University of Moratuwa

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Mathematics
B.Sc. Engineering
Semester 4(18 Batch) Examination
MA 2033 Linear Algebra
Multipoint Assessment No. 3 of 3

Time allowed: ONE HOUR July 2021

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• This paper contains 2 questions on 4 pages.
• Answer ALL questions.
• This examination accounts for 35% of the module assessment.
• The maximum marks attainable are indicated in square brackets.
• All symbols carry their usual meaning.
• If you have any doubts as to the interpretation of the wording of a question, make sure
you take your own decision, but clearly state it on the script.
• All examinations are conducted under the rules and regulations of the University.
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 MA 2033

Question (01)

I.
(𝑎) Let 𝑉 be any inner product space.
1 2 1 2
Prove that < 𝒖, 𝒗 > = 4 ||𝒖 + 𝒗|| − 4 ||𝒖 − 𝒗|| ; ∀ 𝒖, 𝒗 ∈ 𝑉. Also prove that
2 2 2 2
||𝒖 + 𝒗|| + ||𝒖 − 𝒗|| = 2||𝒖|| + 2||𝒗|| ; ∀ 𝒖, 𝒗 ∈ 𝑉. [20 marks]

(𝑏) Using Cauchy-Schwarz inequality prove that

(𝑎 cos 𝜃 + 𝑏 sin 𝜃)2 ≤ 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ; for any 𝑎, 𝑏 𝜃 ∈ ℝ. [20 marks]

II.
1 0 0 0 𝑥1 𝑦1
𝑥2 𝑦2
(𝑎) Let 𝐴 = (0 2 0 0
), 𝒙 = (𝑥 ) and 𝒚 = (𝑦 ) be vectors in ℝ4 .
0 0 4 0 3 3
0 0 0 1 𝑥4 𝑦4

Verify that < 𝒙, 𝒚 > = 𝒙𝑇 𝐴𝒚 is an inner product. [20 marks]

(𝑏) Let 𝑊 be the subspace of ℝ4 spanned by the vectors 𝑣1 = (0,1,0,0) and

𝑣2 = (−1,0,1,1). Using the above inner product, find a basis for the orthogonal
complement of 𝑊 (i.e. 𝑊 ⊥ ). [10 marks]

III. Let ℝ3 be equipped with the inner product

< 𝒖, 𝒗 > = 𝑢1 𝑣1 + 2𝑢2 𝑣2 + 3𝑢3 𝑣3

Use the Gram-Schmidt process to transform the basis {(1,1,1), (1,1,0), (1,0,0)} into an
orthogonal basis. [30 marks]

Question (02)

I. Solve the system of differential equations,

𝑦1′ = 4𝑦1 + 𝑦3
𝑦2′ = −2𝑦1 + 𝑦2
𝑦3′ = −2𝑦1 + 𝑦3 ,

by using a diagonalization procedure. [60 marks]

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II. Identify the conic section represented by the equation 5𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 5𝑦 2 = 9 by changing
variables. [40 marks]

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