TEST 19

PART TWO. LEXICO – GRAMMAR (30p.)

Question 1. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. Write your answers
(A, B, C, or D) in the space provided under this part. (10p.)
1. The ______ of two houses prove such a financial burden that they were forced to sell one
A. upshot B. upkeep C. uproar D. upsurge
2. In his student days, he was as poor as a church ______
A. beggar B. miser C. mouse D. pauper
3. Harry doesn’t ______ to great fame and fortune, he just wants to make a decent living.
A. crave B. hanker C. yearn D. aspire
4. I wrote to them a fortnight ago but ______ I haven’t had a reply
A. as yet B. these days C. so long D. just now
5. I couldn’t stop myself from ______ with boredom during the lecture.
A. sighing B. gasping C. panting D. blowing
6. She didn’t show even a ______ of emotion when the court found her guilty.
A. gleam B. wink C. flicker D. flash
7. It’s not surprising that he became a writer because he always longed to see his name______.
A. in type B. in print C. in letters D. in edition
8. The police are looking into new ways of ______ major crime.
A. contending: chiến đấu, đấu tranh B. wrestling C. combating D. striving
9. The technological and economic changes of the 19 century had a marked ______ on workers.
th

A. cause B. effect C. impact D. consequence

10. The first sign of vitamin A disorder is night ______.
A. loss of sight B. lack of vision C. invisibility D. blindness
11. The ______ are against her winning a fourth consecutive gold medal.
A. chances B. bets C. prospects D. odds
12. References can have a considerable ______ on employment prospects.
A. cause B. decision C. weight D. bearing
13. The prospects of picking up any survivors are now ______.
A. thin B. narrow C. slim D. restricted
14. From time to time he ______ himself to a weekend in a five-star hotel.
A. craves B. indulges C. treats D. benefits
15. Men still expect their jobs to take ______.
A. superiority B. imposition C. priority D. seniority
* imposition: sự đánh thuế/ sự gánh vác
16. The police have been ordered not to ______ if the students attack them.
A. combat B. rebuff C. retaliate D. challenge
* rebuff: từ chối dứt khoát, cự tuyệt/ rút lui
17. Meg had a ______ escape when she was hang-gliding yesterday.
A. slender B. close C. near D. narrow

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18. I can’t tell you the exact amount, but I can give you a ______ estimate.
A. smooth B. tidy C. rough D. similar
* a rough estimate: ước lượng
19. Marge walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ______ something she would regret
later.
A. will say B. said
C. might say D. might have said
20. You are not supposed to park on the hard ______ except in an emergency.
A. lane B. shoulder C. leg D. area
* hard shoulder: a hard area at the side of a main road where a driver stop if there is a serious
problem
Your answers

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Question 2. There are TEN mistakes in this paragraph. Write them down & give the correction.
Write your answers in the space provided. (5p.)
Line 1 Skiing is one of the most popular sports in the world. According to
2 recent estimation, about one hundred million of people ski regularly or
3 occasionally.
4 Sliding across the snow on skis is also one of the most ancient
5 methods of transport known to the man. It has demonstrated that men were
6 already traveling across the snow by means of primitive skis before the
7 invention of the wheel. In the Asiatic region of Altai and in Scandinavia,
8 for example, the remains of skis have been found which dated back to
9 4,000 BC. Further evidence is supplied by ancient cave paintings which
10 depict people skiing, and a Norwegian saga which tells the story of an
11 invasion of its territory 8,000 years ago by a tribe of skiers who came from
12 the north.
13 Nowadays, skiing, apart from a sport, has become a big industry and a
14 notable feature of leisure culture. Ski resorts and all the activity that they
15 generate is the main source of wealth in many mountain regions, which
16 were previously remote and inaccessible. And far from its once elitist
17 image, skiing is now enjoyed by an increasingly broader spectra of society.

Your answers

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 Line Mistake Correction
1. has Has been
2. estimation Estimates
3. The man Man
4. Traveling Travelling
5. dated Date
6. is Are
7. spectra spectrum
8.
9.
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Question 3. Complete each of the following sentences with the correct form of one verb from the
box and a suitable particle. Write your answers in the space provided (5p.)
lag jump lie fall bring
work bring jot get tick
1. My purse has just __turned up_____ behind the sofa even though I thought I’d lost it for good.
2. It was Tony who would always ___lag behind: move more slowly than SO else so that you are
behind them____ the rest of the party. He would stop at every window and gaze for hours.
3. He’s a nature enthusiast and he will certainly ___jump at ____ the opportunity of visiting the
wildlife reserve in Ohio.
4. “Keep talking while I ___am jotting down____ my notes.” she said.
5. Unless your wife stops leading her extravagant lifestyle, you won’t __get by_____ on the poor
salary you obtain.
6. The exact cost of the whole venture isn’t known yet, but our best accounts have been trying to
__work it out_____(it).
7. I don’t quite like the new apprentice’s approach. He seems to _lie on: affect SO in a specified
way ______ the job.
8. Those naughty boys went on making terrible noise in the park even though they had been
__ticked off_____ by the annoyed constable.
9. His heart attack was __brought out_____ by too much stress at work.
10. I am not friends with Peter anymore. We’ve__fallen out_____.

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Your answers

1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

Question 4. Use the correct form of each bracketed word in the numbered space. Write your
answers in the space provided. (5 p.)
The spiral and the helix
They are everywhere, (1-GRACE), curving shapes whose incredible (2- REGULAR)
contrasts so sharply with the random world around them. We call them spirals and helices but that
hardly does (3-JUST) to their diversity or their significance. Over the centuries, mathematicians
have identified many different types, but the most intriguing are those that (4-REPEAT) occur in
the natural world.
The need to (5-RAVEL) the mysteries of the existence of spirals and helices has exercised
some of the best scientific brains in the world and opened the way to a number of (6-BREAK) in
fields as widely varied as genetics and meteorology.
The most (7-SPETACLE) spirals on earth are also the most unwelcome hurricanes. Their (8-
AWE) power comes from the sun’s heat, but they owe their shape to the force caused by the
rotation of the earth. After (9-NUMBER) years of study, however, Nature’s spirals and helices have
yet to (10-CLOSE) all their secrets. For example, why, astronomers wonder, are so many galaxies
spiral-shaped?
Your answers
1. graceful 6. breakthroughs
2. regularity 7. spectacular
3. justice 8. aweful
4.repeatedly 9. innumerable
5. unravel 10. disclose

Question 5. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. Write
your answers in the space provided. (10p.)
Although the earth was formed about 4,500 million years ago, human beings have inhabited it for
less than half a million years. Within this time, population has increased hugely and people have had

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a vast (1)...... upon the earth. They have long been able to (2)...... the forces of nature to use. Now,
with modern technology, they have the power to alter the balance of life on earth.
Reports back from the first astronauts helped dispel the dangerous (3)...... that the world had no
boundaries and had limitless resources. Moreover, ecologists have shown that all forms of life on
earth are interconnected, so it (4)...... that all human activity has an effect on the natural
environment.
In recent years, people have been putting the environment under stress. As a result, certain (5)...... materials such as
timber, water and minerals are beginning to (6)...... short. Pollution and the (7)...... of waste are already critical
issues, and the (8)...... of the environment is fast becoming the most pressing problem (9)...... us all. The way we
respond to the challenge will have a profound effect on the earth and its life support (10)...... .

1. A. imprint B. indication C. impression D. impact

2. A. put B. make C. place D. stand
3. A. judgment B. notion C. reflection D. concept
4. A. results B. follows C. complies D. develops
5. A. raw B. coarse C. crude D. rough
6. A. turn B. come C. go D. run
7. A. disposal B. displacement C. dismissal D. disposition
8. A. state B. situation C. case D. circumstance
9. A. encountering B. opposing C. meeting D. confronting
10. A. projects B. systems C. methods D. routines

Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

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PART THREE: READING (30p.)

Question 1. Read the following passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D for each
question. Write your answers in the space provided. (10p.)
We are descendents of the ice age. Periods of glaciation have spanned the whole of human
existence for the past 2 million years. The rapid melting of the continental glaciers at the end of the
last ice age spurred one of the most dramatic climate changes in the history of the planet. During
this interglacial time, people were caught up in a cataclysm of human accomplishment, including
the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Over the past few thousand years, the Earth’s
climate has been extraordinarily beneficial, and humans have prospered exceedingly well under a
benign atmosphere.
Ice ages have dramatically affected life on Earth almost from the very beginning. It is even
possible that life itself significantly changed the climate. All living organisms pull carbon dioxide
out of the atmosphere and eventually store it in sedimentary rocks within the Earth’s crust. If too
much carbon dioxide is lost, too much heat escapes out into the atmosphere. This can cause the
Earth to cool enough for glacial ice to spread across the land.
In general the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been equalized
by the input of carbon dioxide from such events as volcanic eruptions. Man, however, is upsetting
the equation by burning fossil fuels and destroying tropical rain forests, both of which release stored
carbon dioxide. This energizes the greenhouse effect and causes the Earth to warm. If the warming
is significant enough, the polar ice caps eventually melt.
The polar ice caps drive the atmospheric and oceanic circulation systems. Should the ice caps
melt, warm tropical waters could circle the globe and make this a very warm, inhospitable planet.
Over the past century, the global sea level has apparently risen upwards of 6 inches, mainly
because of the melting of glacial ice. If present warming trends continue, the seas could rise as much
as 6 feet by the next century. This could flood coastal cities and fertile river deltas, where half the
human population lives. Delicate wetlands, where many marine species breed, also would be
reclaimed by the sea. In addition, more frequent and severe storms would batter coastal areas,
adding to the disaster of the higher seas.
The continued melting of the great ice sheets in polar regions could cause massive amounts
of ice to crash into the ocean. This would further raise the sea level and release more ice, which
could more than double the area of sea ice and increase correspondingly the amount of sunlight
reflected back into space. The cycle would then be complete as this could cause global temperatures
to drop enough to initiate another ice age.
1. According to the passage, carbon dioxide is stored in each of the following EXCEPT
A. polar ice caps. B. sedimentary rocks. C. rain forests. D. fossil fuel.
2. What does the final paragraph of the passage mainly discuss?
A. The relationship between the ocean and the sun
B. The amount of sunlight reflected into space
C. A rise in global temperatures
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 D. The conditions that could lead to an ice age
3. Which of the following does the author NOT mention as a consequence of a large rise in global
sea level?
A. The destruction of wetlands B. The flooding of cities
C. A more diverse marine population D. Severe storms
4. According to the passage, what is the relationship between carbon dioxide and the Earth’s
climate?
A. Carbon dioxide, which is trapped in glacial ice, is released when warm temperatures cause the
ice melt.
B. The greenhouse effect, which leads to the warming of the climate, is result of too much carbon
stored in the Earth’s crust.
C. Rain causes carbon dioxide to be washed out of the atmosphere and into the ocean.
D. An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide results in the warming of the climate.
5. The word beneficial in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. calm B. inviting C. thoughtful D. favorable
6. The word massive can be replaced to
A. wide B. huge C. dense D. thick
7. It can be inferred from the passage that the development of agriculture
A. preceded the development of animal husbandry.
B. withstood vast changes in the Earth’s climate.
C. did not take place during an ice age.
D. was unaffected by the greenhouse effect.
8. The word “this” in the third paragraph refers to
A. man’s upsetting the equation B. the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide.
C. a volcanic eruption D. the melting of the polar ice caps
9. The word “inhospitable” is closest in meaning to
A. imperfect. B. uninhabitable. C. unlikable D. cruel.
10. What is the main topic of the passage?
A. The possibility that the popular ice caps will melt
B. The coming of another ice age
C. Man’s effect on the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere
D. The climate of the Earth over the years
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Question 2. There are five extracts which have been removed from the following passage. Put an
extract from A-G in the correct gap 1-5 to complete the passage. There is two extracts you're not
going to need. Write your answers in the space provided. (5p.)
Children between the ages of 4 and 12 are the most common sufferers of sleepwalking, however, (1)
……D…., somnambulism, as it is observed in adults, increases in severity and frequency with age.
It is reported that more boys sleepwalk than girls and it is between the ages of 11 and 12 that the

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most number of cases is reported. Also, many children tend to grow out of it and because of this, it
is surmised (2)……A…….that may relate to the physiology of the younger body and mind that does
not relate to adulthood.
Sleepwalking also seems to occur with more intensity or frequency in a person (3)……B…. not
remember the incident at all. It is also a common misconception that it is dangerous to wake a
sleepwalker. It is, in fact, more dangerous to not wake a sleepwalker. This is due to the actions that
can be done by a sleepwalker. A person might drive a car, walk out into traffic, try cooking, etc. All
of these actions are highly dangerous to a person (4)…G………what they are doing.
This disorder can be just a mild annoyance to some but can also be a life-altering disorder to others.
Sleepwalking is more serious than aggressive so the danger lies more with self-injury than injuries
to others. Sleepwalkers are not allowed in the Armed Services at least partly due to the damage they
can cause themselves and also partly to the fact (5)………F……… Treatments can range from
relaxation techniques to anti-depressant medications.
A. that there are other sources for sleepwalking
B. who is sleep-deprived and a sleepwalker often will
C. that advise women to exercise for a good night’s sleeps
D. while pre-adolescents make up the larger number
E. who want to have an early night sleep
F. that they are around dangerous equipment
G. who is asleep and unaware of
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Question 3. Match each of the following headings with its suitable paragraph. The first one (0:
H) as an example has been done for you. There are two extra headings which you do not need to
use. Write your answers in the space provided. (5p.)

A. Research holds the key to success B. New and improved techniques

C. A new kind of athlete D. New equipment has made a difference
E. Athletes are what they eat F. Personalized programs will help
G. The influence of drugs H. Is there a limit to record-breaking?
[0: ___H __]
A world record is every athlete’s dream, but the hard-won records of a few years ago are mostly just
today’s qualifying times. Roger Bannister’s famous four-minute mile of 1956 has been beaten by
nearly 15 seconds, while almost an hour and twenty minutes has been taken off the women’s
marathon since 1953. ‘Faster, higher, stronger’ is the Olympic motto, and today’s competitors
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continue to push back the boundaries of what the body can achieve. But one wonders if this can
continue.
[1: __D____ ]
The last forty years have seen many important technological advances. For example, since the
introduction of strong, flexible fiberglass poles, over a meter has been added to the pole vault
record. There have also been important developments in the design the running shoe. And while a
shoe won’t actually make someone run faster, modern shoes do mean many more miles of
comfortable, injury-free training.
[2: __A____ ]
Pushing back the limits now depends more on science, technology and medicine than anything else.
Athletic technique, training programs and diets are all being studied to find ways of taking a few
more seconds off or adding a few more cm to that elusive world record. It seems that natural ability
and hard work are no longer enough.
[3: __B____ ]
The search to find more efficient ways of moving goes on. Analysis of an athlete’s style is
particularly useful for events like jumping and throwing. Studies show that long jumpers need to
concentrate not on the speed of approach, as once thought, but on the angle their bodies make with
the ground as they take off. However, the rules governing each sport limit advances achieved by
new styles. For instance only one-footed takeoffs are allowed in the high jump.

[4: __F____ ]
In the future, it should be possible to develop a more individual approach to training programs.
Athletes will keep detailed diaries and collect data to help predict the point when training becomes
overtraining, the cause of many injuries. If athletes fee all the information into a database, it may
then be possible to predict patterns and to advise them individually when they should cut down.
[5: ___E___ ]
Combining the right diet with a training program is vital. Athletes are continually searching for that
special ‘go-faster’ ingredient, but apparently it’s still a battle to get them to drink sufficient liquid
and to follow a balanced healthy diet throughout all phases of training, competition and recovery.
Diet in the period after an event is particularly important and often neglected. An athlete who
doesn’t replace all the liquid lost immediately after a hard run won’t be able to repeat the
performance at the same level 24 hours later.
Your answers
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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Question 4. Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passage with one suitable word.
Write your answers in the space provided. (10p.)
For over two hundred years, scholars have shown an interest in the way children learn to speak and
understand their language. Several small-scale studies were carried out, especially towards the end
of the nineteenth century, (1)__when_____ data recorded in parental diaries. But detailed,
systematic investigation did not begin until the middle decades of the twentieth century, when the
tape recorder (2) __turned_____ into routine use. This made it possible to keep a permanent record
of samples of child speech, so that analysts could listen repeatedly to obscure (3) ___sounds____,
and thus produce a detailed and accurate description. The problems that have (4) __faced_____
when investigating child speech are quite different from (5) __those_____ encountered when
working with adults. It is not possible to carry out certain kinds of experiments, because aspects of
children’s cognitive development, such as their ability to (6) __pay_____ attention or to remember
instructions, may not be sufficiently advanced. (7) ___Nor____ is it easy to get children to (8)
___make ____ systematic judgments about language – a task that is virtually impossible below the
age of three. Moreover, anyone who has tried to make a tape recording of a representative sample of
a child’s speech knows how frustrating this can be. Some children, it seems, are innately
programmed to (9) ___turn/switch____ off as soon as they notice a tape recorder (10) ___being____
switched on.

Your answers

1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

PART IV: WRITING (20p.)

Question 1: Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible
in meaning to the sentence printed before it. (5p.)
Example: We expect he will arrive by nine o’clock
He is____________________________
Answer: He is expected to arrive by nine o’clock
1. The journalists only heard about the changes to the wedding plans when they arrived at the venue.
It was only ______________________________________________________
2. We only came to this restaurant because you insisted that we did so.

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It was at _________________________________________________________
3. Arguing with her won’t get you anywhere.
It won’t do _______________________________________________________
4. The thief must have come in through the window.
The thief almost ___________________________________________________
5. What put me off the idea was simply how expensive it was going to be.
The sheer _________________________________________________________
Question 2. For each of the sentence below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in
meaning to the original sentence but using the word given. This word must not be altered in any
way. (5p.)
Example: We couldn't find the cat anywhere.
(NOWHERE )
Answer: The cat was nowhere to be found.

1. She is determined to become a doctor.

(HEART)
_________________________________________________________________
2. She just pretended to welcome him, then quickly left the waiting room.
(MOTIONS)
_________________________________________________________________
3. The success of the venture cannot be guaranteed.
(SUCCEED)
_________________________________________________________________
4. We simply must pay them the whole amount before the end of the month.
(ALTERNATIVE)
_________________________________________________________________
5. Ours is the only company allowed to import these chemicals.
(MONOPOLY)
_________________________________________________________________
Question 3. Essay writing (10p.)
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?

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 Face-to-face communication is better than other types of communication such as
letters, e-mail, or telephone calls.
Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
You should write about 250 words.
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-THE END-

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