ASSIGNMENT – 2

According to government statistics from Delhi, unvaccinated people accounted

for 70 of the 97 COVID deaths.

As per Delhi government data, unvaccinated persons accounted for nearly three-fourths of the
97 COVID-related deaths in the Capital between January 9 and 12.

Seventy of the 97 persons who died were unvaccinated, and 19 had only received one dosage
of the vaccine, while just eight had received both doses.

According to experts, many people in hospitals who are on ventilator or oxygen support are
also not fully vaccinated.

"Vaccination will not protect you against contracting or transferring the infection, but it will
protect individuals from major disease or death caused by COVID-19." "As a result,
everyone should be vaccinated," stated Dr. Nandini Sharma, Director Professor (Community
Medicine Department) at Maulana Azad Medical College.

In contrast to the second wave, she noted, the hospital is not witnessing fatalities of people
who did not have any pre-existing health concerns. According to her, the majority of
individuals who are dying currently have comorbidities.

"Cases in Mumbai have most likely peaked." Cases in Delhi are expected to decline in the
next two weeks, with the peak occurring even earlier. "Because this wave has a weaker
illness and recovers faster than the second wave, the wave will likewise ebb faster," she
explained.

CORONA VIRUS 3RD WAVE – PREVENTIVE MEASURES

As India confronts the new coronavirus illness in its violent second wave, incidences are on
the decline in several states across the country. But are we truly secure? Is a third COVID-19
wave on the way? Yes, according to the experts. If the inhabitants of the country do not
maintain and follow the pandemic's safety standards, the country may face another
catastrophic wave of viral infection. An epidemiologist from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg
School of Public Health, on the other hand, has outlined some of the critical actions that we
can take to avoid or at least mitigate the effects of the third wave. 

Four Crucial Elements

According to specialists, four factors can have a significant impact on the fundamental
reproductive ratio of the projected third wave of coronavirus:

1. The infection's timing and duration.

2. Mass gatherings may result in a large-scale transmission of the viral infection.
3. The likelihood of a COVID-19 infection being transmitted.
4. The population's susceptibility to viral infection.

How to Prevent the Third COVID-19 Wave?

According to the expert, these are the four primary elements that will play a significant
impact in the severity of the third wave of coronavirus. However, the challenge today is how
to prevent or avert another COVID-19 wave when the country is still reeling from the second
wave. Here are some of the most critical measures that every one of us may take:

Maintain your vigilance. Keep your masks on and use double masking to protect yourself.
Wear a cotton mask first, followed by a surgical mask. This twofold masking has been shown
to be efficient in preventing viral infection.

MEASURES:

i. Maintain your social distance. Avoid going out into the masses. Unless absolutely
necessary, avoid going out.
ii. Maintain social distance even when you're indoors. Also, keep your masks on
when you're inside. This is a viral attack that has spread across the air.
iii. It is believed that ventilation is required. Ascertain that your living environment is
adequately ventilated. Keep the windows open to allow for enough airflow.
iv. Maintain a clean set of hands. Do not contact your eyes, nose, or mouth unless
you have washed your hands with soap and water. You should also have an
alcohol-based hand sanitizer on hand.
v. The cardinal vaccination for COVID is proper behaviour.
 vi. Don’t let your masks slip from its place on face.

DISRUPTIONS IN THE HEALTHCARE SUPPLY CHAIN:

The cardinal vaccination against COVID is proper behaviour. The coronavirus has already
wreaked havoc on global markets, causing a scarcity of hand sanitizers, counterfeiting of face
masks, and several other disruptions in supply chain channels. Disruptions in the healthcare
supply chain have had a substantial influence on the sourcing, procurement, and management
of critical medical equipment stocks. China is a key provider of a wide range of healthcare
commodities, including pharmaceutical APIs and medical device components. However,
because China is the hub of the epidemic, the healthcare system is vulnerable to COVID-19.
Healthcare facilities have begun hoarding accessible goods in response to supply chain
problems. Unrestricted purchasing places additional financial strain on the healthcare
industry, which is already dealing with difficulties such as procurement inefficiencies and
waste. This has also resulted in a reduction in the quality of care. Several cases of sanitizer
and face mask counterfeiting have been reported in poor nations, potentially harming the
healthcare sector as a whole.

In this dire situation of COVID-19, 121 arrests were made globally with the seizure of
potentially dangerous pharmaceutical products worth USD 14 million as part of Operation
Pangea XIII, in which 90 countries' health regulatory authorities, customs, and police were
involved against the illicit online sales of medical products and medicines.
COVID-19's Potential Impact on the Pharma and Biotech Industries:

 Potential supply chain interruptions as the United States ceases to supervise the
supply chain
 Critical medical goods are in short supply.
 Delays in the production and import of APIs and excipients
 Medical institutions under distress due to a shortage of workers
 The readiness of the FDA in the United States to become more flexible for priority
pharmaceuticals
 Import of medical equipment from China
 Delays in possible drug applications
 Product marketing are restricted.

IMPACTS OF COVID-19 ON TRANSPORTATION

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has reduced travel by ground, air, and water. Major carriers
have witnessed the most severe cutbacks, rather than low-cost and regional flights. The larger
ships had the greatest infection rates, and ship operation schedules and itineraries also had an
impact on infection rates. The nature and breadth of the rebound or return to normalcy for air
travel and public transportation will be critical.

Long-term impacts for transportation companies

 Transport companies must guarantee that transportation networks remain operational

throughout the lockdown measures, establishing a balance between decreased
operations and giving adequate capacity for important staff to conduct social
separation.
 In light of decreasing revenue, longer-term investment initiatives may need to be re-
planned and re-prioritized.
 Organizations must prepare for important personnel availability to guarantee that
workers with critical skills and training are accessible during the COVID-19
pandemic to keep networks working.
  When lockdowns are removed, commuting and travel patterns may not return to their
pre-lockdown form.

IMPACT OF COVID – 19 ON EDUCATION:

COVID-19 has transformed schooling for students of all ages. Preliminary statistics forecast
educational losses at several levels and confirm the increased anxiety and despair linked with
the changes, but long-term repercussions are not yet known. Oversight groups have
immediately provided guidance on the safety and efficacy of new educational delivery
modes. It is unsurprising that socioeconomic and special education inequalities have grown.
The medical industry and other professions that educate through gradually graduated
internships have also been adversely impacted, necessitating substantial reforms.

• Virtual learning has become a norm during COVID-19.

• Children requiring special learning services, those living in poverty, and those
speaking English as a second language have lost more from the pandemic educational
changes.

• For children with attention deficit disorder and no comorbidities, virtual learning has
sometimes been advantageous.

• Math learning scores are more likely to be affected than language arts scores by
pandemic changes.

• School meals, access to friends, and organized activities have also been lost with the
closing of in-person school.

• Learners and educators at all levels of education have been affected by COVID-19
restrictions with rapid adaptations to virtual learning platforms.

• The impact of COVID-19 on learners is not evenly distributed and children of racial
minorities, those who live in poverty, those requiring special education, and children
who speak English as a second language are more negatively affected by the need for
remote learning.
 • Math scores are more impacted than language arts scores by previous school
closures and thus far by these shutdowns for COVID-19.

• Anxiety and depression have increased in children and particularly in adolescents as

a result of COVID-19 itself and as a consequence of school changes.

• Paediatricians should regularly screen for unmet needs in their patients during the
pandemic, such as food insecurity with the loss of school meals, an inability to adapt
to remote learning and increased computer time, and heightened anxiety and
depression as results of school changes.

COVID-19 PANDEMIC: IMPACT OF CORONAVIRUS ON INDIAN

ECONOMY

1. GDP growth rate is expected to decrease.

2. Investor confidence has taken a hit, and market investments are declining.

3. Businesses face an uncertain future.

4. There will be a mismatch in demand and supply.

5. NPAs with banks are expected to rise.

The economic consequences of this unusual occurrence will most likely vary depending on
the decisions made at each stage of development. The teetering economy appears to be reliant
on government handouts to keep it afloat. Economic experts have suggested reducing the
budget deficit and allocating funding to the important healthcare sector. However, given the
current scenario, India may require a more comprehensive and strong strategy that includes
rate cuts and reliefs in order to ride out the wave of the approaching economic disaster.