ACCPTANCE SAMPLING - DSP

Dr C K Biswas
Asso Prof.
Dept of ME

PCAS 1
Content
Introduction
Double Sampling Plan (DSP)
Probability of acceptance, Pa
Operating characteristics (OC) curve
Average Outgoing Quality (AOQ)
Average Outgoing Quality Limit (AOQL)
Average Sample Number (ASN)
Average Total Inspection(ATI)

PCAS 2
 Double Sampling Plan (DSP)
Inspect 1st samples of size
no of defectives in 1st sample

𝑑 1 ≤𝑐 1
no of defectives in 2nd sample
yes No
𝐼
𝑃𝑎 Usually,

𝑐 1<𝑑 1 ≤ 𝑐 2
No
yes

Inspect 2nd samples of size

𝐼𝐼
𝑃𝑎

𝑑1 +𝑑2 ≤𝑐 2
yes
No
Reject the lot
Accept the lot 100 % inspection

3
Probability of acceptance, Pa
Probability of acceptance on the 1st sample,
= P() + P(=1)+ P(=2) + …. P()

Sample size
Use cumulative Poisson’s distribution table
row x=
column t=p

PCAS 4
Probability
fromof acceptance,
Poisson’s Pa (contd.)
from Poisson’s
e.g. DSP: cumulative cumulative
distribution table distribution table
For p=0.05 t=p=2.5 column t=p=5.0 column

Possibilities Prob Prob remark

i 0 - - No 2nd sample
ii 1 0.2873 - - No 2nd sample
iii 2 0.2565 0 2 draw 2nd sample
0.0404
iv -do- 1 3 draw 2nd sample
v 3 0.2138 0 0.0067 3 draw 2nd sample

Use table or

= 0.2873

PCAS 5
 Prob of
Probability of acceptance, Pa (contd.)
drawing 2nd
sample
Prob of combined no
of defectives

Probability of acceptance after 2nd sample,

= P() P()

= P() {P() + P()} + P(=3)P()

= 0.2565 x 0.0404 + 0.2138 x 0.0067
= 0.0118

All numerical values are from the table in previous slide

PCAS 6
Probability of acceptance, Pa (contd.)

Pa is a function of p

PCAS 7
 Operating characteristics (OC) curve
e.g. DSP :

PCAS 8
 Average Outgoing QualityNo Incoming
(AOQ) quality p
of defectives in lot pN
Inspect 1st samples of size

𝑑 1 ≤𝑐 1
yes No
𝐼
𝑃𝑎

𝑐 1<𝑑 1 ≤ 𝑐 2
No
yes

Inspect 2nd samples of size

𝑃𝑎 𝐼 (𝑝 𝑁 −𝑝 𝑛1) 𝐼𝐼
𝑃𝑎

𝑑1 +𝑑2 ≤𝑐 2
yes
No
Reject the lot
Accept the lot 100 % inspection
𝐼𝐼
𝑃𝑎 (𝑝 𝑁 −𝑝 𝑛 1 − 𝑝𝑛2 )

AOQ=
9
 Average Outgoing Quality Limit
AOQL

PCAS 10
 Average Total Inspection(ATI)
Incoming quality p
No of defectives in lot pN
Inspect 1st samples of size

𝑑 1 ≤𝑐 1
yes No
𝐼
𝑃𝑎

𝑐 1<𝑑 1 ≤ 𝑐 2
No

yes

Inspect 2nd samples of size

𝑃𝑎 𝐼 𝑛1
𝐼𝐼
𝑃𝑎

𝑑1 +𝑑2 ≤𝑐 2
yes
No
Reject the lot
Accept the lot 100 % inspection
𝑃𝑎 𝐼𝐼 𝑛2
(1− 𝑃𝑎 ¿ ¿ 𝐼 − 𝑃𝑎 𝐼𝐼 )𝑁 ¿
ATI=
11
 Average Sample Number (ASN)
Inspect 1st samples of size = P{lot is accepted on the 1st sample} +
P{lot is rejected on the 1st sample}

𝑑 1 ≤𝑐 1
yes No

𝑐 1<𝑑 1 ≤ 𝑐 2
No

yes

Inspect 2nd samples of size

𝑑1 +𝑑2 ≤𝑐 2
yes
No
Reject the lot
Accept the lot 100 % inspection

ASN= =
12
PCAS 13
DSP vrs SSP
Advantage of DSP
 psychological advantage - people may feel more secure with
the idea of providing a 2nd chance to the lot of material
before it is rejected. 
 if a lot is very bad or if it is very good, it can be either
rejected or accepted with smaller 1st sample
 Suppose 1st sample in DSP is smaller than for SSP
If lot is accepted or reject on 1st sample, cost of inspection is
lower
Also possible to reject a lot without completing inspection of 2nd
sample

PCAS 14
DSP vrs SSP (contd.)
Disadvantage of DSP
 DSP needs more administrative effort than SSP
 If incoming lots quality, p close to the AQL and
consistent, the SSP is more economical than DSP

PCAS 15
Problem statement
A vendor ships components in lots of size 5000. A double
sampling plan with has been decided as acceptance
inspection procedure to be adopted. If the incoming quality
have fraction defectives p=0.05, calculate the following
i. the probability of acceptance after 1st sample is drawn.
ii. the probability of acceptance after 2nd sample is drawn.
iii. the probability of rejection after 1st sample is drawn.
iv. Average sample number.

PCAS 16
 from Poisson’s cumulative
from Poisson’s cumulative

Solution distribution table t=p=2.5

column
distribution table t=p=5.0 column

possibilities Prob Prob remark

i 0 - - No 2nd sample
ii 1 0.5438 - - No 2nd sample
iii 2 - - No 2nd sample
iv 3 0.2138 0 3 draw 2nd sample
v -do- 1 4 draw 2nd sample
vi -do- 2 0.2650 5 draw 2nd sample
vii -do- 3 6 draw 2nd sample
viii 4 0.1336 0 4 draw 2nd sample
ix -do- 1 5 draw 2nd sample
0.1247
x -do- 2 6 draw 2nd sample
xi 5 0 5 draw 2nd sample
0.0668
xii -do- 1 0.0404 6 draw 2nd sample
xiii 6 0.0278 0 0.0067 6 draw 2nd sample

PCAS 17
Solution (contd.)
i. Probability of acceptance after 1st sample, = 0.5438

ii. = P(){P() + P() + P() + P()}

+ P(){P() + P() + P() }
+P(){P() + P()}

+P(){P() }
= 0.2138 x 0.2650 + 0.1336 x 0.1247 + 0.0668 x 0.0404 +
0.0278 x 0.0067
= 0.0762
All numerical values are from the table in previous slide

PCAS 18
Solution (contd.)
iii. Probability of rejecting after 1st sample,
= P() = 1- P( = 1- 0.9858 = 0.0142

iv. ASN=
Where ) + P
= 0.5438 + 0.0142
= 0.558
So, ASN= 50 + 100 (1- 0.558) = 94.2

PCAS 19
End of lecture

Thank you
fo r your kind
attention

PCAS 20