Learning Area TLE-Agricultural Crop Production Grade Level 10

W5 Quarter Fourth Date

I. LESSON TITLE Preparation of tools, materials and equipment in rice milling
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Prepare materials, tools and equipment for rice milling activity following material
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) and equipment handling procedures.
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Tools, materials and equipment in rice milling
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
I. Introduction (Time Frame: 15 minutes)
In the previous lesson, you have learned that "cleaning" means the phase or phases of the post-harvest system during
which the impurities mixed with the grain mass are eliminated.

This operation, which includes sorting the products according to quality, is indispensable before storage, marketing or
further processing of the products. A clean grain has a higher value than a grain that is contaminated with straw, chaff,
weed seeds, soil, rubbish, and other non-grain materials. Before proceeding to the next phase of post harvesting which is the
rice milling, you must take into consideration the needed information in doing such procedure.

This lesson is designed to familiarize you with the different materials, tools and equipment used in rice milling activity.
Through this lesson, you will also understand the importance of preparing those tools, materials and equipment ahead of time
as well as the uses of each item.
D. Development (Time Frame: 1 hour and 15 minutes)

Milling is one of the thriving rice related business. Rice milling is the removal of hulls and bran from rice grains to produce
polished or white rice ready for human consumption. The rice bran is a very important ingredient in feed formulation for
animal production. The farmers utilize it as a direct feed to their farm animals. The rice hull is also used as a good substitute for
firewood in cooking.
A rice milling system can either be simple, two-steps, or multi stage-process. In a one-step milling process, husk and bran
removal is done in one pass and milled or white rice is produced directly out of paddy. In a two-step process, removing the
husk and bran is done separately, and brown rice is produced as an intermediate product.nIn multistage milling, rice will
undergo a number of different processing steps.
Rice milling systems can be classified in two categories: (1) village rice mills and (2) commercial mills, depending on
whether the paddy is milled in the village for local consumption or the market.

Village level rice mills

Village-type rice mills can be found in rural communities and are used for service milling paddy of farmers for home
consumption.

Traditional milling
Hand pounding of paddy in a mortar with a pestle is the traditional milling
process in remote villages. Pounding the paddy induces upward and
downward forces on grain against grain that removes the husk and bran
layers. The pounding also breaks up fissured grain. The final cleaning is by
winnowing in a woven bamboo tray. The winnowing process to separate
unmilled paddy grain is an art.

Photo source: agefotostock.com

Single pass, single stage mill
The single pass rice mill is an adaptation of the "Engleberg" coffee
huller from the United States, modified for milling rice. In earlier days this
type of rice mill was very popular in most rice-growing countries. It is still the
mainstay technology for milling parboiled paddy in Bangladesh, and in
many African countries. The "iron hullers", or "single pass mills" which all refer
to the same mill are notorious for breaking the paddy grain. Because of the
high breakage, the total milled rice recovery is 53-55%, and head rice
recovery is in the order of 30% of the milled rice. The fine broken are mixed
with the bran and the ground rice hull. This by-product is used for animal Photo source:
feed. In many rural areas, Engleberg mills are used for custom milling the http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/images/stories/single-
stage-single-pass-mill.jpg
rice requirements of households. The bran produced is left to the miller as
the milling fee.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

The Micro mill is also a single pass single stage mill, which was designed for
local production. All components can be produced by local welding
workshops. However, the milling recovery and head rice recovery is quite
low and it is therefore only suitable for milling paddy for home consumption
in very remote areas where the farmers don’t have access to a custom
rice mill.
Photo source:
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/images/stories/single-
stage-single-pass-mill.jpg

Two stage mills (single pass or two pass)

Two stage milling is either done in compact 2-stage rice mills, or with
two separate machines for husking and polishing. Typically they have 0.5
to 1 ton per hour paddy input capacity. They are also used for custom
milling services in the rural areas. A typical compact rice mill consists of a 6-
inch diameter x 6-inch wide rubber roller husker, and a friction whitener.
The friction whitener has a very similar design configuration as the
Engleberg except that is has no husking knife. The milling performance of
the compact rice mill is superior to the single pass Engleberg huller. Milling
recoveries are normally above 60%.

Photo source:
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/images/stories/single-
stage-single-pass-mill.jpg
Mobile rice mills
A recent development is mobile rice mills. These typically consist
either of two stages, single pass mills, or alternatively a huller and a polisher
mounted on a self-propelled vehicle. These mobile mills can be seen in
Vietnam, Cambodia, Indonesia and the Philippines. The mill comes to the
customer, who does not have to transport his paddy to the mill and the
milled rice back.

Photo source:
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/images/stories/single-
stage-single-pass-mill.jpg

Commercial milling systems mill the paddy in stages, and hence are called multi-stage or multi-pass rice mills. The objective
of commercial rice milling is to reduce mechanical stresses and heat buildup in the grain, thereby minimizing grain breakage
and producing uniformly polished grain. Compared to village-level systems, the commercial milling system is a more
sophisticated system configured to maximize the process of producing well-milled, whole grains.

The rice milling facility comes in various configurations, and the milling components vary in design and performance.
“Configuration” refers to how the components are sequenced. It has three basic stages,
1. the husking stage,
2. the whitening-polishing stage, and
3. the grading, blending, and packaging stage.

In modern rice mills, many adjustments (e.g. rubber roll clearance, separator bed inclination, feed rates) are automated for
maximum efficiency and ease of operation. The whitener-polishers are provided with gauges that sense the current load on
the motor drives which gives an indication of the operating pressure on the grain. This provides a more objective means of
setting milling pressures on the grain.

Learning Task 1.

Instructions: Identify and list down the difference between the two pictures below. Copy and complete the table with your
personal observation as well as the materials/ equipment being used. Use a separate sheet of paper for your answer.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Type of Milling
Materials/ Equipment
Personal observation

Learning Task 2
Instructions: Choose the letter of a word inside the box that will make the sentence correct. Write your answer on a sheet of
paper.

a. mill c. mobile e. Engleberg g. thriving i. rural

b. facility d. micro f. paddy h. husk j. automated

1. Commercial milling systems ________ the paddy in stages,

2. The rice milling _________comes in various configurations, and the milling components vary in design and performance.
3. A recent development are _________rice mills
4. The ________mill is also a single pass single stage mill, which was designed for local production
5 The single pass rice mill is an adaptation of the ________coffee huller from the United States, modified for milling rice.
6. Hand pounding of ________ in a mortar with a pestle is the traditional milling process in remote villages
7. Milling is one of the _________rice related business.
8. Pounding the paddy induces upward and downward forces on grain against grain that removes the ______and bran
layers.
9. Village-type rice mills can be found in __________l communities and are used for service milling paddy of farmers for home
consumption
10. In modern rice mills, many adjustments (e.g. rubber roll clearance, separator bed inclination, feed rates) are ______ for
maximum efficiency and ease of operation.

Learning Task 3. Match the word in Column A with the description in Column B. Write your answer on the blank provided
before the number.
Column A Column B
_____1. Rice milling A. It is the removal of hulls and bran from rice grains to produce polished or
white rice ready for human consumption.

_____2. Single pass rice mill B. It is an adaptation of the "Engleberg" coffee huller from the United States,
modified for milling rice.
_____3. One step milling process C. The husk and bran removal are done in one pass and milled or white rice is
produced directly out of paddy.

_____4. Village-type rice mills D. This can be found in rural communities and are used for service milling
paddy of farmers for home consumption.
____5. Micro mill E. It is a single pass single stage mill, which was designed for local production.

E. Engagement (Time Frame: 1 hour and 30 minutes)

Learning task 4. CREATE A MINI!
Instructions:
1. Create a simple miniature of rice mill equipment. Choose one equipment between village level rice mills and commercial
mills.
2. You can use localized or recyclable materials in doing the task/s.
3. Please be guided with the given criteria for this task.
4. Use a video camera or mobile phone for task documentation.
5. Send the documented output (either video or pictures) to your teacher via messenger or other social media platforms.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Rubric for grading output
Criteria Score
20 15 10 5
Procedures were followed accordingly
Rice mill equipment structures were identified
Localize materials were used
Showed creativity and resource fullness
Overall impact

A. Assimilation (Time Frame: 20 minutes)

Rice milling is the process that helps in the removal of hulls and brans from paddy grains to produce polished rice. Rice
is rich in genetic diversity with thousands of varieties grown throughout the world. Rice has been one of man's most important
foods. Today, this unique grain helps sustain two-thirds of the world's population. It is life for thousands and millions of people. It
is deeply embedded in the cultural heritage of their societies. About four-fifths of the world's rice are produced by small-scale
farmers and are consumed locally.
Milling is a crucial step in the post-production of rice. The basic objective of a rice milling system is to remove the husk
and the bran layers, and produce an edible, white rice kernel that is sufficiently milled and free of impurities. Depending on
the requirements of the customer, rice should have a minimum of broken kernels.
V. ASSESSMENT (Time Frame: 30 minutes)
(Learning Activity Sheets for Enrichment, Remediation, or Assessment to be given on Weeks 3 and 6)
Modified True or False
Instructions: Write true if the statement is correct and false if it is wrong; then, change the underlined word or phrase that
makes the statement that makes it false and write the correct one.
_______1. Rice milling is the adding of hulls and bran from rice grains to produce polished or white rice ready for human
consumption.
_______2. A rice milling program can be a simple one or two step process, or a multi stage process.
_______3. In a two step process, removing husk and removing bran are done combined, and brown rice is produced as an
intermediate product.
_______4. The pounding never breaks up fissured grain.
_______5. Compared to village-level systems, the commercial milling system is not sophisticated system configured to
maximize the process of producing well-milled, whole grains.
_______6. In multistage milling, rice will undergo a number of same t processing steps.
_______7. The winnowing process to separate milled paddy grain is an art.
_______8. The rice milling factory comes in various configurations, and the milling components vary in design and
performance.
_______9. “Configuration” refers to how the components are followed.
______10. Milling is one of the easiest rice related business.
VI. REFLECTION (Time Frame: 10 minutes)
• Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.
Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance
Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in the column
for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below:
 - I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target content/ lesson.
✓ - I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform this
task.
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3 Number 5 Number 7
Number 2 Number 4 Number 6 Number 8
VII. REFERENCES -http://www.pcaarrd.dost.gov.ph/home/portal/index.php/quick-information-dispatch/2582-attaining-
ricemill-efficiency-in-the-countryside-through-the-impeller-compact-ricemill

-http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/postharvest/milling/milling-systems
Prepared by: Cherry R. Lua Checked and Geraldine M. Constantino
reviewed by: Maria Madel C. Rubia
Louie L. Fulledo
Generosa F. Zubieta
Ermelo A. Escobinas