. y = −3 y = 4𝑥(𝑥 3 ) = 4𝑥 4 y' = 4(4)𝑥 4−1 y' = 16𝑥 3
𝑥
4
4. y = −5 y = 128𝑥 5 y' = 128(5)𝑥 5−1 y' = 640𝑥 4
(2𝑥)
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 −2𝜋 −2𝜋
5. y = 2 y = x-2 y' = (−2)x-2-1 y' = 𝑥 −3 =
(3𝑥) 9 9 9 9𝑥 3

1 −3
6. y = y = x-3 y' = -3x-3-1 y' = −3𝑥 −4 =
𝑥3 𝑥4
2 2 -2 −4 −4
7. y = y= x
2
y' = 3 (−2)x -2-1 y' = 𝑥 −3 =
3𝑥 2 3 3 3𝑥 3
√𝑥 1 −1 -1/2-1 −1 −1
−3/2
8. y = y = 𝑥 𝑥 −1 = 𝑥 −1/2
2 y' = x y' = 𝑥 =
𝑥 2 2 2𝑥 3/2

1
Exercise 3. Basic derivatives (3)
Function Rewrite Differentiate Simplify
1
1 −1 3
1. y = 6√𝑥 y = 6𝑥 1/2 y' = 6( ) 𝑥 2 y' = 3𝑥 −1/2 =
2 𝑥 1/2

3
3 3 3 3 9 −9
2. y = 4 y = 𝑥 −3/4 y' = (− ) 𝑥 −4−1 y' =− 𝑥 −7/4 = 7/4
2 √𝑥 3 2 2 4 8 8𝑥

−1
1 1 −1/5 1 −1 −1 −1 −1
3. y = 5 y= 𝑥 y' = ( ) 𝑥 5 y' = 𝑥 −6/5 =
5 √𝑥 5 5 5 25 25𝑥 6/5
2 −1
3 2 −1 2
4. y = √6𝑥 2 y = 61/3 𝑥 2/3 y' = 61/3 ( ) 𝑥 3 y' = 61/3 ( ) 𝑥 3
3 3

II.4. Sum and Difference Rules

Exercise 4. Sum and difference rules
Find the indicated derivatives.
Use the constant rule and the sum/difference rules to find the derivative of f(x).

a) f(x) = 2x - 5 f ' (x) = 2

b) f(x) = -5x2 + 2 f ' (x) = -5(2)x + 0 = -10x

c) f(x) = 3x4 - 5x3 + 2x - 1 f ' (x) = 3(4)x3 - 5(3)x² + 2 = 12x3 - 15x² + 2

5 𝑥4 𝑥4 1
d)
f(x) = 3
+ = 5x-3 + f ' (x) = 5(-3)x-3-1 + (4)x4-1 = -15x-4 + 2x3
𝑥 2 2 2

2 1 5
e) f(x) = 3x2/3 + 5√𝑥 = 3x2/3 +5x1/2 f ' (x) = 3(
3
)x2/3-1+5(2)x1/2-1 = 2x-1/3 +2x-1/2

1 1 −1 -1/3-1 −1 - 4/3
f) f(x) = 3 +2= + 2 =𝑥 −1/3 + 2 f ' (x) = x = x
√𝑥 𝑥 1/3 3 3

10 10 −1 −3
g) f(t) = 5 −t -3/2 = − t -3/2 f ' (t) = 10 ( 5 ) t -1/5-1− ( ) t -3/2-1
√𝑡 𝑡1/5 2
3
= 10t -1/5 − t -3/2 = -2t -6/5 + t -5/2
2

2
Exercise 5. Second power rule
Indicate the value of n and the expressions of u and u'. Find the indicated derivatives. Complete the
following table. Factorize and simplify when it is possible.
Function f(x) n u u' Derivative f '(x)
𝑢𝑛 𝑑
(𝑢𝑛 )= 𝑛𝑢′𝑢𝑛−1
𝑑𝑥
3
1 2 4 1 15𝑥 2 − 𝑥 3
(5𝑥 − 𝑥 ) 4 5𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 = 𝑥(15𝑥 − 1) 1
4 𝑥(15𝑥 − 1) (5𝑥 3 − 2 𝑥 2 )
2 2
√8𝑥 3 + 5 1 1
1 24𝑥 2 (8𝑥 3 + 5)2−1
1
8𝑥 3 + 5 24𝑥 2 2
= (8𝑥 3 + 5)2 2 1
= 12𝑥 2 (8𝑥 3 + 5)−2
−3 3 4
3 4 3𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 −4
−3
( 𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 𝑥) -3 𝑥 + 3𝑥 −3 3 −4

4 4 −3(3𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 −4 + 1) ( 𝑥 4 + 3𝑥 −3 + 𝑥)
+1 4
+𝑥
1
5 −1
√10𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 15 5(4𝑥 + 1)(10𝑥 2 + 5𝑥
−1 10𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 20𝑥 + 5 5
1
2
=(10𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 5 + 15 = 5(4𝑥 + 1) + 15)−5−1
6
15)−1/5 = −(4𝑥 + 1)(10𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 15)−5