CHAPTER 3

SQUARE, SQUARE ROOTS, CUBES & CUBES

ROOT

❑ Estimate square and square root

❑ Estimate cube and cube root
Estimate square and square root
 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
a) 612 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 61 which is 60-70
3) Determine the number which is nearest to 61
502 602 702 802 (whether 60 or 70)
4) 61 is nearest to 60. Therefore 612 ≈ 602
≈ 3600

2500 3600 4900 6400

 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
b) 22.52 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 22.5 which is 22-23
3) Determine the number which is nearest to 22.5
212 222 232 242 (whether 22 or 23)
4) 22.5 is nearest to 23. Therefore 22.52 ≈ 232
≈ 529

441 484 529 576

 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
c) 8.72 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 8.7 which is 8-9
3) Determine the number which is nearest to 8.7
72 82 92 102 (whether 8 or 9)
4) 8.7 is nearest to 9. Therefore 8.72 ≈ 92
≈ 81

49 64 81 100
 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
d) (−0.188)2 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of -0.188 which is 0.1-0.2
3) Determine the number which is nearest to -0.188
0.12 0.22 0.32 0.42 (whether 0.1 or 0.2)
4) -0.188 is nearest to 0.2. Therefore(−0.188)2 ≈ 0.22
≈ 0.04

0.01 0.04 0.09 0.16

 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
e) 5.92 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 5.9 which is 5-6
3) Determine the number which is nearest to 5.9
42 52 62 72 (whether 5 or 6)
4) 5.9 is nearest to 6. Therefore5.92 ≈ 62
≈ 36

16 25 36 49
 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
f) (−21)2 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of -21 which is 20-30
3) Determine the number which is nearest to -21
102 202 302 402 (whether -20 or -30)
4) -21 is nearest to 20. Therefore (−21)2 ≈ (−20)2
≈ 400

100 400 900 1600

 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
2. 𝑔) 13.082 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 13.08 which is 13-14
3) Determine the number which is nearest to 13.08
132 142 152 162 (whether 13 or -14)
4) 13.08 is nearest to 13. Therefore 13.082 ≈ 132
≈ 169

169 196 225 256

 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
h) 0.9122 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 0.912 which is 0.9-1
3) Determine the number which is nearest to 0.912
0.92 12 22 32 (whether 0.9 or -1)
4) 0.912 is nearest to 0.9. Therefore 0.9122 ≈ 0.92
≈ 0.81

0.81 1 4 9
 Estimate square
1. Estimate the value of
i) 47.62 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 47.6 which is 47-48
3) Determine the number which is nearest to 47.6
462 472 482 492 (whether 47 or 48)
4) 47.6 is nearest to 48. Therefore 47.62 ≈ 482
≈ 2309

2116 2209 2309 2401

Square root of all perfect square

121 = 11 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 112 = 121

144 = 12 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 122 = 144
169 = 13 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 132 = 169
196 = 14 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 142 = 196
225 = 15 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑒 152 = 225
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
a) 62
1) Draw line number
6 7 8 9 2) Determine the range of 62 which is 49 - 64
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 62
(whether 49 or 64)
4) 62 is nearest to 64. Therefore 62 ≈ 64
36 49 64 81 ≈8
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
b) 97
1) Draw line number
7 8 9 10 2) Determine the range of 97 which is 81 - 100
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 97
(whether 81 or 100)
4) 97 is nearest to 100. Therefore 97 ≈ 100
49 64 81 100 ≈ 10
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
c) 147
1) Draw line number
10 11 12 13 2) Determine the range of 147 which is 144 - 169
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 147
(whether 144 or 169)
4) 147 is nearest to 144. Therefore 147 ≈ 144
100 121 144 169 ≈ 12
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
d) 0.34
1) Draw line number
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 2) Determine the range of 0.34 which is 0.36 - 0.49
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 0.34
(whether 0.36 or 0.49)
4) 0.34 is nearest to 0.36. Therefore 0.34 ≈ 0.36
0.16 0.25 0.36 0.49 ≈ 0.6
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
e) 54
1) Draw line number
6 7 8 9 2) Determine the range of 54 which is 49 - 64
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to
54 (whether 49 or 64)
4) 54 is nearest to 49. Therefore 54 ≈ 49
36 49 64 81 ≈7
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
f) 34
1) Draw line number
4 5 6 7 2) Determine the range of 34 which is 25 - 36
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to
34 (whether 25 or 36)
4) 34 is nearest to 36. Therefore 34 ≈ 36
16 25 36 49 ≈6
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
g) 17.6
1) Draw line number
3 4 5 6 2) Determine the range of 17.6 which is 16 - 25
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to
17.6 (whether 16 or 25)
4) 17.6 is nearest to 16. Therefore 17.6 ≈ 16
9 16 25 36 ≈4
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
h) 128
1) Draw line number
9 10 11 12 2) Determine the range of 128 which is 121 - 144
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to
128 (whether 121 or 144)
4) 128 is nearest to 121. Therefore 128 ≈ 121
81 100 121 144 ≈ 11
 Estimate square root
1. Estimate the value of
i) 0.85
1) Draw line number
0.7 0.8 0.9 1 2) Determine the range of 0.85 which is 0.81 - 1
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to
0.85 (whether 0.81 or 1)
4) 0.85 is nearest to 1. Therefore 0.85 ≈ 1
0.49 0.64 0.81 1 ≈1
Estimate cube and cube root
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
a) 4.23 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 4.2 which is 4-5
3) Determine the number which is nearest to
33 43 53 63 4.2 (whether 4 or 5)
4) 4.2 is nearest to 4. Therefore 4.23 ≈ 43
≈ 64

27 64 125 216
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
b) 2.133 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 2.13 which is 2-3
3) Determine the number which is nearest to
13 23 33 43 2.13 (whether 2 or 3)
4) 2.13 is nearest to 2. Therefore 2.133 ≈ 23
≈8

1 8 27 64
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
c) (−9.6)3
1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of -9.6 which is (–9)-(-10)
(−8)3 (−9)3 (−10)3 (−11)3 3) Determine the number which is nearest to -9.6
(whether (–9) or (-10) )
4) -9.6 is nearest to (-10). Therefore (−9.6)3 ≈ (−10)3
≈ -1000
-512 -729 -1000 -1331
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
d) 19.73
1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 19.7 which is 10-20
103 203 303 403 3) Determine the number which is nearest to 19.7
(whether 10 or 20)
4) 19.7 is nearest to 20. Therefore 19.73 ≈ 203
≈ 8000
1000 8000 27000 64000
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
e) (−43.2)3
(-20)3 (−30)3 (−40)3 (−50)3
-8000 -27000 -6400 -125000
1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of -43.2 which is (-40) – (-50)
3) Determine the number which is nearest to -43.2
(whether (-40) or (-50))
4) -43.2 is nearest to (-40). Therefore (−43.2)3 ≈ (−40)3
≈ -64000
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
f) 10.83
1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 10.8 which is 10-11
103 113 123 133 3) Determine the number which is nearest to 10.8
(whether 10 or 11)
4) 10.8 is nearest to 11. Therefore 10.83 ≈ 113
≈ 1331
1000 1331 1728 2197
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
g) (−0.485)3
1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of (-0.485) which is (–0.4)-(-0.5)
(−0.3)3 (−0.4)3 (−0.5)3 (−0.6)3 3) Determine the number which is nearest to (-0.485)
(whether (–0.4) or (-0.5))
4) (-0.485) is nearest to (-0.5). Therefore (−0.485)3 ≈
(−0.5)3
-0.027 - 0.064 -0.125 - 0.126 ≈ -0.125
 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
h) 6.23 1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 6.2 which is 6-7
3) Determine the number which is nearest to
53 63 73 83 6.2 (whether 6 or 7)
4) 6.2 is nearest to 6. Therefore 6.23 ≈ 63
≈ 216

125 216 343 512

 Estimate cube
1. Estimate the value of
i) 29.43
1) Draw line number
2) Determine the range of 29.4 which is 20-30
103 203 303 403 3) Determine the number which is nearest to 29.4
(whether 20 or 30)
4) 29.4 is nearest to 30. Therefore 29.43 ≈ 303
≈ 27000
1000 8000 27000 64000
Perfect cube root
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
a) 180
1) Draw line number
3 3 3
4 5 6 7 2) Determine the range of 180 which is 125- 216
3) Determine the square root which is nearest
3 3 3
to 180(whether 125 𝑜𝑟 216)
3 3 3
3 3 3 3
4) 180 is nearest to 125.Therefore 180 ≈ 125
64 125 216 343 ≈5
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
b) 69
1) Draw line number
3 3 3
3 4 5 6 2) Determine the range of 69 which is 64 − 125
3) Determine the square root which is nearest
3 3 3
to 69 (whether 64 𝑜𝑟 125 )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
4) 69 is nearest to 64 . Therefore 69 ≈ 64
27 64 125 216 ≈4
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
c) −118
1) Draw line number
3 3
-3 -4 -5 -6 2) Determine the range of −118 which is −64 −
3
−125
3) Determine the square root which is nearest
3 3 3
3 3 3 3 to −118(whether −64 𝑜𝑟 −125 )
−27 −64 −125 −216 3 3 3 3
4) −118 is nearest to −125 . Therefore −118 ≈ −125
≈ -5
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
d) −26.8
1) Draw line number
3 3 3
-2 -3 -4 -5 2) Determine the range of −26.8 which is −8 − −27
3
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to −26.8
3 3
(whether −8 𝑜𝑟 −27 )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3 4) −26.8 is nearest to −27 . Therefore −26.8 ≈ −27
−8 −27 −64 −125
≈ -3
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
e) 7.7
1) Draw line number
3 3 3
1 2 3 4 2) Determine the range of 7.7 which is 1 − 8
3
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 7.7
3 3
(whether 1 𝑜𝑟 8 )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3 4) 7.7I s nearest to 8 . Therefore 7.7 ≈ 8
1 8 27 64
≈2
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
f) 62
1) Draw line number
3 3 3
2 3 4 5 2) Determine the range of 62 which is 27 − 64
3
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 62
3 3
(whether 27 𝑜𝑟 64 )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3 4) 62 is nearest to 64 . Therefore 62 ≈ 64
8 27 64 125
≈4
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
g) 28.3
1) Draw line number
3 3 3
1 2 3 4 2) Determine the range of 28.3 which is 27 − 64
3
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 28.3
3 3
(whether 27 𝑜𝑟 64 )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3 4) 28.3 is nearest to 27 . Therefore 28.3 ≈ 27
1 8 27 64
≈3
 Estimate cube root
1. Estimate the value of
3
h) 218
1) Draw line number
3 3 3
5 6 7 8 2) Determine the range of 218 which is 216 − 343
3
3) Determine the square root which is nearest to 218
3 3
(whether 216 𝑜𝑟 343 )
3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3 4) 218 is nearest to 216 . Therefore 218 ≈ 216
125 216 343 512
≈6