MATH 018 DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS

Trigonometric Identities Prepared by: Dr. Jeffrey G. Capacite

TRIGONOMETRIC IDENTITIES

Reciprocal Identities Pythagorean Identities

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sinu = cscu = si n2 u + cos2 u = 1
cscu sinu
1 + t an2 u = sec 2 u
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cosu = secu = 1 + cot 2 u = csc 2 u
secu cosu

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tanu = cot u =
cot u tanu

Quotient Identities Double Angle Formulas

sinu cosu 2tanu

tanu = cot u = sin(2u) = 2sinu  cosu tan(2u) =
cosu sinu 1 − tan2 u
cos(2u) = cos2 u − si n2 u
cos(2u) = 2cos 2 u − 1
cos(2u) = 1 − 2si n2 u

Sum & Difference Formulas Parity Identities (Even & Odd)

sin(u  v) = sinu  cosv  cosu  sinv sin( −u) = − sinu cos( −u) = cosu

cos(u  v) = cosu  cosv sinu  sinv tan( −u) = − tanu cot( −u) = − cot u

t anu  t anv
t an(u  v) = csc( −u) = − cscu sec( −u) = secu
1 t anu  t anv

Co-Function Identities Power-Reducing/Half Angle Formulas

    1 − cos(2u)
si n  − u  = cosu csc  − u  = sec u sin2 u =
2  2  2

    1 + cos(2u)
cos  − u  = si nu sec  − u  = csc u cos2 u =
2  2  2

    1 − cos(2u)
t an  − u  = cot u cot  − u  = t anu tan2 u =
2  2  1 + cos(2u)

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 MATH 018 DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS
Trigonometric Identities Prepared by: Dr. Jeffrey G. Capacite

Sum-to-Product Formulas Product-to-Sum Formulas

 u+ v   u−v  1
si nu + si nv = 2si n    cos   sinu  sinv = cos ( u − v ) − cos (u + v )
 2   2  2
 u+ v   u−v  1
si nu − si nv = 2cos    si n   cosu  cosv = cos (u − v ) + cos (u + v )
 2   2  2
 u+ v   u−v  1
cosu + cos v = 2cos    cos   sinu  cosv = sin (u + v ) + sin (u − v )
 2   2  2
 u+ v   u−v  1
cosu − cos v = − 2si n    si n   cosu  sinv = sin (u + v ) − sin (u − v )
 2   2  2

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