Republic of the Philippines Table 1.

Examples of Communication Medium

Department of Education Directions/Instructions:
Region III – Central Luzon The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets:
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CITY OF BALANGA 1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put
BATAAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
SCHOOL paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
City of Balanga, Bataan 2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the task
your answers.
LECTURE in MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY 4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facili
Quarter 1 - Week 1, Describe how communication is are through with it, as instructed.
influenced by media and information
(MIL11/12IMILIIIa-1) Exercises/Activities:
In this fast-paced, technology-driven time, we are
Activity 1: Different kinds of media
bombarded with various information here and there, in the
convenience of a click, right in the comforts of our very own With communicating, we make use of different channels so as
homes. Being Senior High School students, you are expected to to convey and/or exchange information. Imagine a typical day
be literate, not just in terms of numbers and letters, but to be able in your life as a Senior High School Student. Identify and list
to fully grasp up to what extent information may be used and down ten (10) different kinds of media that you use in order to
distributed. communicate information. The first one is done for you.
But first, we need to take a close look at the ways by Table 2. Different Kinds of Media Used Daily
which we use, and eventually distribute information. Hence, we
Media Used
will look into communication and its medium. Take a look at the
picture below. 1. Cellular Mobile Phones
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Photo Credit: ps://huddle.eurostarsoftwaretesting.com/lessons-learnt-
effective-communication/

The picture above depicts how each individual communicate at Activity 2: Identification of the uses of Media
different levels, at different forms. Each one of us has a personal From the list that you have identified from activity 1, identify
concept of communication. Communication is broadly defined as the of the specific media listed if it is (A)Source of Information,
the imparting and exchanging of information or news (Retrieved (B) Medium of Communication, (C)Both. The first one is done
from for you.
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/communication on Table 3. Identification of Media and its Use
October 31, 2018).
In order to communicate, we use different medium of Media Used Use of Media
communication to carry out the message we want to convey.
There are various outlets that we can use in order to deliver our 1. Cellular Mobile Phones (B) Medium of Communication
message. Few of the examples are listed below. 2.
3.
Communication 4.
Medium How it Works
Conversation Person to person interaction using one’s voice as 5.
the tool to deliver the message. 6.
One to many interaction using one’s voice as the 7.
Public tool to deliver the message to a large number of
8.
Speaking people, at any
given time. 9.
Documents/ Written messages in whatever form, usually on 10.
Letters/ Mails paper and print.
Messages rendered in the form of paintings,
Visual Art drawings, photography, videos, images, and the
like, that conveys
specific emotion, idea or thought.
Physical things such as tarpaulin billboards,
Physical posters, in- package information contained in
Medium product packaging, and the like.
Digital and electronic means to convey messages
1Digital/
|Page such as website or computer application,
Interactive primarily by the use of internet.
Quarter 1 - Week 2, Identify the similarities and differences
between and among media literacy, information literacy, and
technology literacy (MIL11/12IMILIIIa-2)
From the example done for you, a Cellular Mobile Phone with
simple call and text features is an example of a medium of
communication, because it allows you to communicate and reach
out to others. However, Smart Phones which are types of mobile
phones having the multi-purpose features of communication,
multimedia functionality, wireless communication like
Bluetooth and wi-fi, is an example of both a source of
information and a medium of communication. Needless to say, a
smart phone can be used as a medium to communicate to other
people from across the globe, and if loaded with cellular data,
can surf the internet hence, a potential source of information.
Now that we have discussed the interrelationship of media and
communication, we will examine the different concepts that will
be used in this subject. We will build your definition on the
following key concepts, as referenced from the Teaching Guide
of Media and Information Literacy formulated by the CHED in
collaboration with the Philippine Normal University:
A. Literacy- The ability to identify, understand,
interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printed and
written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy
involves a continuum of learning, wherein individuals are able to
achieve their goals, develop their knowledge and potential, and
participate fully in their community and wider society.
B. Media- The physical objects used to
communicate with or the mass communication through physical
objects such as radio, television, computers, film, etc. It also
refers to any physical object used to communicate messages.
C. Media Literacy- The ability to access, analyze,
evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms. It aims to
empower citizens by providing them with the competencies
(knowledge and skills) necessary to engage with traditional
media and new technologies.
D. Information- A broad term that covers processed
data, knowledge derived from study, experience, instruction,
signals or symbols.
E. Information Literacy- The ability to recognize when
information is needed, and to locate, evaluate, and effectively
communicate information in its various formats.
F. Technology (Digital) Literacy- The ability of an
individual, either working independently or with others, to
responsibly, appropriately, and effectively use technological
tools. Using these tools an individual can access, manage,
integrate, evaluate, create and communicate information.
G. Media and Information Literacy- The essential
skills and competencies that allow individuals to engage with
media and other information providers effectively, as well as
develop critical thinking and life-long learning skills to socialize
and become active citizens.
Figure 1. The interrelationship of the different concepts of Media and
Information Literacy.
Directions/Instructions:
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets:
2|Page
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the task
your answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facili
are through with it, as instructed.
Exercises/Activities:
Activity 1: Case Analysis
With the concept given above, let us now test your comprehension.
Answer the activity
that follows.
Given below are situations that depict a specific literacy that an
individual exhibits. Identify if it is Media Literacy, Information
Literacy, Technology (Digital) Literacy, or Media and Information
Literacy. The first one is done for you.
Table 4. Case Analysis on different literacies
Situation Literacy
Ashley, a Grade 11 student of Gintong Tubig
Senior High School is proficient in using her i7
processor laptop with so much ease and Technology
comfort. In fact, she is accustomed to use it to (Digital)Literacy
create powerful PowerPoint presentations
during graded class reporting.
In order to add related literature to his Practical
Research project, Donnie accesses Google
Scholar, and reads through various journals and
studies that may help him in his research.
One of the Performance Task for the
Midterms of the Grade 11 Jenner class of
Mabuhay Senior High School is to create a
short film highlighting their advocacy on
Human Trafficking. The class used the Quik
™ app to edit their video.
The Grade 12- Patience class of Ms. Apolonio
have registered themselves to an online portal
called Edmodo, in order to connect themselves
periodically, share assignments, and even
collaboratively work on a project, without
meeting face to face.
Sybil constantly purchases load credits for
her mobile phone in order to send emails
and messages to her teacher in Media and
Information Literacy.
As part of the various social media activities of
David, a Grade 12 HUMSS student, he
periodically shares news bits from credible
online sources, then tag his friends who may be
interested with the information.
Mr. Dingal requires his Grade 11 students to
prepare PowerPoint Presentation or other
presentation tools when doing graded class
reporting.
In order to convey his stand on various social
issues involving his peers, Marla uses her Twitter
and Facebook accounts to air her sentiments and
opinions.
From the example given above, Ashley exemplified literacy
in the use of technology, specifically the use of her i7
 processor laptop. The i7 processor laptop is a form of Source:
technology, so the answer is Technology (Digital) Technology. Empowerment Technologies
DIWA Senior High School Series
Now that you have concretely conceptualized the
similarities and differences of the literacies enumerated above, Empowerment Technologies
we will now integrate the value of being literate in media and Innovative Training Works, Inc.
information to your life as a Senior High School student.
Part of integrating values to your learning towards Quarter 1 - Week 3, Discuss responsible use of media and
becoming a literate in media and information is an inventory information

There are a number of media uses, each can either be a

source of information, or the communication medium itself. We
have also defined several literacy terms, one of which is
Information Literacy, which will be discussed in-depth in this
lesson.
of your media habit, lifestyle and preferences. This means that Generated by Marilou L. Lora from
you will assess your personal schedule and list down your https://bigcrunch.io/v/nAEdNnc7nssE4Xi77EhSJg
common online activities and quantify it as to the number of
hours you have spent engaged for the specific activity. The
 Why do we need information?
table below shows an example of a common response.
 Where do we search for information?
Table 5. Example of a Weekly Inventory of Media Habit,  How do we acquire and store information?
Lifestyle and Preferences  How do we use the information that we have?
Media/information Provider Number of Hours in a week (168
 How will we communicate the information that we
hours/week) have acquired?
Table 7. Stages/ Elements of Information Literacy
Youtube 3 hours
STAGES WHAT IS STAGES IS
Facebook 12 hours ABOUT?
Television, Radio 20 hours 1 Identifying/ recognizing The realization that there
information needs arise a need or a problem
Books 10 hours exists that requires
information, for its
Others: pep.ph, google.com 10 hours satisfactory resolution.

TOTAL NUMBER OF HOURS/ WEEK 55 hours 2 Determining sources of Know how to determine if
information the needed information
exists, and to source out
Activity 2: Synthesizing your Learning from varied avenues.

Answer the following questions based on your learning. Be brief 3 Citing or searching for Know how to find needed
and concise. information information, to give credits
1. From your own point of view, make a list that describes to the source of the
information.
a person who is literate in media and information. Write down at
least five (5) characteristics. 4 Analyzing and evaluating Know how to fully
a. the quality of information understand found
b. information, or know where
c. to go for help if needed to
d. understand, and to assess
e. the accuracy and reliability
of the information acquired.
2. Of the list that you have enumerated in your Weekly
Online Activities Log, which media provider did you spend the 5 Organizing, storing or Know how to preserve,
most time? And what role does this media provider play in your archiving information store, reuse, record and
life as a SHS student? archive information for
future use, or to dispose of
_____________________________________________________ information no longer
_____________________________________________________ needed, and safeguard
_____________________________________________________ information that should be
_____________________________________________________ protected.
_____________________________________________________
6 Using information in an Know how to utilize
3. Looking at the total number of hours you have spent on ethical, efficient and information to solve
online activities per week, do you think the figure is essential for effective way problem, make decision, or
your to be able to be media and information literate individual? meet need.

_____________________________________________________ 7 Creating and Know how to communicate

_____________________________________________________ communicating new and present information to
_____________________________________________________ knowledge others in appropriate, usable
formats/ mediums.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________

3|Page
 Directions/Instructions:
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets:
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put unnecessary
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator once you
are through with it, as instructed.
Exercises/Activities:
Activity 1: Social Media Scenario:
You have seen the viral video in social media about a senior
high school student bullying another student within the school
premises. There had been so much concerns circulating in the
online world about the identity of the parties involved, one of
which claims that the school is playing favorites between the
parties, and favoring the bully in the video. As an active social
media user, you want to exhibit you’re being a media and
information literate individual, the following table below outlines
the task that you will have to take in order to come up with an
informative post relative to the viral issue at hand. Let us move on
further as you answer the following activity to enhance your
capacities in passing opinion as to the daily life situations you are
facing involving information literacy as a Senior High student.
Information needs
(What information do you need?)
Sources of information
(Where will you get them?)
Access to the information
(How will you access them?)
Evaluate information
(How will you check the quality of
information?)
Organize information
(How will you organize and store them?)
Communicate information
(How will you create and communicate
them?)
Activity 2: Situational Simulation
You are given an opportunity to interview personally the mayor
of the city where you live in. In this case, write down at least
five (5) questions that you would want to ask the mayor.
Quarter 1 - Week 4, Explain how the evolution of media
from traditional to new media shaped
the values and norms of people and society
The Difference Between Traditional Media and New Media
Let us try to compare this traditional media
in the view of how this Media being part in our daily lives today.
As we continually interacting, listening and exchanging ideas to
each and every one. The New media is much appreciated and
completely being use in different form of communications. It
allows its users to give their opinions instantly. Take a look at
the illustration below for you to come up with the total
distinction or similarity.
4|Page
Media and Government
Authoritarian Theory
Authoritarian theory describe that all forms of c
are under the control of the governing elite or authorities or
influential bureaucrats.
Authoritarians are necessary to control the media to protect and
prevent the people from the national threats through any form
communication (information or news). The press is an
instrument to enhance the ruler’s power in the country rather
than any threats.
Soviet Media Theory
The Soviet Union was restructured with new political system
based on the Marxist-Leninist principles. The newly formed
communist party by Lenin shows much interest in the media
which serves to the working class in the country and their
welfares. So the Soviet originates a theory from Marxist,
Leninist and Stalinist thoughts, with mixture of Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich Hegel ideology is called “Soviet Media Theory” is also
known as
“The Communist Media Theory”. The same theory was
developed and followed by Adolf Hitler’s Nazi in Germany and
Benito Mussolini in Italy.
Marxist Theory
The basis upon which our analysis, perspectives, programme,
and participation in the movement are based. It is our “guide to
action” and is why the International Marxist Tendency places so
much emphasis on political education.
Marxist Theory and Leninist Theory
The crimes we shall expose are to be judged not by the standards
of Communist regimes, but by the unwritten code of the natural
laws of humanity.
Stalinist Theory
The method of rule, or policies, of Joseph Stalin, Soviet
Communist Party and state leader from 1929 until his death in
1953. Stalinism is associated with a regime of terror and
totalitarian rule
GeorgandWilhelm
new media,
Friedrich Hegel
German philosopher who developed a dialectical scheme that
emphasized the progress of history and of ideas from thesis to
antithesis and thence to a synthesis.
Libertarian Theory
Sees people are more enough to find and judge good ideas from
bad. The theory says people are rational and their rational
thoughts lead them to find out what are good and bad. The press
should not restrict anything even a negative content may give
knowledge and can make better decision whilst worst situation.
The libertarian thoughts are exactly against or opposite to the
authoritarian theory which means the authoritarian theory says
“all forms of communication works under the control of
government or elite like king”.
Quarter 1 - Week 5, Compare and contrast how one
Social Responsibility Theory particular issue or news is presented through the different
Allows free press without any censorship but at the same time types of media
the content of the press should be discussed in public panel and
media should accept any obligation from public interference or Media is the term we use to refer to different types of media that
professional self-regulations or both. The theory lies between provide us with important information and knowledge. Media
both authoritarian theory and libertarian theory because it gives has always been part of our society, even when people used
total media freedom in one hand but the external controls in paintings and writings to share information. As time passed,
other hand. people came up with different modes to provide news to the
public. Based on the type of medium, their role may be
Directions/Instructions: different, but they all exist to communicate to the audience and
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets: affect their perceptions. Today, we don’t have to travel oceans or
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do notwait
put for
unnecessary
a pigeon to get the latest news
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator once you
are through with it, as instructed.

Exercises/Activities:
Print Media
Activity 1: Picture Analysis This type of news media used to be the only way of delivering
information to the public. For the generations of the 80s and 90s,
print media was the only media of entertain. People relied on
newspapers and magazines to learn everything, from recipes and
entertainment news to important information about the country
or the world. Print media includes:

Guide Questions:

1. What is the picture all about?

2. Why do you think these people participated in this event?
3. If given the chance, will you join this rally? Why or why not?

Activity 2: Function of Media and Government

Broadcast Media
Broadcast media describes the traditional forms of media that
Provide answers and fill in the table about the Function of Media
include television and radio. Technically, the term ‘broadcast
and Government.
media’ can include the internet as well and even such things as
Bluetooth marketing and other forms of location-based
Normative Media Control Functions of
transmissions.
theories of the Media
(Source: https://www.openpr.com/wiki/broadcast-media)
press
This means to communicate or transmit a signal, a message, or
Authoritarian content, such as audio or video programming, to numerous
Soviet Media recipients simultaneously over a communication network. To
Libertarian make knows over a wide area.(Source:
Social https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Broadcast+media)
Responsibility

Source:
Empowerment Technologies
DIWA Senior High School Series

Empowerment Technologies
Innovative Training Works, In

5|Page
 communications companies employ digitization and computer
networking to work together

Film / Cinema
The Term ‘Film’ is commonly applied to movies
of an artistic or educational nature and is not expected to
have broad, commercial appeal. According to Wikipedia,
a film is created by photographing actual scenes with a
motion picture camera; by photographing drawings or
miniature models using traditional animation techniques; Mass Media and Media Effects
by means of computer animation; or by a combination of
some or all of these techniques and other visual effects. It (Source: https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/
Mass Media Refers to the various ways, especially
article/media-convergence). television, radio, newspapers, and
is a series of images, which when displayed on screen,
create an illusion of moving images by the phi magazines, by which information and
(Source: Gleonhard, https://search.creativecommons.
news are given to large numbers of
phenomenon. org/photos/d509277b-ae9f-4fdf-89ca-24115df912c6)
people.
(Source:https://
www.collinsdictionary.com/
(Source:
dictionary/english/mass-media)
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org
Media Effects Are the intended or unintended
)
consequences of what the mass media
does?
(Denis McQuail, 2010)

Media Effects
Video Games / Digital Games
Third – party Theory
Any of various interactive games played using a specialized
electronic gaming device or a computer or mobile device and a People think they are
television or other display screen, along with a means to control more immune to media
graphic images. influence than others.
Behavioral hypothesis
predicts that third-
Source: superk8nyc,
person perception (i.e.,
https://search.creativecommons.
seeing others as more
org/photos/77dd5caf-ab32-4dfa-8aca-
influenced) will lead to
71c56715dade
support for restrictions
(Source: on media messages.
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org Reciprocal Effect

When a person or event

gets media attention, it
New Media influences the way the
person acts or the way
Defines “new media” as “forms of communicating in the digital Mixer, the event functions.
world, which includes publishing... most significantly, over the https://search.creativecommons.org/phot
Internet. It implies that the user obtains the material via desktop os/ c2ca765b-46f5-48bc-8c08-
and laptop computers, smartphones and tablets. Every 5b4cc2628b6c
company in the developed world is involved with new media.” Boomerang Effect
PC Magazine
Refers to media-induced
change that is counter to
the desired change.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:PSM_V78_
D198_Boomerang_effect_caused_by_ext
reme_ arcing.png
Cultivation Theory
(George Gerbner)
(Source: https://ddunleavy.typepad.com/new_ media/2016/03/what-is-
new-media.html) It state media exposure,
(Source: https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org) specifically to
television, shapes our
Media Convergence rawpixel.com/ social reality by giving
Media convergence is a term that can refer to either: 1) the https://www.freepik.com/free- us a distorted view on
merging of previously distinct media technologies and media vector/character-illustration-people- the amount of violence
forms due to digitization and computer networking; or 2) an with-analog- tv- and risk in the world
icons_3425182.htm#query=Watching
economic strategy in which the media properties owned by
%20 Television&position=25

6|Page
 Agenda-setting Theory Exercises/Activities:
(Lippmann/ McCombs Activity 1: Character Analysis
and Shaw) How is this person portrayed in public by different types of
media
Process whereby the
mass media determine
what we think and
worry about.
Macrovector/ https://www.freepik.com/
free-vector/media-flat-set_2868633.
htm#page=1&query=Media&position=2

Propaganda
Ideas or statements that are often false or exaggerated and that
are spread in order to help a cause, a political leader, a
Guide Questions:
government, etc.
1. What do these two personalities have one in common?
2. How did they become the “Queen of All Media?

(http:// Write an essay about your analysis and evaluation of the

www.merriamwebster.com/ effects of media to the Filipino youth.
dictionary/propaganda Your essay must have a title, an introduction, a body paragraph
(1 main argument with 2 examples), and a conclusion. Not less
Source:https://
ccsearch.creativecommons.org/
than 12 sentences
photos/a2052497-0af1-4b77-
915b-70f6ffd4d016

Be Aware of Propaganda
 Propaganda manipulates and diverts you from logical
analysis of issues.
 Propaganda hides the truth.
 By understanding propaganda, you will be able to
protect yourself from deceitful tactics.

How to Spot a Propaganda

Propaganda…
 Distorts and oversimplify evidence
 Shows internal inconsistency after examining facts

Quarter 1 - Week 6, Contrast indigenous media to the more

common sources of information

Information can come from virtually anywhere — media, blogs,

personal experiences, books, journal and magazine articles,
expert opinions, encyclopedias, and web pages — and the type
of information you need will change depending on the question
you are trying to answer. Look at the following sources of
information. Notice the similarities between them.
Source:VirginiaTechLibrary (http://ufh.za.libguides.com/c.php?
g=91523&p=590868)

Library
Source: https://www.ifla.org/publications/node/11174 A place in which literary, musical, artistic, or reference materials
(such as books, manuscripts, recordings, or films) are kept for
Directions/Instructions: use but not for sale.
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets: (Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/library)
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put unnecessary
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of Modern Library Interiors - Decoration Ideas in 2016
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator once you
are through with it, as instructed.

7|Page

Indigenous Knowledge
Knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society. IK
contrasts with the international knowledge system generated by
universities, research institutions and private firms. (Warren
1991)
This would include as follows:
 local knowledge
 knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society
 owned, controlled, and managed by indigenous peoples
in order for them to develop and produce culturally
appropriate information in the languages understood by
the community
Characteristics of Indigenous Knowledge
 oral tradition of communication
 store information in memories
 information exchange is face to face
 information is contained within the border of the
community
Types of Information
Source: http://iupui.campusguides.com/c.php?g=583319&p=4027829
Books
Cover virtually any topic, fact or fiction Useful for the complete
background on an issue or an in-depth analysis of a theory or
person. Can take years to publish, so may not always include the
most current information
Source: Daria, Nepriakhina,
https://unsplash.com/ photos/xY55bL5mZAM
Source: James L.W, https://unsplash.com/photos/ o3sl4dhYhZE
Reference Books
Include facts, figures, addresses, statistics, definitions, dates, etc.
Useful for finding factual or statistical information or for a brief
overview of a particular topic.
Examples: dictionaries, encyclopedia
Newspapers (News Resource)
8|Page
Provides very current information about events, people, or
places at the time they are published. Useful for information on
current events or to track the development of a story as it
unfolds.
Examples: The New York Times, manila bulletin, Philippine
Star, Daily Inquirer
Magazines
Include articles on diverse topics of popular interest and current
events. Articles typically written by journalists or professional
writers Geared toward the general public.
Examples: Time, Newsweek, National
Geographic
Source: Charisse ,Kenion , https://unsplash.com/photos/ cJkVMAKDYl0
Academic Journals
Includes articles written by and for specialists/experts in a
particular field. Articles must go through a peer review process
before they’re accepted for publication. Articles tend to have a
narrower focus and more analysis of the topic than those in other
types of publications. Include cited references or footnotes at the
end of research articles.
Examples: Journal of Communication, The Historian, Journal of
the American Medical Association
Source: Charisse ,Kenion , https://unsplash.com/photos/ cJkVMAKDYl0
Internet
An electronic communications network that connects computer
networks and organizational computer facilities around the
world.
(Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/ dictionary/Internet
The Internet is by far the most popular source of information and
the preferred choice for news ahead of television, newspapers
and radio, according to a new poll in the United States.
(Source: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-media- internet-life/internet-most-
popular-information-source- poll-idUSTRE55G4XA20090617)
Examples: Google.com. Facebook.com
Evaluating Information
by Eastern Kentucky University Libraries based on the work of
Paul and Elder
1.
 2. Encode the information on a short bond paper,
2. identify the source of information.
3. Interview your guardian or one of your direct
family and find out if these cultural beliefs or
practices are still known and being valued by
their generation. (Example 3 out of 10…)
3.

4.

5.

Quarter 1 - Week 7, Present an issue in varied ways to

Directions/Instructions: disseminate information using the codes, convention, and
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets: language of media
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put unnecessary (MIL11/12IMILIIIa-7)
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. CODES are systems of signs which when put together
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing thecreate
tasks and checking
meaning. There are three types of media codes: symbolic
your answers. codes, technical codes and written codes. Conventions are the
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. rules, habits or generally accepted ways of doing things. Now
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator
we will lookonce
at you
these in detail by examining the table below
are through with it, as instructed.

Exercises/Activities:
Activity 1: Picture Analysis

Guide Questions:
1. 1. What is a library?

2. 2. Why do you think

every school has a 1. SYMBOLIC CODES
library? - include the language, dress or actions of characters, or
iconic symbols that are easily understood. For example, a
red rose may be used symbolically to convey romance, or a
clenched fist may be used to communicate anger. Symbolic
codes in media include setting, mise en scene, acting and color.

Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/hands- heart-

couple-woman-man-1150073/

Activity 2: Performance task

Instructions:
1. Interview two elders coming from two families.
Ask about cultural beliefs or practices in the
community valued by the elders. Identify and
gather information to at least two cultural beliefs
or practices.
9|Page

Setting is the time and place of the narrative. A
setting can be as big as the galaxy or space, or as
small as a specific room. Setting can even be a
created atmosphere or frame of mind.
Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/sunset-
panorama-dusk-nature-3084651/
Mise en scene means ‘everything within the
frame’. In media terms it has become to mean the
description of all the objects within a frame of the
media product and how they have been arranged. An
analysis of mise en scene includes: Set Design,
Costume, Props, and Staging and Composition
Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/ caf
%C3%A9-piazza-san-marco-86681/
Color has highly cultural and strong
connotations. When studying the use of color in
a media product the different aspects to be looked at
are: Dominant color, Contrasting foils, and Color
symbolism.
Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/crystal-
ball- photography-ball-lights-3894871/
Acting. Actors portray characters in media
products and contribute to character development,
creating tension or advancing the narrative. The actor
portrays a character through:
Facial expression, Body Language, Vocal qualities,
Movement, and Body contact.
Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/people-
play-costumes-acting-691440/
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2. TECHNICAL CODES
- include sound, camera angles, types of shots and
lighting. They may include, for example, ominous music to
communicate danger in a feature film, or high-angle camera
shots to create a feeling of power in a photograph. Technical
codes in media may include Camerawork, Editing, Audio
and Lighting.
Camerawork refers to how the camera is operated,
positioned and moved for specific effects. Camerawork includes:
Positioning, Movement, Framing, Exposure, and Lens choice
Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/photo-edit- picture-
photography-2298945/
Editing is the process of choosing, manipulating and
arranging images and sound.
Image credit: https://unsplash.com/photos/EWaoo- i7qIs
Audio is the expressive or naturalistic use of sound. The
three aspects of audio are: Dialogue, Sound effects, and Music.
Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/micro- mixing-audio-
sound-radio-4520681/
Lighting is the manipulation of natural or artificial light
to selectively highlight specific elements of the scene.
Elements of lighting include: Quality, Direction, Source,
& Colour.
https://www.pexels.com/photo/photo-studio-with- white-
wooden-framed-wall-mirror-134469/
 Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/rock-
music- artist-concert-2658355/

3. WRITTEN CODES
These are the formal written language used in a media
product. Written codes include printed language which is
the text you can see within the frame and how it is being
presented, and also spoken language, which includes
dialogue and song lyrics.
Directions/Instructions:
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets:
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the task
your answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facili
are through with it, as instructed.

Exercises/Activities:
Activity 1: POST CARD
Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/micro-mixing-audio-
Below is a postcard of the Mt. Samat. Identify the key
sound-radio-4520681/
symbolic and technical codes of it. What information about
Bataan is communicated through the use of these codes? What
information is omitted?
CONVENTIONS are accepted ways of using media codes.
Conventions are closely connected to the audience
expectations of a media product. Different types of
conventions include form conventions, story conventions
and genre conventions

1. FORM CONVENTION
are the certain ways we expect types of media codes to
be arranged. For instance, an audience expects to have a title
of the film at the beginning, and then credits at the end.
Newspapers will have the headline or the most important
news on the front page and sports news on the back page.
Video games usually start with a tutorial to explain the
mechanics of how the game works.

Activity 2: CREATE A POST CARD

Draw a postcard for a place or organization of your
choice using any material that is available to you. What key
technical and symbolic codes would you use to convey
important information and create the desired impression?

Image credit: https://pixabay.com/photos/micro-

mixing-audio-sound-radio-4520681/

2. STORY CONVENTION
are common narrative structures and understandings
that are common in story telling media products. Examples
of story conventions include: Narrative structures, Cause
and effect, Character construction, and Point of View.
3. GENRE CONVENTION
point to the common use of images, characters, settings
or themes in a particular type of medium. Genre
conventions are closely linked with audience expectations.
Genre conventions can be formal or thematic.

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 Quarter 1 - Week 8 - Cite practical situation when to
apply knowledge in intellectual property, copy right,
and fair use guidelines
(MIL11/12IMILIIIa-8)

COPYRIGHT
Copyright could be a variety of protection provided by
the laws of the us (title seventeen, U.S. Code) to the authors of
“original works of authorship,” together with literary, dramatic,
musical, artistic, and bound different intellectual works. This
protection is obtainable to each revealed and unpublished works.
 Set of rights granted the author
 Creator of a piece, to limit others ability to repeat
 Redistribute and reshape the content.
Related Issues
A copy right protects solely original works of
“authorship” enclosed within the following seven categories:

 Literary works (including pc programs),

 Musical works, together with any incidental words,
 Dramatic works, together with any incidental music,
 Pantomimes and dance works, Pictorial, graphic, and
sculptural
 works,
 Motion photos and different audiovisual works,
 Sound recordings.

FAIR USE
Refers to the limitation and to the prerogative
granted by copyright law to the author of an ingenious
work. samples of use embrace statement, search engines,
criticism, news coverage, research, teaching, library
archiving and scholarship.

PLAGIARISM
Copying or closely imitating the work of another
author, composer, etc., while not permission and with the
intention of passing the results off as original work.

Directions/Instructions:
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets:
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put unnecessary
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator once you
are through with it, as instructed.

Exercises/Activities:
Activity 1:
Read the article and answer the questions after.

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Questions: Types of Bullying
There are three types of bullying:
1. According to the article, how did Solis redeem himself?  Verbal bullying is saying or writing means
What job did he have? things. Verbal bullying includes:
2. What project did he help? o Teasing
3. What is there to learn about the life of Solis? o Name-calling
4. If you were Solis what will you do in real life situation o Inappropriate sexual comments
about his case? o Taunting
o Threatening to cause harm
 Social bullying, sometimes referred to as relational
bullying, involves hurting someone’s reputation or
Quarter 1 - Week 9 Create a campaign add to combat digital relationships. Social bullying includes:
divide, addiction, and bullying o Leaving someone out on purpose
o Telling other children not to be friends with someone
Digital Divide
o Spreading rumors about someone
Digital divide could be a term that refers to the gap o Embarrassing someone in public
between demographics and regions that have access to trendy
 Physicalbullying involves hurting a person’s body
info and technology, and people that do not or have restricted
or possessions. Physical bullying includes:
access. Before the late twentieth century, digital divide referred
prin- cipally to the division between those with and without o Hitting/kicking/pinching
phone access. o Spitting
The digital divide generally exists between those in cities and o Tripping/pushing
people in rural areas; between the educated and the uneducated;
between socioeconomic groups; and, globally, between the more o Taking or breaking someone’s things
and less industrially developed nations. Even among populations o Making mean or rude hand gestures
with some access to technology, the digital divide can be evident  What Is Cyberbullying
in the form of lower-performance computers, lower-speed
wireless connections, low- er-priced connections such as dial-up,  Cyberbullying, according to
and limited access to subscription-based content (Rouse, 2014) stopbullying.com (2019), is bullying that
Computer Addiction takes place over digital devices like cell
A disorder in which the individual turns to the Internet or plays phones, computers, and tablets.
computer games to change moods, overcome anxiety, deal with Cyberbullying can occur through SMS, Text,
depression, reduce isolation or loneli- ness, or distract and apps, or online in social media, forums,
themselves from overwhelming problems. The elderly, as well as or gaming where people can view, participate
children and adolescents, are particularly vulnerable because in, or share content. Cyberbullying includes
they may not realize the extent of their dependency. In many sending, posting, or sharing negative,
instances, individuals with computer ad- diction may seek help harmful, false, or mean content about
for another condition, such as depression, phobias or other someone else. It can include sharing personal
addictions (Shiel, 2018). or private information about someone else
Bullying causing embarrassment or humiliation. Some
cyberbullying crosses the line into unlawful
Stopbullying.org (2019) defines bullying as unwanted, or criminal behavior.
aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves
The most common places where cyberbullying occurs
a real or perceived power imbalance. The be- havior is
are:
repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, over time. Both
kids who are bullied and who bully others may have serious, • Social Media, such as Facebook, Instagram,
lasting problems. Snapchat, and Twitter
In order to be considered bullying, the behavior must be
aggressive and include: • SMS (Short Message Service) also known as Text
Message sent through devices
 An Imbalance of Power: Kids who bully use their • Instant Message (via devices, email
power—such as physical strength, access to provider services, apps, and social media
embarrassing information, or popularity—to control messaging features)
or harm others. Power imbalances can change over
time and in different situ- ations, even if they involve • Email
the same people.

 Repetition: Bullying behaviors happen more than once

or have the potential
to happen more than once.
Bullying includes actions such as making threats, spreading
rumors, attacking someone physically or verbally, and excluding
someone from a group on purpose.

13 | P a g e
Directions/Instructions:
The following are some reminders in using this activity sheets:
1. Use the activity sheets with care. Do not put unnecessary
mark/s on any part of the activity sheets. Use a separate sheet of
paper in answering the exercises (if necessary).
2. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
3. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
5. Return this activity sheet to your teacher/facilitator once you
are through with it, as instructed.

Exercises/Activities:
Activity 1: Different kinds of media
With communicating, we make use of different channels so as
to convey and/or exchange information. Imagine a typical day
in your life as a Senior High School Student. Identify and list
down ten (10) different kinds of media that you use in order to
communicate information. The first one is done for you.
Activity 2:
1. Cite one example in your school or community of
teenagers who have experienced computer
addiction. What happen them? Have they
recovered from their addiction?
2. Give one suggestion to avoid cyber bullying. Give one
suggestion to avoid being a cyber bully.

Source:
Empowerment Technologies
DIWA Senior High School Series

Empowerment Technologies
Innovative Training Works, Inc.

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