Bharathidasan University Tamil Guide 3 Semester

ÔVºkˆ
>tμ cÁ´
ghujpjhrd; gy;fiyf;fof
,sq;fiy> ,sk;gl;l tFg;GfSf;FhpaJ
(gp.ypl;.>gp.V.>gp.fhk;.>gp.gp.V.>gp.v];rp.>)
÷´ı¶VD gı| á J[≈VD √ÚkD
√´\EkD √]©√ÔD
Â[M\∫ÔÈD, ÷ÈV_zΩ k‚¶D, ]ÚflE´V©√^π á 621 601.
∂ÁÈº√E : 96773 56345, 94860 61081.
Email : nvpvijayakumar@gmail.com
tpiy : &. 50/-

±_ sk´D
√]©AˆÁ\ : √´\EkD √]©√ÔD
x>_ √]©A : 2016 á 2017
]Ú›]B √]©A : 2018 á 2019
∂flÿƒø›m : 11 A^πÔ^
E}y; cUthf;f FO
∂flE‚º¶VÏ : p ƒV´>V ∏ˆı¶Ï¸, º\Èº>k>V™D, ]ÚflE á 2.

ÿkπX| : √´\EkD √]©√ÔD
Â[M\∫ÔÈD, ÷ÈV_zΩ k‚¶D,
]ÚflE´V©√^π \Vk‚¶D á 621 601.
∂ÁÈº√E ®ı : 96773 56345, 94860 61081.
nvpvijayakumar@gmail.com
sÁÈ : ‘. 50/-
nghUslf;fk;
thpir gf;f
ghlj;jiyg;Gfs;
vz; vz;
∂Èz á 1
1. EÈ©√]ÔV´D á ∂Á¶¬ÔÈ¬ ÔVÁ>
2. \Ëº\ÔÁÈ á EÁ≈¬ºÔV‚¶D
∂≈¬ºÔV‚¶\V¬˛B ÔVÁ>
3. ÊkÔ EÕ>V\Ë á s\ÁÈBVÏ ÷ÈD√ÔD
∂Èz á 2
4. ÔD√´V\VBD á zÔ© √¶ÈD
5. s_o √V´>D á cŸÔ[ #mfl ƒÚ¬ÔD
∂Èz á 3
6. ÿ√ˆB A´VD á ]ÚÂVÁ·©º√VkVÏ
ÂVB™VÏ A´VD
7. Ê≈V©A´VD á ~›>∫zÁÈ k´kÁw›> √¶ÈD
8. º>D√VkË á ¿Ï k´D ∂Á¶Õ> √¶ÈD
∂Èz á 4
9. ÂV¶ÔD á ƒV√D?... sº\Vƒ™D
∂Èz á 5
10. ÷È¬˛B k´ÈVÆ
(√¬] ÷È¬˛B∫Ô^, Eu§È¬˛B∫Ô^,
ÔV©∏B∫Ô^ á ÷´‚Á¶¬ ÔV©∏B∫Ô^,
ÂV¶Ô ÷È¬˛B∫Ô^)
11. \V]ˆ s™V›>V^
myF I
1. rpyg;gjpfhuk;
milf;fyf; fhij
jkpopy; Njhd;wpa Kjy; fhg;gpak; rpyg;gjpfhuk; MFk;.
rpyk;G + mjpfhuk; = rpyg;gjpfhuk; MFk;. ,ay;> ,ir> ehlfk;
Mfpa %d;Wk; epiwe;j Kj;jkpo;f; fhg;gpakhFk;. ,jpy; ,aw;if
tho;ji; j ,iwtho;jj ; hfg; ghbAs;shH ,sq;Nfhtbfs;. ,f;fhg;gpak;
GfhH fhz;lk; 10 fhijfs;> kJiuf;fhz;lk; 13 fhijfs;>
tQ;rpf;fhz;lk; 7 fhijfs; vd 30 fhijfis cilaJ. ghly;fs;
mftw;ghthy; MdJ. ,ay;> ,ir> ehlfk; Mfpa %d;Wk; epiwe;j
Kj; j kpo; f ; fhg; g pak; MFk; . rpyg; g jpfhuj; i j ghujpahH>
neQ;iras;Sk; rpyk;G vd;W Nghw;WfpwhH. Nfhtyd; fUiz
kwtdhf> nry;yhr; nry;tdhf> ,y;NyhH nrk;kyhf tho;e;j
rpwg;gpidAk;> fTe;jpabfs; fz;zfpia khjhpaplk; milf;fyk;
jUk; epfo;itAk; tpsf;Ffpw ghly;fs; ,f;fhijapy; mike;Js;sd.
E}yhrphpaH tuyhW :
tQ;rpia jiyefuhff; nfhz;L NruHfs; Mz;ldH. me;ehl;by;
nrq;Fl;Ltd; kd;ddhf Kb#Lk; Ntisapy; mq;F te;j Nrhjpld;
,e;ehl;il ,isatd; jhd; MsNtz;Lk; vd;whd;. ,sq;Nfhtbfs;
Nrhjplj;ij ngha;ahf;Ftjw;F jd;Dila ,sturd; vd;w gl;lj;ij
tpLj;Jj; JwTf;Nfhyk; G+z;lhH. jd; mz;zd; nrq;Fl;LtDld;
kiytsk; fhzr; nrd;whH. mq;F fz;zfpiag; gw;wpa nra;jpia
kiytho; kf;fs; nrhy;fpd;wdH. Nrud; nrq;Fl;LtDf;F ,r;nra;jp
Ghpahj epiyapy; rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhH fz;zfpiag; gw;wpa
KOikahd tuyhiw $wpdhH. ,t;tuyhiw ,sq;Nfhtbfs;
rpyg;gjpfhukhf vOjpdhH.
fhijapd; RUf;fk; :
Nfhtyd;> fz;zfp> fTe;jpabfs; Mfpa %tUk; kJiu
efuj;jpw;F tUfpd;wdH. mq;F cs;s Gwr;Nrhpapy; jq;Ffpd;wdH.
mq; N f kiwNahd; khlyid tUtijf; fz; L Nfhtyd;
tzq;fpdhd;. kiwNahid Nehf;fp ,q;F tu fhuzk; ahJ? vd;W
Nfl;fpwhd;. mjw;F khlyd; kzpNkfiyf;Fg; ngaH#l;L tpohit
gw;wp epidTgLj;jNt te;Js;Nsd; vd;whd;.
Nrho murdhy; jiyf;Nfhy; gl;lk; ngw;w khjtp Foe;ij
xd;iwg; ngw;nwLj;jhs;. mf;Foe;ijf;F KjpHe;j fzpifaH ey;y
ngaiur; #l;l Ntz;Lnkd Nfhtydplk; kfpo;r;rpahff; $wpdH.
1
mjidf;Nfl;l Nfhtyd; jd; FLk;gj;jpy; Kd;G ele;j epfo;r;rpia
$wj; njhlq;fpdhd;. Kd;G xUehs; ,Us; #o;e;j es;sputpy;
eLf;flypy; nrd;w vk; Kd;Ndhd; xUtdpd; kuf;fyk; cile;jJ.
mtd; fiuNaw topapd;wp jtpj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jhd;. Kw;gpwtpapy;
gy Gz;zpaq;fisr; nra;jhy; capH Nghfhky; rpy ehs;fs; ePhpy;
ePeJ
; f; nfhz;L ,Ue;jhd;. mtd;Kd; xU ngz; nja;tk; Njhd;wpaJ.
mJ ,e;jpud; Vtyhy; ehd; ,q;Fs;s xU jPtpy; tho;e;J tUfpNwd;.
vd; ngaH kzpNkfiy. eP mQ;rhNj! cd;idf; fhg;ghw;wNt
te;Js;Nsd;. eP nra;j Gz;zpaj;jpd; gad; cd;idtpl;L ePq;fhJ.
epr;rak; fhg;ghw;Wk;. ,f;flypy; ePej
; p ke;jpuj;jhy; fiuia miltha;
vd;W $wp mtd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fpaJ. mjdhy; vd; Kd;Ndhd;
gl;l Jd;gk; Nghf;f vd; Fynja;tj;jpd; ngaiuNa vd; kfSf;Fr;
#l;lNtz;Lk; vd;W Nfhtyd; $wpdhd;.
efug;gFjpapy; Kjpa me;jzd; jhdj;ijg; ngWk; Nehf;fj;Jld;
tUfpwhd;. mg;gFjpapy; ghfDf;F mlq;fhj kjahid xd;W
tUfpwJ. kf;fs; vy;NyhUk; gae;J XLfpd;wdH. ahidahdJ
Kjpatid jd; Jjpf;ifahy; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. mjidf; fz;L
Xa; vd xyp vOg; g p ahidapd; K d; gha; e ; J me; j zidf;
fhg;ghw;wpdha;. mjdhy; fUiz kwtd kwtd; vd;W rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lha;.
ghHg;gdpapd; fztd; jd; tPl;by; fPhpg;gps;isia tsHj;J
te;jhd;. mtDf;F xU Mz; gps;isAk; ,Ue;jJ. me;jzd; xU
ehs; ntspapy; nrd;W ,Ue;jhd;. ghHg;gdp iff;Foe;ijiaj;
njhl;bypy; J}q;f itj;Jtpl;L fPhpg;gps;isia fhtYf;F ,Uf;Fk;gb
nra;Jtpl;L ePuhlr; nrd;whs;. mt;Ntisapy; Foe;ijiaf; fbf;f
ghk;G tUtijf; fz;L fPhpg;gps;is ghk;igf; nfhd;wJ. ePuhbtpl;L
jpUk;gpa ghHg;gdp fPhpg;gps;isapd; tha; gFjpapy; ,uj;jk; tbtijf;
fz; l hs; . cz; i k mwpahky; jd; Foe; i jia fbj; J
nfhd;Wtpl;ljhf vz;zpf; fPhpg;gps;isiaf; nfhd;W tpLfpwhs;.
cz;ikia mwpe;jts; jtW nra;Jtpl;lNk vd tUe;jpdhs;.
ntspapy; nrd;wpUe;j fztd; tPL te;jJk; mtdplk; ele;jijf;
$wpdhs;.
jhd; tsHj;j fPhpg;gps;isia jd; kidtp nfhd;w Jauk;
jhq;fhky; mtistpl;L ePqf ; pdhd;. mg;ghtj;ijg; Nghf;fpf; nfhs;s
fq;ifapy; ePuhbtu tljpir Nehf;fpg; Gwg;gl;lhd;. ghHg;gdp jLj;Jf;
$wpAk; Vw;fhj mtd; cd; ifahy; czT cz;Zk; tho;f;if
Kiwaw;wJ vdf; $wpdhd;. ,jdhy; tUe;jpa mtd; kidtp
mtidj; jhDk; gpd; njhlHe;J nrd;whs;. mg;gbj; jd;id gpd;
njhlUk; kidtpaplk; me;jzd; tlnkhop thrfk; xd;iw vOjp
2
,jid fw;wwpe;j nghpNahHfsplk; nrd;W fhl;L vdf;$wp Vl;bidf;
nfhLj;Jtpl;Lg; gphpe;J nrd;whd;. me;j Vl;ilf; ifapy; Ve;jpa
ghHg;gdp G+k;Gfhhpy; gy ,lq;fspYk; miye;jhs;. vd; ghtj;ijg;
Nghf;fpg; Gz;zpak; ahuhtJ nra;Aq;fNsd; vd;W fjwp mOjhs;.
mtisf; fz;l Nfhtyd; eP mile;j Jd;gk; ahJ vdf; Nfl;lhd;.
mts; jd; Jd;gj;ij vLj;Jf; $wpdhs;. ,e;j Vl;ilg; ngw;Wf;
nfhz;L nghUisf; nfhLj;J vd;Dila fLe;Jahpid Nghf;Ff
vd Ntz;bdhs;. mtSf;F Ntz;ba nghUisf; nfhLj;jha;.
fq;iff;F ePuhlr; nrd;w mts; fztid mioj;J te;J mtSld;
NrHj;J itj;jha;. mjdhy; tw;whj nry;t tsKilatd; eP
vd;W miof;fg;gl;lha;.
gj;jpdpngz; xUj;jpapd;kPJ tPzhfg; ngha;g;gop xd;iw mts;
fztdplNk nrd;W xUtd; gy ngha; $wpdhd;. ,g;gbg; ngha;$wp
thOgtHfis ghrf; fapw;why; fl;bg; gpbj;J cz;Zk; G+jk; mtidg;
gpbj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. mjdhy; mtDila jha; kpfTk; tUe;jp
mOjhs; me;j jha;kdk; gLk; Jahpidf; fz;L Nfhtyd; kpfTk;
tUe;jpdhd;. clNd mg;G+jj;jplk; tpiue;J nrd;W vd;Dila
capiu vLj;Jf; nfhz;L ,tDila capiu tpl;LtpL vd;W
nfQ;rpdhd;. Mdhy; me;j G+jNkh xU jPatDf;fhf ey;ytd;
xUtd; capiuf; nfhy;Yjy; vk; tof;fky;y. eP Ngh vd;W $wp
me;j ngha;aidj; ju kWj;jJ. mg;G+jk; mj;jPatid mtd;
jhapd; fz;Kd;Nd mbj;Jf; nfhd;W jpd;wJ. ePNah tUe;jp mOk;
me;jj; jhAld; mts; tPL nrd;W mtSila cwtpdUf;Fk;>
neUq;fpatUf;Fk; cw;w JizNghy; epd;wha;. gy Mz;Lfs; mtHfs;
grp Jd;gk; kwe;jpUf;f cjtpfs; nra;J grpg;gpzpiag; Nghf;fpdha;.
,g;gb ,y;yhjtHfSf;F vy;yhk; cjtp nra;Ak; ,ay;Gila ,dpa
jiytd; eP. mjdhy; ,y;NyhH nrk;ky; vd rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lha;.
Jwtpfs; epiwe;J thOk; Gwg;gFjpahd FbapUg;gpy;
,af;fpnja;tk; cs;sJ. mj;nja;tj;jpw;F ghy;NrhW gilay;
nra;Jtpl;Lj; jpUk;Gfpwhs; khjhp. mq;Nf vjpH te;j fTe;jpabfisf;
fz;L if$g;gp tzq;fpdhs;. fTe;jpabfs; khjhpia Nehf;fp ehd;
nrhy;tijf; Nfl;ghahf. ,e;jg; ngz;Zila fztdpd; je;ijg;
ngaH Nfl;lhy;> ,e;j kJiu khefhpy; tho;fpd;w mtDila
Fyj;ijr; NrHj;j ngUk; tzpfH vy;yhk; ngUk; nry;tj;ijg;
ngw;wJNghy; ,q;F te;j fz;zfpiaj; jq;fs; tPl;Lf;F tpUe;jhf
tpUk;gp mioj;Jr; nry;tH. mg;gbg;gl;l caHe;j Fyg;ngUik
cilats;. ,tis mtHfs; te;J mioj;Jr; nry;Yk; tiu
cd;dplk; milf;fyk; nghUshf cd; ghJfhg;gpy; tpl;L itf;fpNwd;
vd;W $wpdhH.
3
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. rpyg;gjpfhuj;ij ,aw;wpatH ahH? ,sq;Nfhtbfs;
2. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; nkhj;jk; vj;jid fhijfs;? 30
3. rpyg;gjpfhuj;ij NtW vg;ngaHfspy; miog;gH?
Fbkf;fs; fhg;gpak;> Kj;jkpo;f; fhg;gpak;> %Nte;jH fhg;gpak;>
ehlff; fhg;gpak;> tuyhw;Wf;fhg;gpak;
4. rpyk;G $Wk; %d;W cz;ikfs; vd;d?
1. murpaypy; gpio nra;NjhHf;F mwNk $w;whFk; 2. gj;jpdpg;
ngz;fis caHe;NjhH Vj;JtH 3. Co;tpid cUj;Jte;J Cl;Lk;.
5. Nfhtyd; nra;j mwq;fis ghuhl;batd; ahH? khlyd;
6. khlyd; Nfhtyid vd;ndd;W Gfo;e;jhd;?
fUizkwtd;> nry;yhr; nrk;ky;> ,y;NyhH nrk;ky;
7. khjtpapd; kfs; ahH? kzpNkfiy
8. Nrho murdhy; jiyf;Nfhy; gl;lk; ngw;wts;? khjtp
9. kzpNkfiy vd;w ngaH te;j fhuzj;ij Nfhtyd; $WtJ vd;d?
Kd;G xUehs; es;sputpy; eLf;flypy; nrd;wNghJ vk; Kd;Ndhd;
xUtdpd; kuf;fyk; cile;jJ. mtd; fiuNaw topapd;wp jtpj;Jf;
nfhz;L ,Ue;jhd;. mg;NghJ kzpNkfiy nja;tk; Njhd;wp mtidf;
fhg;ghw;wpaJ. mtd; epidthf jd; kfSf;F kzpNkfiy vd;w
ngaiu itj;Njd;.
10. kzpNkfiyia vj;jid fzpifaH tho;j;jpdH? 1000
11. NfhtyDf;F fUiz kwtd; vd;w ngaH te;j fhuzk; ahJ?
Kjpatiu jhf;f te;j ahidiaf; nfhy;yhky; mlf;fpAk;>
me;jzdpd; capiuf; fhg;ghw;wpa fhuzj;jhy; NfhtyDf;F fUiz
kwtd
kwtd; vd;w ngaH te;jJ.
12. khlyd; tljpiria Nehf;fpr; nry;yf; fhuzk; vd;d?
jd; gps;isiag; ghk;gplkpUe;J fhg;ghw;wpa fPhpia khlyd;
kidtp cz;ik mwpahJ mbj;Jf; nfhd;whs;. mjdhy; Jd;gKw;w
khlyd; mtis ntWj;J xJf;fptpl;Lf; fq;ifapy; ePuhlr; nrd;whd;.
13. fPhpiaf; nfhd;w ghHg;gdpapd; Jaiu Nghf;fpatd; ahH? Nfhtyd;
14. khlyd; kiwNahd; ahH? me;jzHfspd; jiytd;
15. fTe;jpabfs; fz;zfpia ahhplk; milf;fykhff; nfhLj;jhH? khjhp
16. khjhpapd; gz;Gfshf fTe;jpabfs; vz;zpaJ vd;d?
jPJ,ys;> Kjpats;> gz;Gilats;> mUs; cs;sk; nfhz;lts;
17. tz;zr; rPwb kz;kfs; mwpe;jpys; ahH? fz;zfp
18. khjhp vj;nja;tj;jpw;F ghy;NrhW gilay; nra;jhs;?
,af;fpj;nja;tk;
19. fw;Gf;flk; G+z;l nja;tk; ahH? fz;zfp
4
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. Nfhtyd; jd; kfSf;F kzpNkfiy vdg; ngaH #l;baf;
fhuzk; ahJ?
Nfhtyd;> fz;zfp> fTe;jpabfs; Mfpa %tUk; kJiu
efuj;jpw;F tUfpd;wdH. mq;F cs;s Gwr;Nrhpapy; jq;Ffpd;wdH.
mq; N f kiwNahd; khlyid tUtijf; fz; L Nfhtyd;
tzq;fpdhd;. kiwNahid Nehf;fp ,q;F tu fhuzk; ahJ? vd;W
Nfl;fpwhd;. mjw;F khlyd; kzpNkfiyf;Fg; ngaH#l;L tpohit
gw;wp epidTgLj;jNt te;Js;Nsd; vd;whd;.
Nrho murdhy; jiyf;Nfhy; gl;lk; ngw;w khjtp Foe;ij
xd;iwg; ngw;nwLj;jhs;. mf;Foe;ijf;F KjpHe;j fzpifaH ey;y
ngaiur; #l;l Ntz;Lnkd Nfhtydplk; kfpo;r;rpahff; $wpdH.
mjidf;Nfl;l Nfhtyd; jd; FLk;gj;jpy; Kd;G ele;j epfo;r;rpia
$wj; njhlq;fpdhd;. Kd;G xUehs; ,Us; #o;e;j es;sputpy;
eLf;flypy; nrd;w vk; Kd;Ndhd; xUtdpd; kuf;fyk; cile;jJ.
mtd; fiuNaw topapd;wp jtpj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jhd;. Kw;gpwtpapy;
gy Gz;zpaq;fisr; nra;jhy; capH Nghfhky; rpy ehs;fs; ePhpy;
ePeJ
; f; nfhz;L ,Ue;jhd;. mtd;Kd; xU ngz; nja;tk; Njhd;wpaJ.
mJ ,e;jpud; Vtyhy; ehd; ,q;Fs;s xU jPtpy; tho;e;J tUfpNwd;.
vd; ngaH kzpNkfiy. eP mQ;rhNj! cd;idf; fhg;ghw;wNt
te;Js;Nsd;. eP nra;j Gz;zpaj;jpd; gad; cd;idtpl;L ePq;fhJ.
epr;rak; fhg;ghw;Wk;. ,f;flypy; ePej
; p ke;jpuj;jhy; fiuia miltha;
vd;W $wp mtd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fpaJ. mjdhy; vd; Kd;Ndhd;
gl;l Jd;gk; Nghf;f vd; Fynja;tj;jpd; ngaiuNa vd; kfSf;Fr;
#l;lNtz;Lk; vd;W Nfhtyd; $wpdhd;. mjid Vw;W mq;Fr;
#o;ej; pUe;j 1000 ngz;fs; kzpNkfiy kzpNkfiy vdg; ngahpl;L
tho;j;jpdH.
kzpNkfiy vd tho;j;jpa Qhd;W
kq;fy kle;ij khjtp jd;ndhL
nrk;nghd; khhp nra;ifapd; nghopa
mg;NghJ NfhtyDk; khjtpAk; jk; fuq;fshy; nghd;idg; gyUf;Fk;
kioNghy; toq;Ffpd;wdH.
2. Nfhtyd; fUiz kwtd; vd rpwg;gpf;fg;gLtjw;fhd fhuzj;ijf;
$W.
caHe;j QhdKk; jsHe;j eilAk; cila Kjpa me;jzd;
jhdj;ijg; ngWk; Nehf;fj;Jld; Cd;Wf;Nfhiy Cd;wpf; nfhz;L
tUfpwhd;. mg;NghJ ghfDf;F mlq;fhj kj ahid xd;W tUfpwJ.
5
kf;fsplk; giwxyp vOg;gp vr;rhpf;if nra;fpd;wdH. Ntfkhf tUk;
ahidiaf; fz;L gae;J XLfpd;wdH. mt;topapy; $dy; KJNfhL
ele;J tUk; Kjpatid jd; Jjpf;ifahy; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;lJ.
mjidf; fz;l Nfhtyd; Xa Xa’ vd xyp vOg;gp ahidapd;Kd;
gha;e;J me;jzidf; fhg;ghw;wpdhd;. mt;ahidapd; Jjpf;ifiag;
gw;wp mjd; ntz;ikahd je;jq;fspd; topahf mjd; gplhpapy;
Vwp mkHe;jhd;. mf;fhl;rp Fd;wpd;kJ P mkHe;jpUf;Fk; tpj;jpahjutPud;
mkHe;jpUg;gJNghy; fhl;rp mspf;fpwJ.
ikapUq; Fd;wpd; tpQ;irad; Va;g;gg;
gplHj;jiy ,Ue;J ngUQ;rpdk; gpwohf;
flf;fspW mlf;fpa fUiz kwt
,g;gb rpdk; nfhz;l ahidiaf; nfhy;yhky; mlf;fpAk;> me;jzdpd;
capiuf; fhg;ghw;wpa fhuzj;jhy; Nfhtyd; fUiz kwtd; vd;W
rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lhd;.
3. Nfhtyid nry;yhr; nry;td; vd Nghw;wg;gLtjd; Nehf;fk;
ahJ?
$wpdhs;.
nfhLj;Jtpl;Lg; gphpe;J nrd;whd;.
6
me;j Vl;ilf; ifapy; Ve;jpa ghHg;gdp G+k;Gfhhpy; gy
,lq;fspYk; miye;jhs;. vd; ghtj;ijg; Nghf;fpg; Gz;zpak; ahuhtJ
nra;Aq;fNsd; vd;W fjwp mOjhs;. mtisf; fz;l Nfhtyd; eP
mile;j Jd;gk; ahJ vdf; Nfl;lhd;. mts; jd; Jd;gj;ij vLj;Jf;
$wpdhs;. ,e;j Vl;ilg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;L nghUisf; nfhLj;J
vd;Dila fLe;Jahpid Nghf;Ff vd Ntz;bdhs;.
mtSf;F Ntz;ba nghUisf; nfhLj;jha;. fq;iff;F ePuhlr;
nrd;w mts; fztid mioj;J te;J mtSld; NrHj;J itj;jha;.
mjdhy; tw;whj nry;t tsKilatd; eP vd;W miof;fg;gl;lha;.
xy;fhr; nry;tj;J cWnghUs; nfhLj;J
ey;topg; gLj;j nry;yhr; nry;t
,g;gb ey;yNj nra;Ak; tw;whj nry;t tsKilatd; eP vd
Nfhtyid khlyd; Nghw;wpdhd;.
4. Nfhtyid ,y;NyhH nrk;ky; vd Gfog;gLtij vOJ.
gj;jpdpngz; xUj;jpapd;kJ
P tPzhfg; ngha;gg; op xd;iw mts;
nfQ;rpdha;. Mdhy; me;j G+jNkh xU jPatDf;fhf ey;ytd;
gw;wpa fpisQhpd; grpg;gpzp mWj;Jg;
gy;yhz;L Gue;j ,y;NyhH nrk;ky;
jiytd; eP vd Nfhtyid ,y;NyhH nrk;ky; vd khlyd; Gfo;ej ; hd;.
5. fTe;jpabfs; fz;zfpia khjhpaplk; milf;fykhf nfhLj;jij
vOJ.
jUk rpe;jidAila Jwtpfs; epiwe;J thOk; Gwg;gFjpahd
FbapUg;gpy; ,af;fpnja;tk; cs;sJ. mj;nja;tj;jpw;F ghy;NrhW
gilay; nra; J tpl; L j; jpUk; G fpwhs; . mq; F vjpNu te; j
fTe;jpabfisf; fz;L khjhp if$g;gp tzq;fpdhs;.
7
gRf;fis fhj;Jg; guhkhpj;J mitjUk; gaid gpwUf;Fj;
je;J cjtp thOk; ,ilaH Fy kf;fspd; tho;f;if ,dpjhFk;.
xU jPikAk; ,y;yhjJ. vdNt ,k;khjhpAk; ey;yts;. taJ
KjpHe;jts;. ,ts; md;Gk; fUizAk; cilats;. vdNt khjhpaplk;
fz; z fpia milf; f ykhff; nfhLg; g jpy; ve; j f; Fw; w Kk;
,y;iynad fTe;jpabfs; KbT nra;fpwhH.
fTe;jpabfs; khjhpia Nehf;fp ehd; nrhy;tijf; Nfl;ghahf.
“,e;jg; ngz;Zila fztdpd; je;ijg; ngaH Nfl;lhy;> ,e;j
kJiu khefhpy; tho;fpd;w mtDila Fyj;ijr; NrHj;j ngUk;
tzpfH vy;yhk; ngWjw;fhpa ngUk; nry;tj;ijg; ngw;wJNghy;>
,q;F te;j ,t;tofpa fUk; fz;Zila ngz;kzp fz;zfpiaj;
jq;fs; tPl;Lf;F tpUe;jhf tpUk;gp mioj;Jr; nry;tH. mg;gbg;gl;l
caHe;j Fyg;ngUik cila ,tis mtHfs; te;J mioj;Jr;
nry;Yk; tiu cd;dplk; milf;fyk; nghUshf cd; ghJfhg;gpy;
tpl;L itf;fpNwd;” vd;W $wpdhH.
6. fz;zfpia jhahf ,Ue;J fhf;Fk;gb khjhpaplk; fTe;jpabfs;
Fwpg;gpLtJ ahJ?
fTe;jpabfs; khjhpaplk; fz;zfpiag; Gdpj ePhpy; ePuhl;Lq;fs;.
kPd; Nghd;w mts; fz;Zf;F ik jPl;Lq;fs;. mofpa $e;jYf;F
kyHfisr; #l;Lq;fs;. J}a Milia mzpar; nra;Aq;fs;.
mtSf;Fj; NjhopahfTk; jhahfTk; ,Ue;J ghJfhg;gspj;J
fhg;ghahf. ,q;Nf vd;NdhL te;jpUf;Fk; fz;zfpapd; ghjq;fs;
kz;zpy; gjpahj rpwg;Gilait MFk;. ,ts; tPli ; ltpl;L ntspNa
nrd;W mwpahjts;. ,g;gbg;gl;l ,ts; ,d;W nfhba ntg;gk;
tUj;j jd; fztdhy; ngUk; Jd;gj;Jf;F Mshfp eh twz;LNghf
topele;J te;J ,Uf;fpwhs;. fztDf;fhfj; jd; Jauj;ijg;
nghUl;gLj;jhjts;. fztDf;F cWJizahf tpsq;Fk; kfspHf;F
,d;wpikahjjha; tpsq;FtJ fw;G MFk;. mjidj; jtkhff;
nfhz;L tho;gts; fz;zfp. ,tisj; jtpu NtW ngUikf;Fhpa
ngz; nja;tj;ij ehd; fz;ljpy;iy. ,g;gbg;gl;l fw;Gila kfspH
thOk; ehl;by; kiotsk; FiwahJ. epytsk; FiwahJ. murdpd;
ntw;wpAk; rpijahJ vd;W rhd;NwhHfs; $WtH. ,k;nkhopfis eP
Nfl;ljpy;iyNah vdf; fz;zfpapd; fw;Gj; jpwj;ij>
fw;Gf;flk; G+z;l ,j;nja;t ky;yJ
nghw;Gilj; nja;tk; ahk; fz;bykhy;
fTe;jpabfs; khjhpaplk; vLj;Jiuf;fpwhH.
8
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. Nfhtydpd; nraw;fhpa nray;fis khlyd; vt;thnwy;yhk;
tho;j;jpdhd;?
kJiu khefiu Nehf;fp te;j Nfhtyd; me;efH Gwj;Nj
Jwtpfs; thOk; Nrhiyapy; GFe;jhd;. mq;Fs;s fTe;jpabfsplk;
kJiuapd; rpwg;igAk;> ghz;badJ Ml;rp rpwg;igAk; $wpf;nfhz;L
,Ue;jhd;. mg;NghJ mq;F khlyd; vd;w kiwatd; tUfpwhd;.
khlyidf; fz;L Nfhtyd; tzq;fpdhd;. khlyd; Nfhtyid
fUiz kwtd; vd;Wk;> nry;yhr; nry;td; vd;Wk;> ,y;NyhH nrk;ky;
vd;Wk; tho;j;Jfpd;whd;.
fUiz kwtdkwtd; :
caHe;j QhdKk; jsHe;j eilAk; cila Kjpa me;jzd;
jhdj;ijg; ngWk; Nehf;fj;Jld; Cd;Wf;Nfhiy Cd;wpf; nfhz;L
tUfpwhd;. mg;NghJ ghfDf;F mlq;fhj kj ahid xd;W tUfpwJ.
kf;fsplk; giwxyp vOg;gp vr;rhpf;if nra;fpd;wdH. Ntfkhf tUk;
ahidiaf; fz;L gae;J XLfpd;wdH. mt;topapy; $dy; KJNfhL
ele;J tUk; Kjpatid jd; Jjpf;ifahy; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;lJ.
mjidf; fz;l Nfhtyd; Xa Xa; vd xyp vOg;gp ahidapd;Kd;
gha;e;J me;jzidf; fhg;ghw;wpdhd;. mt;ahidapd; Jjpf;ifiag;
gw;wp mjd; je;jq;fspd; topahf gplhpapy; Vwp mkHe;jhd;. mf;fhl;rp
Fd;wpd;kPJ mkHe;jpUf;Fk; tpj;jpahjutPud; mkHe;J ,Ug;gJNghy;
fhl;rp mspf;fpwJ.
ikapUq; Fd;wpd; tpQ;irad; Va;g;gg;
gplHj;jiy ,Ue;J ngUQ;rpdk; gpwohf;
flf;fspW mlf;fpa fUiz kwt
,g;gb rpdk; nfhz;l ahidiaf; nfhy;yhky; mlf;fpAk;> me;jzdpd;
capiuf; fhg;ghw;wpa fhuzj;jhy; Nfhtyd; fUiz kwtd
kwtd; vd;W
rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;lhd;.
nry;yhr; nry;td; :
9
$wpdhs;.
nfhLj;Jtpl;Lg; gphpe;J nrd;whd;.
me;j Vl;ilf; ifapy; Ve;jpa ghHg;gdp G+k;Gfhhpy; gy
,lq;fspYk; miye;jhs;. vd; ghtj;ijg; Nghf;fpg; Gz;zpak; ahuhtJ
nra;Aq;fNsd; vd;W fjwp mOjhs;. mtisf; fz;l Nfhtyd; eP
mile;j Jd;gk; ahJ vdf; Nfl;lhd;. mts; jd; Jd;gj;ij vLj;Jf;
$wpdhs;. ,e;j Vl;ilg; ngw;Wf; nfhz;L nghUisf; nfhLj;J
vd;Dila fLe;Jahpid Nghf;Ff vd Ntz;bdhs;.
jhdk; nra;J mts; jd;JaH ePf;fp
fhdk; Nghd fztidf; $l;b
xy;fhr; nry;tj;J cWnghUs; nfhLj;J
ey;topg; gLj;j nry;yhr; nry;t
mtSf;F Ntz;ba nghUisf; nfhLj;jha;. fq;iff;F ePuhlr;
nrd;w mts; fztid mioj;J te;J mtSld; NrHj;J itj;jha;.
mjdhy; tw;whj nry;t tsKilatd; eP vd;W miof;fg;gl;lha;.
,y;NyhH nrk;ky; :
gj;jpdpngz; xUj;jpapd;kJP tPzhfg; ngha;gg; op xd;iw mts;
nfQ;rpdha;. Mdhy; me;j G+jNkh xU jPatDf;fhf ey;ytd;
10
mopjUk; cs;sj;J mtnshLk; Nghe;J mtd;
Rw;wj;NjhHf;Fk; njhlHGW fpisfl;Fk;
gw;wpa fpisQhpd; grpg;gpzp mWj;Jg;
gy;yhz;L Gue;j ,y;NyhH nrk;ky;
jiytd; eP vd Nfhtyid ,y;NyhH nrk;ky; vd khlyd; Gfo;ej ; hd;.
,e;jg; gpwtpapy; eP nra;jJ vy;yhk; vdf;Fj; njhpe;jtiu
Gz;zpa nray;fNs MFk;. mg;gbapUf;f khzpf;fkzp Nghd;w
cd; kidtpAld; ,f;fhl;L top ele;J eP Jd;gg;gLtJ> eP Kd;
nra;j jPtidapd; gadhFk;.
2. kzpNkfiy
rpiwf;Nfhl;lk; mwf;Nfhl;lkhf;fpa fhij
rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpd; njhlHr;rpahff; fUjg;gLk; fhg;gpak;
kzpNkfiy MFk;. ,f;fhg;gpak; NfhtyDf;Fk; khjtpf;Fk; gpwe;j
kfs; kzpNkfiyapd; tuyhw;iwf; $WfpwJ. vdNt rpyg;gjpfhuKk;>
kzpNkfiyAk; ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs; vd miof;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J
30 fhijfis cilaJ. ,f;fhg;gpak; kzpNkfiyapd; fijiaf;
$WtNjhL ngsj;j rkaf; nfhs;iffisAk; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ.
,f;fhg;gpaj;jpy; 19tJ fhijahf rpiwf;Nfhl;lk; mwf;Nfhl;lkhf;fpa
fhij mike;Js;sJ.
fhijapd; RUf;fk; :
khjtpapd; kfshfg; nghJ ,lq;fspy; Rw;wpdhy; kd;ddpd;
kfd; cjaFkud; jd;id tplhky; njhlHe;J te;J Jd;gk; jUthd;
vd vz;zpdhs;. mjdhy; fharz;bifapd; tbtj;ij vLj;Jf;
nfhz;lhs;. gpd;dH mt;TUtpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;Nl GfhH efuj;jpy;
gy ,lq;fSf;Fk; nrd;W grpahy; tUe;JNthhpd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fp
cztspj;J te;jhs;.
efhpy; miye;J jphpe;j kzpNkfiy rpiwf;Nfhl;lj;ijf;
fz;lhs;. mr;rpiwf;Nfhl;lk; tPuf;foy; mzpe;j murdpd; jpUtbfisg;
gzpahjtHfs;> jtW nra;jtHfs; MfpNahiuj; jz;bj;J milj;J
itf;Fk; ,lkhFk;. mr;rpiwr;rhiyf;Fs; kzpNkfiy tpUg;gj;Jld;
GFe;jhs;. mq;Fg; grpahy; tUe;Jfpd;w kf;fs; epiwe;J ,Ue;jdH.
11
mtHfspd; iffs; tUe;Jfpd;w mstpw;F kpFjpahd czitf;
nfhLj; J g; grpiag; Nghf; f pdhs; . ,jidf; f z; L tpae; j
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; murdplk; nra;jpia $wpdH.
murd; fhtyhplk; mg;ngz;iz ,q;Nf mioj;J tUf vdf;
$wpdhd;. mtHfSk; fharz;bif cUtpy; ,Ue;j kzpNkfiyia
mioj;J te;jdH. muridf; fz;l mts; tPuf;foy; mzpe;j
murNd! epd; mUs; tho;f vd;W tho;j;jpdhs;. mjw;F murd;
jtnewpia ,sikg; gUtj;jpNyNa Nkw;nfhz;l ngz;Nz! eP
ahH? cd; ifapy; Ve;jpAs;s ghj;jpuk; cdf;F vq;Nf fpilj;jJ
vd;W murd; Nfl;lhd;.
murNd! eP ePLop tho;f. cd; ehl;by; jtwhJ kio nghopal;Lk;.
vy;yh tsKk; ngUfl;Lk;. jPikapd;wp ed;ikNa cd; ehl;by;
cz;lhFl;Lk;. jhd; xU tpj;jpahju kfs;. ,e;jputpohitf;
nfhz;lhLk; ,e;efhpy; xU rhgj;jhy; Rw;wpj; jphpe;Njd;. ehd;
itj;jpUf;Fk; ,g;gpr;irg; ghj;jpuk; rk;ghtjp nja;tk; vdf;F
nfhLj;jJ. ,J nja;tj;jd;ik nghUe;jpaJ. ahidj;jP vd;Dk;
grpNehiag; Nghf;ff; $baJ. grpahy; thLk; kf;fSf;F cztspj;J
capiuf; fhf;Fk; kUe;njd kzpNkfiy vLj;Jiuj;jhs;.
,sq;nfhbNa! ehd; nra;a Ntz;baJ ahJ? vdf; Nfl;lhd;.
mjw;F kzpNkfiy rpiwr;rhiyia mopj;Jtpl;L mwNthH thOk;
mwf;Nfhl;lkhf khw;Wq;fs;. mJNt jhq;fs; nra;a Ntz;ba nray;
vdf;$wpdhs;. gpwF murd; rpiwapy; cs;Nshiu tpLtpj;jhd;.
ngUe;jtk; cila mwNthHfs; ngwf;$ba Qhdk;> mwk; vd;Dk;
ngUk; nghUs;fisg; GfhH efu kf;fs; ngWkhW nra;jhd;.
fiwg;gl;NlhH ,y;yhjgb rpiwf;Nfhl;lj;ij mwf;Nfhl;lhkhf khw;wp
mikj;jhd;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. kzpNkfiy ,aw;wpatH ahH? rPj;jiyr; rhj;jdhH
2. fharz;bifapd; tbtpy; njhz;L nra;jts; ahH? kzpNkfiy
3. kzpNkfiy vf;NfhapYf;Fs; nrd;W Ntw;WAUtk; nfhz;lhs;?
rk;ghgjp nja;tk;
4. kzpNkfiy ve;efuj;jpy; grpahy; tUe;JNthhpd; Jd;gj;ijg;
Nghf;fpdhs;? GfhH efuk;
5. ,ug;Nghhpd; flik?
grpj;jtHfSf;F cjtp nra;tjw;fhfg; gpwhplk; czT ngWtH.
mt;thW czTg; ngw;wijg; grpj;jtUf;Ff; nfhLj;jy; ,ug;Nghhpd;;
flikahFk;.
12
6. mwE}y;fspd; nghUs; czHe;j rhd;NwhHfs; vjidf; fUjpdH?
grpahy; Jd;GWNthiuj; Njbr; nrd;W mtHfSf;F czT
nfhLj;jy; rpwe;jnjd fUjpdH
7. kzpNkfiy ifapypUe;j ml;raghj;jpuj;ijf; $W. mKjRugp
8. rpiwf;fhtyHfs; vjidf; fz;L tpae;jdH?
gyUf;Fk; czT mspj;j ghj;jpuk; xd;W. mJ vLf;f vLf;f
FiwahJ NrhW NghLfpwNj vd;W rpiwf; fhtyH tpae;jdH.
9. Nrhodpd; nghd;kz;lgk; ahnuy;yhk; NrHe;J mikj;J ,Ue;jdH?
kfj ehl;Lj; njhopy; ty;YeH> kfhuhl;bug; nghw;nfhy;yH> mte;jp
ehl;Lf; nfhy;yH> atd ehl;Lj; jr;rH> jkpo;ehl;L ty;YeH.
10. Nrhod; nghd;kz;lgj;jpy; ahiug;Nghy mkHe;jpUe;jhd;?
,e;jpuidg; Nghy
11. ehy;tifg; gilfisf; $W.
fhyhl;gil> Fjpiug;gil> NjHg;gil> ahidg;gil
12. Nrud;> Nrhod;> ghz;baUf;Fhpa milahsf; nfhbfs; ahit?
Nrud; – tpy;> Nrhod; - Gyp> ghz;bad; - kPd;
13. NrhoDf;Fhpa milahs khiy vJ? Mj;jp
14. rpiwf;fhtyHfs; Nrhoid vg;gb ghuhl;bdH?
khtz;fps;sp vd;Wk;> cd; jk;gp eyq;fps;sp cjtpAld; fhhpahw;W
Nghhpy; NruidAk; ghz;baidAk; ntd;wha; vd;W ghuhl;bdH.
15. ahidj;jP vd;Dk; Nehahy; njUf;fspy; jphpe;jts;?fharz;bif
16. kzpNkfiy kd;ddplk; Nfl;L nfhz;lJ vd;d?
rpiwr;rhiyia mopj;Jtpl;L mwNthH thOk; mwf;Nfhl;lkhf
khw;wpaUs Ntz;Lk;.
17. kzpNkfiyapd; gz;gpid mwpe;j Nrho kd;dd; nra;j ew;nray;
ahJ? ngUe;jtk; cila mwNthHfs; ngwf;$ba Qhdk;> mwk;
vd;Dk; ngUk; nghUs;fisg; GfhH efu kf;fs; ngWkhW nra;jhd;.
mikj;jhd;.
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;
1. fharz; b if cUtpy; kzpNkfiy njhz; L nra; j nraypidf; $W.
cjaFkudplk; ,Ue;J jg;gpf;f kzpNkfiy fharz;bif
cUtk; vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhs;. Fw;wkw;w jtnewp Nkw;nfhz;lhs;.
khjtpapd; kfshfg; nghJ ,lq;fspy; Rw;wpdhy; kd;ddpd; kfd;
cjaFkud; jd;id tplhky; njhlHe;J te;J Jd;gk; jUthd; vd
vz;zpdhs;. mjdhy; CHkf;fs; midtuhYk; ed;F mwpag;gl;ltSk;
13
ahidj; j P vd; D k; nfhba grpNehiaf; nfhz; l tSkhfpa
fharz;bifapd; tbtj;ij vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhs;. gpd;dH mt;TUtpy;
,Ue;J nfhz;Nl GfhH efuj;jpy; gy ,lq;fSf;Fk; nrd;W grpahy;
tUe;JNthhpd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fp cztspj;J te;jhs;.
khjtp kfsha; kd;wk; jphpjhpd;
fhtyd; kfNdh iftpl yPahd;
fha;grp ahl;b fharz;bif vd
CHKOJ mwpAk; cUtk; nfhz;Nl
2. kzpNkfiy rpiwapy; nra;j Nritapid vOJ.
grpj;jtHfSf;F cjtp nra;tjw;fhfg; gpwhplk; czT
ngWtH. mt;thW czTg; ngw;wijg; grpj;jtUf;Ff; nfhLj;jy;
,ug;Nghhpd
ghhpd; flikahFk;. grpahy; Jd;GWNthiuj; Njbr; nrd;W
mtHfSf;F czT nfhLj;jy; rpwe;jJ vd;W mwE}y;fspd; nghUs;
czHe; j rhd; N whHfs; $WtH. ,jid ed; w hf mwpe; j ts;
kzpNkfiy. mts; rk;ghgjp Nfhapypd; cs;Ns ,Ue;j mKjRugpia
jd; ifapy; vLj;Jf;nfhz;L efH KOtJk; grpj;Njhiuj; Njb
miye;J jphpe;jhs;.
nfhLj;Jg; grpiag; Nghf;fpdhs;. “gyUf;Fk; czT mspj;j ghj;jpuk;
xd;Nw! vLf;f vLf;f FiwahJ NrhW NghLfpwNj” vd;W rpiwf;
fhtyH tpae;jdH. kzpNkfiy gw;wpa nra;jpiaAk; ifapy; cs;s
mKjRugpapy; ,Ue;J ms;s ms;sf; Fiwahj czitf; fz;l
rpiwf;Nfhl;lf; fhtyHfs; murdplk; nrhy;tjw;fhf muz;kidia
Nehf;fpr; nrd;wdH. ,jid>
Mq;Fg; grpcWk; MHcapH khf;fis
thq;F ifafk; tUe;jepd;W Cl;lYk;
Cl;ba ghj;jpuk; xd;Wvd tpae;J
Nfhl;lk; fhtyH Nfhkfd; jdf;F,g;
vd kzpNkfiy rpiwf; N fhl; l j; j py; nra; j Nritapid
rPj;jiyr;rhj;jdhH Fwpg;gpLfpwhH.
3. Nrhokd;ddpd; nghd;kz;lgk; vt;thW ,Ue;jJ?
Nrhiyapy; kfj ehl;Lj; njhopy; ty;YeH> kfhuhl;bug;
nghw;nfhy;yH> mte;jp ehl;Lf; nfhy;yH> atd ehl;Lj; jr;rH>
jkpo;ehl;L ty;YeH MfpNahH NrHe;J nghd; kz;lgk; xd;iw mikj;J
14
,Ue;jdH. mk;kz;lgk; gtsj;jhyhd J}z;> kzpfshy; Mfpa
Nghjpiffs; jhq;fp ,Ue;jd. kz;lgk; KOtJk; ntz;Kj;J
khiyfs; njhq;ftplg;gl;L ,Ue;jd. rpwg;Gkpf;f Ntiyg;ghLfSld;
Nky;tpjhdk; nghUj;jg;gl;L ,Ue;jJ. mk;kz;lgj;ijr; rhzj;jhy;
nkOfhky; nghd; d hy; nkOfpdH. mg; n ghd; kz; l gj; j py;
,e;jpuidg;Nghyr; nry;tk; kpFe;j Nrho murd; mkHe;J ,Ue;jhd;.
igQ;NrW nkOfhg; gRk;nghd; kz;lgj;J
,e;jpu jpUtd; nrd;W,dpJ VwYk;
4. Nrho murdpd; ngUikfisAk; > kzpNkfiyg; g w; w pAk;
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; Fwpg;gpLtij vOJ.
Nrho murd; mkHe; J ,Ue; j nghd; kz; l gj; j pw; F r;
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; te;jdH. thapy; fhtydplk; muridf; fhzte;j
fhuzj;ij vLj;Jf; $wpdH. murDk; mtHfis mioj;jhd;.
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; muridg; gzpe;J tzq;fpdH. muNr! ehl;bd;
vy;iyia tphpthf;f Ntz;b tQ;rpg; G+r;#b tQ;rp ehl;bd;kPJ
gilnaLj;jha;. ehy;tif(ahid> NjH> Fjpiu> fhyhl;)g; gilfSld;
NruUk; ghz;baUk; cd;id vjpHj;Jg; Nghhpl te;jdH. mtHfspd;
milahs khiyfshf tpsq;FtJ tpy;nfhb> kPd;nfhb MFk;.
cd; milahs khiyahd Mj;jp khiy mzpe;j cd; jk;gpahfpa
eyq;fps;spapd; cjtpAld; fhhpahw;Wg; Nghhpy; ifg;gw;wpf; nfhz;lha;.
capHfhf;Fk; ntz;nfhw;wf;Fil cila khtz;fps;spNa! eP
gy;yhz;L tho;f. ,jid>
fhhpahw;Wf; nfhz;l fhty; ntz;Fil
typnfO jlf;if khtz;fps;sp
vd;fpwJ ghly;. eP GfOld; gy Afq;fs; tho;thahf vdr;
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; Nrho murdpd; ngUikfisf; $wp tho;j;jpdH.
murNd! ,jidAk; Nfl;ghahf. ,g;ngUk; GfhH efuj;jpy; ahidj;jP
vd;Dk; nfhba grp Nehahy; cly; jsHe;J NrhHTw;W ,e;efuj;
njUf;fspy; xU ngz; Rw;wpj; jphpe;jhs;. mts; rpiwf;Nfhl;lj;jpw;Fs;
Eioe;jhs;. cdJ ngaiuf; $wp tho;j;jpdhs;. xNu xU gpr;irg;
ghj;jpuj;ij Ve;jpatshf te;jhs;. mq;Fj; jd;idr; Rw;wpapUe;j
kf;fs; midtUk; tapwhu cz;ZkhW ms;sp ms;sp cztpidf;
nfhLj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Ue;jhs;.
Iag; ghj;jpuk; xd;W nfhz;L Mq;F
nkha;nfhs; khf;fs; nkhrpf;fCz; Rue;jds;
5. kzpNkfiy rpiwf;Nfhl;lj;ij mwf;Nfhl;lkhf;f murdplk;
tpdtpaij vOJ.
murd; fhtyH $wpaijf; Nfl;L mwpe;jhd;. mg;ngz;iz
,q;Nf mioj;J tUf vdf; $wpdhd;. thapw;fhtyH fharz;bif
15
cUtpy; ,Ue;j kzpNkfiyia mioj;J te;jdH. muridf;
fz;l mts; tPuf;foy; mzpe;j murNd! epd; mUs; tho;f vd;W
tho;jj; pdhs;. mjw;F murd; nghWj;jw;F mhpa jtnewpia ,sikg;
gUtj;jpNyNa Nkw;nfhz;l ngz;Nz! eP ahH? cd; ifapy; Ve;jpAs;s
ghj;jpuk; cdf;F vq;Nf fpilj;jJ vd;W murd; Nfl;lhd;.
kzk; fkOk; khiy mzpe;j murNd! eP ePLop tho;f. jhd;
xU tpj;jpahju kfs;. ,e;jputpohitf; nfhz;lhLk; ,e;efhpy; xU
rhgj;jhy; Rw;wpj; jphpe;Njd;. murH ngUkhNd! eP tho;f. cd;
ehl;by; jtwhJ kio nghopal;Lk;. vy;yh tsKk; ngUfl;Lk;.
jP i kapd; w p ed; i kNa cd; ehl; b w; F cz; l hFl; L k; . ehd;
capiuf; fhf;Fk; kUe;njd>
Iaf; fbiQ mk;gyk; kUq;FXH
nja;tk; je;jJ jpg;gpa khaJ
ahidj; jPNeha; mUk;grp nfLj;jJ
Cd;cil khf;fl;F capHkUe;J ,Jvd
kzpNkfiy vLj;Jiuj;jhs;. kzpNkfiy $wpaij murd; Nfl;lhd;.
,sq;nfhbNa! ehd; nra;a Ntz;baJ ahJ? vdf; Nfl;lhd;. mjw;F
kzpNkfiy rpiwr; r hiyia mopj; J tpl; L mwNthH thOk;
mwf;Nfhl;lkhf khw;wp mUs Ntz;Lk;. mJNt jhq;fs; nra;a
Ntz;ba nray; vdf;$wp murid tho;j;jpdhs;. gpwF murd;
rpiwapy; cs;Nshiu tpLtpj;jhd;. ngUe;jtk; cila mwNthHfs;
ngwf;$ba Qhdk;> mwk; vd;Dk; ngUk; nghUs;fisg; GfhH efu
kf;fs; ngWkhW nra;jhd;. fiwg;gl;NlhH ,y;yhjgb
rpiwf;Nfhl;lj;ij mwf;Nfhl;lhkhf khw;wp mikj;jhd;. ,jid>
fiwNahH ,y;yhr; rpiwNahH Nfhl;lk;
mwNthHf;F Mf;fpdd; muRMs; Nte;Jvd;
vd;fpwhH rPj;jiyr;rhj;jdhH.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. kzpNkfiy rpiwf;Nfhl;lk; mwf;Nfhl;lkhf;fpa epfo;tpid
vLj;Jiuf;f.
rPjj
; iyr;rhj;jdhH vOjpa kzpNkfiy fhg;gpaj;jpy; 19tJ
fhijahf rpiwf;Nfhl;lk; mwf;Nfhl;lkhf;fpa fhij mike;Js;sJ.
GfhHefuk; KOtJk; nrd;W ifapy; mKjRugpia nfhz;L
grpg;gpzpia Nghf;fp te;jhs;. ,r;nra;jp kd;dDf;F njhpatu>
kzpNkfiy tUk; g b nra; J tprhhpf; f pwhH. kzpNkfiyapd;
Ntz;LNfhis Vw;W kd;dd; rpiwf;Nfhl;lj;ij mwf;Nfhl;lkhf;fpdhd;.
16
fharz;bif tbtpy; njhz;L :
cjaFkudplk; ,Ue;J jg;gpf;f kzpNkfiy fharz;bif
cUtk; vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhs;. Fw;wkw;w jtnewp Nkw;nfhz;lhs;.
khjtpapd; kfshfg; nghJ ,lq;fspy; Rw;wpdhy; kd;ddpd; kfd;
cjaFkud; jd;id tplhky; njhlHe;J te;J Jd;gk; jUthd; vd
vz;zpdhs;. mjdhy; CHkf;fs; midtuhYk; ed;F mwpag;gl;ltSk;
ahidj; j P vd; D k; nfhba grpNehiaf; nfhz; l tSkhfpa
fharz;bifapd; tbtj;ij vLj;Jf; nfhz;lhs;. gpd;dH mt;TUtpy;
,Ue;J nfhz;Nl GfhH efuj;jpy; gy ,lq;fSf;Fk; nrd;W grpahy;
tUe;JNthhpd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;fp cztspj;J te;jhs;.
khjtp kfsha; kd;wk; jphpjhpd;
fhtyd; kfNdh iftpl yPahd;
fha;grp ahl;b fharz;bif vd
CHKOJ mwpAk; cUtk; nfhz;Nl
rpiwapy; nra;j Nrit :
grpj;jtHfSf;F cjtp nra;tjw;fhfg; gpwhplk; czT
ngWtH. mt;thW czTg; ngw;wijg; grpj;jtUf;Ff; nfhLj;jy;
,ug;Nghhpd
ghhpd; flikahFk;. grpahy; Jd;GWNthiuj; Njbr; nrd;W
mtHfSf;F czT nfhLj;jy; rpwe;jJ vd;W mwE}y;fspd; nghUs;
czHe; j rhd; N whHfs; $WtH. ,jid ed; w hf mwpe; j ts;
kzpNkfiy. mts; rk;ghgjp Nfhapypd; cs;Ns ,Ue;j mKjRugpia
jd; ifapy; vLj;Jf;nfhz;L efH KOtJk; grpj;Njhiuj; Njb
miye;J jphpe;jhs;.
nfhLj;Jg; grpiag; Nghf;fpdhs;. “gyUf;Fk; czT mspj;j ghj;jpuk;
xd;Nw! vLf;f vLf;f FiwahJ NrhW NghLfpwNj” vd;W rpiwf;
fhtyH tpae;jdH. kzpNkfiy gw;wpa nra;jpiaAk; ifapy; cs;s
mKjRugpapy; ,Ue;J ms;s ms;sf; Fiwahj czitf; fz;l
rpiwf;Nfhl;lf; fhtyHfs; murdplk; nrhy;tjw;fhf muz;kidia
Nehf;fpr; nrd;wdH. ,jid>
Mq;Fg; grpcWk; MHcapH khf;fis
thq;F ifafk; tUe;jepd;W Cl;lYk;
Cl;ba ghj;jpuk; xd;Wvd tpae;J
Nfhl;lk; fhtyH Nfhkfd; jdf;F,g;
vd kzpNkfiy rpiwf; N fhl; l j; j py; nra; j Nritapid
rPj;jiyr;rhj;jdhH Fwpg;gpLfpwhH.
17
kd;ddpd; nghd;kz;lgk; :
Nrhiyapy; kfj ehl;Lj; njhopy; ty;YeH> kfhuhl;bug;
nghw;nfhy;yH> mte;jp ehl;Lf; nfhy;yH> atd ehl;Lj; jr;rH>
jkpo;ehl;L ty;YeH MfpNahH NrHe;J nghd; kz;lgk; xd;iw mikj;J
,Ue;jdH. mk;kz;lgk; gtsj;jhyhd J}z;> kzpfshy; Mfpa
Nghjpiffs; jhq;fp ,Ue;jd. kz;lgk; KOtJk; ntz;Kj;J
khiyfs; njhq;ftplg;gl;L ,Ue;jd. rpwg;Gkpf;f Ntiyg;ghLfSld;
Nky;tpjhdk; nghUj;jg;gl;L ,Ue;jJ. mk;kz;lgj;ijr; rhzj;jhy;
nkOfhky; nghd; d hy; nkOfpdH. mg; n ghd; kz; l gj; j py;
,e;jpuidg;Nghyr; nry;tk; kpFe;j Nrho murd; mkHe;J ,Ue;jhd;.
igQ;NrW nkOfhg; gRk;nghd; kz;lgj;J
,e;jpu jpUtd; nrd;W,dpJ VwYk;
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; Fwpg;gpLjy; :
Nrho murd; mkHe; J ,Ue; j nghd; kz; l gj; j pw; F r;
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; te;jdH. thapy; fhtydplk; muridf; fhzte;j
fhuzj;ij vLj;Jf; $wpdH. murDk; mtHfis mioj;jhd;.
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; muridg; gzpe;J tzq;fpdH. muNr! ehl;bd;
vy;iyia tphpthf;f Ntz;b tQ;rpg; G+r;#b tQ;rp ehl;bd;kPJ
gilnaLj;jha;. ehy;tif(ahid> NjH> Fjpiu> fhyhl;)g; gilfSld;
NruUk; ghz;baUk; cd;id vjpHj;Jg; Nghhpl te;jdH. mtHfspd;
milahs khiyfshf tpsq;FtJ tpy;nfhb> kPd;nfhb MFk;.
cd; milahs khiyahd Mj;jp khiy mzpe;j cd; jk;gpahfpa
eyq;fps;spapd; cjtpAld; fhhpahw;Wg; Nghhpy; ifg;gw;wpf; nfhz;lha;.
capHfhf;Fk; ntz;nfhw;wf;Fil cila khtz;fps;spNa! eP
gy;yhz;L tho;f. ,jid>
fhhpahw;Wf; nfhz;l fhty; ntz;Fil
typnfO jlf;if khtz;fps;sp
vd;fpwJ ghly;. eP GfOld; gy Afq;fs; tho;thahf vdr;
rpiwf;fhtyHfs; Nrho murdpd; ngUikfisf; $wp tho;j;jpdH.
murNd! ,jidAk; Nfl;ghahf. ,g;ngUk; GfhH efuj;jpy; ahidj;jP
vd;Dk; nfhba grp Nehahy; cly; jsHe;J NrhHTw;W ,e;efuj;
njUf;fspy; xU ngz; Rw;wpj; jphpe;jhs;. mts; rpiwf;Nfhl;lj;jpw;Fs;
Eioe;jhs;. cdJ ngaiuf; $wp tho;j;jpdhs;. xNu xU gpr;irg;
ghj;jpuj;ij Ve;jpatshf te;jhs;. mq;Fj; jd;idr; Rw;wpapUe;j
kf;fs; midtUk; tapwhu cz;ZkhW ms;sp ms;sp cztpidf;
nfhLj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Ue;jhs;.
Iag; ghj;jpuk; xd;W nfhz;L Mq;F
nkha;nfhs; khf;fs; nkhrpf;fCz; Rue;jds;
18
nja;tk; je;jJ :
murd; fhtyH $wpaijf; Nfl;L mwpe;jhd;. mg;ngz;iz
,q;Nf mioj;J tUf vdf; $wpdhd;. thapw;fhtyH fharz;bif
cUtpy; ,Ue;j kzpNkfiyia mioj;J te;jdH. muridf;
fz;l mts; tPuf;foy; mzpe;j murNd! epd; mUs; tho;f vd;W
tho;jj; pdhs;. mjw;F murd; nghWj;jw;F mhpa jtnewpia ,sikg;
gUtj;jpNyNa Nkw;nfhz;l ngz;Nz! eP ahH? cd; ifapy; Ve;jpAs;s
ghj;jpuk; cdf;F vq;Nf fpilj;jJ vd;W murd; Nfl;lhd;.
kzk; fkOk; khiy mzpe;j murNd! eP ePLop tho;f. jhd;
xU tpj;jpahju kfs;. ,e;jputpohitf; nfhz;lhLk; ,e;efhpy; xU
rhgj;jhy; Rw;wpj; jphpe;Njd;. murH ngUkhNd! eP tho;f. cd;
ehl;by; jtwhJ kio nghopal;Lk;. vy;yh tsKk; ngUfl;Lk;.
jP i kapd; w p ed; i kNa cd; ehl; b w; F cz; l hFl; L k; . ehd;
capiuf; fhf;Fk; kUe;njd>
Iaf; fbiQ mk;gyk; kUq;FXH
nja;tk; je;jJ jpg;gpa khaJ
ahidj; jPNeha; mUk;grp nfLj;jJ
Cd;cil khf;fl;F capHkUe;J ,Jvd
kzpNkfiy vLj;Jiuj;jhs;.
rpiwf;Nfhl;lk; mwf;Nfhl;lk; Mjy; :
kzpNkfiy $wpaij murd; Nfl;lhd;. ,sq;nfhbNa! ehd;
nra;a Ntz;baJ ahJ? vdf; Nfl;lhd;. mjw;F kzpNkfiy
rpiwr;rhiyia mopj;Jtpl;L mwNthH thOk; mwf;Nfhl;lkhf khw;wp
mUs Ntz;Lk;. mJNt jhq;fs; nra;a Ntz;ba nray; vdf;$wp
murid tho;jj ; pdhs;. gpwF murd; rpiwapy; cs;Nshiu tpLtpj;jhd;.
ngUe;jtk; cila mwNthHfs; ngwf;$ba Qhdk;> mwk; vd;Dk;
ngUk; nghUs;fisg; GfhH efu kf;fs; ngWkhW nra;jhd;.
mikj;jhd;. ,jid>
fiwNahH ,y;yhr; rpiwNahH Nfhl;lk;
mwNthHf;F Mf;fpdd; muRMs; Nte;Jvd;
19
3. rPtf rpe;jhkzp
tpkiyahH ,yk;gfk;
rPtfdpd; tuyhw;iwf; $WtJ rPtf rpe;jhkzp MFk;. ,e;E}y;
jpUj;jf;fNjtuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. ,tH rkzj;Jwtp MthH.
tpUj;jg;ghf;fshy; mike;j Kjy; E}y; ,JthFk;. ,e;E}ypd; fhyk;
fp.gp.9k; E}w;whz;L MFk;. ,f;fhg;gpaj;jpy; rPtfd; jd;Dila
gazj;jpd;NghJ kfspH vz;kiu kze;J nfhz;ljhy; ,e;E}y;
kzE}y; vd;W rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J 13 ,yk;gfq;fSk;> 3145
ghly;fSk; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sd. rPtfd; jd; jhiaf; fz;L ngUkfpo;rr ; p
mile; j Jk; > jha; rP t fidf; fl; b j; jOtpj; jd; md; i g
ntspg;gLj;jpaikAk;> cd; khkd; Nfhtpe;jdpd; JizNahL gifia
ntd;W ehl;il kPlg ; hahf vd;W gzpj;j epiyiaAk; vLj;Jiug;gJ
,g;gFjp MFk;.
,yk;gfk; RUf;fk; :
tpria> rPtfd; tUtij tpbaw;fhiyapy; fdtpy; fz;lhs;.
mtsJ ,lf;fz; Jbj;jJ. gy;ypAk; ey;y rFdk; $Wfpd;wJ.
mjdhy; rPtfd; tUthNdh vd;W epidj;jtshf tpria epd;W
nfhz;L ,Ue;jhs;. mtisg; gJKfd; tzq;fpdhd;. rPtfd;
te;jpUf;Fk; nra;jpia mwpe;j tpria kfpo;rr ; p mile;jhs;. mg;NghJ
rPtfd; jd; jha; tpriaapd; jpUtbiaj; njhl;L tzq;fpdhd;.
mt;tpUtUk; ,UngUk; flyiyfs; fye;jijg;Nghy fhzg;gl;ldH.
IaNd! ehd; Kw;gpwg;gpy; nra;j ey;tpidg; gad; ,y;yhjts;.
mjdhy; Vw;gl;l vd; Njhspd; tUj;jk; cd;idf; fz;ljhy; ,g;NghJ
ePq;fpaJ vd;whs; tpria. ths; typikngw;w muriug; Nghhpy;
iftpl;Nld;. cd;idr; RLfhl;by; tpl;Lg; gphpe;Njd; vd tUj;jk;
nfhz;lhs;. mjw;F rPtfd; ,ilad; ntl;ba ntWk; kuj;ijg;Nghy;
ehd; je;j Jd;gf; flypy; ePq;fs; %o;f Ntz;lhk;. ,j;Jd;gj;ijf;
iftpLf vd;W rPtfd; tpriaf;F mwpTiu $wpdhd;.
tpria rPtfdplk; cdf;F ehd; jha; ,y;iy. Ree;ijNa
cd; jha;. cdf;Fj; je;ij rr;re;jd; ,y;iy. fe;Jf;flNd
je;ijahtd; vd;W rPtfdpd; kdk; kfpOk;gbahf $wpdhs;. gpd;dH
tpria vdf;F kfd; ee;jl;lNd! vdf;F capH Nghd;wtd;. rPtfNd
eP ,y;iy. giftHf;F rpq;fk; Nghd;wtd;. kfNd! ee;jNd ,q;Nf
tUf vd;W $wp mtid md;NghL mizj;Jf; nfhz;lhs;.
rpwfhy; jd; FQ;Rfisf; fhf;Fk; kapy; ,Ug;gJNghyr;
rPtfidAk; ee;jl;lidAk; ,uz;L iffshy; jOtpf; nfhz;lhs;
tpria. mWRit czit cz;z nra;jhs;. jd; kfDf;F
ifg;gw;Wtjw;fhd gy nra;jpfis vLj;Jiuf;fpwhs;. kiyapYk;
fhl;bYk; tho;e;J tUk; FWepy kd;dHfspd; kfisj; jpUkzk;
nra;J nfhs;Sjy;> td;ik kpFe;j NguurHfspd; kfisj; jpUkzk;
nra;J nfhs;Sjy; jq;fspd; Kd;NdhHfisg;Nghy epiyngw
Ntz;baJ murHfSf;Fhpa newpahFk; vd;whs;.
20
Fbkf;fsplk; ngWfpd;w thpapy; 6y; xU gq;iff; nfhz;L
nry;tj;ijg; ngUf;fNtz;Lk;. njhd;W njhl;L tUk; gifia
kwf;fhky; epidj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. Ks;is Ks;shy; vLg;gJNghy;
ekf;Fg; gifahd ,Utiu xUtNuhL xUtH Nkhjpf; nfhs;sr;
nra;a Ntz;Lk;. $bte;J ek;ik vjpHf;Fk; giftUs; xUtiug;
gphpj;J ek;kplk; NrHj;Jf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. ,it midj;Jk; murHfs;
tpUk;gpr; nra;Ak; nray;fshFk;.
XH xw;wiug; gpwpNjhH xw;wuhy; MuhaNtz;Lk;. fw;w
mikr;rHfisf; fz;fisg;Nghy ghJfhf;fNtz;Lk;. ke;jphpr; Rw;wk;>
je; j phpr; Rw; w k; vd; w ,Utif Rw; w j; j hiuAk; ngUf; f pf;
nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. ,it ntw;wpia tpUk;Gk; murHfSf;F chpait
MFk;.
rP t fNd! ntw; w pfis cz; l hf; F jy; > Nkk; g hl; i l
cz;lhf;Fjy;> fy;tp> moF Mfpatw;iw cz;lhf;Fjy;> td;ik
Fiwe; j tHfis td; i k cilatH Mf; F jy; Mfpa ,it
midj;Jk; nry;tj;jhy; nra;J nfhs;sg;gLgit MFk;.
nghd; vd;Dk; nry;tj;jhy; NghHg;gilia cz;lhf;fyhk;.
mg;gilahy; gy ehLfs; fpilf;Fk;. mjdhy; nghUs; tUtha;
fpilf;Fk;. mg;nghUshy; ,t;Tyfpy; fpilf;fhjJ xd;Wkpy;iy.
ehNkh ehl;ilAk; nry;tj;ijAk; ,oe;Njhk;. Fyg;gpwg;ghYk;
jho;e;Njhk;. ,ij ePf;f topfhl;Lk; ey;y mikr;rH ekf;F ,y;iy
vd tpria rPtfDf;F gy mwpTiufis $wpdhs;.
jPg;Nghd;w Mw;wYk; ,b Nghd;w FuYk; cilaJ rpq;fk;.
mr; r pq; f k; ehpAld; NghH nra; t jw; F r; #o; r ; r pAk; JizAk;
Ntz;bajpy;iy. fl;baq;fhudhfpa ghk;ig ee;jl;ldhfpa fUld;
mopg;ghd;. mJ Fwpj;J ePq;fs; ftiy nfhs;s Ntz;lhk; vd;W
rPtfd; tpriaaplk; $wpdhd;. tpria rPtfidg; ghHj;jhs;. cd;
khkd; Nfhtpe;jdplk; nry;. mtd; Mizg;gb mtd; Jiziaf;
nfhs;. cd; gifiaf; nfhd;W xopg;ghahf vd;W tpria $wpdhs;.
tpria $wpaijf; Nfl;l rPtfd; ,dp ehisNa me;j
,uhrkhGuj;Jf;Fr; nrd;W vd; Rw;wj;jhHf;F kl;Lk; ehd; capUld;
,Ug;gij mwptpg;Ngd;. mjw;F Kd;dH ePq;fs; vd; khkdplk;
nry;yNtz;Lk; vd;W rPtfd; tpriaaplk; $wpdhd;. r P t f d ;
$wpajw;Nfw;g 105 kfspUld; gUf;iff; fw;fs; epiwe;j fhl;bd;
topNa tpria nrd;whs;. tpw;gilia cila rPtfd; fhw;iwg;Nghy;
nry;Yk; Fjpiuapy; Vwpg; gpd; njhlHe;jhd;. jd; jha;fF ; g; gilfisf;
nfhz;L fhty; fhf;fr; nra;jhd;. gpd;dH jd; typikahd
gilfSld; jhd; nry;yNtz;ba topapy; nrd;whd;.
21
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. rPtf rpe;jhkzpia ,aw;wpatH ahH? jpUj;jf;fNjtH
2. tpria fdtpy; vit fz;ljhf $Wfpwhs;?
tpbaw;fhiyapy; rPtfd; tUjy;> tpriaf;F ,lf;fz; Jbj;jy;>
gy;ypAk; ey;y rFdk; $Wjy;
3. rPtfd; te;jpUf;Fk; nra;jpia tpriaf;Ff; $wpatH ahH? gJKfd;
4. rPtfd; jd; ifapy; mzpe;jpUe;j Mguzk;? flfk;
5. rPtfidf; fz;l tpriaapd; epiy ahJ?
fz;zPiug; ngUf;fpd. jd; kfid fspNw tUf vd;whs;.
fhisg;gUtj;ij mile;jtd; vd;Dk; vz;zkpd;wpr; rPtfidf;
Foe;ijNghy; jOtpf; nfhz;lhs;.
6. rPtfdpd; je;ij ngaiuf; $W. rr;re;jd;
7. rPtfDf;F ahH jha;> je;ij vd tpria $wpdhs;?
Ree;ijNa cd; jha;. fe;Jf;flNd cd; je;ij.
8. tpria rPtfdplk; ahiu jd; kfd; vd;whs;? ee;jl;ld;
9. tpkiyahH ,yk;gfj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; kuq;fs; ngaiuf; $W.
Fq;Fkk;> Gd;id> rz;gfk;> Fuh> Nfhq;F> RuGd;id
10. murHfSf;Fhpa newpahf E}y; ty;yhH $Wtij Fwpg;gpL.
kiyapYk; fhl;bYk; tho;eJ; tUk; FWepy kd;dHfspd; kfisj;
jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;Sjy;> td;ik kpFe;j NguurHfspd; kfisj;
jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;Sjy;> jq;fspd; Kd;NdhHfisg; Nghy
epiyngw Ntz;baJ murHfSf;Fhpa newpahFk;.
11. tpkiyahH ,yk;gfk; Fwpg;gpLk; muruhy; tpUk;gg;gl;l nghUs; vd;d?
nghUs; NrHj;jy;> gifia kdjpy; nfhs;sy;> giftH ,Utiu
NkhjtpLjy;> $bj; jk;kplk; tUNthiug; gphpj;J jk;NkhL $l;bf;
nfhs;Sjy;.
12. ntw;wpia tpUk;Gk; murHfSf;F chpaitnad vjid tpria
Fwpg;gpLfpwhs;? XH xw;wiug; gpwpNjhH xw;wuhy; Muha;jy;> fw;w
mikr;rHfisf; fz;fisg;Nghy ghJfhj;jy;> ke;jphpr; Rw;wk;> je;jphpr;
Rw;wk; vd;w ,Utif Rw;wj;jhiuAk; ngUf;fpf; nfhs;Sjy; ntw;wpia
tpUk;Gk; murHfSf;F chpait MFk;.
13. nry;tj;jhy; nra;J nfhs;sg;gLgit vitnad rPtfdplk; tpria
$wpdhs;? moF Mfpatw;iw cz;lhf;Fjy;> td;ik Fiwe;jtHfis
td;ik cilatH Mf;Fjy; Mfpait midj;Jk; nry;tj;jhy;
nra;J nfhs;sg;gLgit vd tpria $wpdhs;.
14. Ky;iyg;G+Tk;> jhkiug;G+Tk; vg;NghJ kyUk;?
fhpa Nkfj;jhy; Ky;iyg;G+ kyUk;. #hpadpd; ntg;gj;jhy; jhkiug;G+
kyUk;.
15. rPtfdpd; khkd; ahH? Nfhtpe;jd;
16. tpria fhl;bd; topNa vj;jid kfspUld; nrd;whs;? 105
17. rPtfd; ahiu ghk;G> fUld; vd Fwpg;gpLfpwhd;?
ghk;G – fl;baq;fhud;> fUld; - ee;jl;ld;
22
Ie;J kjpg;ngzfs;;
1. tpriaf;Fk; rPtfDf;Fk; ele;j ciuahliy vOJ.
rPtfd; jd;idf; fhz tUtjw;F Kd;Ng mtd; jha; tpria>
rPtfd; tUtij tpbaw;fhiyapy; fdtpy; fz;lhs;. mtsJ
,lf;fz; Jbj;jJ. gy;ypAk; ey;y rFdk; $Wfpd;wJ. mjdhy;
rPtfd; tUthNdh vd;W epidj;jtshf tpria epd;W nfhz;L
,Ue;jhs;. ,jid>
vy;ypUs; fdtpy; fz;Nld; fz;,lk; MLkpd;Nd
gy;ypAk; gl;l ghq;fH tUq;nfhNyh ek;gp nad;W
vd;w thpfspy; mwpayhk;. tpria epd;W nfhz;L ,Ue;j epiyapy;
mtisg; gJKfd; tzq;fpdhd;. rPtfd; te;jpUf;Fk; nra;jpia
tpriaf;F njhptpj;jhd;.
rPtfidf; fhzy; :
tpria rPtfd; vq;Fs;shd; vdf; Nfl;lhs;. mjw;F rPtfd;
mbNad; ehd; vd;W $wp Kd;Nd te;jhd;. iffisf; Ftpj;J
tzq;fpdhd;. mt;tpUtUk; ,UngUk; flyiyfs; fye;jijg; Nghy
fhzg;gl;ldH.
tpriaapd; tUj;jk; ePq;Fjy; :
rPtfidf; fz;l tpriaapd; fz;fs; fz;zi P ug; ngUf;fpd.
khHgpy; ghy; Rue;jJ. mg;ghy; rPtfd; cly; KOtijAk; eidj;jJ.
tpria jd; kfid fspNw tUf vd;W md;Gld; jOtpf; nfhz;lhs;.
ths;Nghd;w ePzl ; fz;fis cila njhoj;jf;f nja;tk; Nghd;wts;
tpria. jd; kfd; fhisg; g Utj; i j mile; j td; vd; D k;
vz;zkpd;wpr; rPtfidf; Foe;ijNghy; jOtpf; nfhz;lhs;. IaNd!
ehd; Kw;gpwg;gpy; nra;j ey;tpidg; gad; ,y;yhjts;. mjdhy;
Vw;gl;l vd; Njhspd; tUj;jk; cd;idf; fz;ljhy; ,g;NghJ ePqf
; paJ
vd;whs; tpria.
jhs;Iah Kd;G nra;j jtj;jJ tpisT ,yhNjd;
Njhs;mahj; jPHe;jJ vd;whs; njhOjF nja;tk; md;dhs;
tpria-rPtfd; ciuahly; :
ths; typikngw;w muriug; Nghhpy; iftpl;Nld;. cd;idr;
RLfhl;by; tpl;Lg; gphpe;Njd;. faikf; Fzk; nfhz;l vd;idf;
fhzTk; te;jhNah! nre;jhkiu kyH Nghd;w mbfs; tUe;Jk;gb
te;j cd; md;Gjhd; vd;Nd! vd;W tzq;Ftjw;Fhpa nja;tk;
Nghd;w tpria $wpdhs;.
23
rPtfd; mjw;F ehd; je;ijahfpa rr;re;j kd;dd; mwpag;
gpwe;Njd;. ,ilad; ntl;ba ntWk; kuj;ijg; Nghy> ehd; je;j
Jd;gf; flypy; ePq;fs; %o;f Ntz;lhk;. ,j;Jd;gj;ijf; iftpLf
vd;W rPtfd; tpriaf;F $wpdhd;. tpria rPtfdplk; cdf;F ehd;
jha; ,y;iy. Ree;ijNa cd; jha;. cdf;Fj; je;ij rr;re;jd;
,y; i y. fe; J f; f lNd je; i jahtd; vd; W rP t fdpd; kdk;
kfpOk;gbahf $wpdhs;. ,jid>
ahd;myd; xsit Mths; Ree;ijNa Iaw;F vd;Wk;
Nfhd;myd; je;ij fe;Jf; fld;vdf; Fzj;jpd;kpf;f
vd;fpwhH jpUj;jf;fNjtH. gpd;dH tpria> vdf;F kfd; ee;jl;lNd!
vdf;F capH Nghd;wtd;. rPtfNd eP ,y;iy. giftHf;F rpq;fk;
Nghd;wtd;. kfNd! ee;jNd ,q;Nf tUf vd;W $wp mtid md;NghL
mizj;Jf; nfhz;lhs;.
tpria. rPtfdpd; kw;w ez;gHfSf;F vy;yhk; ,dpa nkhopfis
Kiwahff; $wpdhs;. mWRit czit cz;z nra;jhs;.
,t;thwhf MWehs;fs; fope;jd.
2. tpria rPtfDf;F $wpa mwpTiuia ahJ?
Fq;Fkk;> Gd;id> rz;gfk;> Fuh> Nfhq;F> RuGd;id Mfpa
kuq;fs; epiwe;j Nrhiyapy; tpria jdpNa ,Ue;J jd; kfDf;F
gytifahd nra;jpfis vLj;Jiuf;fpwhs;. kiyapYk; fhl;bYk;
tho;e;J tUk; FWepy kd;dHfspd; kfisj; jpUkzk; nra;J
nfhs;Sjy;> td;ik kpFe;j NguurHfspd; kfisj; jpUkzk; nra;J
nfhs;Sy; jq;fspd; Kd;NdhHfisg; Nghy epiyngw Ntz;baJ
murHfSf;Fhpa newpahFk; vd E}y; ty;yhH $WtH vd;W tpria
$wpdhs;.
murHfspd; nray; :
Fbkf;fsplk; ngWfpd;w thpgzj;jpy; 6y; xU gq;iff; nfhz;L
nra;a Ntz;Lk;. $b te;J ek;ik vjpHf;Fk; giftUs; xUtiug;
24
Mjp MamUk; gif ehl;Ljy;
Nkhjp Ks;nshL Ks;gif fz;bly;
NgJ nra;J gpse;jply; ngl;lNj
MFk;. ,jid>
xw;wH jq;fis xw;whpd; Ma;jYk;
fw;w khe;jiuf; fz;vdf; NfhlYk;
Rw;wk; #o;e;J ngUf;fYk; #JmNuh
nfhw;wk; nfhs;Fwpf; nfhw;wtw;F vd;gNt
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. rPtfNd! ntw;wpfis cz;lhf;Fjy;> Nkk;ghl;il
midj;Jk; nry;tj;jhy; nra;J nfhs;sg;gLgit vd tpria
$wpdhs;.
kpFk;. mg;nghUshy; ,t;Tyfpy; fpilf;fhjJ xd;Wkpy;iy. ehNkh
ehl;ilAk; nry;tj;ijAk; ,oe;Njhk;. Fyg;gpwg;ghYk; jho;e;Njhk;.
,ij ePf;f topfhl;Lk; ey;y mikr;rH ekf;F ,y;iy vd tpria
rPtfDf;F mwpTiu $wpdhs;.
3. rPtfdpd; ez;gHfs; tpriaaplk; $wpa nra;jpia vOJ.
jPg;Nghd;w Mw;wYk;> ,b Nghd;w FuYk; cilaJ rpq;fk;
MFk;. mr;rpq;fk; ehpAld; NghH nra;tjw;Fr; #o;r;rpAk; JizAk;
Ntz;bajpy;iy.
vhpnahL epfHf;Fk; Mw;wy; ,bf;Fuy; rpq;fk; Mq;FXH
ehpnahL nghUtJ vd;why; #o;r;rpey; JizNahL vd;Mk;
fl;baq;fhudhfpa ghk;ig ee;jl;ldhfpa fUld; mopg;ghd;. mJ
Fwpj;J ePqf ; s; ftiy nfhs;s Ntz;lhk; vd;W rPtfd; tpriaaplk;
$wpdhd;.
tpria ee;jl;ldplk; $wy; :
rPtfd; $wpaijf; Nfl;l tpria ee;jl;ld; fUlNdh vdf;
Nfl;L md;gpdhy; mtid kfpo;eJ ; ghHj;jhs;. mtd; kdk; cUFk;gb
jd; iffshy; njhl;lhs;. typa ituj;jhy; Mfpa J}z; Nghd;w
iffisf; nfhz; l vUJ Nghd; w td; ee; j l; l d; . mtd;
25
fl;baq;fhudplk; ,Ue;J ehl;il kPl;L cdf;Fj; jUthd; vd;whs;.
fhl;by; cs;s xU fhf;ifNa> gfypy; mstw;w Nfhl;lhd;fs;
,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;Fr; nrd;W mopf;Fk; Mw;wiyg; ngw;wpUf;Fk;.
,jid>
flj;J,ilf; fhf;if xd;Nw Mapuk; Nfhb $if
,lj;J,il mOq;fr; nrd;WMq;F ,d;capH nrFj;jJ md;Nw
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. Fifapy; jq;fpapUe;j rpq;fk; RuGd;id kuq;fis
cila fhl;by; rpdj;jhy; Muthuk; nra;jJ. mJ jd; epoy; vd
mwpahJ gha;eJ; ehpapd; #o;rr
; pahfpa tiyapy; mfg;gl;Lf; nfhz;lJ.
Mjyhy; mzpfspd; Rikiaj; jhq;f khl;lhky; jd; ,il NrhHT
milAkhW epd;w fhjzpiaAk;> xspkpf;f epwj;ijAk; cila
kfspiug; N ghy> mwpTilahH ,lk; czuhky; epidj; j ij
epidj;jgb nra;akhl;lhHfs;.
gJKfdpd; kWnkhop :
AfKbtpy; cyfq;fis mopf;Fk; Copj;jPiag; Nghd;w
gJKfd; $wpdhd;. vk; Mw;wyhy; giftiu neUq;FNthk;. jg;ghky;
nfhy;Yk; rf;fug; gilahy; giftiu nty;Nthk;. ngUepy Ml;rpia
milNthk;. gpwH Jizia ehlkhl;Nlhk; vd tpriaaplk; gJKfd;
vLj;Jiuj;jhd;.
rPtfdpd; kw;w NjhoHfs; $w;W :
gJKfd; my;yhj rPtfdpd; kw;wj; NjhoHfs; Kof;fkpl;ldH.
vk; mbfNs! rPtfdpd; jpUtbia mile;j ehq;fs; ntg;gj;jpdhy;
Mw;wKbahj> neUg;G jq;fpapUe;J tUe;Jk; jd;ikia cila
#hpadhfTk;> vq;fis vjpHj;j giftH gdpAk; ,USkhfTk; ePqf ; s;
epidf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W $wpdH.
khkd; Jiz :
tpria rPtfidg; ghHj;jhs;. fhpa Nkfj;jhy; Ky;iyg;G+
kyUk;. #hpadpd; ntg;gj;jhy; jhkiug;G+ kyUk;. mJNghy cd;
khkd; cd; Fbr;rpwg;Gj; Njhd;wpa NghNj jd; mf kyH kyu
kfpo;thd;. Mjyhy; cd; khkd; Nfhtpe;jdplk; nry;. mtd;
Mizg;gb mtd; Jiziaf; nfhs;. cd; gifiaf; nfhd;W
xopg;ghahf vd;W tpria $wpdhs;.
ehisNa nry;Ntd; :
rPtfd;> vd; ez;gHfs; $wpa fhyj;jpNyNa mr;nraiyr;
nra;aj; JzpT nfhz;Nld;. ,dp ehisNa me;j ,uhrkhGuj;Jf;Fr;
nrd;W vd; Rw;wj;jhHf;F kl;Lk; ehd; capUld; ,Ug;gij mwptpg;Ngd;.
mjw;F Kd;dH ePq;fs; vd; khkdplk; nry;yNtz;Lk; vd;W rPtfd;
tpriaaplk; $wpdhd;.
26
gphpe;J nry;Yjy; :
rPtfd; $wpajw;Nfw;g 105 kfspUld; gUf;iff; fw;fs;
epiwe;j fhl;bd; topNa tpria nrd;whs;. ,jid>
Nty;ijte;J md;d Ejpntk; guy; fhdk; cd;dp
E}w;WItNuhL ele;jhs;
vd;fpwhH jpUj;jf;fNjtH. tpw;gilia cila rPtfd; fhw;iwg;Nghy;
nry;Yk; Fjpiuapy; Vwpg; gpd; njhlHe;jhd;. jd; jha;fF; g; gilfisf;
nfhz;L fhty; fhf;fr; nra;jhd;. gpd;dH jd; typikahd
gilfSld; jhd; nry;yNtz;ba topapy; nrd;whd;.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. tpriaf;Fk; rPtfDf;Fk; ele;j ciuahliyAk;> tpria
rPtfDf;F $wpa mwpTiuiaAk; tpsf;Ff.
Kd;Diu :
rPtfrpe;jhkzpapy; ,lk;ngWk; tpkiyahH ,yk;gfj;jpy;
rPtfd;> tpria epfo;j;jpa ciuahly;fSk;> tpria jd; kfd;kPJ
nfhz;l ghr czHitAk; jpUj;jf;fNjtH ntspg;gLj;jp cs;shH.
fdtpidf; $wy; :
rPtfd; jd;idf; fhz tUtjw;F Kd;Ng mtd; jha; tpria>
rPtfd; tUtij tpbaw;fhiyapy; fdtpy; fz;lhs;. mtsJ
,lf;fz; Jbj;jJ. gy;ypAk; ey;y rFdk; $Wfpd;wJ. mjdhy;
rPtfd; tUthNdh vd;W epidj;jtshf tpria epd;W nfhz;L
,Ue;jhs;. ,jid>
vy;ypUs; fdtpy; fz;Nld; fz;,lk; MLkpd;Nd
gy;ypAk; gl;l ghq;fH tUq;nfhNyh ek;gp nad;W
vd;w thpfspy; mwpayhk;. tpria epd;W nfhz;L ,Ue;j epiyapy;
mtisg; gJKfd; tzq;fpdhd;. rPtfd; te;jpUf;Fk; nra;jpia
tpriaf;F njhptpj;jhd;.
rPtfidf; fhzy; :
tpria rPtfd; vq;Fs;shd; vdf; Nfl;lhs;. mjw;F rPtfd;
mbNad; ehd; vd;W $wp Kd;Nd te;jhd;. iffisf; Ftpj;J
tzq;fpdhd;. mt;tpUtUk; ,UngUk; flyiyfs; fye;jijg; Nghy
fhzg;gl;ldH.
tpriaapd; tUj;jk; ePq;Fjy; :
rPtfidf; fz;l tpriaapd; fz;fs; fz;zi P ug; ngUf;fpd.
khHgpy; ghy; Rue;jJ. mg;ghy; rPtfd; cly; KOtijAk; eidj;jJ.
tpria jd; kfid fspNw tUf vd;W md;Gld; jOtpf; nfhz;lhs;.
ths;Nghd;w ePzl ; fz;fis cila njhoj;jf;f nja;tk; Nghd;wts;
tpria. jd; kfd; fhisg; g Utj; i j mile; j td; vd; D k;
27
vz;zkpd;wpr; rPtfidf; Foe;ijNghy; jOtpf; nfhz;lhs;. IaNd!
ehd; Kw;gpwg;gpy; nra;j ey;tpidg; gad; ,y;yhjts;. mjdhy;
Vw;gl;l vd; Njhspd; tUj;jk; cd;idf; fz;ljhy; ,g;NghJ ePqf
; paJ
vd;whs; tpria.
jhs;Iah Kd;G nra;j jtj;jJ tpisT ,yhNjd;
Njhs;mahj; jPHe;jJ vd;whs; njhOjF nja;tk; md;dhs;
tpria-rPtfd; ciuahly; :
ths; typikngw;w muriug; Nghhpy; iftpl;Nld;. cd;idr;
RLfhl;by; tpl;Lg; gphpe;Njd;. faikf; Fzk; nfhz;l vd;idf;
fhzTk; te;jhNah! nre;jhkiu kyH Nghd;w mbfs; tUe;Jk;gb
te;j cd; md;Gjhd; vd;Nd! vd;W tzq;Ftjw;Fhpa nja;tk;
Nghd;w tpria $wpdhs;.
rPtfd; mjw;F ehd; je;ijahfpa rr;re;j kd;dd; mwpag;
gpwe;Njd;. ,ilad; ntl;ba ntWk; kuj;ijg; Nghy> ehd; je;j
Jd;gf; flypy; ePq;fs; %o;f Ntz;lhk;. ,j;Jd;gj;ijf; iftpLf
vd;W rPtfd; tpriaf;F $wpdhd;. tpria rPtfdplk; cdf;F ehd;
jha; ,y;iy. Ree;ijNa cd; jha;. cdf;Fj; je;ij rr;re;jd;
,y; i y. fe; J f; f lNd je; i jahtd; vd; W rP t fdpd; kdk;
kfpOk;gbahf $wpdhs;. ,jid>
ahd;myd; xsit Mths; Ree;ijNa Iaw;F vd;Wk;
Nfhd;myd; je;ij fe;Jf; fld;vdf; Fzj;jpd;kpf;f
vd;fpwhH jpUj;jf;fNjtH. gpd;dH tpria> vdf;F kfd; ee;jl;lNd!
vdf;F capH Nghd;wtd;. rPtfNd eP ,y;iy. giftHf;F rpq;fk;
Nghd;wtd;. kfNd! ee;jNd ,q;Nf tUf vd;W $wp mtid md;NghL
mizj;Jf; nfhz;lhs;.
tpria. rPtfdpd; kw;w ez;gHfSf;F vy;yhk; ,dpa nkhopfis
Kiwahff; $wpdhs;. mWRit czit cz;z nra;jhs;.
,t;thwhf MWehs;fs; fope;jd.
tpria rPtfDf;F $wpa mwpTiu :
Fq;Fkk;> Gd;id> rz;gfk;> Fuh> Nfhq;F> RuGd;id Mfpa
kuq;fs; epiwe;j Nrhiyapy; tpria jdpNa ,Ue;J jd; kfDf;F
gytifahd nra;jpfis vLj;Jiuf;fpwhs;. kiyapYk; fhl;bYk;
tho;e;J tUk; FWepy kd;dHfspd; kfisj; jpUkzk; nra;J
nfhs;Sjy;> td;ik kpFe;j NguurHfspd; kfisj; jpUkzk; nra;J
nfhs;Sy; jq;fspd; Kd;NdhHfisg; Nghy epiyngw Ntz;baJ
28
murHfSf;Fhpa newpahFk; vd E}y; ty;yhH $WtH vd;W tpria
$wpdhs;.
murHfspd; nray; :
Fbkf;fsplk; ngWfpd;w thpgzj;jpy; 6y; xU gq;iff; nfhz;L
nra;a Ntz;Lk;. $b te;J ek;ik vjpHf;Fk; giftUs; xUtiug;
Mjp MamUk; gif ehl;Ljy;
Nkhjp Ks;nshL Ks;gif fz;bly;
NgJ nra;J gpse;jply; ngl;lNj
MFk;. ,jid>
xw;wH jq;fis xw;whpd; Ma;jYk;
fw;w khe;jiuf; fz;vdf; NfhlYk;
Rw;wk; #o;e;J ngUf;fYk; #JmNuh
nfhw;wk; nfhs;Fwpf; nfhw;wtw;F vd;gNt
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. rPtfNd! ntw;wpfis cz;lhf;Fjy;> Nkk;ghl;il
midj;Jk; nry;tj;jhy; nra;J nfhs;sg;gLgit vd tpria
$wpdhs;.
kpFk;. mg;nghUshy; ,t;Tyfpy; fpilf;fhjJ xd;Wkpy;iy. ehNkh
ehl;ilAk; nry;tj;ijAk; ,oe;Njhk;. Fyg;gpwg;ghYk; jho;e;Njhk;.
,ij ePf;f topfhl;Lk; ey;y mikr;rH ekf;F ,y;iy vd tpria
rPtfDf;F mwpTiu $wpdhs;.
KbTiu :
,t;thwhf tpria> rPtfd; gz;gpidAk;> jd; jhia re;jpj;j
kfpo;rr ; pAk;> mwpTiuAk; tpkiyahH ,yk;gfj;jpy; fhzKbfpd;wJ.
29
myF II
4. fk;guhkhazk;
Ffg;glyk;
jkpo;f; fhg;gpa cyfpy; jdf;nfd xU rpwg;igg; ngw;wJ
fk;guhkhazk; MFk;. fk;guhkhzj;ij ,aw;wpatH fk;gH MthH.
fk;guhkhazk; ghyfhz;lk;> mNahj;jpah fhz;lk;> Muzpa fhz;lk;>
fpl;fpe;jh fhz;l; k;> Re;ju fhz;lk;> Aj;j fhz;lk; vd 6 fhz;lq;fSk;>
118 glyq;fSk;> 10500 ghly;fSk; cs;sd. ,f;fk;guhkhazj;jpy;
Ffg;glyk; ghlg;gFjpahf mike;Js;sJ.
E}yhrphpaH Fwpg;G :
fk;gH jQ;irapy; cs;s jpUtOe;J}hpy; Mjpj;jd; vd;gtUf;F
kfdhfg; gpwe;jhH. ,tuJ fhyk; fp.gp.12k; E}w;whz;L MFk;. fk;giu
jpUntz;nza; ey;Y}H rilag;g ts;sy; vd;gtH Mjhpj;J te;jhH.
ed;wp kwthg; gz;ghshuhd fk;gH> jk; fhg;gpaj;Js; Mapuk; ghl;Lf;F
xd; w hfg; gj; J ,lq; f spy; ,tiug; Nghw; W fpwhH. KbtpNy>
jpUntz; n za; ey; Y }Hr; rilag; g ts; s ypd; kugpDf; F hpa
Ntshq;Fyg; vLj;Jf; nfhLf;f mjidf; ifapNy thq;fp ‘trpl;lNd
Gide;jhd; nksyp’ vdf; Fwpg;gpLfpwhH.
,uhkdpd; tuyhw;iwf; fk;gH> ,uhkfhij vd;Dk; ngahpy;
gilj;jhH. ,J fk;guhkhazk; vd midtuhYk; Nghw;wg;ngWfpwJ.
fk;giu ftpr;rf;futHj;jp> fy;tpapy; nghpatH fk;gH> tpUj;jk; vd;Dk;
ntz;ghtpw;F caH fk;gd;> fk;gd; tPl;Lf; fl;Lj;jwpAk; ftpghLk;
vd; w njhlHfs; mthpd; Gyikia $Wfpd; w J. Kjyhk;
FNyhj; J q; f r; Nrhod; Ml; r papy; fhtphpf; fiuapy; cs; s
jpUtuq;fj;jpy; fk;gH ,e;E}iy muq;Nfw;wpdhH. rlNfhgH me;jhjp>
ruRtjp me;jhjp> VH vOgJ> jpUf;if tof;fk; Mfpa E}y;fisAk;>
gy jdpg;ghly;fisAk; ghbAs;shH.
glyr; RUf;fk; :
gujd; fhtphpahy; tsk;ngw;w NrhoehL Nghd;W> nropj;J
tpsq;Fk; Nfhry ehl;il ePq;fp> fq;if fiuia mile;jhd;.
mq; N f fq; i fapd; njd; f iuapy; jd; gilfSld; epd; W
nfhz;bUe;jhd; Ffd;. vjpHf;fiuapy; ghpthuq;fSld; te;J epw;Fk;
gujd; KjyhNdhiuf; fz;L mtHfs;> uhkgpuhDld; NghH njhLf;f
te;Js;shHfs; vd;W vz;zpdhd;.
30
Ffd; mile;j Nfhgj;jpw;F msNt ,y;iy. mtd; gw;fis
ewewntd;W fbj;jhd;. fz;fspy; neUg;Gg; nghwpfs; gwe;jd.
GUtq;fs; tpy;iyg;Nghy; NkNywp tise;jd. jd; tPuHfis mioj;J
,Njh vjpHf;fiuapy; NridfSld; epw;fpwtd;> ek; Jiztuhd
uhkdpd; ,isNahd; N ghy; Njhd; W fpwhd; . ,td; Nridfis
mopf;fNtz;Lk;. ePq;fs; ahtUk; NghH nra;a jahuhf ,Uq;fs;
vd; W fl; l isapl; l hd; . NtlHfis Nehf; f pathW mtHfs;
,f;fq;ifiaf; flf;f vtUk; Xlj;ijr; nrYj;jf; $lhJ vdTk;
Fwpg;gpl;lhd;.
Ffd; njd;fiuapy; epw;gij ghHj;j Rkj;jpud; gujid
mile;J> Ffid Rl;bf;fhl;bdhd;. mq;Nf epw;gtd; ,f;fiuapy;
Xlk; nrYj;Jgtd;. Ffd; vd;Dk; ngaiu cilatd;. cq;fs;
mz;zd; uhkdkPJ kpf;f md;Gs;std;. cq;fisf; fhZk; MtYld;
epw;fpd;whd;
clNd gujd;> rj;JUf;fdDld; fq;ifePhpd; Xuj;NjNgha;
epd;whd;. Ffd; ,tHfSila ,isj;j NkdpiaAk; jhq;fpa
jtf;Nfhyj;ijAk; fz;lhd;. “,tHfs; uhkgpuhDf;Fj; jPq;F nra;a
tUfpd;whHfs; vd;W vz;zpaJ jtNw MFk;. ,tHfs; uhkd;kPJ
kpf;f md;G nfhz;ltHfs;Nghy; tpsq;Ffpd;wdH” vd;W epidj;jhd;.
NkYk; mtHfsJ kdf; fUj;ij mwpAk; nghUl;Lj; jhd;
XH Xlj;jpy; Vwp> tlfiu mile;jhd;. jrujd; kfdhfpa gujDk;
fq;if NtlDk; xUtiunahUtH tzq;fpj; jOtpf; nfhz;ldH.
Ffidg; ghHj;J> ‘ePq;fs; ,q;Nf Gwg;gl;L te;j fhuzk;
vd;d?’ vd;W Nfl;lhd;. mjw;Fg; gujd;> ‘cyfk; KOJk; Mz;l
rf;utHj;jp> vd; je;ij> jrujH Kd;NdhHfs; Kiwapdpd;W khwpdH.
mtw;iw khw;w kd;dd; uhkid mioj;Jr; nry;yNt te;Njd;’
vd;whd;. mJNfl;l Ffd; kpfTk; kfpo;e;jhd;.
gpd;dH gujd;> uhkd; ,Uf;Fk; jpirNehf;fp tzq;fpdhd;.
vd; mz;zd; ,q;Nf te;jpUe;jNghJ vq;Fj; jq;fpdhH vdf; Nfl;lhd;
gujd;. uhkd; ,Ue;j ,lj;ijAk; gLj;j Gy; gLf;ifiaAk; Ffd;
fhl;bdhd;. ,ijg; ghHj;j gujd; mOjhd;. y\;kzd; vq;Nf ,Ue;jhd;
vd;whd;. mjw;F mtd;> ‘mtH ,uT KOtJk; fz; cwq;fhky;
ifapy; tpy; Ve;jp> ,t;tplj;jpNyNa fhty;Ghpe;J epd;W ,Ue;jhH’
vd;W me;j ,lj;ijAk; fhl;bdhd;.
mJNfl;l gujd; ‘me;Njh uhkUf;Fhpa jk;gpaHfSs;> ehd;
mtUf;Fj; Jd;gk; cz;lhtjw;Ff; fhuzkha; ,Uf;fpNwd;. y\;kzd;
mjidj; Jilg;gjw;F chpatdhf ,Uf;fpwhd;’ vd;W nrhy;yp
31
tUe;jpdhd;. ,uT KOtJk; fq;iff; fiu kzypy; gLj;jpUe;jhd;.
fhiyg; n ghOJ te; j Tld; vOe; J > jd; i dAk; jd; i dr;
rhHe;jtHfisAk; fq;ifapd; mf;fiuapy; tpl;LtpLk;gb Ffid
Ntz;bdhd;. mt;thNw Ffd; Kjypy; gujDld; te;jtHfisg;
gy Xlq;fspy; Vw;wp mf;fiuapy; ,wf;fptpl;L te;jhd;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. fk;guhkhazj;ij ,aw;wpatH ahH? fk;gH
2. fk;ghpd; NtWngaHfs;? fk;gehlH> fk;gehl;lho;thH
3. fk;guhkhazj;jpd; NtWngaHfs; ahJ?
,uhkhtjhuk;> fk;grpj;jpuk;> fk;gehlfk;
4. fk;guhkhazj;jpd; Kjy; E}y;? thy;kPfp ,uhkhazk;
5. fk;guhkhazj;jpd; nkhj;j fhz;lq;fs; $W.
ghyfhz;lk;> mNahj;jpah fhz;lk;> Muz;a fhz;lk;> fpl;fpe;jh
fhz;lk;> Re;jufhz;lk;> Aj;jfhz;lk; vd MW fhz;lq;fis
cilaJ.
6. Ffg;glyk; Fwpg;gpLk; epiyj;jpizfs;? kuk;> nrb
7. Ffg;glyk; Fwpg;gpLk; ,aq;Fj;jpizfs;?
gwit> tpyq;F> kdpjH> NjtH
8. NtlHfspd; jiytd; ahH? Ffd;
9. Ffd; ahiug; ghHj;J vypfs; vd;whd;? gujNrid
10. Ffg;glyk; Fwpg;gpLk; gujdpd; Njhw;wk; ahJ?
kuThp Milia cLj;jp ,Uj;jy;> GOjp gbe;j clk;G> xspapoe;j
re;jpuidg;Nghy Kfk; vd ,Ue;j gujdpd; Njhw;wj;ij Ffd;
fz;lhd;.
11. jrujdpd; ez;gd; ahH? Rke;jpud;
12. Fjpiufs; G+l;ba Njiur; nrYj;Jtjpy; ty;ytd;? Rkj;jpud;
13. gujNdhL te;j Nridfs; vj;jid NgH? 60>000 mf;FNuhzpfs;
14. Ffg;glyk; Fwpg;gpLk; ,Utpid ahJ? Gz;zpak;> ghtk;
15. Gy;yhy; Md gLf;ifia nfhz;bUe;jtd; ahH? ,uhkd;
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. gujdpd; giliaf; fz; L Ffd; vz; z paJk; > Ffdpd;
tPur;rpwg;gpidAk; $W.
nghd;dhy; nra;ag;ngw;w tPuf;foiy mzpe;j xg;gw;w vspa
Nridia cilad; gujd;. mtd; fhtphp ghAk; Nrhoehl;il xj;j
32
tay; tsk; nghUe;jpa Nfhry ehl;il tpl;L ePq;fpdhd;. kuk;> nrb
Kjypa jhtuq;fshfpa epiyj;jpizfSk;> gwit> tpyq;F> kdpjH>
NjtH Kjypa ,aq;F jpizfSk; tUe;jpl fq;iff; fiuia
te;J mile;jhd;.
Ffd; vd;w ngaiu cilatd;. vkid xj;j Mw;wy;
nfhz;ltd;. NtlHfspd; jiytdhf ,Ug;gtd;. mtd;> gujdpd;
gilia xU J}rpNghy Nehf;fpdhd;. ,fo;r;rpr; rphpg;G Njhd;w
fz;fspy; neUg;G gwe;jd. ehrpapypUe;J GifntspNawpd. Nfhgj;jhy;
NkNywpa tise;j GUtj;ijf; nfhz;ltdhf Ffd; fhzg;gl;lhd;.
iffspy; NghUf;Fhpa tpy;iy cilatdhf tpsq;fpdhd;. ,jid>
eifkpff; fz;fs; jP ehw ehrpapy;
Gifcwf; Fdpg;GWk;
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. jPik cz;lhf capHfSf;F ,Wjp ehs;
te;jnghOJ mtw;wpd; capiu vLf;Fk; #yj;ijf; ifapy; Ve;jpa
akd;. tpy;tpj;ijapy; NjHe;jtd;. Ie;J yl;rk; tbtk; vLj;jhw;
Nghd;W typa clk;Gila Nridia cilatd;.
,ilapy; fl;lg;ngw;Ws;s cilthis cilatd;. gw;fshy;
cjl;ilf; fbj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Ug;gtd;. fLikahfg; NgRk; nrhw;fis
cilatd;. fz;fs; tpopj;Jg; ghHf;Fk; neUg;Gj; jd;ikia
cilatd;. mbf;fg; ngUk; cLf;ifia cilatd;. NghUf;fhd
CJ nfhk;gpid cilatd;. NghH mUfpy; te;Jtpl;lJ vd;W
G+hpg;ghy; kfpOk; Njhs;fis cilatd;.
fl;ba Rhpifad; fbe;j thapdd;
ntl;ba nkhopapdd; tpopf;Fk; jPapdd;
nfhl;ba Jbapdd; Fwpf;Fk; nfhk;gpdd;
fpl;baJ mkHvdf; fpsUk; Njhspdd;
,e;jg; gujNrid KOtJk; vypfshFk;. ehd; ,e;j vypfisj;
jpd;W xopf;Fk; ghk;ghNtd; vd;W tPuthHj;ij Ngrpdhd;. typik
nghUe;jpa cyfj;jpy; thOk; typa efj;ij cila Gypfs;
vy;yhk; xNu ,lj;jpy; te;J NrHe;jd vd;W $Wk;gbahf Muthuk;
nra;J jdJ Nridia kfpo;rr ; pAld; NghUf;F kfpo;eJ
; mioj;jhd;.
2. Ffd; jd; gilapdUf;F ,l;l fl;lis ahJ?
njd;fiu te;J NrHe;j Ffd; jd;dhy; miof;fg;gl;Lj;
jd;Kd; epw;Fk; NtlHfisf; fz;lhd;. mg;NghJ vd; capHNghy
rpwe;j Njhodhfpa ,uhkDf;F nghpa murhl;rpiag; ngWtjw;Fj;
jilahf tlfiuapy; te;J epw;Fk; Nridia vjpHf;fNtz;Lk;.
tPuHfis ghHj;J> Nghhpidj; njhlq;f cs;Nsd;. ePq;fSk; mjw;F
cld;gLtPHfsh vd;W Nfl;lhd;.
33
NghHg; giwfis mbAq;fs;. njd;fiuapy; tUtjw;Fhpa
topfisAk;> VWtjw;Fhpa JiwfisAk; mopj;J ePf;fp ,y;yhky;
nra;Aq;fs;. Njhzpfisf; fq;ifapy; Xl;lhjPHfs;. tpiue;J miytPrp
tUfpd;w fq;ifahw;wpd; njd;fiuf;F te;jtHfisg; gpbAq;fs;.
,wf;Fk;gb mopAq;fs; vd;W tPuthHj;ijfis Ffd; $wpdhd;.
Jbvwp newpfSk; JiwAk; Rw;Ww
Xbvwp mk;gpfs; ahJk; Xl;lypH
fbvwp fq;ifapd; fiu te;NjhHfisg;
gpbvwp gl vdg; ngaHj;Jk; $Wthd;
fhpa epwkhd jpUNkdp mofdhfpa ,uhkd; Ml;rp chpik
va;jhjgb #o;r;rpahy; ftHe;j mikr;rUk; kd;dUk;(gujDk;)
te;Js;shHfs;. neUg;igf; ff;Fk; vd; rpte;j mk;Gfs; ,tHfs;
Nky; nry;yhky; Ngha;tpLNkh? vd; mk;Gf;Fj; jg;gp capH gpioj;J
Ngha;tpl;lhy;; Ffd;> eha; Nghd;w fPo;j;jd;ik cilatd; vd;W
vd;id ,fo;e;Jf; $WthHfs; vd;whd;.
Moj;ijAk;> ePz;l miyfisAk; cila fq;ifahw;iw
fle;J njd;fiug; gFjpf;Fr; nry;thHfsh? nghpa ahidg; giliaf;
fz;L GwKJF fhl;b nry;Yfpd;w tpy; tPud; ehd; my;yd;. ,uhkd;>
cdf;Fk; vdf;Fk; el;G vd;W $wpa xU nrhy; kjpf;fg;glNtz;ba
nrhy; MFk;. mw;gdhfpa ,e;j Ntld; ,uhkNdhL el;G nfhz;L
guj Nridf;Fg; gae;J ,Uf;fkhl;Nld;. ,uhkid vjpHf;Fk; gujNdhL
el; G nfhz; L khdk; nfl; L tho; t ijtpl ,we; J tpLNtd; .
,t;Tyfj;jhH jd;id tPz;gopr; nrhy;ypw;F Mshf;FtH vd;W $wp
Ffd; tUe;jpdhd;. ,jid>
Mo neLe;jpiu MW fle;J ,tH NghthNuh
Nto neLk;gil fz;L tpyq;fpLk; tpy;yhsh
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. jUkj;jpd; JiztHfsha; tpsq;Fk; ,uhk
,yf;FtHfs; MSk;gb NtlHfs; ,e;jg; G+kpia kPlL ; f; nfhLj;jdH.
vd; jiytdhfpa ,uhkd;> jhd; Ml;rpGhpa Ntz;ba ehl;ilf;
nfhLj;Jtpl;L te;jhH. gujNdh> ehk; Ml;rp nra;Ak; ,e;jf; fhl;il
Ml;rp nra;a gil vLj;J te;Js;shd; vd;whd; Ffd;.
3. Rkj;jpud; gujdplk; Ffdpd; gz;ghf vLj;Jiug;gij vOJ.
fq;ifahw;wpd; ,uz;L fiug;gFjpapy; cs;s epyq;fisAk;
jdf;F nrhe;jkhf cilatd;. mstw;w glFfisf; nfhz;ltd;.
cq;fs; #hpa tk;rj;jpy; jpUmtjhuk; nra;jUspa xg;gw;w jiytd;.
,uhkDf;F ey;y ez;gd;. caHe;j Njhs;fis cilatd;. kjk;
gpbj;j Mz;ahidia xj;jtd;. tpy;iyf; ifapy; gpbj;Js;s
NtlHfisf; nfhz;l Nridia cilatd;. kzk;tPRk; FspHe;j
khiyia mzpe;Js;std;. mtd; Ffd; vd;fpd;w ngaiu cilatd;.
34
kw;Nghhpy; vy;iy fz;l mofpa neba Njhis cilatd;.
fhHfhyj;jpy; nga;Ak; kioia xj;j jpUNkdp cilatd;. kiyia
Nghd;W typik cilatd;. ,uhkdplk; vy;iy fhzKbahj Ngud;G
nfhz;ltd;. mtd; tbtj;ijg; ghHj;jhy; ,Uisf; fz;lhw; Nghd;w
clk;ig cilatd;. eP nry;fpd;w topapd; vjphpy; cd;idg; ghHf;Fk;
kdk; cilatdha; epd;W nfhz;L ,Uf;fpwhd; vd Rkj;jpud;
gujdplk; $wpdhd;.
fy;fhZk; jpz;ikahd; fiu fhzhf; fhjyhd;
my;fhzpy; fz;L mida moF mike;j Nkdpahd;
ky;fhZk; jpU neLe;Njhs; kiofhZk; kzpepwj;jha;
epd;fhZk; cs;sj;jhd; newp vjpH epd;wdd; vd;whd;
4. gujd; Ffd; re;jpg;gpy; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fis vOJ.
FfdJ ey;ypay;Gfis Rke;jpud; vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhd;. ek;
murdhfpa ,uhkd; tdk; GFe;j Kd;Ng md;G nra;j ,dpa
Jiztd; vd;whd;. ,jidf; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;L ,Ue;j ey;y kdj;ij
cilatdhd gujd; ehNd nrd;W Ffid fhZNtd; vd;W nrhy;yp
Gwg;gl;lhd;.
kuThpahfpa Milia cLj;jpAk;> GOjp gbe;j clk;igAk;>
xspapoe;j re;jpuidg;Nghy Kfj;ij cilatdhf ,Ue;j gujdpd;
Njhw;wj;ij Ffd; fz;lhd;. jd; ifapy; ,Ue;j tpy;yhdJ jhNd
epyj;jpd; fPo; tpOk;gb Jd;gj;jhy; fyf;fKw;W xU nraYk; ,d;wp
epd;wthNw ,Ue;jhd;.
tw;fiyapd; cilahid khRaile;j nka;ahid
ey;fiy ,y; kjp vd;d eif ,oe;j Kfj;jhidf;
fy;fdpaf; fdpfpd;w Jauhidf; fz; cw;whd;
Mlthpy; rpwe;j ,g;gujDk; vd; jiytdhfpa ,uhkid
xj; j pUf; f pwhd; . mUfpy; ,Uf; f pd; w rj; J Uf; f dd; ,uhkdJ
cld;gphpahj; jk;gpahfpa ,yf;Ftidg; NghyNt cs;shd;. ,g;gujd;
jtj;jpw;Fhpa Ntlk; Nkw;nfhz;Ls;shd;. ,td; gLfpw Jd;gj;jpw;F
msNt ,y;iy. ,uhkd; nrd;w njd;jpiriag; ghHj;J mt;tg;nghOJ
tzq;Ffpwhd;. Mjypd; ,tHfs; ,uhkDf;Fg; gpd; gpwe;j jk;gpfs;
jtW nra;thH vd;W ehd; vz;zpaJ ngUe;jtW vd;W epidj;jhd;.
fq;ifapd; tlfiuf;F te;J jd;id vjphpNy Fk;gpl;l gujidf;
Ffd; tzq;fpdhd;. jhkiuapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; gpukid tzq;Fk;
rpwg;Gg; ngw;w gujd; FfdJ jpUtbapy; tpOe;J tzq;fpdhd;.
,jid>
35
me;jzDk; jid tzq;Fk; mtDk; mtdb tPo;e;jhd;
je;ijapYk; fsp$uj; jOtpdhd; jfT cilNahH
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. ,e;epfo;itf; fz;L eLTepiyikapy; cs;s
rpwe;j rhd;NwhHfs; kdj;jpYk; jiyapYk; Vw;wpg; Nghw;WtH.
mj; j ifa rpwg; G ila ew; g z; G fs; nfhz; l FfDk; > ngw; w
je;ijapDk; kfpo;r;rp mile;J gujid khHNghL mizj;Jf;
nfhz;lhd;.
Gfo; cilatNd! cd; jhahfpa ifNfapapd; tuk; vd;Dk;
thHj;ijiaf; nfhz;L cd; je;ijahfpa jrujd; Nfhriy ehl;L
murhl;rpia mspj;jhd;. mjw;F jPatpid te;J NrHe;jJNghyf;
fUjpf; iftpl;lha;. Kfj;jpy; ftiy nfhz;ltdha; tdj;jpw;F
te;jha;. cdJ ey;y ,ay;Gfis ghHf;Fk;nghOJ Mapuk; ,uhkHfs;
NrH;ej
; hYk; cd; xUtUf;F <lhf KbANkh vd;whd; Ffd;. ,jid>
jhAiu nfhz;L jhij cjtpa juzp jd;idj;
jPtpid vd;d ePj;Jr; rpe;jid Kfj;jpy; Njf;fpg;
vd;fpwhH fk;gH. caHe;j cj;jkf; Fzq;fisAk;> typikahd
NjhisAk; cila gujNd! mwptpy;yhj Ntldhfpa ehd; cd;id
vt;thW Gfo KbAk;.
5. fk;gH> fq;ifahw;wpy; glFfSk;> gilfSk; nry;Yk; mofpid
vt;thW tUzpj;Js;shH?
Ffd; fhl;ba ,lj;Jf;Fg; gujd; Nkfk;Nghy tpiuthfr;
nrd;whd;. tpy;Nye;jpa ePz;l iffisAila ,uhkd; jq;fpapUe;j
fw;fspd; ,ilNa gug;gg; ngw;w Gy;yhy; Md gLf;ifiag; ghHj;jhd;.
Jauk; jhq;fhJ fz;zi P u cila fz;Zilatdhf tpsq;fpdhd;.
ngz;fs; eil Nghd;Wk;> md;dg; gwitfs; ehzg;gLk;
gbahf glF ePhpy; nry;YfpwJ. mit mf;fiuapy; cs;stHfis
,f;fiuf;Fk;> ,f;fiuapy; cs;stHfis mf;fiuf;Fk; Vw;wp
,wf;fpd;wd. ,it ghHg;gjw;F NjtNyhfj;jpy; cs;Nshiu Vw;wp
,wf;Fk; Gz;zpak;> ghtk; vd;Dk; ,Utpidiar; nrhy;Yk;gbahf
,Ue;jd. glFfs; fq;if KOtJk; epuk;gp ,Ue;jd.
eq;ifaH eilapd; md;dk; ehz; cW nrytpd; ehtha;
fq;ifAk; ,lk; ,yhik kpile;jd fye;j vq;Fk;
mq;nfhL ,q;F ,opj;jp Vw;Wk; mikjpapd; mkuH itaj;J
,q;nfhL mq;F ,opj;jp Vw;Wk; ,Utpid vd;dy; Md
gujdpd; fl;lisia Rkj;jpud; Vw;W nfhz;lhd;. Rkj;jpud;
Fjpiufs; G+lb; a Njiur; nrYj;Jtjpy; ty;ytd;. mtd; kuGfspd;gb
ahid> Fjpiu> NjH> tPuH vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk; ehw;gilfis
glFfspy; Vw;wpdhd;. glfhdJ xsptPRk; kzpfis miyfshy;
vwpfpd;w fq;ifahw;iw fle;J mf;fiunrd;wJ.
36
kuf;fyq;fs; mfpy;fl;ilahy; cz;lhf;fg; ngw;wd. mtw;wpy;
Gifiag; Nghd;w mofpa kapy;Njhiffs; fl;lg;ngw;W ,Ue;jd.
mUk;G Nghd;w cWg;igj; jiyapy; nfhz;l jz;Lfs; gha;kukhfj;
Njhd;wpd. Nkfepwkhd JzpNahL fl;lg;ngw;w nrk;nghd;dhy; Mfpa
jfl;bd; ,ilNa moFwj; ijj;j Kj;Jf;fshy; tpsq;Fk; nfhbfs;
ePzl
; ghahfj; Njhd;wpd. rpwpa kuf;fyq;fs; nghpa gha;kuf; fg;gy;fs;
Nghyr; nrd;wd. ,jid>
mfpy;,L J}gk; md;d Ma;kapy; gPypMHj;j
Kfpo;cil Kuz; khj;jz;L $k;Gvd Kfpypd; tz;zj;
JfpnyhL njhLj;j nrk;nghd; jfL,il njhLj;j Kj;jk;
eFnfhb neba ghapd; et;vdr; nrd;w ehtha;
vd ,aw;ifeaj;NjhL fk;gH tUzpj;Js;shH.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. gujdpd; giliaf; fz; L Ffd; vz; z paijAk; > jd;
gilapdUf;F ,l;l fl;lisiaAk; vOJf.
Kd;Diu :
Nfhryehl;il tpl;L gujd; jd; mz;zd; ,uhkidj;Njb
fhl; b w; F NridfSld; tUfpwhd; . mtd; fq; i f fiuia
mile;jTld;> Ffd; mtid Vwpl;L ghHf;fpwhd;. jd; tPuHfisg;
ghHj;J NghUf;F jahuhFq;fs; vd fl;lisapLfpwhd;.
gujd; gilNahL fq;if fiuia miljy; :
nghd;dhy; nra;ag;ngw;w tPuf;foiy mzpe;j xg;gw;w vspa
Nridia cilad; gujd;. mtd; fhtphp ghAk; Nrhoehl;il xj;j
tay; tsk; nghUe;jpa Nfhry ehl;il tpl;L ,q;F te;Js;shd;.
kuk;> nrb Kjypa jhtuq;fshfpa epiyj;jpizfSk;> gwit>
tpyq;F> kdpjH> NjtH Kjypa ,aq;F jpizfSk; tUe;jpl fq;iff;
fiuia te;J mile;jhd;.
Ffd; :
NtlHfspd; jiytdhf ,Ug;gtd;. vkid xj;j Mw;wy;
nfhz;ltd;. Ffd; vd;w ngaiu cilad;. mtd; gujdpd; gilia
xU J}rpNghy Nehf;fpdhd;. ,fo;r;rpr; rphpg;G Njhd;w fz;fspy;
neUg;G gwe;jd. ehrpapypUe;J GifntspNawpd. Nfhgj;jhy; NkNywpa
tise;j GUtj;ijf; nfhz;ltdhf Ffd; fhzg;gl;lhd;. iffspy;
NghUf;Fhpa tpy;iy cilatdhf tpsq;fpdhd;. ,jid>
eifkpff; fz;fs; jP ehw ehrpapy;
Gifcwf; Fdpg;GWk;
37
vd;fpwhH fk;gH. jPik cz;lhf capHfSf;F ,Wjp ehs; te;jnghOJ
mtw;wpd; capiu vLf;Fk; #yj;ijf; ifapy; Ve;jpa akdhf
,Ug;gtd;. tpy;tpj;ijapy; NjHe;jtd;. Ie;J yl;rk; tbtk; vLj;jhw;
Nghd;W typa clk;Gila Nridia cilatd;.
,ilapy; fl;lg;ngw;Ws;s cilthis cilatd;. gw;fshy;
cjl;ilf; fbj;Jf; nfhz;L ,Ug;gtd;. fLikahfg; NgRk; nrhw;fis
cilatd;. fz;fs; tpopj;Jg; ghHf;Fk; neUg;Gj; jd;ikia
cilatd;. mbf;fg; ngUk; cLf;ifia cilatd;. NghUf;fhd
CJ nfhk;gpid cilatd;. NghH mUfpy; te;Jtpl;lJ vd;W
G+hpg;ghy; kfpOk; Njhs;fis cilatd;.
fl;ba Rhpifad; fbe;j thapdd;
ntl;ba nkhopapdd; tpopf;Fk; jPapdd;
nfhl;ba Jbapdd; Fwpf;Fk; nfhk;gpdd;
fpl;baJ mkHvdf; fpsUk; Njhspdd;
gujid NghUf;F mioj;jy; :
,e; j g; gujNrid KOtJk; vypfshFk; . ehd; ,e; j
vypfisj; jpd;W xopf;Fk; ghk;ghNtd; vd;W tPuthHj;ij Ngrpdhd;.
typik nghUe;jpa cyfj;jpy; thOk; typa efj;ij cila
Gypfs; vy;yhk; xNu ,lj;jpy; te;J NrHe;jd vd;W $Wk;gbahf
Muthuk; nra;J jdJ Nridia kfpo;r;rpAld; NghUf;F kfpo;e;J
mioj;jhd;.
Ffd; jd; gilapdUf;F ,l;l fl;lis :
njd;fiu te;J NrHe;j Ffd; jd;dhy; miof;fg;gl;Lj;
jd;Kd; epw;Fk; NtlHfisf; fz;lhd;. mg;NghJ vd; capHNghy
rpwe;j Njhodhfpa ,uhkDf;F nghpa murhl;rpiag; ngWtjw;Fj;
jilahf tlfiuapy; te;J epw;Fk; Nridia vjpHf;fNtz;Lk;.
tPuHfis ghHj;J> Nghhpidj; njhlq;f cs;Nsd;. ePq;fSk; mjw;F
cld;gLtPHfsh vd;W Nfl;lhd;.
NghHg; giwfis mbAq;fs;. njd;fiuapy; tUtjw;Fhpa
topfisAk;> VWtjw;Fhpa JiwfisAk; mopj;J ePf;fp ,y;yhky;
nra;Aq;fs;. Njhzpfisf; fq;ifapy; Xl;lhjPHfs;. tpiue;J miytPrp
tUfpd;w fq;ifahw;wpd; njd;fiuf;F te;jtHfisg; gpbAq;fs;.
,wf;Fk;gb mopAq;fs; vd;W tPuthHj;ijfis Ffd; $wpdhd;.
Jbvwp newpfSk; JiwAk; Rw;Ww
Xbvwp mk;gpfs; ahJk; Xl;lypH
fbvwp fq;ifapd; fiu te;NjhHfisg;
gpbvwp gl vdg; ngaHj;Jk; $Wthd;
38
fhpa epwkhd jpUNkdp mofdhfpa ,uhkd; Ml;rp chpik
va;jhjgb #o;r;rpahy; ftHe;j mikr;rUk; kd;dUk;(gujDk;)
te;Js;shHfs;. neUg;igf; ff;Fk; vd; rpte;j mk;Gfs; ,tHfs;
Nky; nry;yhky; Ngha;tpLNkh? vd; mk;Gf;Fj; jg;gp capH gpioj;J
Ngha;tpl;lhy;; Ffd;> eha; Nghd;w fPo;j;jd;ik cilatd; vd;W
vd;id ,fo;e;Jf; $WthHfs; vd;whd;.
Moj;ijAk;> ePz;l miyfisAk; cila fq;ifahw;iw
fle;J njd;fiug; gFjpf;Fr; nry;thHfsh? nghpa ahidg; giliaf;
fz;L GwKJF fhl;b nry;Yfpd;w tpy; tPud; ehd; my;yd;. ,uhkd;>
cdf;Fk; vdf;Fk; el;G vd;W $wpa xU nrhy; kjpf;fg;glNtz;ba
nrhy; MFk;. mw;gdhfpa ,e;j Ntld; ,uhkNdhL el;G nfhz;L
guj Nridf;Fg; gae;J ,Uf;fkhl;Nld;. ,uhkid vjpHf;Fk; gujNdhL
el; G nfhz; L khdk; nfl; L tho; t ijtpl ,we; J tpLNtd; .
,t;Tyfj;jhH jd;id tPz;gopr; nrhy;ypw;F Mshf;FtH vd;W $wp
Ffd; tUe;jpdhd;. ,jid>
Mo neLe;jpiu MW fle;J ,tH NghthNuh
Nto neLk;gil fz;L tpyq;fpLk; tpy;yhsh
Njhoik vd;W mtH nrhy;ypa nrhy; xU nrhy;yd;Nwh
Vioik Ntld; ,we;jpyd; vd;nwid VrhNuh
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. jUkj;jpd; JiztHfsha; tpsq;Fk; ,uhk
,yf;FtHfs; MSk;gb NtlHfs; ,e;jg; G+kpia kPlL ; f; nfhLj;jdH.
vd; jiytdhfpa ,uhkd;> jhd; Ml;rpGhpa Ntz;ba ehl;ilf;
nfhLj;Jtpl;L te;jhH. gujNdh> ehk; Ml;rp nra;Ak; ,e;jf; fhl;il
Ml;rp nra;a gil vLj;J te;Js;shd; vd;whd; Ffd;.
KbTiu :
gujidf; fz;l Ffdpd; nraiyAk;> gujdpd; Njhw;wj;ijf;
fz;l Ffdpd; epiyiaAk; fk;gH Ffg;glyj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shH.
2. gujd; Ffd; re;jpg;gpy; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fisAk;> fq;ifahw;wpy;
ehtha;fSk; gilfSk; nrd;w mofpidAk; vLj;Jiuf;f.
Kd;Diu :
Ffdpd; ey;y Fzq;fis gujd; mwpe;Jf; nfhz;lhd;.
gpd;G Ffid re;jpj;jhd;. gujdpd; Njhw;wj;ijf; fz;l Ffd;
tpae;jhd;. gujid Ffd; gythwhf Gfo;e;J Ngrpdhd;. jd;
fg;gy;fspy; glFfis Vw;wpf;nfhz;L fiuapy; tpl;L te;jhd;.
gujd; Ffid re;jpj;jy; :
FfdJ ey;ypay;Gfis Rke;jpud; vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhd;. ek;
murdhfpa ,uhkd; tdk; GFe;j Kd;Ng md;G nra;j ,dpa
Jiztd; vd;whd;. ,jidf; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;L ,Ue;j ey;y kdj;ij
cilatdhd gujd; ehNd nrd;W Ffid fhZNtd; vd;W nrhy;yp
Gwg;gl;lhd;.
39
gujdpd; Njhw;wk; :
kuThpahfpa Milia cLj;jpAk;> GOjp gbe;j clk;igAk;>
xspapoe;j re;jpuidg;Nghy Kfj;ij cilatdhf ,Ue;j gujdpd;
Njhw;wj;ij Ffd; fz;lhd;. jd; ifapy; ,Ue;j tpy;yhdJ jhNd
epyj;jpd; fPo; tpOk;gb Jd;gj;jhy; fyf;fKw;W xU nraYk; ,d;wp
epd;wthNw ,Ue;jhd;.
tw;fiyapd; cilahid khRaile;j nka;ahid
ey;fiy ,y; kjp vd;d eif ,oe;j Kfj;jhidf;
fy;fdpaf; fdpfpd;w Jauhidf; fz; cw;whd;
Mlthpy; rpwe;j ,g;gujDk; vd; jiytdhfpa ,uhkid
xj; j pUf; f pwhd; . mUfpy; ,Uf; f pd; w rj; J Uf; f dd; ,uhkdJ
cld;gphpahj; jk;gpahfpa ,yf;Ftidg; NghyNt cs;shd;. ,g;gujd;
jtj;jpw;Fhpa Ntlk; Nkw;nfhz;Ls;shd;. ,td; gLfpw Jd;gj;jpw;F
msNt ,y;iy. ,uhkd; nrd;w njd;jpiriag; ghHj;J mt;tg;nghOJ
tzq;Ffpwhd;. Mjypd; ,tHfs; ,uhkDf;Fg; gpd; gpwe;j jk;gpfs;
jtW nra;thH vd;W ehd; vz;zpaJ ngUe;jtW vd;W epidj;jhd;.
gujidf; Ffd; tzq;Fjy; :
fq;ifapd; tlfiuf;F te;J jd;id vjphpNy Fk;gpl;l
gujidf; Ffd; tzq;fpdhd;. jhkiuapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; gpukid
tzq;Fk; rpwg;Gg; ngw;w gujd; FfdJ jpUtbapy; tpOe;J
tzq;fpdhd;. ,jid>
me;jzDk; jid tzq;Fk; mtDk; mtdb tPo;e;jhd;
je;ijapYk; fsp$uj; jOtpdhd; jfT cilNahH
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. ,e;epfo;itf; fz;L eLTepiyikapy; cs;s
rpwe;j rhd;NwhHfs; kdj;jpYk; jiyapYk; Vw;wpg; Nghw;WtH.
mj; j ifa rpwg; G ila ew; g z; G fs; nfhz; l FfDk; > ngw; w
je;ijapDk; kfpo;r;rp mile;J gujid khHNghL mizj;Jf;
nfhz;lhd;.
gujid Ffd; tho;j;Jjy; :
Gfo; cilatNd! cd; jhahfpa ifNfapapd; tuk; vd;Dk;
thHj;ijiaf; nfhz;L cd; je;ijahfpa jrujd; Nfhriy ehl;L
murhl;rpia mspj;jhd;. mjw;F jPatpid te;J NrHe;jJNghyf;
fUjpf; iftpl;lha;. Kfj;jpy; ftiy nfhz;ltdha; tdj;jpw;F
te;jha;. cdJ ey;y ,ay;Gfis ghHf;Fk;nghOJ Mapuk; ,uhkHfs;
NrH;ej
; hYk; cd; xUtUf;F <lhf KbANkh vd;whd; Ffd;. ,jid>
jhAiu nfhz;L jhij cjtpa juzp jd;idj;
jPtpid vd;d ePj;Jr; rpe;jid Kfj;jpy; Njf;fpg;
vd;fpwhH fk;gH. caHe;j cj;jkf; Fzq;fisAk;> typikahd
NjhisAk; cila gujNd! mwptpy;yhj Ntldhfpa ehd; cd;id
vt;thW Gfo KbAk;.
40
fq;ifahw;wpy; glFfSk; gilfSk; :
Ffd; fhl;ba ,lj;Jf;Fg; gujd; Nkfk;Nghy tpiuthfr;
nrd;whd;. tpy;Nye;jpa ePz;l iffisAila ,uhkd; jq;fpapUe;j
fw;fspd; ,ilNa gug;gg; ngw;w Gy;yhy; Md gLf;ifiag; ghHj;jhd;.
Jauk; jhq;fhJ fz;zi P u cila fz;Zilatdhf tpsq;fpdhd;.
ngz;fs; eil Nghd;Wk;> md;dg; gwitfs; ehzg;gLk;
gbahf glF ePhpy; nry;YfpwJ. mit mf;fiuapy; cs;stHfis
,f;fiuf;Fk;> ,f;fiuapy; cs;stHfis mf;fiuf;Fk; Vw;wp
,wf;fpd;wd. ,it ghHg;gjw;F NjtNyhfj;jpy; cs;Nshiu Vw;wp
,wf;Fk; Gz;zpak;> ghtk; vd;Dk; ,Utpidiar; nrhy;Yk;gbahf
,Ue;jd. glFfs; fq;if KOtJk; epuk;gp ,Ue;jd.
eq;ifaH eilapd; md;dk; ehz; cW nrytpd; ehtha;
fq;ifAk; ,lk; ,yhik kpile;jd fye;j vq;Fk;
mq;nfhL ,q;F ,opj;jp Vw;Wk; mikjpapd; mkuH itaj;J
,q;nfhL mq;F ,opj;jp Vw;Wk; ,Utpid vd;dy; Md
gujdpd; fl;lisia Rkj;jpud; Vw;W nfhz;lhd;. Rkj;jpud;
Fjpiufs; G+lb; a Njiur; nrYj;Jtjpy; ty;ytd;. mtd; kuGfspd;gb
ehw;gilfis glFfspy; Vw;wpdhd;. glfhdJ fq;ifahw;iw fle;J
mf;fiuf;F nrd;wJ.
kuf;fyq;fs; mfpy;fl;ilahy; cz;lhf;fg; ngw;wd. mtw;wpy;
Gifiag; Nghd;w mofpa kapy;Njhiffs; fl;lg;ngw;W ,Ue;jd.
mUk;G Nghd;w cWg;igj; jiyapy; nfhz;l jz;Lfs; gha;kukhfj;
Njhd;wpd. Nkfepwkhd JzpNahL fl;lg;ngw;w nrk;nghd;dhy; Mfpa
jfl;bd; ,ilNa moFwj; ijj;j Kj;Jf;fshy; tpsq;Fk; nfhbfs;
ePzl; ghahfj; Njhd;wpd. rpwpa kuf;fyq;fs; nghpa gha;kuf; fg;gy;fs;
Nghyr; nrd;wd. ,jid>
mfpy;,L J}gk; md;d Ma;kapy; gPypMHj;j
Kfpo;cil Kuz; khj;jz;L $k;Gvd Kfpypd; tz;zj;
JfpnyhL njhLj;j nrk;nghd; jfL,il njhLj;j Kj;jk;
eFnfhb neba ghapd; et;vdr; nrd;w ehtha;
vd ,aw;ifeaj;NjhL fk;gH tUzpj;Js;shH.
KbTiu :
Ffd; Njhw;wj;jpy; fLikahdthf tpsq;fpDk; gz;gpYk;
md;gpYk; rpwe;jtd; vd;W gujd; czHe;J nfhs;fpwhd;. glFfspy;
ehw;gilfis Vw;wpf;nfhz;L fiuapy; NrHj;jtd; vd fk;gH
Ffg;glyj;jpy; vLj;jhz;Ls;shH.
41
5. tpy;ypghujk;
cY}fd; J}Jr; rUf;fk;
tlnkhopapy; tpahrH vOjpa tpahr ghujj;ij kpfr; rpwe;j
Kiwapy; jkpo;g;gLj;jpatH tpy;ypGj;J}uho;thH. mtH ngaUld;
,ize;J tpy;yp ghujk; vdTk;> tpy;ypGj;J}uho;thH thujk; vdTk;
,e;E}y; miof;fg;gLfpwJ. ,J 10 gUtq;fSk;> 4350 ghly;fSk;
nfhz;ljhf mike;Js;sJ. tpy;ypghujj;jpd; Ie;jhtJ gUtk;
cj;jpNahf gUtk; MFk;. 12 Mz;Lfs; tdthrKk;> Xuhz;L
kiwT tho;Tk; tho;e;j ghz;ltHfs; jpUk;gp te;J jq;fSf;Fhpa
ehl;ilg; ngWjy; Ntz;b vLj;Jf; nfhz;l Kaw;rpfisf; $Wk;
gFjp cj;jpNahf gUtk; MFk;. ,jpy; vl;Lr; rUf;fq;fs; cs;sd.
Kjw; rUf;fkhf cY}fd; J}Jr; rUf;fk k; mike;Js;sJ.
E}yhrphpaH Fwpg;G :
tpy;ypghujj;ij ,aw;wpatH. jpUKidg;ghb ehl;by; rdpA+hpy;
gpwe;jtH. je;ij ngaH tPuuhfthr;rhhpahH MthH. itzt rkaj;jir;
rhHe;jtH. jpUtpy;ypGj;J}hpy; mtjhpj;j nghpaho;thHkPJ gw;Wf;
nfhz;ltH tPuuhfthr;rhhpahH. ,tH jk; kfDf;Fg; nghpaho;thhpd;
epidthf itj; j ngaH tpy; y pGj; J }uhH MFk; . ,tiu
tpy;ypg;Gj;J}uho;thH vd;Wk; miog;gH. ,tiu Mjhpj;jtd; tf;f
ghit tugjp Ml;nfhz;lhd; vd;Dk; FWepykd;dd; mthd;. mtdJ
Ntz;LNfhSf;F ,zq;fpg; ghujj;ijg; jkpopy; ghbdhH.
fijr; RUf;fk; :
cgg;gpyhtpaj;jpy; ghz;ltHfs; jq;fs; muir kPz;Lk;
ngWtjw;F vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;gij MNyhrpg;gjw;fhf
midtUk; mitapy; $bdH. mg;NghJ fz;zd; JhpNahjdd;
nfhz;Ls;s vz;zj;ij xU J}Jtid mDg;gp mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;
vd;whd;. gpd;dH cY}fd; vd;Dk; me;jzidg; ghHj;jhd;. mtdplk;
jpUjuhl;budpd; ehl;bw;F eP J}J Ngha; ghz;ltHfspd; kdf; fUj;ijf;
$wp mtHfSila kdf;fUj;ij mwpe;J tUthahf vd;whd;.
ghz;ltHfisg; ghHf;f te;jpUe;j kd;dHfs; jUkdplk;
cY}fd; jhq;fs; nrhd;d fUj;Jfis vy;yhk; Kiwg;gb jpUjuhl;bu
kd;ddplk; nrhy;yl;Lk;. mjw;Fgpd; mtd; jq;fSf;Fhpa ehl;ilf;
nfhLf;ftpy;iy vd;why; clNd vq;fSf;F nra;jpia Xiy%yk;
njhpAq;fs;. ehq;fs; clNd tUfpNwhk; vdf; $wpj; jq;fs;
efuj;Jf;Fr; nrd;wdH.
42
gpw ehl;L kd;dHfs; nrd;wTld; jUkd; cY}fKdptid
tzq;fpdhd;. jhq;fs; mj;jpdhg;Ghp nrd;wTld; kzkpf;f khiy
#ba tPLkH> vkJ nghpa je;ijahd jpUjuhl;bud;> rj;jpak; jtwhj
tpJud; > me; j zHfSf; F j; jiytuhd JNuhzH MfpNahhpd;
jpUtbfis Kjypy; ehd; tzq;fpNdd; vd;W $Wthahf vd;W
jUkd; cY}fdplk; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhd;. mjid Vw;W cY}fd;
mj;jpdhGhpia mile;jhd;. cY}fdpd; tuitf; fz;L JhpNahjdd;
tuNtw;W mtuJ ,U ghjq;fisAk; tzq;fpdhd;. Mrdj;jpy;
mkur; nra;jhd;.
tPLkd; KjyhNdhH cY}fid tzq;fpdH. gpd;dH ,q;F
jhq;fs; te;jikf;fhd fhuzj;ijf; $wp mUs;tHP fshf vd Ntz;bf;
nfhz;ldH. cY}fd; mitapy;> ghz;Ltpd; Gjy;tHfs; 12 Mz;Lfs;
fhl;bYk;> XH Mz;Lf;fhyk; xUtUk; mwpahjgb kiwe;Jk;
thoNtz;Lk; vd;W tpjpg;gb tho;e;jdH. mt;thz;Lfs; Kbe;J
jw;NghJ ghz;Ltpd; Gjy;tHfs; ItUk; ntspapy; te;Js;sdH.
rghkz;lgj;jpy; gy murHfs; Kd;dpiyapy; rFdpaplk; #jhl;lkhbj;
jUkd; Njhw;whd;. vdNt ePq;fs; mtd; ehl;il Mz;Lte;jPH.
me;ehl;lhl;rpia ePqf
; s; nrhd;d thHj;ijapd;gb mg;ghz;ltHfSf;F
,g;nghOJ nfhLg;gPHfsh? nfhLf;fkhl;BHfsh? Nfs;tp vOg;gpdhd;.
FUehl;L kd;dHfNs! ePq;fs; xUtiu xUtH jhf;fpf;
nfhs;Sk; Nghiu vz;zNtz;lhk;. Kd;G Mba #jhl;lj;ij jw;NghJ
Nkw; n fhs; s Ntz; l hk; . mtHfsJ ehl; i l epahakhff;
nfhLf;fNtz;Lk;. ,t;thW epahakhf ele;J nfhz;lhy; ,dp
cq;fspilNa gifik cz;lhfhJ. cq;fs; murtho;Tk; Kd;G
NghyNt ngUik ngWk;.
kWgbAk; #jhl;l topiag; gpd;gw;whky;> Njhy;tp milNthk;
vd;gijAk; epidf;fhky; ghz;ltUld; NghH nra;af; fUjpdhy;
mtHfis cq;fshy; nty;y KbahJ. typik kpf;f tPkDk;>
mUr;rdDk; Nfhgk; nfhz;L NghH nra;jhy; ePq;fs; midtUk;
moptPHfs;. ,e;j Kdpthpd; nrhy; ngha;f;fhJ vd cY}f Kdptd;
$wpdhd;.
clNd JhpNahjdd; Nfhgk; nfhz;lhd;. ghz;ltHfs;
,g;NghJ G+idiag;Nghy; cs;Ns ,Ue;J nfhz;L tPukhf NgRtJ
typik cilaJ MfhJ. ehq;fs; neUq;fpr; nra;Ak; Nghhpy;
tPuKk;> typikAk; ahhplk; cs;sJ vd;gijg; NghHf;fsj;jpy;
fhzyhk; vd;whd;.
43
mg;nghOJ JhpNahjid Nehf;fp> tpy;yhw;wy; kpf;f tpJud;>
guj;Jthrhpd; kfdhfpa JNuhzUk;> fpUghrhhpaUk;> tPLkDk; ehl;il
jpUg;gpf; nfhLj;jNy KiwahdJ vd;fpd;wdH. fHzd; ,jid
Vw;Wf;nfhs;shky; Nfhgk; nfhs;fpd;whd;. JhpNahjdd; fHzid
ghuhl;bdhd;. J}jdha; te;j cY}f Kdptid mtkjpj;J Vsdk;
nra;jhd;. ‘,e;j ehL vq;fSilaNj. ghz;ltHfs; trpj;j fhL
mtHfSf;F chpaNj’ vd;W $wpdhd;. ehl;il mtHfSf;F mspf;f
,ayhJ vd;gijj; njhptpj;jhd;. ,jidf;Nfl;l cY}f Kdptd;
mq;fpUe;J cgg;gpyhtpak; nrd;W mj;jpdhGhpapy; ele;jit vy;yhk;
ghz;ltHfsplk; $wpdhd;.
gpd;G cY}fd; Jthuiff;Fr; nrd;W fz;zdplk; $wpdhd;.
mijf;Nfl;L fz;zd; kfpo;e;jhd;. fz;zd; cY}fdplk; ePNa
nrd;W mUr;Rdid ,q;F tUk;gb nra;thahf vd nrhy;yp
mDg;gpdhd;. mjd;gb cY}f KdptDk; cgg;gpyhtpak; nrd;W
mUr;Rddplk; fz;zd; tur;nrhd;d nra;jpiaf; $wpdhd;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. tpy;ypg;ghuj;ij ,aw;wpatH ahH? tpy;ypGj;J}H Mo;thH
2. NgH cY}fk; vd;gjd; nghUs;?
,yf;fzKila rpwe;j Mz; Fjpiu
3. fhH cY}fk; vd;gjd; nghUs;? nghpa cuy;
4. tpuhl kd;ddpd; GNuhfpjd; ahH? cY}fd;
5. cY}fd; J}J rUf;fk; $Wk; jpUkhy; mtjhuq;fs;?
kr;rk;> $Hkk;> tuhfk;> eurpk;kk;> thkdd;> guRuhkd;> ,uhkd;
6. NfhtHj;jd kiyiaf; Filahfg; gpbj;jtd;? fz;zd;
7. gyuhkDf;Fk; fz;zgpuhDf;Fk; ,isa jk;gp ahH? rhj;jfp
8. mj;jpdhGhpf;F J}Jtdhf nrd;w Kdptd;? cY}fd;
9. KuRf; nfhbia cilatd;? jUkd;
10. ghk;Gf; nfhbia cilatd;? JhpNahjdd;
11. cY}fdplk; jUkd; ahnuy;yhk; ehd; tzq;Ftjhf Fwpg;gpl;lhd;?
tPLkH> jpUjuhl;bud;> tpJud;> JNuhzH
12. ehd;F Ntjq;fisAk; mwpe;jtd;? cY}f Kdptd;
13. gQ;rghz;ltHfs; ahH? jUkd;> tPkd;> mUr;Rdd;> eFyd;> rfhNjtd;
14. ghz;Ltpd; Gjy;tHfs; vj;jid Mz;L fhyk; fhl;bYk;> kiwe;Jk;
tho;e;jdH? 12 Mz;Lfs; fhl;bYk;> XH Mz;Lf;fhyk; xUtUk;
mwpahjgb kiwe;Jk; tho;e;jdH.
15. me;jfd; ahH? jpUjuhl;bud;
16. jpUjuhl;bud; mitapy; JhpNahjdDf;F ahnuy;yhk; mwpTiu
toq;fpdH? tpJud;> JNuhzH> fpUgH
44
17. rkjf;fpdp Kdpthpd; kfd; ahH? guRuhkd;
18. efj;ij ,oe;j fpog;Gyp Nghd;wtNd vd ahiu fHzd; Fwpg;gpl;lhd;?
tPLkd; (gP\;kH)
19. cY}fdplk; JhpNahjdd; vd;d nrhy;yp mDg;gp itj;jhd;?
,e;j ehL vq;fSilaNj. ghz;ltHfs; trpj;j fhL mtHfSf;F
chpaNj.
20. ghz;ltHfs; jq;fpapUe;j ,lj;jpd; ngaiuf; $W. cgg;gpyhtpak;
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. cY}fd; J}J rUf;fj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; jpUkhy; mtjhuq;fs;
vd;ndd;d?
kPd; tbtkhfTk;> Mik tbtkhfTk;> kfhNkUkiyiaj;
jhq;fty;y jpUtbfis cila gd;wp tbtkhfTk;> eurpq;f
tbtkhfTk;> epidj;jw;Fk; mUikahd thkd tbtkhfTk;> tise;j
Edpia cila Nfhlhpiaf; ifapy; nfhz;l guRuhk tbtkhfTk;>
,uhtzd; Kjypa muf;fHfis mopj;j ,uhkd; tbtkhfTk;
jpUmtjhuk; nra;J epd;w jpUkhyhfpa fz;zgpuhdJ jhkiu
kyHNghd;w jpUtbfis vg;nghOJk; kwf;f khl;Nld; vd;fpwhH
tpy;ypg;Gj;J}uho;thH.
kPik MfpAk; fklk;mJ MfpAk; NkUit vLf;Fk; J}s;
Vdk; MfpAk; eumhp MfpAk; vz;mUq; Fws; MAk;
$dy; tha; kOj; jhpj;j NfhMfpAk; muf;fiuf; nfhiynra;j
thdehafd; MfpAk; epd;w khy; kyH mb kwNtNd
2. cY}fidj; J}J mDg;Gtjw;F rigapy; ele;j MNyhridia
$W.
,e;jpudpd; Vtyhy; kiof; fy;yhfg; nghope;jJ. mg;NghJ
fz;zd; NfhtHj;jd kiyiaf; Filahfg; gpbj;Jf; fhj;jhd;.
mtd; MNyhridapy; ,Ue;j mitNahiug; ghHj;J #jpdhy;
JhpNahjdd; ghz;lthpd; ehl;ilf; ifg;gw;wpdhd;. kWgbAk; me;jr;
#jpdhy; ntw;wp ngWtJ jFjpNa MFk;. mt;thW ,y;yhky;
tpy;iyf; nfhz;L Nghiur; nra;J ngWNthk; vd;W $Wjy; mur
ePjpahfhJ. ,jidg; gw;wpa JhpNahjddJ vz;zj;ij mtd;
nrhy;Yk; nrhy;ypd; %ykhf xU J}jidf; nfhz;L njhpe;J
nfhs;syhk; vd;W vy;yh murHfisAk; Nehf;fpf; $wpdhd;.
ty; y pdhy; mtd; nfhz; l kz; k P s Tk; ty; y pdhy; nfhsy; md; w p
tpy;ypdhy; mkH kiye;J nfhs;SJk; vdy; Ntj;J ePjpaJ md;why;
45
fz;zd; nrhd;d cWjpnkhopia gyuhkd; Nfl;lhd;. gpd;
ngUikAila JhpNahjdd; rgh kz;lgj;jpy; te;Js;stHfs;
midtUk; fhZk; gbahfj; jUkGj;jpuidg; nghpa #jpdhy;
ntd;whd;. mtHfSf;F chpajha; ,Ue;j ehl;il neLq;fhyk; jd;
fPog
; g
; l Mz;lhd;. gy ehs;fs; Mz;l ehl;bid kPsTk;> typikAld;
gwpj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;F epidf;fpd;w nfl;l mwpTk; nfhLik
cilajhFk; vd;W $wpdhd;.
gyuhkdplk; JhpNahjdd; fijg;NghH gapd;wtd;. NkYk;
jd; jq; i f Rgj; j piuiaj; JhpNahjdDf; F kzk; Kbf; f
Ntz;Lnkd;W vz;zpatd;. mt;ntz;zk; epiwNtwhjgb fz;zd;
mUr;RdDf;Fr; Rgj;jpiuiaj; jpUkzk; nra;J itj;jhd;. vdNt
gyuhkDf;Fj; JhpNahjdd;Nky; mgpkhdk; ,Ue;jJ. mjdhy;
JhpNahjdDf;F Mjuthfg; gyuhkd; Ngrpdhd;.
mg;NghJ gyuhkDf;Fk; fz;zDf;Fk; ,isa jk;gpahfpa
rhj;jfp vOe;jhd;. gyuhkid ghHj;J cd; kdk; kpfTk; fUik
cilaJ. cdJ ehtpypUe;J ntsptUk; nrhw;fs; cd; Nkdpiatpl
ntz;ikahdJ vdg; gopj;Jg; Ngrpdhd;. mt;thW mtd; $wpaJld;
jd;idr; ruz; mile;jtuJ Jd;gq;fis ePff ; p mUSfpd;w fhHNkfk;
Nghd;w fz;zd; ePq;fs; ,UtUk; NgRtij epWj;Jq;fs; vd;whd;.
gpd;dH fz;zd; rpwg;Gila cY}fd; vd;Dk; me;jzidg;
ghHj;jhd;. Kdptdplk;> rpwg;Gg; nghUe;jpa caHe;j Mz; ,df;
FjpiuAk;> ngz; ,dk; FjpiuAk; NrHe;J ngw;w caHe;j rhjpf;
FjpiufisAk;> typikkpf;f NjHfisAk;> nghpa cuiyg;Nghd;w
fhy;fisAila ahidfisAk; itj;Js;std; jpUjuhl;bu kd;dd;.
mtdplk; eP J}J Ngha; ghz;ltHfspd; kdf; fUj;ijf; $wp
mtHfSila kdf;fUj;ij mwpe;J tUthahf vd;whd;. gpd;dH
fz;zd; jd;Dila ehlhfpa Jthuiff;Fr; nrd;whd;.
rP H cY}fid J}J nrd; W ,tHkzk; nrg; g p kP s ; f ! vdg; Nghf; f p
XH cY}fKld; jto;e;jtd; jdJ CH GFe;jdd; md;Nw
mofpa FspHe; j nghpa KuRf; nfhbia cila
jUkGj;jpuNd! cY}fd; jhq;fs; nrhd;d fUj;Jfis vy;yhk;
Kiwg;gb jpUjuhl;bu kd;ddplk; nrhy;yl;Lk;. mjw;Fgpd; mtd;
jq;fSf;Fhpa ehl;ilf; nfhLf;ftpy;iy vd;why; clNd vq;fSf;F
nra;jpia Xiy%yk; njhpAq;fs;. ehq;fs; clNd tUfpNwhk;
vdg; ghz;ltHfisg; ghHf;f te;jpUe;j kd;dHfs; $wpj; jq;fs;
efuj;Jf;Fr; nrd;wdH.
,e;j me;jzd; eP ,irj;jd vyhk; ,ay;Gld; ,dpJMf
me;j me;jNdhL ciuj;jgpd; mtd; epdJ mtdp je;jpyd; Mfpd
46
3. J}J nry;Yk; cY}fdplk; jUkd; $wpaij vOJ.
jUkdplk; midj;J ehl;L murHfSk; tpilngw;Wr; nrd;wdH.
gpd;dH KuRf; nfhbia cila jUkd; cY}f Kdptidg; ghHj;J
tzq;fpdhd;. mj;jpdhGhpf;F ePq;fs; nrd;wTld; kzkpf;f khiy
#ba tPLkH> vkJ nghpa je;ijahd jpUjuhl;bud;> rj;jpak; jtwhj
tpJud; > me; j zHfSf; F j; jiytuhd JNuhzH MfpNahhpd;
jpUtbfis Kjypy; ehd; tzq;fpNdd; vd;W $Wthahf vd
jUkd; cY}fdplk; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhd;. mjid Vw;W cY}fd;
J}J nrd;whd;. ,jid>
tpiunra;jhH Gid tPLkd; ve;ij nka; tpJud; NtjpaH Nfhitg;
gurpNdhk; mb vd; W gpd; chpa nrhy; gzpj; j Us; ! vd Nghe; j hd;
vd;fpwhH fk;gH.
4. cY}fid jpUjuhl;budpd; mitapy; J}Jiuj;j Kiwia tpsf;F.
ehd;F Ntjq;fisAk; mwpe;j cY}f Kdptd; mj;jpdhGhpia
mile;jhd;. jpUjuhl;budpd; mitf;Fr; nrd;whd;. cY}fdpd; tuitf;
fz;L ghk;Gf; nfhbia cila JhpNahjdd; tuNtw;whd;. mtuJ
,U ghjq;fisAk; tzq;fp Mrdj;jpy; mkur; nra;jhd;.
QhdkhKdp tuT fz;L vjpHnfhsh eaj;J ,Ugjk; Nghw;wp
Mdkhkzp Mrdj;J ,Uj;jpdd; mutntq; nfhbNahNd
tpe;jpakiy Nghd;w Njhs;fis cila tPLkd; KjyhNdhH
Kjypy; cY}fid tzq; f pdH. gpd; d H ,q; F jhq; f s;
vOe;jUspajw;Fhpa fhuzj;ijf; $wp mUs;tPHfshf vd Ntz;bf;
nfhz;ldH. mtHfspd; Ntz;LNfhis Vw;w cY}fd;> jpUjuhl;buDk;
mtd; ngw;w JhpNahjdd; Kjyhd gps;isfSk;> fHzDk;> rFdpDk;
kdk; tUe;JkhW nra;jpiar; nrhy;yj; njhlq;fpdhd;.
12 Mz;Lfs; fhl;by; tho;e;Jk;> XH Mz;Lf;fhyk; xUtUk;
mwpahjgb kiwe;Jk; thoNtz;Lk; vd;W tpjpg;gb ghz;Ltpd;
Gjy;tHfs; tho;e;jdH. mt;thz;Lfs; fope;J jw;NghJ ghz;Ltpd;
Gjy;tHfs; ItUk; ntspapy; te;Js;sdH. rghkz;lgj;jpy; gy
murHfs; Kd;dpiyapy; rFdpaplk; #jhl;lkhbj; jUkd; Njhw;whd;.
vdNt ePq;fs; mtd; ehl;il Mz;Lte;jPH. me;ehl;lhl;rpia ePq;fs;
nrhd; d thHj; i japd; g b mg; g hz; l tHfSf; F ,g; n ghOJ
nfhLg;gPHfsh? nfhLf;fkhl;BHfsh? vd cY}fd; tpdtpdhd;.
Mz;L kd;dH Kd; #JNghH nghUJ
mope;jpLjypd; mJ ePH nfhz;L
Mz;L te;j ghH Ek;nkhopg;gb
mtHf;F mspj;jpNuh? mspaPNuh?
47
ePHepiyfspy; cs;s nghd;dpwkhd rpte;j fhy;fis cila
md;dg; gwitfSk;> kiyapy; cs;s kapy; gwitfSk; xd;whfr;
NrHe;J tpisahLfpw rpwg;igAila FUehl;L kd;dHfNs! ePq;fs;
xUtiu xUtH jhf;fpf; nfhs;Sk; Nghiu vz;zNtz;lhk;. Kd;G
Mba #jhl;lj;ij jw;NghJ Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;lhk;. mtHfsJ
ehl;il epahakhff; nfhLf;fNtz;Lk;. ,t;thW epahakhf ele;J
nfhz;lhy; ,dp cq;fspilNa gifik cz;lhfhJ. cq;fs;
murtho;Tk; Kd;G NghyNt ngUik ngWk; vd;W cY}fd; $wpdhd;.
$wpdhd;.
tPkDk; tpraDk; fsk;Gfpy; midtPUk;
nghd;wpNa tpLfpd;wpdpH KdptH nrhy; ngha;fF
; Nkh? ngha;ahNj!
5. jpUjpuhl;bud; mitapy; JhpNahjdDf;F ahnuy;yhk; mwpTiu
$wpdH?
cY}f Kdptd; nrhd;d mstpy; Fq;Fkf; Fok;G G+rg;ngw;w
,uz; L NkUkiyfisg; Nghd; w mofpa nghpa Njhs; f is
cilatDk;> FUFy tk;rj;jpy; Njhd;wpatDk;> typikkpf;ftDk;
Mfpa JhpNahjdd; Nfhgk; nfhz;lhd;. ghz;ltHfs; ,g;NghJ
G+idiag;Nghy; cs;Ns ,Ue;J nfhz;L tPukhf NgRtJ typik
cilaJ MfhJ. ehq;fs; neUq;fpr; nra;Ak; Nghhpy; tPuKk;>
typikAk; ahhplk; cs;sJ vd;gijg; NghHf;fsj;jpy; fhzyhk;
vd;whd;.
,d;W G+irNghy; ,Ue;Jop ciuf;Fk; <J,fyJ md;W ,UtHf;Fk;
Jd;W G+rypy; fhzyhk; Mz;ikAk; Njhs; typikAk; vd;whd;
tpJud; :
fy;tpAk; mjd; gadhfj; J}a neQ;rk; ,y;yhj JhpNahjdpd;
Ngr;irf; Nfl;lgpd; tpy;yhw;wy; kpf;f tpJud; vOe;jhd;. mtd;
JhpNahjdid Nehf;fp> ,e;j me;jzd; nrhy;gb ghz;ltUf;F
ehl;il jpUg;gpf; nfhLj;jNy KiwahdJ MFk; vd;whd;. tpJudpd;
Ngr;irf; Nfl;lhy; ed;ik gaf;Fk;. mwptw;wtH nrhy;Yk; nrhy;iyf;
Nfl;L elg;ghahdhy; cd;idtpl;Lj; jpUkfs; ePq;fptpLths;. cd;
cwtpdUk; gilfSk; Nghhpy; mopAk; vd;whd;.
Gy; tpJ}lfhpDk; czHT ,yhjtH GfYk; thrfk; Nfl;fpd;
Nry;tp J}hpas; Ma;tpLk; Rw;wKk; NridAk; nfLk; vd;whd hd;;
48
JNuhzH :
mg;nghOJ guj;Jthrhpd; kfdhfpa JNuhzH vOe;jhH.
ehl;ilj; jpUg;gpj; jUfpNwd; vd;W Kd;G thf;FWjp mspj;jha;. eP
nrhd;d thf;FWjpia fhg;ghw;whky; Nghdha;. cd; gilfisAk;
typikiaAk; ek;gp ghz;ltHfSld; NghH nra;a epidf;fpwha;.
NghH Nkw;nfhs;tJ ngUq;Fw;wkhFk;. mt;thW eP nra;Ak; Nghhpy;
mUr;Rddpd; fhz;Bgk; vd;w tpy; nghopAk; mk;Gfs; gl;Lf; FUjp
ngUf;nfLj;J XLk; vd;W JNuhzH vLj;Jf; $wpdhH. fpUghrhhpaUk;
JNuhzH $wpaijNa vLj;Jr; nrhd;dhH.
tuj;J tha;njhWk; Nrhhp ff;fpltpLk; jdQ;rad; jD vd;W
guj;JthrDk; gfHe;jdd; fpUgDk; gfHe;jNj gfHe;jpl;lhd;
6. tPLkDk; fHzDk; mitapy; xUtiuf;nfhUtH ,fo;e;J
Ngrpf;nfhz;lij vOJ.
tPLkdpd; ciuiaf; Nfl;l fHzDf;Ff; fz;fs; rpte;jd.
efj;ij ,oe;j fpog;Gyp Nghd;wtNd! Kw;fhyj;jpy; jrujd; kfdhd
,uhkdhy; typik ,oe;j rkjf;fpdp KdptuJ kfd; guRuhkd;
Mthd;. mtdplk; tpy;gapw;rp fw;wijf; nfhz;L tPo;j;jpdha;.
mijj;jtpu NtW tPur;nraiyr; nra;atpy;iy. Mdhy; vq;fis
mtkjpj;Jg; NgRfpd;wha; vd;W tPLkid Nehf;fpf; fHzd; ,opthfg;
Ngrpdhd;.
GifiaAk; ntg;gj;ijAk; neUg;gpy; Njhd;wpa kapy; Nghd;w
rhaiy cilats; jpnusgjp. mts; mofpa kzkhiyia
mUr;RdDf;Fr; #l;bdhs;. me;Neuj;jpy; mr;rj;ijj; jUfpd;w nfhba
tpy;ypy; ehzpid Vw;wpdha;. mUr;RdNdhL NghH nra;J ntw;wp
nfhz; l ha; . xspkpf; f ntz; n fhw; w f; Filia cilatd;
JhpNahjdd;. mtid thdj;jpy; cyTk; rpj;jpuNrdd; Kjyhd
fe;jtHfs; fl;b ,Oj;Jr; nrd;wdH. mf;nfhba rpiwapy; ,Ue;j
JhpNahjid tPkd; tpLtpj;jhd;. tPkd; fe;jtHfSld; fLikahfg;
NghH nra;Ak; Neuj;jpy; eP tPkNdhL Nghhpl;L mtid ntd;wha;.
,t;tpuz;L ntw;wpAk; ntw;wpahfhJ vd fHzid ghHj;J tPLkd;
,fo;e;J $wpdhd;.
Fjpiufs; G+l;ba Njhpidr; nrYj;j njhpahj cj;jud;
Njiu tpiuthfr; nrYj;jpdhd;. mj;Njiuf; nfhz;L New;W
gRf;$l;lq;fis mUr;Rdd; kPl;Lf; nfhz;L nrd;whd;. mg;Nghhpy;
ePz;lNeuk; mUr;RdDld; NghH Ghpe;jha;. thridiaAk; NjidAk;
ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;w Jsrp khiy mzpe;j fz;zd; jdJ Njiur;
nrYj;jpdhd;. jd;idf; fz;L mQ;RgtHkPJ gil nrYj;jhjtd;.
mtid vjpHj;Jg; NghH nra;J nty;yf;$ba Mw;wy; cdf;Nf
cz;L vd tPLkd; fHzizg; ghHj;Jf; $wpdhd;.
49
7. cY}fKdptdpd; J}J KbT Fwpj;J ghz;ltHfsplk; tpdtpaJ
ahJ?
fq;ifNjtpapd; kfdhd tPLkd; thHj;ijfisr; rpwpJk;
nghUl;gLj;jtpy;iy. ghk;Gf; nfhbia cila JhpNahjdd; fHzid
tpUk;gpg; ghuhl;bdhd;. mq;Fj; J}jdha; te;j cY}f Kdptid
mtkjpf;Fk; Kiwapy; ifnfhl;br; rphpj;J Vsdk; nra;jhd;. ‘,e;j
ehL vq;fSilaNj. ghz;ltHfs; trpj;j fhL mtHfSf;F chpaNj’
vd;W $wpdhd;. ehl;il mtHfSf;F mspf;f ,ayhJ vd;gijj;
njhptpj;jhd;. ,jidf;Nfl;l cY}f Kdptd; mq;fpUe;J fpsk;gp
cgg;gpyhtpak;(ghz;ltH ,Ue;j ,lk;) nrd;W mj;jpdhGhpapy;
ele;jit vy;yhk; ghz;ltHfsplk; $wpdhd;.
gpd;G cY}fd; Jthuiff;Fr; nrd;W fz;zdplk; $wpdhd;.
mijf;Nfl;L fz;zd; kfpo;e;jhd;. fz;zd; cY}fdplk; ePNa
nrd;W mUr;Rdid ,q;F tUk;gb nra;thahf vd nrhy;yp
mDg;gpdhd;. mjd;gb cY}f KdptDk; cgg;gpyhtpak; nrd;W
mUr;Rddplk; fz;zd; tur;nrhd;d nra;jpiaf; $wpdhd;.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. cY}fdpd; J}J nra;jpf;F jpUjpuh\;bud; mitapy; ele;j
ciuahly;fis vLj;Jiuf;f.
Kd;Diu :
fz; z dpd; Mizg; g b jUkdhy; mj; j pdhGhpf; F
cY}fKdptid J}J mDg;gpdhd;. mj;jpdhGhpia mile;j Kdptd;
jhd; nfhz;L te;j J}Jr;nra;jpia mitapy; vLj;Jiuj;jhd;.
Kdptiu tuNtw;wy; :
ehd;F Ntjq;fisAk; mwpe;j cY}f Kdptd; mj;jpdhGhpia
mile;jhd;. jpUjuhl;budpd; mitf;Fr; nrd;whd;. cY}fdpd; tuitf;
fz;L ghk;Gf; nfhbia cila JhpNahjdd; tuNtw;whd;. mtuJ
,U ghjq;fisAk; tzq;fp Mrdj;jpy; mkur; nra;jhd;.
QhdkhKdp tuT fz;L vjpHnfhsh eaj;J ,Ugjk; Nghw;wp
Mdkhkzp Mrdj;J ,Uj;jpdd; mutntq; nfhbNahNd
J}J te;j fhuzj;ijf; $wy; :
tpe;jpakiy Nghd;w Njhs;fis cila tPLkd; KjyhNdhH
Kjypy; cY}fid tzq; f pdH. gpd; d H ,q; F jhq; f s;
vOe;jUspajw;Fhpa fhuzj;ijf; $wp mUs;tPHfshf vd Ntz;bf;
nfhz;ldH. mtHfspd; Ntz;LNfhis Vw;w cY}fd;> jpUjuhl;buDk;
mtd; ngw;w JhpNahjdd; Kjyhd gps;isfSk;> fHzDk;> rFdpDk;
kdk; tUe;JkhW nra;jpiar; nrhy;yj; njhlq;fpdhd;.
50
12 Mz;Lfs; fhl;by; tho;e;Jk;> XH Mz;Lf;fhyk; xUtUk;
mwpahjgb kiwe;Jk; thoNtz;Lk; vd;W tpjpg;gb ghz;Ltpd;
Gjy;tHfs; tho;e;jdH. mt;thz;Lfs; fope;J jw;NghJ ghz;Ltpd;
Gjy;tHfs; ItUk; ntspapy; te;Js;sdH. rghkz;lgj;jpy; gy
murHfs; Kd;dpiyapy; rFdpaplk; #jhl;lkhbj; jUkd; Njhw;whd;.
vdNt ePq;fs; mtd; ehl;il Mz;Lte;jPH. me;ehl;lhl;rpia ePq;fs;
nrhd; d thHj; i japd; g b mg; g hz; l tHfSf; F ,g; n ghOJ
nfhLg;gPHfsh? nfhLf;fkhl;BHfsh? vd cY}fd; tpdtpdhd;.
Mz;L kd;dH Kd; #JNghH nghUJ
mope;jpLjypd; mJ ePH nfhz;L
Mz;L te;j ghH Ek;nkhopg;gb
mtHf;F mspj;jpNuh? mspaPNuh?
ePHepiyfspy; cs;s nghd;dpwkhd rpte;j fhy;fis cila
md;dg; gwitfSk;> kiyapy; cs;s kapy; gwitfSk; xd;whfr;
NrHe;J tpisahLfpw rpwg;igAila FUehl;L kd;dHfNs! ePq;fs;
xUtiu xUtH jhf;fpf; nfhs;Sk; Nghiu vz;zNtz;lhk;. Kd;G
Mba #jhl;lj;ij jw;NghJ Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;lhk;. mtHfsJ
ehl;il epahakhff; nfhLf;fNtz;Lk;. ,t;thW epahakhf ele;J
nfhz;lhy; ,dp cq;fspilNa gifik cz;lhfhJ. cq;fs;
murtho;Tk; Kd;G NghyNt ngUik ngWk; vd;W cY}fd; $wpdhd;.
$wpdhd;.
tPkDk; tpraDk; fsk;Gfpy; midtPUk;
nghd;wpNa tpLfpd;wpdpH KdptH
nrhy; ngha;f;FNkh? ngha;ahNj!
cY}f Kdptd; nrhd;d mstpy; Fq;Fkf; Fok;G G+rg;ngw;w
,uz; L NkUkiyfisg; Nghd; w mofpa nghpa Njhs; f is
cilatDk;> FUFy tk;rj;jpy; Njhd;wpatDk;> typikkpf;ftDk;
Mfpa JhpNahjdd; Nfhgk; nfhz;lhd;. ghz;ltHfs; ,g;NghJ
G+idiag;Nghy; cs;Ns ,Ue;J nfhz;L tPukhf NgRtJ typik
cilaJ MfhJ. ehq;fs; neUq;fpr; nra;Ak; Nghhpy; tPuKk;>
typikAk; ahhplk; cs;sJ vd;gijg; NghHf;fsj;jpy; fhzyhk;
vd;whd;.
51
,d;W G+irNghy; ,Ue;Jop ciuf;Fk;
<J,fyJ md;W ,UtHf;Fk;
Jd;W G+rypy; fhzyhk; Mz;ikAk;
Njhs; typikAk; vd;whd;
tpJud; :
fy;tpAk; mjd; gadhfj; J}a neQ;rk; ,y;yhj JhpNahjdpd;
Ngr;irf; Nfl;lgpd; tpy;yhw;wy; kpf;f tpJud; vOe;jhd;. mtd;
JhpNahjdid Nehf;fp> ,e;j me;jzd; nrhy;gb ghz;ltUf;F
ehl;il jpUg;gpf; nfhLj;jNy KiwahdJ MFk; vd;whd;. tpJudpd;
Ngr;irf; Nfl;lhy; ed;ik gaf;Fk;. mwptw;wtH nrhy;Yk; nrhy;iyf;
Nfl;L elg;ghahdhy; cd;idtpl;Lj; jpUkfs; ePq;fptpLths;. cd;
cwtpdUk; gilfSk; Nghhpy; mopAk; vd;whd;.
Gy; tpJ}lfhpDk; czHT ,yhjtH
GfYk; thrfk; Nfl;fpd;
nry;tp J}hpas; Ma;tpLk; Rw;wKk;
NridAk; nfLk; vd;whd;
JNuhzH :
mg;nghOJ guj;Jthrhpd; kfdhfpa JNuhzH vOe;jhH.
ehl;ilj; jpUg;gpj; jUfpNwd; vd;W Kd;G thf;FWjp mspj;jha;. eP
nrhd;d thf;FWjpia fhg;ghw;whky; Nghdha;. cd; gilfisAk;
typikiaAk; ek;gp ghz;ltHfSld; NghH nra;a epidf;fpwha;.
NghH Nkw;nfhs;tJ ngUq;Fw;wkhFk;. mt;thW eP nra;Ak; Nghhpy;
mUr;Rddpd; fhz;Bgk; vd;w tpy; nghopAk; mk;Gfs; gl;Lf; FUjp
ngUf;nfLj;J XLk; vd;W JNuhzH vLj;Jf; $wpdhH. fpUghrhhpaUk;
JNuhzH $wpaijNa vLj;Jr; nrhd;dhH.
tuj;J tha;njhWk; Nrhhp ff;fpltpLk;
jdQ;rad; jD vd;W
guj;JthrDk; gfHe;jdd; fpUgDk;
gfHe;jNj gfHe;jpl;lhd;
tPLkd; jpUjuhl;buDf;F cWjp $Wjy; :
tPLkd; kpFe;j rpdk; nfhz;L jpUjuhl;buid ghHj;Jf;
$wpdhd;. kd;dNd! ePq;fs; epakpj;jgb fhl;by; trpj;J te;j cd;
Gjy;tHfshd ghz;ltHfSf;F tiuaiw nra;ag;gl;l 13 Mz;Lf;
fhyKk; fope;Jtpl;lJ. ,dpAk; mtHfSf;Fhpa ehl;ilj; jpUg;gpf;
nfhLj;jNy KiwahFk;. mijtpLj;J mtHfSf;Fhpa ehl;ilj;
juhJ nfhba Nghiur; nra;a epidf;fpwha;. mg;NghHf;fsj;jy;
rpdk; nfhz;L mUr;Rdd; tisf;Fk; tpy;Yf;F vjpuhf ty;yik
nfhz;ltH cd; gf;fj;jpy; ahH ,Uf;fpwhHfs; vd;W ed;ikj;
juj;jf;f thHj;ijfis vLj;Jf; $wpdhd;.
52
fHzd; tPLkid Nfhgj;NjhL $Wjy; :
tPLkdpd; ciuiaf; Nfl;l fHzDf;Ff; fz;fs; rpte;jd.
efj;ij ,oe;j fpog;Gyp Nghd;wtNd!
Kw;fhyj;jpy; jrujd; kfdhd ,uhkdhy; typik ,oe;j rkjf;fpdp
KdptuJ kfd; guRuhkd; Mthd;. mtdplk; tpy;gapw;rp fw;wijf;
nfhz;L tPoj ; j
; pdha;. mijj;jtpu NtW tPur;nraiyr; nra;atpy;iy.
Mdhy; vq;fis mtkjpj;Jg; NgRfpd;wha; vd;W tPLkid Nehf;fpf;
fHzd; ,opthfg; Ngrpdhd;.
tPLkd; fHzid ,fo;e;J nrhy;Yjy; :
GifiaAk; ntg;gj;ijAk; neUg;gpy; Njhd;wpa kapy; Nghd;w
rhaiy cilats; jpnusgjp. mts; mofpa kzkhiyia
mUr;RdDf;Fr; #l;bdhd;. me;Neuj;jpy; mr;rj;ijj; jUfpd;w nfhba
tpy;ypy; ehzpid Vw;wpdha;. mUr;RdNdhL NghH nra;J ntw;wp
nfhz; l ha; . xspkpf; f ntz; n fhw; w f; Filia cilatd;
JhpNahjdd;. mtid thdj;jpy; cyTk; rpj;jpuNrdd; Kjyhd
fe;jtHfs; fl;b ,Oj;Jr; nrd;wdH. mf;nfhba rpiwapy; ,Ue;j
JhpNahjid tPkd; tpLtpj;jhd;. tPkd; fe;jtHfSld; fLikahfg;
NghH nra;Ak; Neuj;jpy; eP tPkNdhL Nghhpl;L mtid ntd;wha;.
,t;tpuz;L ntw;wpAk; ntw;wpahfhJ vd fHzid ghHj;J tPLkd;
,fo;e;J $wpdhd;. ,jid>
J}k ntq; f dy; Njhd; w pa Njhif mk; n jhilay; #l; b a ehspy;
ehkntQ; r piy ehz; vLj; j id mlH eundhLk; NghH nra; j ha ha;;
jhk ntz;Fil epUgid me;ju rhpjH nfhz;L Vfhky;
tP k d; ntQ; r piw kP l ; l ehspDk; > jpwy; tpidGhp Kid ntd; w ha
ha;;
vd;fpwhH tpy;ypGj;J}uhH. Fjpiufs; G+l;ba Njhpidr; nrYj;j
njhpahj cj;jud; Njiu tpiuthfr; nrYj;jpdhd;. mj;Njiuf;
nfhz;L New;W gRf;$l;lq;fis mUr;Rdd; kPlL ; f; nfhz;L nrd;whd;.
mg;Nghhpy; ePz;lNeuk; mUr;RdDld; NghH Ghpe;jha;. thridiaAk;
NjidAk; ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;w Jsrp khiy mzpe;j fz;zd; jdJ
Njiur; nrYj; j pdhd; . jd; i df; fz; L mQ; R gtHkP J gil
nrYj;jhtd;. Mtid vjpHj;Jg; NghH nra;J nty;yf;$ba Mw;wy;
cdf;Nf cz;L vd tPLkd; fHzidg; ghHj;Jf; $wpdhH.
KbTiu :
tdthrk; Kbtile;j gpd;dH ehl;ilg; ngWtjw;fhff;
fz;zd; MNyhrpf;fpwhd;. mtdJ fl;lisg;gb jUkH cY}f
Kdptidf; nfsutHfsplk; J}J mDg;gpdhd;. mj;jpdhg;Ghpia
mile;j Kdptd; jhd; te;j fhuzj;ijf;$Wfpwhd;. JhpNahjdd;
ehL vq;fSf;F kl;Lk; chpaJ. ghz;ltHfs; tho;e;j fhNl
mtHfSf;FhpaJ vd;W $wpdhd;.
53
myF III
6. nghpaGuhzk;
jpUehisg;NghthH ehadhH Guhzk;
nghpaGuhzk; mbahHfSf; F vspadhf tpsq; f pa
,iwtidAk; mtHfis Ml;nfhz;l ,iwtdpd; mUisAk; gw;wpg;
NgRfpwJ. mbahHfs; ,ay;gpidr; Nrf;fpohH>
NfLk; Mf; f Kk; nfl; l jpUtpdhH XLk; nrk; n ghd; D k; xf; f Nt Nehf; F thH
$Lk; md; g pdpy; Fk; g plNy ad; w p tP L k; Ntz; l h tpwypd; tpsq; f pdhH
vd;W ghuhl;Lfpd;whH. irt rka mbahHfisg; gw;wpa Fwpg;Gfisr;
jpUj;njhz;lj; njhif
Re;juH ‘jpUj; njhif’ vd;w ngahpy; ghbdhH. ek;gpahz;lhH
ek;gp mjid tphpj;Jj; ‘jpUj; jpUj;njhz;lH jpUte;jhjp hjp’ ghbdhH. Re;juH
ghba njhif E}iyAk;> ek;gpahz;lhH ek;gp ghba tif E}iyAk;
tphpj;Jr; Nrf;fpohH nghpaGuhzk; ghbdhH. Guhzk; vd;w ngahpy;
jkpopy; fpilf;fpd;w E}y;fspy; Kjy; E}y; ,JNt MFk;. ,e;E}y;
,uz;L fhz;lq;fisAk;> 13 rUf;fq;fisAk;> 72 Guhzq;fisAk;>
4286 tpUj;jg; ghf;fisAk; cilaJ.
E}yhrphpaH Fwpg;G :
nghpaGuhzj;ij ,aw;wpatH Nrf;fpohH MthH. ,tuJ
,aw; n gaH mUz; n khopj; N jtH. meghar; Nrho kd; d dplk;
mikr;ruha; ,Ue;jnghOJ cj;jkNrhog; gy;ytuhad; vd;w
gl;lj;ijg; ngw;whH. ,thpd; fhyk; fp.gp.12Mk; E}w;whz;L MFk;.
jpy;iyapy; nghpaGuhzj;jpid muq;Nfw;wpa rpwg;gpidnahl;bj;;
njhz;lHrPHguTthH vd;w gl;lKk; ngw;whH. gpd; mtH gpwe;j Fbg;
ngauhNy Nrf;fpohH vd miof;fg; ngw;whH. Nrf;fpohH jk; E}Yf;Fr;
#l;ba ngaH jpUj;njhz;lH Guhzk; MFk;. nghpaGuhzk; ,uz;L
fhz;lq;fisAk;> 13 rUf;fq;fisAk;> 72 Guhzq;fisAk;> 4286
tpUj;jg; ghf;fisAk; cilaJ.
Guhzr; RUf;fk; :
Nrhokz;lyj;jpd; Nkw;fh ehl;ilr; NrHe;j MjD}hpy; GiyaH
Fyj;jpy; ee;jdhH gpwe;jhH. mtH gpwe;J czHT Njhd;wpa ehs;
Kjy; rptngUkhid md;wpg; gpwtw;iw epidahjtH. rptd; Nfhapypy;
cs;s Nghpif Kjyhd Kff;fUtpfSf;F NghHitj; Njhy; kw;Wk;
fl;lg;gLk; thUk;> tPiz> aho; Nghd;w ,irf;fUtpfSf;F Vw;w
euk;Gk; je;J te;jhH. gpd; mf;Nfhapypd; gpd;gf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;j
gs;sj;ijj; Njhz;bf; Fskhf;fpdhH.
54
gy jyq;fSf;Fk; nrd;W ,iwtid tzq;fNtz;Lk; vd;w
Mty; mtUf; F Vw; g l; l J. jpy; i yapy; $j; j g; n gUkhid
tzq;fNtz;Lk; vd vz;ZthH. Mdhy; mJ jk; Fyj;Jf;Fg;
nghUe; j hJ vd; W iftpLthH. gpd; kWgbAk; jpy; i yf; F g;
NghfNtz;Lk; vd Mir vOk;. jpy;iyf;F ehisg;NthNtd; vd;W
vz;ZthH. ,t;thW ehs;NjhWk; jpy;iyf;F ehisg; NghNtd;,
ehisg; NghNtd; vd;W $wpajhy; ,tH jpUehisg; NghthH vd;W
miof;fg;gl;lhH.
,iwtH mtUf;fhf kdk; ,uq;fp mtuJ fdtpy; Njhd;wp
‘,g;gpwtp xopa vhpapy; %o;fpj; jpy;iy me;jzUld; nghd;dk;gyj;Js;
tUf’ vd;W mUs; nra;jhH. gpd; jpy;iy me;jzhpd; fdtpy;
Njhd;wp ee;jdhHf;Fj; jPia %l;bj; jUk;gb ciuj;jhH. me;jzH
jPia %l;b> jhk; jPia %l;b ,Ug;gij ee;jdhHf;Ff; $wpdhH.
ehd; filj;NjwpNdd; vdj; njspe;J $j;jg; ngUkhdpd; jpUtbfis
epidj;j tz;zk;> jPAs; GFe;jhH. mtuJ gok; gpwtp NghdJ.
khHgpy; G+Z}Yk; jiyapy; rilAk; tpsq;fj; jPapdpd;W ntspg;gl;lhH.
tpz;ztH kyHkio nga;jdH. kz;ztH kfpo;eJ ; Jjpj;jdH.
me; j zH ahtUk; mtuJ jpUtbia tzq; f pdH. ee; j dhH
nghd;dk;gyj;Js; GFe;jhH. mjd; gpd;dH mtiu vtUk; fhztpy;iy.
jk; jpUtbiaj; njhOJ nfhz;L ,Uf;FkhW rptg;ngUkhd; mUs;
nra;jhH.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. nghpaGuhzj;ij ,aw;wpatH ahH? Nrf;fpohH
2. Nrf;fpohH ,aw;ngaH ahJ? mUs;nkhopj;NjtH
3. nghpaGuhzj;jpd; NtW ngaHfisf; $W.
jpUj;njhz;lH Guhzk;> jpUj;njhz;lH khf;fij
4. jpUehisg; NghthH vd;w ngaH vg;gb te;jJ?
jpy;iyf;F ehisg; NghNtd;> ehisg; NghNtd; vd;W $wpajhy;
,tUf;F jpUehisg; NghthH vd;W ngaH te;jJ.
5. MjD}H vg;gFjpapy; mike;Js;sJ?
Nrhoehl;by; cs;s Nkw;fhehL vd;w gFjpapy; cs;sJ.
6. Giyr;Nrhpapy; Fbirfs; vtw;why; Ntag;gl;L ,Ue;jd? Gy;yhy;
7. ntl;bikj; njhopiyj; jhakhf cilatH ahH? ee;jdhH
8. rptngUkhdpd; mHr;ridf;F vg;nghUis ee;jdhH nfhLj;J te;jhH?
NfhNuhrid
55
9. ee;jdH nry;Yk;NghJ jpy;iyapd; vy;iyapy; vtw;iwf; fz;lhH?
Nts;tpfspy; vOk; GifiaAk;> me;jzr; rpWtHfs; XJfpd;w
kiwfis cila klq;fs; ,Ug;gjidAk; fz;lhH.
10. %thapuk; ahfrhiyfs; vq;F ,Ue;jd? jpy;iyapy;
11. ee;jdhhpd; fdtpy; ,iwtd; Njhd;wp $wpaJ ahJ?
‘,e;jg; gpwtp Ngha; ePq;Ftjw;fhfj; jPapDs; %o;fp G+Z}y;
mzpe;j khHigAila me;jzHfSld; vd; Kd; tUthahf’ vd;W
$wpdhH.
12. ee;jdhH ahiug; ghHj;J ‘ehd; Nkd;ik mile;Njd;’ vd;W $wp
tzq;fpdhH? me;jzHfs;
13. jPapDs; GFe;j ee;jdhUf;F Vw;gl;l epfo;T ahJ?
ngha; nghUe;jpa tbtk; Ngha;> Gz;zpa tbtk; cila KdptH
Nfhyk; G+z;lhH. khHgpy; G+Z}y; tpsq;f> rilKbAk; nfhz;L
mtH jPapdpd;W ntspg;gl;lhH.
14. ehd;Kfd;Nghy; Njhd;wpatd; ahH? ee;jdhH
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. ee;jdhH tho;e;j Giyg;ghbapd; tsj;jpid vOJ.
Nrhoehl;by; cs;s Nkw;fhehL vd;w gFjpapy; cs;sJ
MjD}H MFk;. mt;T+H cyfj;jtH nrhy;ypf; nfhz;lhlj;jf;f
rpwg;Gila gioa gjpahFk;. mq;Nf ePHtskpf;f nfhs;splk; MwhdJ
nghd;idAk; ey;y kzpfisAk; jd; miyfshfpa iffshy;
vLj;Jj; jUfpwJ. mtw;iwj; jhkiu kyHfshy; Mfpa iffshy;
tay;fs; Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk;. ,jid>
Kfe;J ju,U kUq;Fk; Kshp kyHf; ifNaw;Fk;
mfd; giz ePHey; ehl;L Nkw;fhdhl;L MjD}H
vd;fpwhH Nrf;fpohH. tay;fs; epiwe;j MjD}hpd; xU gf;fj;jpy;
GiyaHfs; NrHe;J thOk; ,lk; mike;J ,Ue;jJ. mt;tplk;
Giyr;Nrhp
‘Giyr; rhp’ vd;W miof;fg;gl;lJ. mg;gFjpapy; Rw;wk; jOTjiy
tpUk;gpa chpikAila njhopyhsuhd cotH ngUkf;fs; epuk;gp
tho;e;jdH. mtHfsJ Fbirfs; Gy;yhy; Ntag;gl;l gioa
$iufisf; nfhz;ljhf ,Ue;jJ. $iuapd; Nky; Riuf;nfhb
glHe;J ,Ue;jij>
gw;wpa igq;nfhbr; Riu Nky; glHe;j gok; $iu cilg;
Gy; Fuk;igr; rpw;wpy; gy epiwe;J cdJ XH Giyg;ghb
ghly;top mwpayhk;. NkYk; mq;Fs;s tPLfspy; $Hikahd
efq;fisAk; nkd;ikahd mbfisAk; nfhz;l ngl;ilf;Nfhopapd;
56
rpwpa FQ;Rfs; jhAld; Rw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. xU gf;fj;jpy;
cs;s Kw;wq;fspy; eha;f;Fl;bfs; tpisahLk;. mtw;iw ,Uk;G
tisaq;fis mzpe;j rpWtHfs; J}f;fpf; nfhz;L XLtH. mjdhy;
eha;fF; l;bfs; nkd;ikahd Xirahy; Fiuf;Fk;. mtw;wpd; Xiria
me;jr; rpWtHfs; fl;bapUf;Fk; ,Uk;G kzpapd; rjq;if xypfspy;
mlq;fpg; Ngha;tpLk;. ,jid>
$H cfpH nky; mb myfpd; FWk; ghHg;Gf; FOr; RoYk;
thH gapy; Kd;wpypy; epd;W ts; cfpH eha;j; js;S gwo;
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. Giyg;ghbapy; cs;s Fsq;fspd; gf;fj;jpy;
gwitfspd; xyp vg;nghOJk; xypj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;.
me;epyg;gFjpapy; thOk; Giyr;rpaHfs; Njd; rpe;Jk; Ftis
kyiuAk;> $e;jypy; new;fjpHfisr; #bf;nfhz;Lk; giw xypf;Nfw;g
MLtH. ,jid>
Gs; S k; jz; Gdy; fypf; F k; ngha; i f cilg; Gil vq; F k;
js;Sk; jhs; eil miraj; jis mtpo; G+qF ; tis kJ
vd; f pwhH Nrf; f pohH. ,j; j ifa ,ay; G ilajha; tpsq; F k;
Giyg;ghbapy;> jk; cz;ik md;igr; rptngUkhdpd; jpUtbf;Nf
tpistpj;jyhy; cz;lhd Kd; czHr;rpNahL ,t;Tyfj;jpy; ee;jdhH
vd;w ngaiuAila xUtH ,Ue;jhH. mtH mt;T+hpd; ntl;bikj;
njhopiyj; jhakhf cilatH. mtH jkf;F xg;gpy;yhjtuhfr;
rpwe;J tpsq;fpdhH.
2. ee;jdhH ,iwtDf;F nra;j jpUj;njhz;bid vOJ.
,e;j cyfj;jpy; gpwe;J tsHe;J njhlq;fpa ehs; Kjy;
gpiwia #ba rptngUkhdplj;jpy; Ngud;G nfhz;ltuha; tpsq;fpdhH.
kwe;Jk; NtW nja;tq;fsplj;Jk;> jPa njhopy;fspYk; kdj;ijr;
nrYj;jhJ tho;e;jhH. jpde;NjhWk; jUkq;fisr; nra;J nfhz;L
tho;e;J te;jhH.
Chpy; tplg;gl;l ntl;bikj; njhopYf;fhd jug;gl;l khdpa
epyj;jpd; tUthiaj; jk; czTf;F Mjhukhff; nfhz;L tho;e;J
te;jhH. jk; gpwg;gpdhy; tUk; ,j;njhopiyr; nra;J te;j mtH
,iwtdpd; jpUj;njhz;by; jiy rpwe;J epd;whH. $Hikahd %d;W
jiyfisAila #yj;ij Ve;jpa rptngUkhdpd; Nfhapy;NjhWk;
nrd;whH.
Nghpif Kjyhd Kff;fUtpfSf;F NghHitj; Njhy; kw;Wk;
fl;lg;gLk; thUk;> tPiz> aho; Nghd;w ,irf;fUtpfSf;F Vw;w
euk;Gk; je;J te;jhH. MapDk; FykuGf;Nfw;gf; NfhtpYf;F
ntspg;Gwj;jpy; epd;W ,iwtd;kPJ nfhz;l Ngud;gpd; kpFjpahy;
57
Mde;jkha; MbAk;> ghbAk; kfpo;e;jhH. md;Gld; rptngUkhdpd;
mHr; r idf; F Ntz; b a NfhNuhrid Kjyhd nghUs; f Sk;
Nfhapy;fSf;F nfhLj;J te;jhH. ,jid>
NrH cw;w je;jphpAk; NjtHgpuhd; mHr;ridfl;F
MHtj;jpd; cld; NfhNuhridAk; ,it mspj;J cs;shH
vd;fpwhH Nrf;fpohH. mf;fhyj;jpy;> jpUg;Gd;$H vd;w jyj;jpy;
vOe;jUspapUf;Fk; rptngUkhid kdj;jpy; epidj;J
mt;,iwtDf;Fj; njhz;L nra;a tpUk;gpdhH. mjd; fhuzkhfj;
MjD}hpy; ,Ue;J jpUg;Gd;$iu te;J mile;jhH. rptNyhfehjhpd;
jpUtbfis vz;zp tpUg;gj;Jld;> jhk; Ntz;ba jpUg;gzpfisr;
nra;tjw;F cz;lhd Mirahy; cs;sk; xUikg;gl;ltuha; ,Ue;jhH.
jk; MjD}hpdpd;Wk; Gwg;gl;L> tUj;jKWk; epiyapy; jpUg;Gd;$H
jyj;jpw;F te;J mile;jhH.
3. ee;jdhH jpy;iyr; nry;y vz;zpaJ ahJ?
nfhd; i w kyiur; #ba rptngUkhdpd; jpUtUshy;
NfhapYf;F gpd;Gwk; cs;s epyj;ij Fskhf Njhz;bdhH. ,iwtd;
vOe;jUsp ,Uf;Fk; Nfhapiy tyk; te;J tzq;fpdhH. gpd;dH
,iwtdpd; mDkjp ngw;Wf;; nfhz;L jk; CUf;F jpUk;gpr; nrd;whH.
,jid>
,lk; nfhz;l Nfhapy; Gwk; tyk; nfhz;L gzpeJ ; vOe;J
elk; nfhz;L tpil nfhz;L jk; gjpapy; ez;zpdhH
vd ,g;ghly; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. rptngUkhdpd; jpUj;jyq;fs; gytw;wpw;Fk;
nrd;W tzq;fpdhH. cz;ikahd jpUj;njhz;ilr; nra;J tho;e;J
te; j hH. mtH md; g hdJ Nkd; N kYk; mjpfhpf; f jpy; i yr;
rpw;wk;gyj;ijf; fz;L jhprpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Dk; Mty; Vw;gl;lJ.
,uT KOtJk; cwq;fhky; ,Ue;jhH. tpbe;j gpd; jk;
FLk;gj;NjhL jpy;iy nry;y Kad;whH. mt;thW nry;y Kbatpy;iy.
MapDk; jpy;iyf;Fr; nry;yNtz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; ehSf;F ehs;
mjpfhpj;jJ. ehs;NjhWk; ehisg; NghNtd;> ehisg;NghNtd; vd;W
$wpdhH. mjdhy; ee;jdhUf;Fj; ‘jpUehisg; NghthH’ vd;Dk;
ngaH cz;lhapw;W.
ee;jdhH jpy;iyf;Fr; nry;y ehisg;NghNtd; vd;W nrhy;ypg;
gy ehs;fSk; fope;jd. mjdhy; mtuJ kdk; Jd;gj;jpy; Mo;ej ; J.
G+isg; G+g;Nghd;w gpwtpahd fl;L ePq;fg; Nghtjw;Fj; JzpT
nfhz;ltuha; ,Ue;jhH. ,jid>
ehisg;NghNtd; vd;W ehs;fs; nryj; jhpahJ
G+isg; G+thk; gpwtpg; gpzpg;G xopag; Nghthuha;g;
58
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. ghf;F kuq;fs; #o;e;j goikahd Chpdpd;W
Gwg;gl;Lr; nrd;whH. NghFk;topapy; Mz; this kPd;fs; vOe;J
gha;tjw;F ,lkhd tay;fs; #o;e;j jpy;iyapd; vy;iyia
mile;jhH.
4. jpy;iyapd; vy;iyia mile;j ee;jdhhpd; epiy vj;jifaJ?
ee;jdhH nry;Yk;NghJ jpy;iyapd; vy;iyapy; rpte;j jPia
tsHf;Fk; Nts;tpfspy; vOk; GifiaAk;> me;jzr; rpWtH kiwfis
XJfpd;w klq;fs; ,Ug;gjidAk; fz;lhH. mtw;iwf; fz;lJk;
jdJ fPo;ikahd Fyj;ij vz;zp jpy;iyapd; cs;Ns nry;yhky;
kjpypd; ntsp gf;fj;jpNyNa epd;whH. ,jid>
ky;FngUk; ,il XJk; klq;fs; neUq;fpdTk; fz;L
my;Fk; jk; Fyk; epide;Nj mQ;rp mize;jpyH epd;whH
vd;w ghly; thpapy; mwpaKbfpwJ. jpy;iyapy; Ciur; Rw;wpr;
#o; e ; j kjpypd; thapypy; GFe; j hy; mq; F kiy Nghd; w
khlq;fs;NjhWk; NtjpiffSld; nghUe;jpa 3000 ahfrhiyfs;
,Ue;jd.
MapDk; ,tw;iwf; fle;J nry;tJ mhpJ vd;W fUjpdhH.
mtUf;F jpy;iy ,iwtd;kJ P mlq;fhj md;G Nkd;NkYk; tsHe;J
ngUfpd. cs;sk; cUfp ,iwtidf; if$g;gp tzq;fpdhH. Chpd;
vy;iyia tykhf Rw;wp te;jhH. ,jid>
xg;g mhpjha; tsHe;J Xq;f cs; cUfpf; ifnjhONj
nrg;g mhpa jpU vy;iy tyq;nfhz;L nry;fpd;whH
vd;w thpfs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. ,t;thW Chpd; vy;iyia ,uT
gfyhf tyk; te;J cs;Ns nry;yKbahj jk; ,opepiyia
epidj;jhH. ,iwtdpd; jpUf;$j;ij vt;thW ehd; Fk;gpLNtd; vd
epidj;J tUe;jp cwq;fpdhH.
5. rptngUkhdpd; mUshy; ee;jdhH neUg;gpypUe;J kPz;L te;j
nraiy vOJ.
Jd;gj;ijj; jUk; ,e;jg; gpwtpahdJ jilaha; cs;sJ
vd;W kdj;jpy; vz;zp ee;jdhH cwq;fpdhH. mtUila kdepiyia
,iwtd; mwpe;jhH. mtH kdf;Fiwiag; Nghf;Ftjw;fhf ee;jdhhpd;
fdtpy; Njhd;wpdhH.
~~,e;jg; gpwtp Ngha; ePq;Ftjw;fhfj; jPapDs; %o;fp G+Z}y;
mzpe;j khHigAila me;jzHfSld; vd Kd; tUthahf’’ vd;W
$wpdhH. mt; t hNw jpy; i yapy; cs; s me; j zHfs; fdtpy;
jdpj;jdpahf Njhd;wpj; ee;jdhUf;F jP mikj;Jf; nfhLf;FkhW
fl;lisapl;lhH.
59
jk; ,iwtdpd; fl;lisia Vw;w jpy;iytho; me;jzHfs;
midtUk; Nfhapypd; jpUthapy; Kd;G mr;rj;Jld; $bdH.
rptngUkhdpd; fl;lisf;F Vw;gj; jP mikj;Jf; nfhLg;Nghk; vd;Dk;
nra;jpia jk; md;G ngUf ee;jdhhplk; nrhy;y te;jdH. ,jid>
vk;ngUkhd; mUs;nra;j gzp nra;Nthk; vd;W Vj;jpj;
jk; ghpT ngUf tUk; jpUj;njhz;lHghy; rhHe;jhH
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. ee;jdhNu! ,iwtd; nfhba jPik ckf;F
mikj;Jj; jUkhW mUs; nra;jjhy; ,g;NghJ ck;kplk; te;Njhk;
vd;W ciuj;jdH. tUe;Jk; kdj;ijAila ee;jdhH mjidf;
Nfl;L ‘ehd; Nkd;ik mile;Njd;’ vd;W $wp me;jzHfis
tzq;fpdhH. mtuJ ,iritg; ngw;w me;jzHfSk; mt;thNw jP
mikj;j mr;nra;jpiaj; jpUk;g te;J mtUf;Fj; njhptpj;jdH.
,jid>
ieAk; kdj; jpUj; n jhz; l H ehd; ca; e ; N jd; vdj; njhOjhH
nja;t kiw KdptHfSk; jP mikj;jgb nkhope;jhH
vd;fpwhH Nrf;fpohH. kiwatH mwptpj;j gpd;G njd;jpir kjpy;
Gwj;ij mile;jhH. rptngUkhdpd; NguUshy; kiwatH jPia
tsHj;j jPf;Fopapid mile;J ,iwtdpd; jpUtbfis kdj;jpy;
nfhz;L ee;jdhH me;jj; jPapidr; Rw;wp tykhf te;jhH. gpd;G
rptngUkhid tzq;fp jPapDs; GFe;jhH. mg;NghJ jPapy; ngha;
nghUe;jpa tbit xopj;Jg; Gz;zpa tbtk; cila KdptH
Nfhyk; G+z;lhH. khHgpy; G+Z}y; tpsq;f> rilKbAk; nfhz;L
mtH jPapdpd;W ntspg;gl;lhH. ,jid>
vg;ngha; jifAk; cUT xopj;Jg; Gz;zpa khKdp tbtha;
nka;jpfo; ntz;E}y; tpsq;f Ntzp Kbnfhz;L vOe;jhH
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;.
6. ee;jdhiu midtUk; tzq;fpa epiyia vOJ.
ee; j dhH nre; j hkiukyH Nky; vOe; j me; j zdhd
ehd;Kfd;Nghy; Njhd;wpdhH. mg;NghJ thdj;jpy; Je;Jgp Kurpd;
Kof;fkhdJ xypj;jJ. NjtHfs; kfpo;e;J kyiu kioahf J}tp
tho;j;jpdH. ,jid>
te;J vOe;jJ ,UtpRk;gpy; thdtHfs; kfpo;e;J MHj;Jg;
ige;JzH ke;jhuj;jpd; gdpkyH khhpfs; nghope;jhH
vd;w thpfshy; mwpayhk;. jpy;iytho; me;jzHfs; if$g;gp
tzq;fpdH. jpUj;njhz;lHfs; gzpe;J kdk; kpfTk; kfpo;r;rp
mile;jdH. Ntjq;fs; #o;e;J Jjpf;Fk; mk;gyj;jpy; $j;jhLk;
,iwtdpd; jpUtbia tzq;Ftjw;fhf ee;jdhH nrd;whH. mtNuhL
jpy;iytho; me;jzHfSk; nrd;wdH.
60
rptngUkhid tpiue;J jhprpf;Fk;nghUl;L jpUf;NfhGuj;ijj;
njhOJ tzq;fpdhH. cs;Ns GFe;J jpUtk;gy vy;iyia
mile;jhH. ,iwtdpd; jpUtbiaf; fhzr; nrd;wtH jpUk;g
tutpy;iy. mq;F epfo;e;jijf; fz;L me;jzHfs; Mr;rhpak;
mile; j dH. KdptHfs; Jjpj; j dH. jk; i k te; j ile; j
jpUj; n jhz; l Uf; F > vg; N ghJk; jk; jpUtbfis tzq; f pf;
nfhz;bUf;Fk; Mde;jj;ij mspj;J rptngUkhd; mUs;Ghpe;jhH.
,jid>
Re;juj; jhkiu GiuAk; Jiz mbfs; njhOJ ,Uf;f
me;jk; ,yh Mde;jg; ngUq;$j;jH mUs;Ghpe;jhH
vd;w ghly;thp vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. jpy;iyapy; ee;jdhhpd; nraYk;> ee;jdhiu midtUk;
tzq;fpa tpjj;ijAk; vLj;Jiuf;f.
Kd;Diu :
Giyg;ghbapy; gpwe;j ee;jdhH jpy;iyf;F nrd;W ,iwtid
jhprpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd epidf;fpwhH. jpy;iyapd; vy;iyia milfpwhH.
,iwtdpd; jpUf;$j;ij ghHf;f Kbahky; tUe;jpdhH. ,iwtd;
me;jzHfs; fdtpy; Njhd;wp ee;jdhUf;fhf jPapid Vw;gLj;Jk;gb
nrhy;fpwhH. jPapy; ee;jdhH %o;fp vOe;jpUf;f me;jzuhf fhl;rp
mspf;fpwhH.
jpy;iyapd; vy;iyia miljy; :
ee;jdhH nry;Yk;NghJ jpy;iyapd; vy;iyapy; rpte;j jPia
tsHf;Fk; Nts;tpfspy; vOk; GifiaAk;> me;jzr; rpWtH kiwfis
XJfpd;w klq;fs; ,Ug;gjidAk; fz;lhH. mtw;iwf; fz;lJk;
jdJ fPo;ikahd Fyj;ij vz;zp jpy;iyapd; cs;Ns nry;yhky;
kjpypd; ntsp gf;fj;jpNyNa epd;whH. ,jid>
ky;FngUk; ,il XJk; klq;fs; neUq;fpdTk; fz;L
my;Fk; jk; Fyk; epide;Nj mQ;rp mize;jpyH epd;whH
vd;w ghly; thpapy; mwpaKbfpwJ. jpy;iyapy; Ciur; Rw;wpr;
#o; e ; j kjpypd; thapypy; GFe; j hy; mq; F kiy Nghd; w
khlq;fs;NjhWk; NtjpiffSld; nghUe;jpa 3000 ahfrhiyfs;
,Ue;jd.
MapDk; ,tw;iwf; fle;J nry;tJ mhpJ vd;W fUjpdhH.
mtUf;F jpy;iy ,iwtd;kJ P mlq;fhj md;G Nkd;NkYk; tsHe;J
ngUfpd. cs;sk; cUfp ,iwtidf; if$g;gp tzq;fpdhH. Chpd;
vy;iyia tykhf Rw;wp te;jhH. ,jid>
xg;g mhpjha; tsHe;J Xq;f cs; cUfpf; ifnjhONj
nrg;g mhpa jpU vy;iy tyq;nfhz;L nry;fpd;whH
61
vd;w thpfs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd. ,t;thW Chpd; vy;iyia ,uT
gfyhf tyk; te;J cs;Ns nry;yKbahj jk; ,opepiyia
epidj;jhH. ,iwtdpd; jpUf;$j;ij vt;thW ehd; Fk;gpLNtd; vd
epidj;J tUe;jp cwq;fpdhH.
ee;jdhH neUg;gpypUe;J kPz;L tUjy; :
Jd;gj;ijj; jUk; ,e;jg; gpwtpahdJ jilaha; cs;sJ
vd;W kdj;jpy; vz;zp ee;jdhH cwq;fpdhH. mtUila kdepiyia
,iwtd; mwpe;jhH. mtH kdf;Fiwiag; Nghf;Ftjw;fhf ee;jdhhpd;
fdtpy; Njhd;wpdhH.
~~,e;jg; gpwtp Ngha; ePq;Ftjw;fhfj; jPapDs; %o;fp G+Z}y;
mzpe;j khHigAila me;jzHfSld; vd Kd; tUthahf’’ vd;W
$wpdhH. mt; t hNw jpy; i yapy; cs; s me; j zHfs; fdtpy;
jdpj;jdpahf Njhd;wpj; ee;jdhUf;F jP mikj;Jf; nfhLf;FkhW
fl;lisapl;lhH.
jk; ,iwtdpd; fl;lisia Vw;w jpy;iytho; me;jzHfs;
midtUk; Nfhapypd; jpUthapy; Kd;G mr;rj;Jld; $bdH.
rptngUkhdpd; fl;lisf;F Vw;gj; jP mikj;Jf; nfhLg;Nghk; vd;Dk;
nra;jpia jk; md;G ngUf ee;jdhhplk; nrhy;y te;jdH. ,jid>
vk;ngUkhd; mUs;nra;j gzp nra;Nthk; vd;W Vj;jpj;
jk; ghpT ngUf tUk; jpUj;njhz;lHghy; rhHe;jhH
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;. ee;jdhNu! ,iwtd; nfhba jPik ckf;F
mikj;Jj; jUkhW mUs; nra;jjhy; ,g;NghJ ck;kplk; te;Njhk;
vd;W ciuj;jdH. tUe;Jk; kdj;ijAila ee;jdhH mjidf;
Nfl;L ‘ehd; Nkd;ik mile;Njd;’ vd;W $wp me;jzHfis
tzq;fpdhH. mtuJ ,iritg; ngw;w me;jzHfSk; mt;thNw jP
mikj;j mr;nra;jpiaj; jpUk;g te;J mtUf;Fj; njhptpj;jdH.
,jid>
ieAk; kdj; jpUj;njhz;lH ehd; ca;e;Njd; vdj; njhOjhH
nja;t kiw KdptHfSk; jP mikj;jgb nkhope;jhH
vd;fpwhH Nrf;fpohH. kiwatH mwptpj;j gpd;G njd;jpir kjpy;
Gwj;ij mile;jhH. rptngUkhdpd; NguUshy; kiwatH jPia
tsHj;j jPf;Fopapid mile;J ,iwtdpd; jpUtbfis kdj;jpy;
nfhz;L ee;jdhH me;jj; jPapidr; Rw;wp tykhf te;jhH.
gpd;G rptngUkhid tzq;fp jPapDs; GFe;jhH. mg;NghJ
jPapy; ngha; nghUe;jpa tbit xopj;Jg; Gz;zpa tbtk; cila
KdptH Nfhyk; G+z;lhH. khHgpy; G+Z}y; tpsq;f> rilKbAk;
nfhz;L mtH jPapdpd;W ntspg;gl;lhH. ,jid>
62
vg;ngha; jifAk; cUT xopj;Jg; Gz;zpa khKdp tbtha;
nka;jpfo; ntz;E}y; tpsq;f Ntzp Kbnfhz;L vOe;jhH
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;.
ee;jdhiu midtUk; tzq;Fjy; :
ee; j dhH nre; j hkiukyH Nky; vOe; j me; j zdhd
ehd;Kfd;Nghy; Njhd;wpdhH. mg;NghJ thdj;jpy; Je;Jgp Kurpd;
Kof;fkhdJ xypj;jJ. NjtHfs; kfpo;e;J kyiu kioahf J}tp
tho;j;jpdH. ,jid>
te;J vOe;jJ ,UtpRk;gpy; thdtHfs; kfpo;e;J MHj;Jg;
ige;JzH ke;jhuj;jpd; gdpkyH khhpfs; nghope;jhH
vd;w thpfshy; mwpayhk;. jpy;iytho; me;jzHfs; if$g;gp
tzq;fpdH. jpUj;njhz;lHfs; gzpe;J kdk; kpfTk; kfpo;r;rp
mile;jdH. Ntjq;fs; #o;e;J Jjpf;Fk; mk;gyj;jpy; $j;jhLk;
,iwtdpd; jpUtbia tzq;Ftjw;fhf ee;jdhH nrd;whH. mtNuhL
jpy;iytho; me;jzHfSk; nrd;wdH.
rptngUkhid tpiue;J jhprpf;Fk;nghUl;L jpUf;NfhGuj;ijj;
njhOJ tzq;fpdhH. cs;Ns GFe;J jpUtk;gy vy;iyia
mile;jhH. ,iwtdpd; jpUtbiaf; fhzr; nrd;wtH jpUk;g
tutpy;iy. mq;F epfo;e;jijf; fz;L me;jzHfs; Mr;rhpak;
mile; j dH. KdptHfs; Jjpj; j dH. jk; i k te; j ile; j
jpUj; n jhz; l Uf; F > vg; N ghJk; jk; jpUtbfis tzq; f pf;
nfhz;bUf;Fk; Mde;jj;ij mspj;J rptngUkhd; mUs;Ghpe;jhH.
,jid>
Re;juj; jhkiu GiuAk; Jiz mbfs; njhOJ ,Uf;f
me;jk; ,yh Mde;jg; ngUq;$j;jH mUs;Ghpe;jhH
vd;w ghly;thp vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ.
KbTiu :
ee;jdhH ,iwtd;kJ P nfhz;l gf;jpiaAk;> mtuJ GiyaH
Fy tUj;jj;ijAk;> ,iwtd; mtUf;Fr; nra;j mUisAk; gw;wp
vLj;Jiuf;fg;gl;L cs;sJ. me;jzHfs; jP tsHj;jy;> ee;jdhH
jPAs; GFjy;> me;jzH Nghy MFjy; gpd;G ,iwtNdhL fyj;jy;
vd ee;jdhhpd; gf;jpia czHe;J midtUk; tzq;fpdH.
63
7. rPwhg;Guhzk;
<j;jq;Fiy tutioj;j glyk;
ckWg;GytH vOjpa rPwhg;Guhzk; Kfk;kJ egp mtHfspd;
tho;fi; f tuyhw;iwAk;> tho;tpy; epfo;jj ; pa mw;Gjq;fisAk;> mUs;
nray;fisAk; vLj;Jf;$Wk; fhg;gpak; MFk;. ,];yhkpaj; jkpo;
,yf;fpaq;fspy; ,izaw;w ngUE}yhf tpsq;FtJ rPwhg;GuhzNk
MFk;. rPwj j; vd;w nrhy;ypy; ,Ue;Nj rPwh vd;Dk; nrhy; gpwe;jJ.
rPwj
j; vd;fpw muGr; nrhy;ypw;F tuyhW vd;gJ nghUs; MFk;.
kz;Zyfpy; J}a tho;fi ; f elj;jpa Kfk;kJ vd;fpw ,iwj;J}jhpd;
tuyhw;wpidf; $WtJ rPwhg;Guhzk; MFk;. ,e;E}y; tpyhj;Jtf;
fhz;lk;> EGtj;Jf; fhz;lk;> p[puj;Jf; fhz;lk; vd;Dk; 3
fhz;lq;fisAk; ehl;Lg;glyk; Kjyhd 95 glyq;fisAk;> 5027
tpUj;jg; ghly;fisAk; nfhz;lJ.
,iwj;J}jH Kfk;kJ mtHfs; mwpahik epiwe;j Ntldpd;
Iaj;ijg; Nghf;f> <j;jq;Fiyia tutioj;Jf; fhl;ba mw;Gj
epfo;rr; piaf; fz;L Ntld; kdk; khwpaijAk;> ,iwj;J}jiu mtd;
Vw;gJk; ,g;glyj;jpy; mike;Js;sJ.
E}yhrphpaH Fwpg;G :
Kfk;kJ egp mtHfspd; fhyj;jpy; mtUf;Fj; Njhouhf
tho;e;jtH mg;Jy;yh ,g;DghfpH MthH. mtuJ topj;Njhd;wyhf
te;jtH NfRKjypahH vd;W miof;fg;gl;l nra;FKfk;kJ mypahH.
mtH NfushtpypUe;J jkpo;ehl;bw;F te;jtH. vl;laGuj;J murhpd;
el;igg; ngw;W tho;ej ; tH. mtUf;F kfdha;g; gpwe;jtH ckWg;GytH.
vl;laGu muritg; Gytuhd fbif Kj;Jg; Gythplk; jkpo; fw;whH.
glyk; RUf;fk; :
,t;Tyfj;jpy; cs;s midj;J kf;fshYk; Nghw;wg;glf;
$batH egpfs; ehafk; MthH. ,];yhkpa Ntjq;fSf;Fj; jhahf
fhj;jpLk; md;GilatH. mtNu Kfk;kJ K];jgh w#y; ry;yy;yhF
mirfptry;yk; MthH. mtH Gwf;fhDy; myPk; vd;Dk; Ntjj;jpd;
Kiwik MdtH. khHf;fj; JiztHfshd r hghf;fs; mtiur;
#o;e;J epd;whHfs;.
egpfs; ,Ue;j ,lj;jpw;F XH mwgp vd;gtd; te;jhd;. mtd;
fhypy; nrUg;Gk;> xU ifapy; <l;bAk;> clk;gpy; rl;ilAk;> ,Lg;gpy;
fl;ba fr;irAk;> Njhspy; Njhypdhy; nra;j Nflaj;ijAk; J}f;fpf;
nfhz;L te;jhd;. mwgpapd; ghHitahdJ giftHfspd; neQ;rk;
nehWq;fr; nra;Ak;. fhJfs; cSj;Jg; NghFk;. jPa nrhw;fisf;
$Wthd;. mj;jd;ik nfhz;l mwgp> egpfspd; Kd;dhy; te;J
ve;jtpj gaKk; ,y;yhky; Nehpy; ghHj;J ‘,g;G+kpapy; ePq;fs; ahH?’
vd;W Nfl;lhd;.
64
egpfs; ehafk;> ehd; ,e;j cyfkhdJ Jjpah epw;Fk;
xg;gw;w ,iwtdhd my;yhtpd; ,iwj;J}jH vd;W gjpy; ciuj;jhH.
egpfs; ehafk; $wpaijf; Nfl; l mwgp eP t pH ahtw; w pw; F k;
Kjd;ikahd ,iwj;J}jH vd;why; vd; kdk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;SkhW
ep&gpj;Jf; fhl;lNtz;Lk;. mjw;Fr; rhl;rpahff; Fw;wkw;w rhd;Wfs;
,Ue;jhy; mjidf; $wNtz;Lk; vd egpfsplk; mwgp Nfl;Lf;
nfhz;lhd;.
egpfs; ehd; ,iwj;J}jH vd;gij nka;gg ; pj;Jf; fhl;LfpNwd;.
ehd; mg;gbr; nra;jhy; eP vdf;Ff; Gwf;fhDy; my;nkd;Dk;
Ntjj;jpw;F rhHe;j fypkhit md;NghLk; epiwthd kdj;NjhLk;
cz;ikahff; $Wthah? vd;W egpfs; mwgpaplk; Nfl;lhH.
mjw;F mwgp> ,t;Tyfj;jpy; cs;stHfs; ed;F mwpaTk;>
tQ;rkpy;yh kdj;ij mwpaTk; ehd; ck;Kila topiag; gpd;gw;wp
vdJ ghtq;fshdit mw;Wg;NghFk;gb nra;Ntd;. cdJ khHf;fj;jpy;
cl;gLNtd; vd;W $wpdhd;.
mwgpaplk; egpfs; ,k;kz;Zyfj;jpYk;> tpz;Zyfj;jpYk;
ePz;l vl;Lj; jpirfspYk; cdJ kdj;jpw;F ed;ik juf;$ba
rhl;rpak; ahit? mtw;iw vLj;Jf; $Wthahf vd;whH.
ek;kpUtUf;Fk; vjpuhf tphpe;j jiyia cila <j;jkuk;
fhzg;gLfpwJ. mk;kuj;jpd; G+f;fs; rpe;jhjgbAk;> mjpy; cs;s
<j;jq;Fiyia fPNo tpohky; ehk; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;F tUk;gb
nra;aNtz;Lk;. mg;gb nra;jhy; vdJ kdKk;> thf;Fk; xd;wpa
epiyapy; ck;Kila Gwf;fhDy; myPnkd;Dk; Gz;zpa Ntjj;jpd;gb
elg;Ngd; vd;W cWjp $wpdhd; mwgp.
egpfs; ehafk; <j;j kuj;ijg; ghHj;J cdJ FiyahdJ
,t;tplj;jpw;F tuNtz;Lk; vd;W $wpdhH. <j;jkuj;jpd; FUj;Jf;fs;
NkNy vOe;jJ. vt;tpjr; rpjwYk; ,y;yhky; <j;jq;Fiy nfhj;jhf
egpfs; ehafj;jpd; Kd;dhy; te;jJ. mjid mwgp ghHj;jhd;.
‘,ijf; fhl;bYk; mw;Gjr; nray; ,t;Tyfj;jpy; ,y;iy’ vd
mwgp epidj;J egpfNshL kdk; xd;wpdhd;.
egpfspd; jpUtbfis tzq;fpdhd;. ,e;j <j;jq; Fiyia
<j;j kuj;jpy; kPzL
; k; nghUe;Jk;gb nra;tHP fshf? vd;W JzpNthLk;
mr;rj;NjhLk; $wpdhd;. mijf;Nfl;l egpfs; <j;jq;Fiyia Nehf;fp>
‘eP cd; ,Ug;gplj;jpw;Fr; nry;thahf!’ vdf; $wpdhH. mt;thNw
mf;FiyahdJ kuj;jpy; nrd;W nghUe;jpaJ.
egpapd; nraiyf;fz;L mjprak; mile;jhd;. <j;jq;Fiy
tutioj;j jd;ikAk;> mjid nghUe;jr; nra;jikAk; fz;L
65
kfpo;e;jhd;. ,J mwpitAk; mr;rj;ijAk; cila kpUfky;y! ,J
xU kuk;. mjd; Fiy Kd;Nd tuTk; NghfTk; nra;thH rj;jpaj;ijf;
nfhz;l egpfs; MtH. ,jid vz;zp egpfs; ehafj;jpd; ghjq;fisj;
jdJ jiyapy; itj;Jf;nfhz;lhd; mwgp. gpd;G fypkh vd;Dk;
,];yhkpa Ntj ke;jpuj;ij md;NghL Xjpdhd;. gpd;dH my;yhtpd;
,iwj;J}juhfpa egpfs; ehafj;NjhL xg;gw;w Njhoik G+z;lhd;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. rPwhg;Guhzj;ij ,aw;wpatH ahH? ckWg;GytH
2. ckWg;Gythpd; MrphpaH ahH? fbif Kj;Jg;GytH
3. rPwh vd;w nrhy;ypd; nghUs; ahJ? tuyhW
4. ckWg;Gytiu Mjhpj;Jg; Nghw;wpatH? ts;sy; rPjf;fhjp
5. egpfs; ehafj;jpd; nra;jp tuyhw;iwf; $Wk; E}y;? rPwhg;Guhk;
6. egpfs; ehafj;ij vg;gb miog;gH?
Kfk;kJ K];jgh w#y; ry;yy;yhF mirfptry;yk;
7. Ntjj;jpd; KiwikahdtH? Gwf;fhDy; myPk;
8. khHf;fj; JiztHfshdtH? r`hghf;fs;
9. egpia ghHf;f mwgp vg;gb te;jhd;? mwgpapd; fhypy; nrUg;Gk;>
xU ifapy; <l;bAk;> clk;gpy; rl;ilAk;> ,Lg;gpy; fl;ba fr;irAk;>
Njhspy; Njhypdhy; nra;j Nflaj;ijAk; J}f;fpf; nfhz;L te;jhd;.
10. mwgp vr;nrhw;fis $Wgtd;? jPa nrhw;fisf; $Wgtd;
11. my;yhtpd; ,iwj;J}jH ahH? egpfs; ehafk;
12. mwgp egpfsplk; nra;af;$ba mw;Gjr; nray; vd;d?
<j;jkuj;jpd; G+f;fs; rpe;jhjgbAk;> mjpy; cs;s <j;jq;Fiyia
fPNo tpohky; ehk; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;F tUk;gb nra;aNtz;Lk;.
13. <j;jkuk; vt;thW fhzg;gl;lJ? <j;jkukhdJ gpufhrj;ijf; nfhz;l
nts;spa FUj;NjhL tpsq;fpaJ. tz;zk; NkNyhq;fp vjpYk; rpijT
milahky; ,wq;fp epyj;jpd; kPjpy; tphpe;j jiyahdJ tpsf;fKw;w
epd;wJ.
14. egpfs; ahiu jk; Njhodhf Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhH? mwgpia
15. fypkh vd;why; vd;d? ,];yhkpaHfspd; Ntjke;jpuk;
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. egpfs; ehafj;jpw;Fk; mwgpf;Fk; ele;j ciuahliy tpsf;Ff.
66
#o;e;J epd;whHfs;. mtH fhpa Nkfk; epwj;ijf; nfhz;l Nkff;
FilapdJ epoYld; mUs; ngUf;fTk;> f];J}hpapd; kzkhdJ
vl;Lj;jpirfspYk; fkoTk; tPw;wpUe;jhH.
mwgp tUif :
nfhz;L te;jhd;. ,jid>
fhypdpy; fGfk; ifapy; fr;irAk;
Nky;,Lk; rl;ilAk; tprpj;j fr;irAk;
Njhy; xU NjhspDk; J}f;fp te;jtd;
vd;fpwhH ckWg;GytH.
egpf;Fk;> mwgpf;Fk; ele;j ciuahly; :
mwgpapd; ghHitahdJ giftHfspd; neQ;rk; nehWq;fr;
nra;Ak;. fhJfs; cSj;Jg; NghFk;. jPa nrhw;fisf; $Wthd;.
mj;jd;ik nfhz;l mwgp> egpfspd; Kd;dhy; te;J ve;jtpj gaKk;
,y;yhky; Nehpy; ghHj;J ‘,g;G+kpapy; ePq;fs; ahH?’ vd;W Nfl;lhd;.
nfhz;lhd;.
egpfs; ehd; ,iwj;J}jH vd;gij nka;gg ; pj;Jf; fhl;LfpNwd;.
cl;gLNtd; vd;W $wpdhd;. mwgpaplk; egpfs; ,k;kz;Zyfj;jpYk;>
tpz;Zyfj;jpYk; ePz;l vl;Lj; jpirfspYk; cdJ kdj;jpw;F
ed;ik juf;$ba rhl;rpak; ahit? mtw;iw vLj;Jf; $Wthahf
vd;whH.
67
2. <j;j kuj;jpd; Fiy jhdhf tUjYk;> kuk; Nehf;fpr; nrd;w
nraiyAk; vOJ.
mwgp epidj;J egpfNshL kdk; xd;wpdhd;. ,jid>
VjpDk; rpijfpyhJ ,ope;J khepy
kPjpdpy; tphpjiy tpsq;fp epd;wNj
vd;fpwhH ckWg;GytH. egpfspd; jpUtbfis tzq;fpdhd;. ,e;j
<j;jq; Fiyia <j;j kuj;jpy; kPz;Lk; nghUe;Jk;gb nra;tPHfshf?
vd;W JzpNthLk; mr;rj;NjhLk; $wpdhd;. mijf;Nfl;l egpfs;
<j;jq;Fiyia Nehf;fp> ‘eP cd; ,Ug;gplj;jpw;Fr; nry;thahf!’
vdf; $wpdhH. mt;thNw mf;FiyahdJ kuj;jpy; nrd;W nghUe;jpaJ.
3. egpfs; mwgpia Njhodhf Vw;Wf; nfhz;lij vOJ.
,jid>
Mjpapy; nrhYk; fypkhit md;nghL
Xjpdd; njspe;jdd; chpa ehafd;
J}JtHf;F ,td;xU Jiztd; Mapdd;
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;.
68
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. <j;jq;Fiy tutioj;j glyk; Fwpg;gpLk; KfkJegpapd; mw;Gj
nraiy njhFj;Jiuf;f.
Kd;Diu :
,iwj;J}jH KfkJegp mtHfs; mwpahik epiwe;j Ntldpd;
Iaj;ijg; Nghf;f> <j;jq;Fiyia tutioj;Jf; fhl;ba mw;Gfj
epfo;r;rpiaf; fz;L Ntld; kdk; khwpdhd;.
egpfs; NjhoHfNshL tPw;wpUj;jy; :
#o;e;J epd;whHfs;. mtH fhpa Nkfk; epwj;ijf; nfhz;l Nkff;
FilapdJ epoYld; mUs; ngUf;fTk;> f];J}hpapd; kzkhdJ
vl;Lj;jpirfspYk; fkoTk; tPw;wpUe;jhH.
mwgp tUif :
nfhz;L te;jhd;. ,jid>
fhypdpy; fGfk; ifapy; fr;irAk; Nky;,Lk;
rl;ilAk; tprpj;j fr;irAk;
Njhy; xU NjhspDk; J}f;fp te;jtd;
vd;fpwhH ckWg;GytH.
egpf;Fk;> mwgpf;Fk; ele;j ciuahly; :
mwgpapd; ghHitahdJ giftHfspd; neQ;rk; nehWq;fr;
nra;Ak;. fhJfs; cSj;Jg; NghFk;. jPa nrhw;fisf; $Wthd;.
mj;jd;ik nfhz;l mwgp> egpfspd; Kd;dhy; te;J ve;jtpj gaKk;
,y;yhky; Nehpy; ghHj;J ‘,g;G+kpapy; ePq;fs; ahH?’ vd;W Nfl;lhd;.
nfhz;lhd;.
69
egpfs; ehd; ,iwj;J}jH vd;gij nka;gg; pj;Jf; fhl;LfpNwd;.
cl;gLNtd; vd;W $wpdhd;. mwgpaplk; egpfs; ,k;kz;Zyfj;jpYk;>
tpz;Zyfj;jpYk; ePz;l vl;Lj; jpirfspYk; cdJ kdj;jpw;F
ed;ik juf;$ba rhl;rpak; ahit? mtw;iw vLj;Jf; $Wthahf
vd;whH.
Fiy jhdhf tUjYk;> kuk; Nehf;fp nrd;wJk; :
mwgp epidj;J egpfNshL kdk; xd;wpdhd;. ,jid>
VjpDk; rpijfpyhJ ,ope;J khepy
kPjpdpy; tphpjiy tpsq;fp epd;wNj
vd;fpwhH ckWg;GytH. egpfspd; jpUtbfis tzq;fpdhd;. ,e;j
<j;jq; Fiyia <j;j kuj;jpy; kPz;Lk; nghUe;Jk;gb nra;tPHfshf?
vd;W JzpNthLk; mr;rj;NjhLk; $wpdhd;. mijf;Nfl;l egpfs;
<j;jq;Fiyia Nehf;fp> ‘eP cd; ,Ug;gplj;jpw;Fr; nry;thahf!’
vdf; $wpdhH. mt;thNw mf;FiyahdJ kuj;jpy; nrd;W nghUe;jpaJ.
mwgpia Njhodhf Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sjy; :
70
,jid>
Mjpapy; nrhYk; fypkhit md;nghL
Xjpdd; njspe;jdd; chpa ehafd;
J}JtHf;F ,td;xU Jiztd; Mapdd;
vd;fpwJ ,g;ghly;.
KbTiu :
,iwj;J}juhfpa egpfs; <j;jq;Fiy tutioj;jg; glyj;jpy;
epfo;j;jpa mw;Gjq;fis fz;L mwgp tpae;jhd;. gpd;G egpfs;
mwgpia Njhodhf Vw; W f; nfhz; l hH vd rP w hg; G uhzj; j py;
ckWg;GytH vLj;Jiuj;Js;shH.
8. Njk;ghtzp
ePH tuk; mile;j glyk;
fpwpj;jt kjk; gug;gj; jkpofk; te;jtH fhd;];lhd;ba];
N[hrg; ng];fp MthH. fk;gd; fhtpaj;jpy; Njha;ej; ,tH Njk;ghtzp
vd;w fhg;gpaj;ijg; gilj;jhH. ,e;E}ypy; 3 fhz;lq;fs;> 36 glyq;fs;>
3615 ghly;fs; cs;sd. ,J VRehjhpd; tsHg;Gj; je;ijahfpa
J}a tsdhhpd; tuyhw;iwf; $WtJ MFk;. ,e;E}ypd; rpwg;ig
czHe;j kJiuj; jkpo;r; rq;fj;jpdH ,tUf;F tPukhKdptH vd;Dk;
gl;lk; toq;fpg; ghuhl;bdH. A+jHfisg; gifj;j murdpd; fl;lisf;Fg;
gae;J Foe;ij NkhaPrd; capiuf;fhf;f NgioAs; itj;J Mw;wpy;
tpLjYk;> mf;Foe;ijiag; ngw;w jhahfpa kd;ddpd; kfNd nrtpypj;
jhahfp vLj;J tsHj;jYk;> mr;#oypy; mtHfs; XH ePHr; Ridf;Fr;
nry;tJk;> Gdpj kfdhy; mr;RidePH gpzp jPHf;Fk; ngUik
ngWjYkhfpa epfo;Tfisf; $Wk; gFjpahf mike;J cs;sJ.
E}yhrphpaH Fwpg;G :
,j;jhyp ehl;by; gpwe;J fpwpj;jt rkag; gpurhuj;jpw;fhf
tPukhKdptH jkpofk; te;jhH. ,tuJ ,aw;ngaH fhd;];ld;bd;
N[hrg; ng];fp vd;gjhFk;. ,tH ,j;jhyp> ,yj;jPd;> njYq;F>
jkpo;> ngHrpad; Nghd;w nkhopfisf; fw;Wg; Gyik ngw;whH.
,tUf;Fj; ijhpaehj Rthkp vd;w ngaUk; cz;L. ,tH Njk;ghtzp>
jpUf;fhtY}Hf; fyk;gfk;> milf;fykhiy> md;id mOq;fy;
me;jhjp> fpj;Njhpak;kd; mk;khid> njhd;D}y; tpsf;fk; Kjypa
E}y;fis ,aw;wpAs;shH. ,tH vOjpa rJufuhjp jkpopy; vOjg;gl;l
71
Kjy; mfuhjp MFk;. jkpo; vOj;jpy; vfu xfuq;fSf;Fr; rpy
jpUj;jj;ij cz;lhf;fpdhH. ,yf;fpaj; jkpOf;Fk; Ngr;Rj; jkpOf;Fk;
,ilNa NtWghl;ilf; fhl;lr; nre;jkpo; ,yf;fzk;> nfhLe;jkpo;
,yf;fzk; vOjpdhH. jpUf;Fwis ,yj;jPd;nkhopapy;
nkhopngaHj;jhH. Ngr;R tof;fpy; mike;j eil> ciuahrphpaHfs;
ifahz;l eil vd;w ,uz;L Gjpa eilia GFj;jpdhH. mjdhy;
jkpOiu eilapd; je;ij
,tH ‘jkpOiu j’ vd;W miof;fg;gl;lhH.
glyk; RUf;fk; :
#ir> khpahs; MfpNahH jpUf;FkuNdhL me;j neba Mw;wpd;
mUNf te;J epd;wdH. mg;NghJ fgphpNay; vd;w thdJ}jd;
,UtiuAk; fz;L tzq;fpdhd;. mtHfsplk; vfpg;J ehl;L kd;dd;
thOfpd;w khl khspifia cila jiyefiuf; fhl;bdhd;. mjd;
mUNf ,UfiufisAk; ,bj;J Nkhjpr; nry;Yk; Mw;wpid
Rl;bf;fhl;b> ,jd; ngaH ‘ifahWifahW
ifahW’ vd;whd;. gpd;dH Nkhaprd;
gpwg;G gw;wp $wpdhd;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. Njk;ghtzpia ,aw;wpatH ahH? tPukhKdptH
2. vfpg;J ehl;il Mz;l kd;dd; ahH? ghHNdh kd;dd;
3. A+jHfs; ve;jE}y; Kiwg;gb tho;e;jdH? NtjE}y;
4. Foe;ijia Ngiof;Fs; xspj;J itj;J XLk; ePhpy; tpl;ltHfs;
ahH? VtyHfs;
5. Ngioapy; ,Ue;j Foe;ijiaf; fz;L ,td; vd; kfd; vd;W
nrhd;dts; ahH? vfpg;J ehl;L ,sturp
6. Ngioapy; fpilj;j Foe;ijf;F vtw;iwnay;yhk; mzpe;jdH?
jq;f Nkhjpuk;> rpyk;G> rjq;if
7. Ngioapy; fpilj;j Foe;ijf;F vd;d ngaH itj;jdH? Nkhaprd;
8. Nkhaprid ahH tsHj;jdH? #ir> khpahs;
9. Fsj;jpw;F mUfpy; ,Ue;j Nkhaprid fz;L kfpo;r;rp nfhz;lit
vit? thiskPd;fs;> tz;Lfs;> kapy;fs;> ehiu> nfhf;F> md;dk;
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;
1. Nkhaprd; gpwg;Gk;> kd;dd; kfs; Foe;ijia tsHj;j epiyiaAk;
Fwpj;J vOJ.
A+jHfs; NtjE}y; Kiwg;gb tho;e;jdH. mtHfs; vfpg;J
ehl;by; mbikfshf kdk; nehe;J kpf ,ope;j tho;fi ; f tho;ej
; dH.
,tHfs; thOk; rkaj;jpy; nfhLq; Nfhyhdhf vfpg;J ehl;il
72
Mz;l ghHNdh kd;dd; A+j Fyj;jpdiug; ngUk; gifahff;
fUjpdhd;. A+jHfSf;F gpwe;j Mz; Foe;ijfis vy;yhk; ntl;bf;
nfhy;YkhW Mizapl;lhd;. A+jFyj;Jf; Foe;ijfs; jk; jhapd;
ghiy cz;L capH thoj; njhlq;Fk; Kd;dNu> kd;ddpd;
fl;lisg;gb tPuHfs; gpwe;j Mz; Foe;ijfs; vy;yhtw;iwAk;
nfhd;W mopj;jdH.
#y;newp gpwe;j khjH Jzpf;Fkpd;! vd;W jk; jha;
ghy;newp capH cz;zhKd;> gifnewp rpe;JthH My;
Nkhaprd; gpwg;G :
Nrhiyapy; cs;s nfhbapy; G+j;j G+Nth! jhkiu kyH
Nky; js;shLk; md;df; FQ;Nrh! G+tpDs; jpuz;l NjNdh! mofpa
tyk;Ghpr; rq;fpDs; gpwe;j Kj;Njh! Fsj;jpy; kyHe;j jhkiu
mUk;Ngh! thdj;jpy; cyhTk; kPd;fSs; xd;Nwh! vd;nwy;yhk;
fUJk; gbahf ,g;G+Tyfpy; xU jdpj;jd;ikNahLk; A+jFyj;jpy;
xU Foe;ij Njhd;wpdhd;.
NgioAs; itj;J Mw;wpy; ,ly; :
A+jHFyj; j py; xsptP R k; Kfj; i jAilajhfg; gpwe; j
Foe;ijiaf; nfhy;yj; JzpT ,y;yhkYk;> capNuhLtpl KbahkYk;
Ntypidj; jhq;fpa VtyHfs; jLkhwpdH. gpd;dH mf;Foe;ijia
jhNk nra;j xU Ngiof;Fs;Ns xspj;J itj;J XLk; ePhpy; capH
gpioj;Jg; Nghthdhf vd;W kdk; ,uq;fp Mw;wpy; tpl;Lr; nrd;wdH.
Foe;ijia vLj;J tsHj;jy; :
jz;bd;kPJ vOe;J epw;Fk; jhkiu kyHePhpy; mire;jhLtJ
NghyTk;> fUf;nfhz;l rq;F NghyTk;> mg;NgioahdJ ePHNky;
nrd;wd. mJ nghpa efhpd; mUNf J}NuhL vOe;J epd;w ehzypy;
rpf;fpf; nfhz;lJ. mt;Ntisapy; epyTk; ehzj;jf;f xsptPRk;
Kfj;ij cilatSk;> Fd;W mQ;rp xspf;fj;jf;f cWjpahd
Njhspidf; nfhz;ltSkhd vfpg;J ehl;L ,sturp jd; NjhopaNuhL
Mw; W eP h py; eP u hlr; nrd; w hs; . ,sturp Mw; w py; eP u hbf;
nfhz;bUf;ifapy;> ehzypilNa kiwe;J epd;w mg;Ngioiaf;
fz;lhs;. jd; Njhopahplk; ~mjid vLj;J thUq;fs;| vd;W
fl;lisapl;lhs;.
nrd;W xspj;jpiuia khjH jpuspNdhL ,kpopy;Ml
epd;W xspj;jpUe;j Ngio epkpHe;J fz;L vLkpd; vd;whs;
NjhopaH vLj;j te;j Ngioapid ,sturp Fdpe;J ghHj;jhs;.
mjpy; jd; neQ;rj;jpy; Njhd;wpa Jd;gj;ijg; nghWf;f Kbahky;
fz;zHP tpl;L mOk; xU iff;Foe;ijapd; gpQ;R Kfj;ijf; fz;lhs;.
73
,sk;gpiw Nghd;w Kfj;jpy; jz;zuP hf tpOe;j gRikahd gdpNah>
kyHe;j jhkiug; G+ Kfj;jpy; cjpHe;j Kj;Njh vd;W mjprapj;jhs;.
md;G kpFjpahy; jhd; mzpe;jpUe;j mzpfyd;fisf; fow;wp
mf;Foe;ijf;F mzptpj;J> ~,td; vd; kfd;| vd;W nrhy;ypf;
nfhz;lhs;.
,f;Foe;ijf;Fg; ghY}l;b tsHg;gjw;F Vw;w ngz;kzpia
mioAq;fs; vd;W Mizapl;lhs;. jhd; thOfpd;w khl khspifia
mile;jhs;. NjhopaHfSk; mf;Foe;ijia thrid cs;s gd;dhP py;
Fspg;ghl;bdH. tpuypy; jq;f Nkhjpuj;ijr; #l;bdH. fhypy; rpyk;G>
rjq; i f Nghd; w tw; i wg; mzpe; j dH. mg; N ghJ mf; F oe; i j
tpz;kPd;fisr; #ba ,sepyhg;Nghyj; Njhd;wpaJ.
ngw;w jhNa nrtpypj;jhahf tUjy; :
muz; k idj; NjhopaHfs; mf; F oe; i japd; jhnad; W
mwpahky; ngw;w jhiaNa ,f;Foe;ijia tsHf;f nrtpypj;jhia
mioj;J te;jdH. mj;jha; mtd; jd; kfNd vd;gij fz;L
,d;Gwf; fz;lhs;. Foe;ijia ,oe;J tpl;NlhNk vd;W jd;
cs;sj;jpy; ,Ue;j Jauj;ij Nghf;fpf; nfhz;lhs;. Foe;ijg;gw;wpa
nra;jpia ahhplKk; nrhy;ypf; nfhs;shky; kpFe;j md;NghL jd;
kfidg; gy ehs;fs; tsHj;J te;jhs;.
2. Njk;ghtzpapy; gpzp jPHf;Fk; Fsj;JePhpd; rpwg;G ahJ?
khpahSk;> #irAk;> kf;fspd; ghtq;fisj; jPHf;f mtjhpj;J
te;j Foe;ijia jd; ifapy; Ve;jpf;nfhz;L te;jdH. tUk; topapy;
kzk; tPRk; xU Fsj;jpidf; fz;L mjd; mUNf nrd;wdH.
mf;Fsf;fiuapy; jq;fpdH.
mofhd $e;jiyAila nky;ypa nfhbg;Nghd;wts; khpahs;.
mts; ngw;w fhisahfpa Foe;ijapd; Kfj;ijf; fhZk; nghUl;L>
Fsj;jpy; cs;s thiskPd;fs; Js;spf; Fjpj;jd. Njidr; nrhhpe;j
kyH ,dq;fs; ,d;Gw;W kfpo;tijf; fz;L kfpo;r;rp mile;jdH.
kf;fspd; ghtj;ijj; jPHf;f te;j mUs; nfhz;l me;ey;NyhH
kzk; nghUe;jpa fdpfis fdpNthL cz;ldH. thdj;jpy; nghUe;jpa
kPd;fs; Nghd;w kyHfs; rpe;jpa Njd; fye;j ,dpa Fsj;jpd;
njspe;j ePiu mUe;jpdH.
eWkzkpf;f ,dpa ePUs;s Mokhd Fsj;jpy;> mJ Mz;ltd;
mUshy; ngUfpa tuk; vd;gij czHe;jdH. kfpo;thy; nghq;fp
RUz;L vOk; miyfs; fiufspy; Nkhjpd. mj;Njhw;wk; mk;%thpd;
ghjq;fis mt;tiyfs; Nghw;WtJNghy; ,Ue;jJ.
74
miyfs; vy;yhk; xd;whfr; NrHe;J jkf;Fs; mire;jhba
jd;ikahy;> ,iyfspilNa tphpe;J epd;w mofpa kyHfs; Mbd.
jd; jiykPJ jd; iffis xUq;Nf Vw;wpj; njhOjijg; Nghd;W
,Ue;jJ mf;Fsj;jpd; ,dpa Njhw;wk;.
3. Nkhapridf; fz;L Fsf;fiuapy; gwitfs; ePuhb kfpo;e;j
epiyia tpsf;F.
md;id khpahSk;> #irAk;> NkhaprDk; Mfpa %tUk;
Fsj;jpw;F mUfpy; epd;w nghOJ mq;fpUe;j gwitapdq;fs;
kfpo;r;rpNahL ,Ue;jd.
tz;bd; ,irapy; kapy; eldk; :
mofpa KOkjp Nghd;w jpUkfd; Kfj;jpy; thdk; jUk;
nkd;ikahd gdpiag; Nghd;w Njidg; nghpa kuq;fs; tbj;J
epw;fpd;wd. mq;Nf ,s tz;Lfs; ghly;fis ,irNahL ghbf;
nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;wd. tpz;kPd; Nghd;w ,sQ;rpwFfis cila
mofpa kapy;fs; kpFjpahff; $b epd;W eldkhbd.
ePHtho; gwitfs; ePuhb kfpo;jy; :
fay;kPd; Nghd;w fz;fis cila kfspH Fsj;J ePhpy;
kfpo;r;rpNahL tpisahba xg;Gik fz;L> mjw;F Vw;wthW
mf;Fsj;jpy; jphpAk; md;dg;gwit Kjyhd ePHtho; gwitfs;>
mfd;w jk; rpwFfis tphpj;J mk;%tHf;Fk; mUNf ,dpjha;
tpisahbf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jd.
,ay; xj;jd tpop cw;wd fsp khjHfs; fU tpz;
tpay; cw;wd rpiw tpl;L may; tpisahbd ,dpNj
gwitfspd; tpisahl;Lg; NghH :
ehiufSk;> nfhf;F ,dq;fSk;> md;dq;fSk;> ,d;Dk;
gytifahd gpwg;gwitfSk;> gifapdpd;W tpyfpaJk; fspg;G
tpistpg;gJkhd xU tpisahl;Lg; Nghiu epidj;j tz;zkhfTk;
xd;iwnahd;W neUq;Fk; jd;ikahfTk; mq;F cs;sd. mit
Fjpf;fpd;w Fjpiuiag;Nghy; Fjpj;Jf; Fjpj;J te;jd. mk;%tiuAk;
#o;e;J epd;wd.
,q;Fs;s gy gwitfs; jdpj;Jj; jphpAk;. NtW gy neUq;fp
tUk;. ,d;Dk; gy vjpH nfhz;L epw;Fk;. gy gwitfs; ,wFfis
tphpj;Jk;> mbj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;. gy Nghiuj; njhlHe;J elj;Jk;. gy
Nghhpy; Njhw;W XLk;. gy Nghhpy; nghype;J tpsq;Fk;. gy gf;fkha;g;
gphpe;J nry;Yk;. gy thidAk; vl;LkhW FKwp Koq;Fk;.
75
jkf;Fs; tpisahl;Lg; gifiaf; nfhz;l gwitfs;
giwNghy; xypiar; nra;jd. thrid cila kyHfisf; Nfhjpr;
rpjwpd. G+ mUk;GfisAk; rpjwpd. Njd; JspfisAk; rpe;jpd.
jhd; cz;Zk; ePuhfpa Njid nfhg;gspj;Jr; rpe;jpd. ,t;thW
mtw;wpd; tpisahl;Lf;fs; Kbtpd;wp fhzg;gl;ld.
%tUk; gwitfSf;F Mrpnkhope;J VFjy; :
mwptpy;yhj gwitfs; jhk; Mz;ltid mwpe;J nfhz;l
jd;ikahy; gy nray;fisr; nra;J tpohf;Nfhyk;Nghy nfhz;lhbd.
mg;gwitfSf;F md;id khpahs;> #ir> Nkhaprd; Mfpa %tUk;
MrpAiu $wpdH. gpd;G mq;fpUe;J vOe;J nry;yj; njhlq;fpdH.
gwitfs; MHj;jd :
gwitfSf;F MrpAiu toq;fpa mk;%tUk; mf;Fsj;ij
tpl;Lg; gphpe;J nrd;wdH. mtHfspd; gphpit vz;zpj; Jd;gk; nfhz;l
mg;gwitfs; thdj;ij vl;Lk; mstpw;F Muthuj;Jld; mOJ
Gyk;gpd.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. Njk;ghtzpapy; ePHtuk; mile;j glyk; njhptpf;Fk; nra;jpfis
njhFj;Jiuf;f.
Kd;Diu :
#ir> khpahs; MfpNahH jpUf;FkuNdhL me;j neba Mw;wpd;
mUNf te;J epd;wdH. mg;NghJ fgphpNay; vd;w thdJ}jd;
,UtiuAk; fz;L tzq;fpdhd;. mtHfsplk; vfpg;J ehl;L kd;dd;
thOfpd;w khl khspifia cila jiyefiuf; fhl;bdhd;. mjd;
mUNf ,UfiufisAk; ,bj;J Nkhjpr; nry;Yk; Mw;wpid
Rl;bf;fhl;b> ,jd; ngaH ‘ifahWifahW
ifahW’ vd;whd;. gpd;dH Nkhaprd;
gpwg;G gw;wp $wpdhd;.
Foe;ijfis nfhy;y Mizaply;:
A+jHfs; NtjE}y; Kiwg;gb tho;e;jdH. mtHfs; vfpg;J
ehl;by; mbikfshf kdk; nehe;J kpf ,ope;j tho;fi ; f tho;ej
; dH.
,tHfs; thOk; rkaj;jpy; nfhLq; Nfhyhdhf vfpg;J ehl;il
Mz;l ghHNdh kd;dd; A+j Fyj;jpdiug; ngUk; gifahff;
fUjpdhd;. A+jHfSf;F gpwe;j Mz; Foe;ijfis vy;yhk; ntl;bf;
nfhy;YkhW Mizapl;lhd;. A+jFyj;Jf; Foe;ijfs; jk; jhapd;
ghiy cz;L capH thoj; njhlq;Fk; Kd;dNu> kd;ddpd;
fl;lisg;gb tPuHfs; gpwe;j Mz; Foe;ijfs; vy;yhtw;iwAk;
nfhd;W mopj;jdH.
#y;newp gpwe;j khjH Jzpf;Fkpd;! vd;W jk; jha;
ghy;newp capH cz;zhKd;> gifnewp rpe;JthH My;
76
Nkhaprd; gpwg;G :
Nrhiyapy; cs;s nfhbapy; G+j;j G+Nth! jhkiu kyH
Nky; js;shLk; md;df; FQ;Nrh! G+tpDs; jpuz;l NjNdh! mofpa
tyk;Ghpr; rq;fpDs; gpwe;j Kj;Njh! Fsj;jpy; kyHe;j jhkiu
mUk;Ngh! thdj;jpy; cyhTk; kPd;fSs; xd;Nwh! vd;nwy;yhk;
fUJk; gbahf ,g;G+Tyfpy; xU jdpj;jd;ikNahLk; A+jFyj;jpy;
xU Foe;ij Njhd;wpdhd;.
NgioAs; itj;J Mw;wpy; ,ly; :
A+jHFyj; j py; xsptP R k; Kfj; i jAilajhfg; gpwe; j
Foe;ijiaf; nfhy;yj; JzpT ,y;yhkYk;> capNuhLtpl KbahkYk;
Ntypidj; jhq;fpa VtyHfs; jLkhwpdH. gpd;dH mf;Foe;ijia
jhNk nra;j xU Ngiof;Fs;Ns xspj;J itj;J XLk; ePhpy; capH
gpioj;Jg; Nghthdhf vd;W kdk; ,uq;fp Mw;wpy; tpl;Lr; nrd;wdH.
Foe;ijia vLj;J tsHj;jy;:
jz;bd;kPJ vOe;J epw;Fk; jhkiu kyHePhpy; mire;jhLtJ
NghyTk;> fUf;nfhz;l rq;F NghyTk;> mg;NgioahdJ ePHNky;
nrd;wd. mJ nghpa efhpd; mUNf J}NuhL vOe;J epd;w ehzypy;
rpf;fpf; nfhz;lJ. mt;Ntisapy; epyTk; ehzj;jf;f xsptPRk;
Kfj;ij cilatSk;> Fd;W mQ;rp xspf;fj;jf;f cWjpahd
Njhspidf; nfhz;ltSkhd vfpg;J ehl;L ,sturp jd; NjhopaNuhL
Mw; W eP h py; eP u hlr; nrd; w hs; . ,sturp Mw; w py; eP u hbf;
nfhz;bUf;ifapy;> ehzypilNa kiwe;J epd;w mg;Ngioiaf;
fz;lhs;. jd; Njhopahplk; ~mjid vLj;J thUq;fs;| vd;W
fl;lisapl;lhs;.
nrd;W xspj;jpiuia khjH jpuspNdhL ,kpopy;Ml
epd;W xspj;jpUe;j Ngio epkpHe;J fz;L vLkpd; vd;whs;
NjhopaH vLj;j te;j Ngioapid ,sturp Fdpe;J ghHj;jhs;.
mjpy; jd; neQ;rj;jpy; Njhd;wpa Jd;gj;ijg; nghWf;f Kbahky;
fz;zHP tpl;L mOk; xU iff;Foe;ijapd; gpQ;R Kfj;ijf; fz;lhs;.
,sk;gpiw Nghd;w Kfj;jpy; jz;zuP hf tpOe;j gRikahd gdpNah>
kyHe;j jhkiug; G+ Kfj;jpy; cjpHe;j Kj;Njh vd;W mjprapj;jhs;.
md;G kpFjpahy; jhd; mzpe;jpUe;j mzpfyd;fisf; fow;wp
mf;Foe;ijf;F mzptpj;J> ~,td; vd; kfd;| vd;W nrhy;ypf;
nfhz;lhs;.
,f;Foe;ijf;Fg; ghY}l;b tsHg;gjw;F Vw;w ngz;kzpia
mioAq;fs; vd;W Mizapl;lhs;. jhd; thOfpd;w khl khspifia
mile;jhs;. NjhopaHfSk; mf;Foe;ijia thrid cs;s gd;dhP py;
Fspg;ghl;bdH. tpuypy; jq;f Nkhjpuj;ijr; #l;bdH. fhypy; rpyk;G>
rjq; i f Nghd; w tw; i wg; mzpe; j dH. mg; N ghJ mf; F oe; i j
tpz;kPd;fisr; #ba ,sepyhg;Nghyj; Njhd;wpaJ.
77
ngw;w jhNa nrtpypj;jhahf tUjy; :
muz; k idj; NjhopaHfs; mf; F oe; i japd; jhnad; W
mwpahky; ngw;w jhiaNa ,f;Foe;ijia tsHf;f nrtpypj;jhia
mioj;J te;jdH. mj;jha; mtd; jd; kfNd vd;gij fz;L
,d;Gwf; fz;lhs;. Foe;ijia ,oe;J tpl;NlhNk vd;W jd;
cs;sj;jpy; ,Ue;j Jauj;ij Nghf;fpf; nfhz;lhs;. Foe;ijg;gw;wpa
nra;jpia ahhplKk; nrhy;ypf; nfhs;shky; kpFe;j md;NghL jd;
kfidg; gy ehs;fs; tsHj;J te;jhs;.
Fsj;JePhpd; rpwg;G :
khpahSk;> #irAk;> kf;fspd; ghtq;fisj; jPHf;f mtjhpj;J
te;j Foe;ijia jd; ifapy; Ve;jpf;nfhz;L te;jdH. tUk; topapy;
kzk; tPRk; xU Fsj;jpidf; fz;L mjd; mUNf nrd;wdH.
mf;Fsf;fiuapy; jq;fpdH.
mofhd $e;jiyAila nky;ypa nfhbg;Nghd;wts; khpahs;.
mts; ngw;w fhisahfpa Foe;ijapd; Kfj;ijf; fhZk; nghUl;L>
Fsj;jpy; cs;s thiskPd;fs; Js;spf; Fjpj;jd. Njidr; nrhhpe;j
kyH ,dq;fs; ,d;Gw;W kfpo;tijf; fz;L kfpo;r;rp mile;jdH.
kf;fspd; ghtj;ijj; jPHf;f te;j mUs; nfhz;l me;ey;NyhH
kzk; nghUe;jpa fdpfis fdpNthL cz;ldH. thdj;jpy; nghUe;jpa
kPd;fs; Nghd;w kyHfs; rpe;jpa Njd; fye;j ,dpa Fsj;jpd;
njspe;j ePiu mUe;jpdH.
eWkzkpf;f ,dpa ePUs;s Mokhd Fsj;jpy;> mJ Mz;ltd;
mUshy; ngUfpa tuk; vd;gij czHe;jdH. kfpo;thy; nghq;fp
RUz;L vOk; miyfs; fiufspy; Nkhjpd. mj;Njhw;wk; mk;%thpd;
ghjq;fis mt;tiyfs; Nghw;WtJNghy; ,Ue;jJ.
miyfs; vy;yhk; xd;whfr; NrHe;J jkf;Fs; mire;jhba
jd;ikahy;> ,iyfspilNa tphpe;J epd;w mofpa kyHfs; Mbd.
jd; jiykPJ jd; iffis xUq;Nf Vw;wpj; njhOjijg; Nghd;W
,Ue;jJ mf;Fsj;jpd; ,dpa Njhw;wk;.
tz;bd; ,irapy; kapy; eldk; :
mofpa KOkjp Nghd;w jpUkfd; Kfj;jpy; thdk; jUk;
nkd;ikahd gdpiag; Nghd;w Njidg; nghpa kuq;fs; tbj;J
epw;fpd;wd. mq;Nf ,s tz;Lfs; ghly;fis ,irNahL ghbf;
nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;wd. tpz;kPd; Nghd;w ,sQ;rpwFfis cila
mofpa kapy;fs; kpFjpahff; $b epd;W eldkhbd.
78
ePHtho; gwitfs; ePuhb kfpo;jy; :
fay;kPd; Nghd;w fz;fis cila kfspH Fsj;J ePhpy;
kfpo;r;rpNahL tpisahba xg;Gik fz;L> mjw;F Vw;wthW
mf;Fsj;jpy; jphpAk; md;dg;gwit Kjyhd ePHtho; gwitfs;>
mfd;w jk; rpwFfis tphpj;J mk;%tHf;Fk; mUNf ,dpjha;
tpisahbf; nfhz;L ,Ue;jd.
,ay; xj;jd tpop cw;wd fsp khjHfs; fU tpz;
tpay; cw;wd rpiw tpl;L may; tpisahbd ,dpNj
gwitfspd; tpisahl;Lg; NghH :
ehiufSk;> nfhf;F ,dq;fSk;> md;dq;fSk;> ,d;Dk;
gytifahd gpwg;gwitfSk;> gifapdpd;W tpyfpaJk; fspg;G
tpistpg;gJkhd xU tpisahl;Lg; Nghiu epidj;j tz;zkhfTk;
xd;iwnahd;W neUq;Fk; jd;ikahfTk; mq;F cs;sd. mit
Fjpf;fpd;w Fjpiuiag;Nghy; Fjpj;Jf; Fjpj;J te;jd. mk;%tiuAk;
#o;e;J epd;wd.
,q;Fs;s gy gwitfs; jdpj;Jj; jphpAk;. NtW gy neUq;fp
tUk;. ,d;Dk; gy vjpH nfhz;L epw;Fk;. gy gwitfs; ,wFfis
tphpj;Jk;> mbj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;. gy Nghiuj; njhlHe;J elj;Jk;. gy
Nghhpy; Njhw;W XLk;. gy Nghhpy; nghype;J tpsq;Fk;. gy gf;fkha;g;
gphpe;J nry;Yk;. gy thidAk; vl;LkhW FKwp Koq;Fk;.
jkf;Fs; tpisahl;Lg; gifiaf; nfhz;l gwitfs;
giwNghy; xypiar; nra;jd. thrid cila kyHfisf; Nfhjpr;
rpjwpd. G+ mUk;GfisAk; rpjwpd. Njd; JspfisAk; rpe;jpd.
jhd; cz;Zk; ePuhfpa Njid nfhg;gspj;Jr; rpe;jpd. ,t;thW
mtw;wpd; tpisahl;Lf;fs; Kbtpd;wp fhzg;gl;ld.
%tUk; gwitfSf;F Mrpnkhope;J VFjy; :
mwptpy;yhj gwitfs; jhk; Mz;ltid mwpe;J nfhz;l
jd;ikahy; gy nray;fisr; nra;J tpohf;Nfhyk;Nghy nfhz;lhbd.
mg;gwitfSf;F md;id khpahs;> #ir> Nkhaprd; Mfpa %tUk;
MrpAiu $wpdH. gpd;G mq;fpUe;J vOe;J nry;yj; njhlq;fpdH.
gwitfs; MHj;jd :
gwitfSf;F MrpAiu toq;fpa mk;%tUk; mf;Fsj;ij
tpl;Lg; gphpe;J nrd;wdH. mtHfspd; gphpit vz;zpj; Jd;gk; nfhz;l
mg;gwitfs; thdj;ij vl;Lk; mstpw;F Muthuj;Jld; mOJ
Gyk;gpd.
79
myF IV
ehlfk; : rhgk;?... tpNkhrdk;
kJiu ep[ ehlf ,af;fj;jpduhYk;> jQ;ir xj;jpif ehlf;
FOtpduhYk; epfo;jj ; g;gl;l %d;W ehlfq;fspd; njhFg;ghd ,e;E}iy
KidtH K. ,uhkRthkpAk;> mtUila JiztpahH KidtH
nrz;gfk; ,uhkRthkpAk; ,ize;J cUthf;fpAs;sdH. ,e;E}ypy;
rhgk;!...tpNkhrdk;?(1986)> Gul;rpf;ftp(1990)> MGj;jpud;(1996) Mfpa
%d;W ehlfq;fs; ,lk;ngw;W ,Uf;fpd;wd. kfhftp ghujpapd;
ftpijf;fhjyp> ghNte;jH ghujpjhrdpd; gpy;fzPaj; jOtyhd
Gul;rpf;ftp> rPjj
; iyr; rhj;jdhH vLj;jhz;l MGj;jpud; vd ,k;%d;W
fijfisAk; rhgk;! tpNkhrdk; vd;w jiyg;gpy; Nkil ehlfkhf
mike;Js;sJ.
1. rhgk;! tpNkhrdk;?
kFl ,irf;fUtpfs; ntt;NtW jhsq;fspy;
,irf; F Otpduhy; thrpf; f g; g Lfpd; w d. MLfsg; gpUk; k d;
vy;NyhUf;Fk; tzf;fk; nrYj;Jfpwhd;. ghujpahH jd; ftpijf;fhjyp
vd;Dk; ftpijapy; ,lk;ngWk; xU rpd;df; fijia rhgk;!
tpNkhrdk;? vd;w ngahpy; ehlfkhf epfo;j;jpf; fhl;l te;Js;sjhf
mwpKfk; nra;fpwhd;.
fijr;RUf;fk; :
rq; f KdptH cyfj; j py; epfOk; Nghl; b > nghwhik
Nghd;wtw;wpw;F MirNa fhuzk; vd;fpwhH. mjdhy; Gyd;fis
mlf;fp 12 Mz;Lfs; jttho;f;if Nkw;nfhs;s rPlHfNshL
rPHj;jkiyia mile;jhH. mk;kiyf;F mUNf Jq;fKdptdpd;
kidtp Njte;jpif> gps;istuk; Ntz;b Nguhr;rp Nfhapiy
milfpwhs;. jd;Dila kdf;Fiwfis vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhs;.
fztdhfpa Jq;fKdp jd;NdhL ,y;yw tho;fi ; fapy; <Lgltpy;iy.
Foe;ijg;NgWk; Vw;gltpy;iy vd;W tUe;jpdhs;. mts; Jauk;
Nfl;L Nguhr;rp Nfhapy; G+rhhp mtSila Jd;gk; ePq;FkhW xU
nja;tf; fdpiaj; jUfpwhd;. Fspj;Jg; G+ir nra;J tpl;L
<uj;JzpAld; ,f;fdpia cd; fztdplk; nfhL. mtd; mij
cz;lgpd; cd;kPJ Mirahf ele;J nfhs;thd;. cdf;F epiwa
Foe;ijfs; gpwf;Fk; vd;W G+rhhp $Wfpwhd;. fdpia ngw;Wf;
nfhz;l Njte;jpif Mw;wq;fiuapy; cs;s kuj;jpd;fo P ; itj;Jtpl;Lf;
Fspf;fr; nrd;whs;.
mr;rkak; rq;fKdp 12 Mz;Lfs; fLikahd jtk; nra;J
Kbf; F k; ehshFk; . jq; f Sila FUehjH rq; f Kdp ahfk;
80
nra;tjUf;fhf rPlHfs; jHg;igg; Gw;fs;> Rs;spfs;> kyHfs;> vLj;Jtu
Mw;wq;fiu mUNf te;jdH. gpd;G jtj;jpy; ,Ue;j FUehjhpd;
grpiag; Nghf;f goq;fs; nfhz;L tUNthk; vd;wdH. mtHfs;
Mw;wq;fiuapy; Njte;jpif itj;J tpl;Lr; nrd;w trpaf; fdpiag;
ghHf;fpd;wdH. mijj; jd; FUehjUf;F czthff; nfhLf;fpd;wdH.
rPlHfs; nfhLj;j fdpia cz;gjw;F Kd; rq;fKdp>
Miria mwNt Nghf;fNtz;Lk;. fhkk;> FNuhjk;> Nyhgk;> Nkhfk;
Nghd;w jPaFzq;fis tpl;nlhopf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W jd; rPlHfSf;F
mwpTiu $WfpwhH. mijf;Nfl;Lr; rPlHfs; midtUk; gutrkile;J
FUitg; Nghw;Wfpd;wdH.
rq;fKdp fdpia cz;fpwhH. mij cz;l epiyapy;
MirngWkpd;. ngz;zhir ngWkpd;. ngz;Nz ,d;gk;. mtNs
Nghpd;gk; vd;W $WfpwhH. ,ijf; Nfl;l rPlHfs; xd;Wk; tpsq;fhky;
jq;fSf;Fs; $bg; NgRfpd;wdH. rq;fKdptH NkYk; NkYk;
ngz;zpd;gj;ijg; gw;wpNa NgRk; epiyf;F Mshfpd;whH.
Fspj;J Kbj;J te;j Njte;jpif Nguhr;rp Nfhapy; G+rhhp
nfhLj;j fdpiaf; fhzhJ tUe;jp mjidj; Njbf; nfhz;L
tUfpwhs;. mq;Nf KdptiuAk;> rPlHfisAk; ghHj;J vd;idr;
rNfhjhpahf Vw;Wf; nfhz;L cjTq;fs;. nja;tf;fdp xd;W fhzhky;
Ngha;tpl;lJ. mijj; Njbj;ju vdf;F cjTq;fs; vd;W Nfl;fpwhs;.
Mdhy; rq;fKdpNah mts; nrhy;tijf; Nfl;fhky; mtSila
mofpy; kaq;FfpwhH. Njte;jpifia ujp> uk;gh> Nkdif> CHtrp
vdg; GfOfpd;whH. cd;id ms;sp vLf;fNth> mizj;J kfpoNth
vd mts; mUfpy; nry;fpwhH rq;fKdp. Kdptdplk; ,Ue;J jg;gp
mywpag;gb jd; fztd; Jq;fKdpia ehbr;nrd;W ele;jij
nrhy;fpwhs; Njte;jpif.
rq;fKdpthpd; Miria mwpe;J mtiuj; jLf;fpwhH.
Njte;jpif jd; kidtp vd;Wk;> mtis tpLk;gb $Wfpd;whH.
rq;fKdpNah Njte;jpifia> ngz;zoF NguoF vd;W Gfo;fpd;whH.
Jq;fKdp Nfhgk; nfhz;L ehis tpbay;fhiy
#hpNahjaj;jpd;nghOJ eP vy;NyhUk; fhZk;gb kyk; jpd;Dk;
gd;wpahf khWtha; vdr; rhgkpLfpwhH.
,jidf; Nfl; l rP l Hfs; midtUk; Jq; f Kdpaplk;
rq;fKdpapd; Nkd;ikiaAk; nja;tf; fdpahy; Vw;gl;l khw;wj;ijAk;
$Wfpd;wdH. rq;fKdp jhd; rhgk;ngw;wijf; Nfl;L jhd; gd;wpah?
Gyk;gj; njhlq;fpdhH. mg;NghJ rPlHfs; vq;fs; FUehjUf;Fr;
rhgtpil jhUq;fs; vd;W Jq;fKdpaplk; Nfl;fpd;wdH. rhgj;ij
kPz;Lk; ngWtJ ,ayhJ. Mdhy; tUk; ngsHzkp md;W re;jpud;
cjakhFk; Neuj;jpy; cq;fs; FUehjhpd; jiyia thshy; ntl;b
nfhd;why; gd;wp cUtj;jpy; ,Ue;J Kdptuhf khWthH vd;W
$wpdhH.
81
rq;fKdpapd; Kjd;ikr; rPld; jahgud; rq;fKdpaplk;
kd;dpg;G Nfhu> rq;fKdp jhd; gd;wpahf thOk; mtyepiyiaf;
fz; L fyq; f pdhH. jahgud; tp\; Z Tk; gd; w pahf mtjhuk;
nfhz;lij epidT $w> rq;fKdpNah mJ mtjhuk;. jhd; ngw;wNjh
rhgk; vd;W $wp jd;Dila gd;wp tho;it epidj;J Gyk;gpdhH.
jd;id nfhd;W tpLkhW jahgudplk; $WfpwhH. mjw;F jahgud;
rq;fKdpthpd; jiyia ntl;Ltjw;Fr; rk;kjk; njhptpf;ftpy;iy.
#hpa cjaj;jpy; rq;fKdp gd;wpahf khWfpwhH. mtiur;
rPlHfs; fz;Nghy; ghJfhf;fpd;wdH. MdhYk; mtHfsplkpUe;J
jg;gpj;Jg; gd;wpf; $l;lj;NjhL fye;J tpLfpwhH. gd;wpf; $l;lj;jpw;F
te;j rq;fKdpiag; gpw gd;wpfs; Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpd;wd. rPlHfs;
gd;wpf; $l;lq;fs; cs;s ,lq;fspy; vy;yhk; ‘FUNt ruzk;’
vd;W tzq;Ffpd;wdH. mjw;F vt;tpjg; gyDkpd;wp FUitj;
NjLfpd; w dH. ngsHzkp neUq; f p tu rP l Hfs; FUitj; N jb
fz;Lgpbj;J mtUf;F rhgtpNkhrdk; ju tpUk;Gfpd;wdH.
xU gd;wp rPlHfisf; fz;L gae;J xJq;fpr; nry;y> rPlHfs;
gd;wpaplkpUe;J ntspg;gLk; xspiaf; fz;L mJ jd; FUehjH
rq;fKdp vd;W KbT nra;J gpd; njhlUfpd;wdH. re;jpud;
cjpg;gjw;Fs; jk; FUehjH rhgtpNkhrdk; ngw Ntz;Lnkd;W
jahgud; G+i[ Kbj;J thSld; te;jhd;. gd;wp tbtpy; cs;s
rq;fKdpaplk; rPlHfs; cz;ikiaf; $Wfpd;wdH. jd; jiyia
ntl;Ltjw;Fr; rk;kjk; njhptpj;j rq;fKdp gyp nfhLg;gjw;fhf
mioj;J tug;gLfpwhH. mg;NghJ gd;wpfspd; Fuy; Nfl;L mq;Nf
XLfpwhH. kw;wg; gd;wpfs; NrHe;J nfhz;L ,dp cq;fs; FUehjH
cq;fSld; tukhl;lhH. vq;fNshLjhd; ,Ug;ghH vd;W $Wfpd;wd.
<dg;gd;wpfNshL ,Ug;gjhy; cq;fSf;F ve;jg; gaDk; ,y;iy
vd;W jahgud; rq;fKdpiag; ghHj;Jf; $Wfpd;whd;.
ntl;Ltjw;F te;j jahguidg; ghHj;Jr; rq;fKdp> cd;id
ePNa ntl;bf;nfhs;. cd; ,dj;jhiu mopj;Jf;nfhs;. vd; tho;it
mopg;gjw;F cdf;F ve;j chpikAk; ,y;iy. mt;thW $wpa
rq;fKdpNahL gd;wpfs; vy;yhk; xd;W NrHfpd;wd. vjpHg;gf;fj;jpy;
rPlHfs; vy;yhk; xd;W NrHe;J Nkhjpf; nfhz;L NrhHT milfpd;wdH.
rq;fKdp gd;wpfNshL gd;wpaha; tho;eJ; Rfk; fhzj; njhlq;fptpl;lhH.
gd;wp tho;fi; fAld; rkrukhfpg;Nghd rq;fKdp rhgj;ijNa tukhf;fpf;
nfhs;sg; gofpf; nfhz;lhH. mjpypUe;J kPl;fr; nra;Ak; ve;jnthU
Kaw;rpAk; ,dp gad; jug; Nghtjha;j; njhpatpy;iy vd kq;fsk;
Rgkq;fsk;! kq;fsk; Rgkq;fsk; vd ,e;ehlfj;ij Kbf;fpd;whH
MrphpaH.
82
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. rhgk; tpNkhrdk; vd;Dk; E}ypid vOjpatH ahH?
KidtH %. ,uhkRthkp> KidtH nrz;gfk; ,uhkRthkp
2. MLfsg; gpUk;kd; ahH? njUf;$j;jpy; fl;baq;fhud; vd;Wk;> fzpahd;
$j;jpy; mz;zhtp vd;Wk;> ghitf;$j;jpy; cr;rpf;FLk;gd; vd;Wk;>
Nritahl;lj;jpy; njhg;igf; $j;jhb vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLgtd;.
3. rq;fKdp vd;gtH ahH? jtKdptH
4. rq;fKdp vk;kiy Nehf;fp nrd;whH? rPHj;jkiy
5. rq;fKdp vj;jid Mz;Lfs; jtk; ,Ue;jhH? 12 Mz;Lfs;
6. gd;wpKdp vd miof;fg;gLtH ahH? rq;fKdp
7. Jq;fKdpapd; kidtp ahH? Njte;jpif
8. Njte;jpifapd; fztd; ahH? Jq;fKdp
9. Njte;jpif Nfl;l tuk; vd;d? ahhplk; Nfl;lhs;?
gps;istuk;> Nguhr;rp nja;tj;jplk;
10. tuk;Nfl;l Njte;jpiff;F G+rhhp nfhLj;jJ vd;d? fdp
11. G+rhhp nfhLj;j fdpapd; gad; vd;d? fdpia cz;lgpd; cd;idf;
fhjypg;ghd;. fhk trg;gLthd;. cdf;F epiwa Foe;ijfs; gpwf;Fk;.
12. jtKdpthpd; rPlHfs; jd; FUehjUf;F vd;d Vw;ghL nra;jdH?
jHg;igg;Gw;fs;> Rs;spfs;> kyHfs; kw;Wk; fdpfs;
13. rq;fKdp fdpia cz;gjw;F Kd; jd; rPlHfSf;F vd;d mwpTiu
$wpdhH? Miria mwNt Nghf;fNtz;Lk;. fhkk;> FNuhjk;> Nyhgk;>
Nkhfk; Nghd;w jPaFzq;fis tpl;nlhopf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;whH.
14. rq;fKdp fdpia cz;lgpd; jd; rPlHfsplk; vd;W mwpTiu $wpdhH?
MirngWkpd;. ngz;zhir ngWkpd;. ngz;Nz ,d;gk;. mtNs
Nghpd;gk; vd;W $WfpwhH.
15. rq;fKdp Njte;jpif vd;ndd;W Gfo;e;jhH?
ujp> uk;gh> Nkdif> CHtrp
16. rq;fKdpf;F Jq;fKdpapl;l rhgk; vd;d?
ehis tpbay;fhiy #hpad; cjpf;Fk; nghOJ eP vy;NyhUk;
fhZk;gb kyk; jpd;Dk; gd;wpahf khWtha; vd;W rhgkpl;lhH.
17. rq;fKdptdpd; Kjd;ik rPld; ahH? jahgud;
18. Jq;fKdp $wpa rhgk; tpNkhrdk; ahJ?
ngsHzkp md;W re;jpud; cjakhFk; Neuj;jpy; cq;fs;
FUehjhpd; jiyia thshy; ntl;b nfhd;why; gd;wp cUtj;jpy;
,Ue;J Kdptuhf khWthH vd;W $wpdhH.
19. gd;wptbtpy; rq;fKdp rPlHfSf;F vd;d Nghjpj;jhH?
xd;Nw Fyk; xUtNd Njtd;
83
20. jahgud; gd;wptbtpy; cs;s rq;fKdpaplk; Nfl;lJ ahJ?
FUNt! ngsHzkpad;W re;jpud; cjaj;jpy; cq;fs; jiyia
ntl;l mUs;ju Ntz;Lk;
21. rq;fKdptiu thshy; ntl;l kWj;j rPld; ahH? jahgud;
22. rq;fKdptiu ntl;l te;j jahgudplk; $wpaJ vd;d?
cd;id ePNa ntl;bf; nfhs;. cd; ,dj;jhiu mopj;Jf;nfhs;.
vd; tho;it mopg;gjw;F cdf;F ve;j chpikAk; ,y;iy vd;whH.
23. MLfsg;gpUk;kd; ehlfj;jpy; ,Wjpahf $wpa fUj;J ahJ?
ez;L jpd;Dk; eLg;gq;F vdf;F vd;Dk; fijahf ek;Kila
FUehjH gd;wpfNshL gd;wpaha; tho;eJ; Rfk; fhzj; njhlq;fptpl;lhH.
gd;wp tho;fi
; fAld; rkrukhfpg;Nghd rq;fKdp rhgj;ijNa tukhf;fpf;
nfhs;sg; gofpf; nfhz;lhH.
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. Njte;jpif Nguhr;rp NfhapYf;Fr; nrd;W Nfl;l tuk; ahJ?
Jq;fKdptdpd; kidtp Njte;jpif gps;is tuk; Ntz;b
Nguhr;rp Nfhapiy mile;J jkJ kdf;Fiwfis vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhs;.
fztdhfpa Jq;fKdp jd;NdhL ,y;yw tho;fi ; fapy; <Lgltpy;iy.
Foe;ijg;NgWk; Vw;gltpy;iy vd;W $wp tUe;jpdhs;. mts; Jauk;
Foe;ijfs; gpwf;Fk; vd;W G+rhhp $Wfpwhd;.
2. rq;fKdp fdpia cz;ljdhy; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fisf; $W.
rq;fKdp 12 Mz;Lfs; fLikahd jtk; nra;J Kbf;Fk;
ehshFk; . mjdhy; jq; f Sila FUehjH rq; f Kdp ahfk;
Mw;wq;fiuapy; Njte;jpif itj;J tpl;Lr; nrd;w trpaf; fdpiag;
mf; f dpia cz; g jw; F Kd; rq; f Kdp> Miria mwNt
Nghf; f Ntz; L k; . fhkk; > FNuhjk; > Nyhgk; > Nkhfk; Nghd; w
jPaFzq;fis tpl;nlhopf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W jd; rPlHfSf;F mwpTiu
$WfpwhH. mijf;Nfl;Lr; rPlHfs; midtUk; gutrkile;J FUitg;
Nghw;Wfpd;wdH. jd; rPlHfs; nfhLj;j fdpia rq;fKdp cz;fpwhH.
mij cz;l epiyapy; MirngWkpd;. ngz;zhir ngWkpd;.
ngz;Nz ,d;gk;. mtNs Nghpd;gk; vd;W $WfpwhH. ,ijf; Nfl;l
rPlHfs; xd;Wk; tpsq;fhky; jq;fSf;Fs; $bg; NgRfpd;wdH.
84
3. Jq;fKdpapd; rhgj;jhy; rq;FKdpapd; epiy vd;dthdJ?
Nguhr; r p Nfhapy; G+rhhp Njte; j piff; F nfhLj; j
nja;tf;fdpia Mw;wq;fiuapy; cs;s kuj;jpd;fPo; itj;Jtpl;Lf;
Fspf;fr; nrd;whs;. Fspj;J Kbj;J te;j Njte;jpif nja;tf;fdpia
fhzhJ tUe;Jfpwhs;. mq;F ,Ue;j KdptiuAk;> rPlHfisAk;
ghHj;J vd;idr; rNfhjhpahf Vw;Wf;nfhz;L cjTq;fs;. nja;tf;fdp
xd;W fhzhky; Ngha;tpl;lJ. mijj; Njbj;ju vdf;F cjTq;fs;
vd;W Nfl;fpwhs;. Mdhy; rq;fKdpNah mts; nrhy;tijf; Nfl;fhky;
mtSila mofpy; kaq;FfpwhH. Njte;jpifia ujp> uk;gh> Nkdif>
CHtrp vdg; GfOfpd;whH. cd;id ms;sp vLf;fNth> mizj;J
kfpoNth vd mts; mUfpy; nry;fpwhH rq;fKdp.
Kdptdplk; ,Ue; J jg; g p mywpag; g b jd; fztd;
Jq;fKdpia ehbr;nrd;W ele;jij nrhy;fpwhs; Njte;jpif.
rq;fKdpthpd; Mir Nkhfj;ij mwpe;j Jq;fKdp mtiuj; jLf;fpwhH.
Njte;jpif jd; kidtp vd;Wk;> mtis tpLk;gb $Wfpd;whH.
rq;fKdpNah Njte;jpifia> ngz;zoF NguoF vd;W Gfo;e;J
kaq;Ffpd;whH. Jq;fKdp Nfhgk; nfhz;L ehis tpbay;fhiy
#hpad; cjpf;Fk;nghOJ eP vy;NyhUk; fhZk;gb kyk; jpd;Dk;
gd;wpahf khWtha; vdr; rhgkpLfpwhH.
4. rq;fKdp rhgj;ijNa vg;gb tukhf;fpf; nfhs;sg; gofpf;
nfhz;lhH?
gd; w pahf khwpa rq; f Kdpthpd; rP l Hfs; midtUk;
Jq;fKdpaplk; rq;fKdpapd; Nkd;ikiaAk; nja;tf; fdpahy; Vw;gl;l
khw;wj;ijAk; $Wfpd;wdH. rq;fKdp jhd; rhgk; ngw;wijf; Nfl;L
jhd; gd;wpah? Gyk;gj; njhlq;fpdhH. mg;NghJ rPlHfs; vq;fs;
FUehjUf;Fr; rhgtpil jhUq;fs; vd;W Jq;fKdpaplk; Nfl;fpd;wdH.
rhgj;ij kPz;Lk; ngWtJ ,ayhJ. Mdhy; tUk; ngsHzkp md;W
re;jpud; cjakhFk; Neuj;jpy; cq;fs; FUehjhpd; jiyia thshy;
ntl;b nfhd;why; gd;wp cUtj;jpy; ,Ue;J Kdptuhf khWthH
vd;W $wpdhH.
jahgud; rq;fKdpaplk; kd;dpg;G Nfl;fpwhd;. Mdhy; rq;fKdp
jhd; gd;wpahf thOk; mtyepiyiaf; fz;L fyq;fpdhH. jahgud;
tp\;ZTk; gd;wpahf mtjhuk; nfhz;lij epidT $w> rq;fKdpNah
mJ mtjhuk;. jhd; ngw;wNjh rhgk; vd;W $wp jd;Dila gd;wp
tho;it epidj;J Gyk;gpdhH. jd;id nfhd;W tpLkhW jahgudplk;
$w> jahgud; rq;fKdpthpd; jiyia ntl;Ltjw;Fr; rk;kjk;
njhptpf;ftpy;iy.
85
gd;wpf; $l;lq;fs; cs;s ,lq;fspy; vy;yhk; FUNt ruzk; vd;W
tzq;Ffpd;wdH. mjw;F vt;tpjg; gyDkpd;wp FUitj; NjLfpd;wdH.
ngsHzkp neUq;fp tu rPlHfs; FUitj;Njb fz;Lgpbj;J mtUf;F
rhgtpNkhrdk; ju tpUk;Gfpd;wdH.
ePNa ntl;bf; nfhs;. cd; ,dj;jhiu mopj;Jf;nfhs;. vd; tho;it
FUehjH gd;wpfNshL gd;wpaha; tho;eJ; Rfk; fhzj; njhlq;fptpl;lhH.
gd;wp tho;fi
; fAld; rkrukhfpg;Nghd rq;fKdp rhgj;ijNa tukhf;fpf;
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. rhgj;ijNa tpNkhrdkhff; fUjpa rq;fKdpapd; nraypid vOJf.
Kd;Diu :
kFl ,irf;fUtpfs; ntt;NtW jhsq;fspy;
,irf; F Otpduhy; thrpf; f g; g Lfpd; w d. kFlxyp thrpg; G
epWj;jg;gLfpwJ. MLfsg;gpUk;kd; jdf;Fhpa Kfr;rhaj;ijj; NjHT
nra;Js;sgbahy; jd; Nghf;fpNyNa ehlff; fijia elj;jpr; nry;y
KbT nra;fpwhd;. ghujpahhpd; ftpijf;fhjyp vd;Dk; ftpijapy;
nrhy;ypr; nry;Yk; xU rpd;df; fijia kJiu ep[ehlf ,af;fj;jpd;
rhHgpy; rhgk;!... tpNkhrdk;? vd;Dk; ngahpy; ehlfkhf epfo;j;jpf;
fhl;lg;gLfpwJ.
86
fijg;Nghf;F :
ehlfj;jpd; fijg;Nghf;F rq;fKdp vd;Dk; jtKdp jd;
caHepiyapy; ,Ue;J #oypd; fhuzkhf gd;wp cUitg; ngw;W
mjid Vw;Wf;nfhs;s kdk; kWf;fpwJ. gpd; mjid Vw;Wf; nfhz;L
mjidNa nrhHf;fkhf fUJtJ fijg;Nghf;fhf mikfpd;wJ.
fijg;Nghf;fpy; rpf;fiy Vw;gLj;jpaJ Njte;jpifapd; fdpahFk;.
Njte;jpif Nfl;l tuk; :
rq; f KdptH cyfj; j py; epfOk; Nghl; b > nghwhik
Nghd;wtw;wpw;F MirNa fhuzk; vd;fpwhH. mjdhy; Gyd;fis
mlf;fp 12 Mz;Lfs; jt tho;f;if Nkw;nfhs;s rPlHfNshL
rPHj;jkiyia mile;jhH. mk;kiyf;F mUNf Jq;fKdpthpd;
kidtp Njte;jpif gps;istuk; Ntz;b Nguhr;rp Nfhapiy
milfpwhs;. jk; kdf;Fiwfis vLj;Jf; $Wfpwhs;. fztdhfpa
Jq; f Kdp jd; N dhL ,y; y w tho; f ; i fapy; <Lgltpy; i y.
Foe;ijg;NgWk; Vw;gltpy;iy vd;W $wp tUe;jpdhs;. mts; Jauk;
Foe;ijfs; gpwf;Fk; vd;W G+rhhp $Wfpwhd;.
rq;fKdpf;F Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fs; :
rq;fKdp 12 Mz;Lfs; fLikahd jtk; nra;J Kbf;Fk;
ehshFk; . mjdhy; jq; f Sila FUehjH rq; f Kdp ahfk;
Mw;wq;fiuapy; Njte;jpif itj;Jtpl;Lr; nrd;w trpaf;fdpiag;
fdpia cz;gjw;F Kd; rq;fKdp> Miria mwNt Nghf;fNtz;Lk;.
fhkk;> FNuhjk;> Nyhgk;> Nkhfk; Nghd;w jPaFzq;fis tpl;nlhopf;f
Ntz;Lk; vd;W jd; rPlHfSf;F mwpTiu $WfpwhH. mijf;Nfl;Lr;
rPlHfs; midtUk; gutrkile;J FUitg; Nghw;Wfpd;wdH.
jd; rPlHfs; nfhLj;j fdpia rq;fKdp cz;fpwhH. mij
cz;l epiyapy; MirngWkpd;. ngz;zhir ngWkpd;. ngz;Nz
,d;gk;. mtNs Nghpd;gk; vd;W $WfpwhH. ,ijf; Nfl;l rPlHfs;
xd;Wk; tpsq;fhky; jq;fSf;Fs; $bg; NgRfpd;wdH.
87
rq;fKdp rhgj;jpw;F MshFjy; :
Nguhr; r p Nfhapy; G+rhhp Njte; j piff; F nfhLj; j
nja;tf;fdpia Mw;wq;fiuapy; cs;s kuj;jpd;fPo; itj;Jtpl;Lf;
Fspf;fr; nrd;whs;. Fspj;J Kbj;J te;j Njte;jpif Nguhr;rp
Nfhapy; G+rhhp nfhLj;j fdpiaf; fhzhJ tUe;jp mjidj; Njbf;
nfhz;L tUfpwhs;. KdptiuAk; rPlHfisAk; ghHj;J vd;idr;
rNfhjhpahf Vw;Wf; nfhz;L cjTq;fs;. nja;tf;fdp xd;W fhzhky;
Ngha;tpl;lJ. mijj; Njbj;ju vdf;F cjTq;fs; vd;W Nfl;fpwhs;.
Mdhy; rq;fKdpNah mts; nrhy;tijf; Nfl;fhky; mtSila
mofpy; kaq;FfpwhH. Njte;jpifia ujp> uk;gh> Nkdif> CHtrp
vdg; GfOfpd;whH. cd;id ms;sp vLf;fNth> mizj;J kfpoNth
vd mts; mUfpy; nry;fpwhH rq;fKdp.
Kdptdplk; ,Ue; J jg; g p mywpag; g b jd; fztd;
Jq;fKdpia ehbr;nrd;W ele;jij nrhy;fpwhs; Njte;jpif.
rq;fKdpthpd; Mir Nkhfj;ij mwpe;J Jq;fKdp mtiuj;
jLf;fpwhH. Njte;jpif jd; kidtp vd;Wk; mtis tpLk;gb
$Wfpd;whH. rq;fKdpNah Njte;jpifia> ngz;zoF NguoF vd;W
Gfo;fpd;whH. Jq;fKdp Nfhgk; nfhz;L ehis tpbay;fhiy #hpad;
cjpf;Fk;nghOJ eP vy;NyhUk; fhZk;gb kyk; jpd;Dk; gd;wpahf
khWtha; vdr; rhgkpLfpwhH.
rhgj;jpw;F jPHT :
gd; w pahf khwpa rq; f Kdpthpd; rP l Hfs; midtUk;
Jq;fKdpaplk; rq;fKdpapd; Nkd;ikiaAk; nja;tf; fdpahy; Vw;gl;l
khw;wj;ijAk; $Wfpd;wdH. rq;fKdp jhd; rhgk; ngw;wijf; Nfl;L
jhd; gd;wpah? Gyk;gj; njhlq;fpdhH. mg;NghJ rPlHfs; vq;fs;
FUehjUf;Fr; rhgtpil jhUq;fs; vd;W Jq;fKdpaplk; Nfl;fpd;wdH.
rhgj;ij kPz;Lk; ngWtJ ,ayhJ. Mdhy; tUk; ngsHzkp md;W
re;jpud; cjakhFk; Neuj;jpy; cq;fs; FUehjhpd; jiyia thshy;
ntl;b nfhd;why; gd;wp cUtj;jpy; ,Ue;J Kdptuhf khWthH
vd;W $wpdhH.
rq;fKdp rhgj;ij tukhf;fpf; nfhs;Sjy; :
jahgud; rq;fKdpaplk; kd;dpg;G Nfl;fpwhd;. Mdhy; rq;fKdp
jhd; gd;wpahf thOk; mtyepiyiaf; fz;L fyq;fpdhH. jahgud;
tp\;ZTk; gd;wpahf mtjhuk; nfhz;lij epidT $w> rq;fKdpNah
mJ mtjhuk;. jhd; ngw;wNjh rhgk; vd;W $wp jd;Dila gd;wp
tho;it epidj;J Gyk;gpdhH. jd;id nfhd;W tpLkhW jahgudplk;
$Wfpwhs;. Mdhy; jahgud; rq;fKdpthpd; jiyia ntl;Ltjw;Fr;
rk;kjk; njhptpf;ftpy;iy.
88
gd;wpf; $l;lq;fs; cs;s ,lq;fspy; vy;yhk; FUNt ruzk; vd;W
tzq;Ffpd;wdH. mjw;F vt;tpjg; gyDkpd;wp FUitj; NjLfpd;wdH.
ngsHzkp neUq;fp tu rPlHfs; FUitj;Njb fz;Lgpbj;J mtUf;F
rhgtpNkhrdk; ju tpUk;Gfpd;wdH.
ePNa ntl;bf; nfhs;. cd; ,dj;jhiu mopj;Jf;nfhs;. vd; tho;it
FUehjH gd;wpfNshL gd;wpaha; tho;eJ ; Rfk; fhzj; njhlq;fptpl;lhH.
gd;wp tho;fi; fAld; rkrukhfpg;Nghd rq;fKdp rhgj;ijNa tukhf;fpf;
KbTiu :
rq;fKdp 12 Mz;Lfs; jtk; ,Ue;J KbTilAk; Ntisapy;
,Uf; f pwhH. jk; FUehjUf; F Ntz; b a goq; f is rP l Hfs;
Nrfhpf;fpd;wdH. Njte;jpif Mw;wq;fiuapy; itj;jpUe;j mjpra
fdpia vLj;Jr; nry;fpd;wdH. rq;fKdptH goq;fis rhg;gpLk;NghJ
,f;fdpiaAk; rhg;gpLfpwhH. jd; epiyapy; ,Ue;J khWfpwhH.
Jq;fKdp mtUf;F rhgk; tpLfpwhH. gd;wpfNshL jd; tho;f;ifia
rkrukhfpg;Nghd rq;fKdp rhgj;ijNa tukhf;fpf; nfhs;sg; gofpf;
nfhz;lhH.
89
2. Gul;rpf;ftp
muq;fntspapy; tyg;Gw ,lg;Gwf; fPoj ; j
; sq;fspy; vjpnujpNu
,uz;L gPlq;fspy; ,irf;FOtpdH mkHe;J ,Uf;fpd;wdH. mtHfs;
yhtzp ,irf;fUtpfis nfhz;L ,irf;fpd;wdH. Nky;Gw ikaj;jpy;
xU gPlk; Nghlg;gl;L ,Uf;fpwJ. Mlw;FOtpdH tyg;Gw ,lg;Gw
Nky;jsq;fspypUe;J MLfs Nky; ikaj;ij milfpd;wdH.
ghujpjhrdpd; Gul;rpf;ftp vd;Dk; fhtpaj;ij kJiu ep[ehlf
,af;fj;jpd; rhHgpy; cjhudpd; mwpKfj;NjhL njhlq;FfpwJ.
fijr;RUf;fk; :
cjhud; ciof; F k; njhopyhsHfNshL ,ize; J
ghLgLgtd;. CH kf;fs; jUk; czit cz;L mtHfSf;fhfNt
fisg;ig Nghf;f> ftpijghLgtd;. mtHfis ,uTg;
gs;spf;$lj;jpw;F tUkhW $wp ghlk; elj;Jfpwhd;. fhLfis ePf;fp
ehlhf;fpdPH. fodpfisj; jpUj;jp tayhf;fp coT nra;jPH. ehd;F
jpirfspYk; tPjpfis mikj;J tPLfs; fl;bdPH. filtPjpfis
Vw;gLj;jp mq;F ekf;F Ntz;ba nghUs;fis nfhz;Ltur; nra;jHP .
fLikahfg; ghLgl;lhYk; VioahfNt tho;fpd;wPH. fe;ijj;Jzp
mzpe;J iffshy; cliyg; NghHj;jpf; nfhs;fpwPH. nkhe;ijapy;
cs;s $iof; Fbj;Jg; grp Nghf;Ffpd;wHP . jq;Ftjw;F tPL ,y;yhky;
re;ij khLfshf nkype;J tho;fpd;wHP . cq;fs; ciog;gpw;F ,Jjhd;
gyNdh? vd;W cjhud; ,uTg;Gs;spapy; fy;tp fw;f te;j xU
nghpathplk; Nfl;fpwhd;.
cjhud; Nfl;l Nfs;tpf;Fg; nghpatH md;iwf;Nf flTs;
vy;yhtw;iwAk; vq;fs; jiyapy; vOjptpl;lhH. mij ahuhy; khw;w
KbAk; vd;W gjpy; $WfpwhH. Mdhy; mjw;F cjhud; flTs;
vd;w ngaH $whj fhyj;jpy; cyfk; ed;whf ,Ue;jJ. flTs;
ngaiur; nrhy;ypj;jhd; Vio> gzf;fhud; vd;Dk; NtWghLfs;
Njhd;wpd vd;W gjpy; $Wfpwhd;.
murH ftiy cila Kfj;NjhL tUfpwhH. mikr;rH murhpd;
kdepiyia czHfpwhH. mKjty;yp ftpijf; fw;Wf; nfhs;s
Vw;w MrphpaH ,y;iy vd;gij murH $WfpwhH. mijf;Nfl;l
mikr;rH cjhud; vd;Dk; ftpQid Vw;ghL nra;fpwhH. mg;NghJ
mtHfs; mKjty;ypAk; cjhuDk; kpfTk; mofhdtHfs;. xUtiu
xUtH ghHj;jhy; gQ;Rk; neUg;Gk;Nghy; MfptpLNkh vd;W murUk;
mikr;rUk; mQ;Rfpd;wdH.
90
,UtUk; xUtiu xUtH ghHf;fhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhfNt
,UtUf;Fk; ,ilapy; jpiu xd;iw itf;fyhk;. mKjty;ypaplk;
cjhud; fz; ghHitaw;wtd; vd;Wk;> cjhudplk; mKjty;yp
njhONehahsp vd;Wk; $wp ,ilapy; jpiuapl;L fw;gpf;f fw;Wf;
nfhLf;f nrhy;Nthk; vd Ngrpf; nfhs;fpd;wdH.
kd;dd; kfs; mKjty;yp ftpQd; cjhud;
,UtUf;FkpilNa jpiuapl;L ftp ,yf;fzk; njhlq;FfpwJ. cjhud;
mKjty;ypf;F Njkh> Gspkh> $tpsk;> fUtpsk;> Njkhq;fha;>
Gspkhq;fha;> $tpsq;fsha;> fUtpsq;fha; vd;W ftpij ,yf;fzk;
fw;Wj; jUfpd;whd;. ghlk; elj;Jtij kd;dDk; mikr;rDk; kiwtpy;
xspe;jpUe;J vd;d elf;fpwJ vd;gijf; fhz;fpd;wdH.
cjhud; mKjty;ypf;F tFg;G Kbj;J ,uTNeug;gs;spf;Fr;
nry;fpd;whd;. cjhuidf; fz;l kf;fs; kfpo;e;J kd;dd; kfSf;F
tFg;G elj;JtJ vt;thW cs;sJ vd;W tprhhpf;fpd;wdH. mjw;F
cjhud; kd; d d; kfSf; F tFg; G vLg; g ijtpl ,uTNeu
gs;spf;$lj;jpy; kf;fSf;F tFg;G vLg;gNj kfpo;thf cs;sJ
vd;W $Wfpwhd;.
kf;fsplk; New;W fw;Wf; nfhLj;j Xlg;gH caug;gH vy;yhk;
khwp xg;gg;gH MfptpLtH vd;Dk; ghujpjhrd; ghlypd; nghUisf;
Nfl;fpwhd;. xw;Wikahf ,Ue;jhy; vijAk; rhjpf;fyhk; vd;W
kf;fs; gjpy; $Wfpd;wdH. cjhud; kf;fsplk; #hpaidr; Rkg;gJ
ahH vd;W Nfl;f kf;fs;; thdk;> VO Fjpiu> mDkhH KOq;fpdhH
vd;W xt;nthUtUk; gjpy; $Wfpd;wdH. mjw;F cjhud; ciof;Fk;
kf;fshfpa ePq;fs;jhd; #hpaid KJfpy; Rkf;fpd;wPH vd;whd;.
,jidf; Nfl;l CH kf;fs; midtUk; cjhud; ,Uf;Fk; mwptpw;F
kd;dd; kfSf;F kl;Lky;y kd;dDf;Nf ghlk; nrhy;ypj;ju KbAk;
vd;W ghuhl;Lfpd;wdH.
cjhud; muz;kidapy; mKjty;ypf;F ftpij fw;Wf;
nfhLj;JtUk; ehspy; xU ehs; epytpidg;gw;wp ftpijg;ghb tFg;G
elj;Jfpd;whd;. mjidf; Nfl;l mKjty;yp> fz; ghHitaw;wtd;
vg;gb ,t;thW ghlKbAk;? vd;w Iak; Vw;gLfpd;wJ. mKjty;yp
jpiuapid tpyf;fpg; ghHf;fpd;whs;. cjhudpd; fz;ghHit fz;L
je;ij Vd; ngha; $wpdhH vd;W mKjty;ypAk;> mKjty;ypf;F
njhONeha; vd;W mikr;rH Vd; ngha; $wpdhH vd;W cjhuDk;
mKjty;ypAk; xUtiunahUtH mwpe;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdH. ,jid
kiwtpypUe; J kd; d Dk; mikr; r Uk; ghHf; f pd; w dH. cjhud;
mKjty;ypaplk; jkpopw;F ,ioj;j mtkhdk; vd;W $wp kf;fis
ehbr; nry; f pwhd; . ele; j epfo; T fis cjhud; kf; f splk;
njhptpf;fpd;whd;.
91
cjhud; muz;kidf;F te;J mKjty;ypiar; re;jpf;fpwhd;.
cjhud;kPJ fhjy; nfhs;fpwhs;. cjhud; mKjty;ypaplk; vdf;F
kf;fis tpopg;gilar; nra;a Ntz;ba ngUk;gzp fhj;J ,Uf;fpwJ.
,r;#oypy; vdf;Ff; fhjy; Ntz;lhk; vd;id kwe;JtpL vd;W
cjhud; mKjty;ypaplk; $Wfpwhd;. jd; epiyiaf; $wpa
cjhudplk; mKjty;yp cs;sk; xd;Wgl;lgpd; caHT> jho;T>
murd;> Mz;b vd;w ve;jg; NgjKk; ,y;iy. vd;id Vw;Wf; nfhs;
vd;W $Wfpwhs;. mjidf; Nfl;l cjhud; mKjty;ypkPJ fhjy;
nfhs; f pwhd; . murDk; mikr; r Dk; ,ijg; g hHj; J f; Nfhgk;
nfhs;fpd;wdH. fhtyHfis mioj;J cjhuid ifJ nra;J
thUq;fs;. CH vq;Fk; giwabj;J kf;fis tprhuiz kz;lgj;jpw;F
tur; nra;Aq;fs; vd kd;dd; cj;juT NghLfpwhd;.
ftpij fw;Wf; nfhLf;fr; nrhd;dhy; mij tpLj;J vd;
kfs;kPJ fhjy; nfhz;lhah? vd; nrhj;ij mgfhpf;f epidj;jhah?
vd murd; Nfl;fpwhd;. fhjypg;gij ePq;fs; Fw;wk; vd;W vLj;Jf;
nfhz;lhy; Fw;wk;. Fw;wkpy;iy vd;why; Fw;wk; ,y;iy vd;W
cjhud; gjpy; $Wfpwhd;. gpd;dHf; $l;lj;jpdiug; ghHj;J ,UtiuAk;
tprhhpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;fpwhd;. $bapUe;j kf;fsplk; cjhud;> jiyia
ntl;LtJ murDf;Fg; nghOJNghf;F. ekf;Nfh caphpd; thij
vd;W $wp kf;fNs! murid ek;ghjPHfs; vd;W $f;Fuy; tpLfpwhd;.
Mdhy; murNdh mtidg; nghUl;gLj;jhky; jiyia ntl;l
MizapLfpwhd;.
mKjty;yp Xbr;nrd;W fhtyHfisj; jLf;fpwhs;. kd;dNdh
jd; kfs; vd;W epidf;fhJ mtis rpiwapy; milAq;fs; vd;whd;.
fhtyHfs; mKjty;ypiaf; ifJ nra;fpd;wdH. mikr;rH kd;ddplk;
mKjty;ypf;F ,ioj;jpUf;Fk; jz;lidia ePf;fNtz;Lk; vd;W
nrhy;y mKjty;yp mikr;rd; Ngrpaij kWj;jhs;.
tho;tnjd;why; ,UtUk; xd;whf tho;Nthk;. mJNghyr;
rhtJ vd;why; ,UtUk; xd;whfr; rhNthk; vd;fpwhs; mKjty;yp.
mjidf; Nfl;l murd; ,UtiuAk; nfhiy nra;a MizapLfpwhd;.
,jidf; Nfl;L kf;fs; nfhjpj;J vOfpd;wdH. nfhiyf;fsj;jpy;
fhtyHfSf; F k; kf; f Sf; F k; Nkhjy; Vw; g LfpwJ. kf; f spd;
vjpHg;Gf;Fuy; cr;rj;ij milfpwJ. Nfhiyahsp mr;rj;Jld; this
caHj;Jfpwhd;. kf;fs; $l;lk; vOr;rpAld; Kd;NdWfpwJ. kd;dDk;
kw;wtHfSk; mQ;Rfpd;wdH. cjhud; mKjty;ypia
Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwhd;. Nky;tUzk;> fPot
; Uzk; vd;w ghFghL kiwfpwJ.
92
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. Gul;rpf;ftp ftpijia vOjpatH? ghujpjhrd;
2. Gul;rpf;ftp ve;E}iy jOtp vOjg;gl;lJ? gpy;fzPak;
3. Gul;rpf;ftpia ehlfkhf vOjpatH ahH?
KidtH K. ,uhkRthkp> KidtH nrz;gfk; ,uhkRthkp
4. Gul;rpf;ftp ehlfk; ve;j ,af;fj;jhy; Nkilapy; muq;Nfw;wk;
nra;ag;ngw;wJ? kJiu ep[ehlf ,af;fk;
5. cjhud; ahUf;F ftpijg;ghb tpopg;GzHit Vw;gLj;j epidj;jhd;?
ciof;Fk; njhopyhsHfs;
6. cjhuDf;F kf;fs; ftpQd; vd;W miof;fg;gLtjw;fhd fhuzj;ij $W.
kf; f Sf; F ftpijfisf; fw; W j; j e; J tpopg; G zHit
Vw;gLj;Jtjhy; kf;fs; ftpQd; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwhd;.
7. mKjty;yp vit fw;Wf;nfhs;stpy;iy vd kd;dd; tUj;jg;gl;lhd;?
ftpij
8. Gul;rpf;ftp ehlfj;jpy; fz;ghHitaw;wtd;? cjhud;
9. Gul;rpf;ftp ehlfj;jpy; njhONehahsp? mKjty;yp
10. cjhuDk; mKjty;ypAk; re;jpf;fkhy; ,Uf;f vd;d nra;jdH?
jpiu mikj;jy;
11. cjhud; ve;jg; ghliy ghbajhy; mKjty;ypf;F re;Njfk; Vw;gl;lJ?
ePythd; Milf;Fs; cly; kiwj;J> epyhnthd;W fhl;Lfpd;wha;…
12. cjhud; mKjty;ypf;F fw;Wj;je;j ftpij ,yf;fzj;ijf; $W.
Njkh> Gspkh> $tpsk;> fUtpsk;> Njkhq;fha;> Gspkhq;fha;>
$tpsq;fsha;> fUtpsq;fha;
13. cjhud; vq;F tFg;G vLg;gij kfpo;r;rpahff; fUjpdhd;?
,uTNeu gs;spf;$lj;jpy;
14. Xlg;gH caug;gH vt;thW xg;gg;gH MtH?
Xlg;guha; ,Uf;Fk; njhopyhsHfs; xw;Wikahf ,Ue;jhy; vijAk;
rhjpf;fyhk;
15. #hpaidr; Rkg;gJ ahH? ciof;Fk; kf;fs;
16. mKjty;ypapd; fhjiy cjhud; Vw;Wf;nfhs;shikf;fhd fhuzk;
vd;d? kf;fis tpopg;gilar; nra;a Ntz;ba ngUk;gzp ,Ug;gjhy;
17. mKjty;yp xd;Wg;gl;l fhjYf;F vit Njitapy;iy vd;fpwhs;?
caHT> jho;T> murd;> Mz;b vd;w ve;jg; NgjKk; Njitapy;iy
vd;fpwhs;.
18. cjhuDf;F kd;dd; vj;jz;lid toq;Ffpwhd;? rpur;Nrjj; jz;lid
19. cjhud; kf;fisg; ghHj;J $f;Fuypl;lJ vd;d? jiyia ntl;LtJ
murDf;Fg; nghOJNghf;F. ekf;Nfh caphpd; thij vd;W $wp
kf;fNs! murid ek;ghjPHfs; vd;W $f;Fuy; tpLfpwhd;.
20. cjhudpd; Ngr;rhy; vg;Gul;rp Vw;gLfpwJ? kf;fs; Gul;rp
21. cjhuDk; mKjty;ypAk; ,iztjhy; vg;ghFghL kiwe;jJ?
Nky;tUzk;> fPo;tUzk;
93
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. cjhuDf;Fk; CH nghpatUf;Fk; ele;j ciuahliy vOJ.
2. cjhud; mKjty;ypf;F fw;Wf;nfhLj;j ftpj;Jtj;jpd; eak;
ahJ?
mikr;rH cjhud; vd;Dk; kf;fs; ftpQid Vw;ghL nra;fpwhH.
mKjty;ypAk; cjhuDk; kpfTk; mofhdtHfs;. xUtiu xUtH
ghHj;jhy; gQ;Rk; neUg;Gk;Nghy; MfptpLNkh vd;W murUk; mikr;rUk;
mQ;Rfpd;wdH. ,UtUk; xUtiu xUtH ghHf;fhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhfNt
nfhLf;f $WNthk; vd;whH. kd;dd; kfs; mKjty;yp ftpQd;
cjhud; ,UtUf;FkpilNa jpiuapl;L ftp ,yf;fzk; njhlq;FfpwJ.
cjhud; mKjty;ypf;F Njkh> Gspkh> $tpsk;> fUtpsk;> Njkhq;fha;>
fw;Wj; jUfpd;whd;. ghlk; elj;Jtij kd;dDk; mikr;rDk; kiwtpy;
94
3. cjhuid kf;fs; vt;thnwy;yhk; ghuhl;Lfpd;wdH?
tFg;G elj;JtJ vt;thW cs;sJ vd;W tprhhpj;jdH. mjw;F
vd;W $Wfpwhd;. kf;fsplk; New;W fw;Wf; nfhLj;j Xlg;gH caug;gH
vy;yhk; khwp xg;gg;gH MfptpLtH vd;Dk; ghujpjhrd; ghlypd;
nghUisf; Nfl;fpwhd;. xw;Wikahf ,Ue;jhy; vijAk; rhjpf;fyhk;
vd;W kf;fs; gjpy; $Wfpd;wdH. cjhud; kf;fsplk; #hpaidr;
Rkg;gJ ahH vd;W Nfl;f kf;fs;; thdk;> VO Fjpiu> mDkhH
KOq;fpdhH vd;Wk; xt;nthUtUk; gjpy; $Wfpd;wdH. mjw;F cjhud;
ciof;Fk; kf;fshfpa ePq;fs;jhd; #hpaid KJfpy; Rkf;fpd;wPH
vd;whd;. ,jidf; Nfl;l CH kf;fs; midtUk; cjhud; ,Uf;Fk;
mwptpw;F kd;dd; kfSf;F kl;Lky;y kd;dDf;Nf ghlk; nrhy;ypj;ju
KbAk; vd;W ghuhl;Lfpd;wdH.
4. cjhuDf; F k; mKjty; y pf; F k; Vw; g l; l fhjy; ciuahliy vOJ.
nfhLj;JtUk; ehspy; xU ehs; epytpidg;gw;wp ftpij ghb tFg;G
elj;Jfpd;whd;. mjidf; Nfl;l mKjty;yp fz; ghHitaw;wtd;
jpiuapid tpyf;fpg; ghHf;fpd;whs;. cjhudpd; fz;ghHitfz;L
mKjty;ypAk; xUtiunahUtH mwpe;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdH. cjhud;
muz;kidf;F te;J mKjty;ypiar; re;jpf;fpwhd;. cjhud;kPJ
fhjy; nfhs;fpwhs;. cjhud; mKjty;ypaplk; vdf;F kf;fis
tpopg;gilar; nra;a Ntz;ba ngUk;gzp fhj;J ,Uf;fpwJ.
nfhs;fpwhd;.
5. kd;ddpd; fl;lisAk;> cjhud; kf;fsplk; Vw;gLj;jpa vOr;rpAk;
ahJ?
95
MizapLfpwhd;.
vjpHg;Gf;Fuy; cr;rj;ij milfpwJ. nfhiyahsp mr;rj;Jld; this
Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwhd;. Nky;tUzk;> fPot ; Uzk; vd;w ghFghL kiwfpwJ.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. Gul;rpftp ehlfk; Vw;gLj;jpa Gul;rpia vLj;Jiuf;f.
Kd;Diu :
ghujpjhrd; vOjpa Gul;rpf;ftp fhtpaj;ij ikakhf itj;J
K.,uhkRthkp mtHfs; ,e;ehlfj;ij vOjpAs;shH. cjhud;
kf;fSf;F njhz;lhw;Wjy;> murd; kfSf;F ftpij nrhy;yp jUjy;>
fhjy; epiy> kf;fs; Vw;gLj;jpa Gul;rp vd ,e;ehlfk; Nkilapy;
ebj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wdH.
cjhuDf;Fk;> nghpatUf;Fk; ele;j ciuahly; :
96
cjhud; mKjty;ypf;F fw;Wf;nfhLj;j ftpj;Jtk; :
mikr;rH cjhud; vd;Dk; kf;fs; ftpQid Vw;ghL nra;fpwhH.
mKjty;ypAk; cjhuDk; kpfTk; mofhdtHfs;. xUtiu xUtH
ghHj;jhy; gQ;Rk; neUg;Gk;Nghy; MfptpLNkh vd;W murUk; mikr;rUk;
mQ;Rfpd;wdH. ,UtUk; xUtiu xUtH ghHf;fhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhfNt
nfhLf;f $WNthk; vd;whH. kd;dd; kfs; mKjty;yp ftpQd;
cjhud; ,UtUf;FkpilNa jpiuapl;L ftp ,yf;fzk; njhlq;FfpwJ.
cjhud; mKjty;ypf;F Njkh> Gspkh> $tpsk;> fUtpsk;> Njkhq;fha;>
fw;Wj;jUfpd;whd;. ghlk; elj;Jtij kd;dDk; mikr;rDk; kiwtpy;
cjhuid kf;fs; ghuhl;Ljy; :
tFg;G elj;JtJ vt;thW cs;sJ vd;W tprhhpj;jdH. mjw;F
vd;W $Wfpwhd;. kf;fsplk; New;W fw;Wf; nfhLj;j Xlg;gH caug;gH
vy;yhk; khwp xg;gg;gH MfptpLtH vd;Dk; ghujpjhrd; ghlypd;
97
nghUisf; Nfl;fpwhd;. xw;Wikahf ,Ue;jhy; vijAk; rhjpf;fyhk;
vd;W kf;fs; gjpy; $Wfpd;wdH. cjhud; kf;fsplk; #hpaidr;
Rkg;gJ ahH vd;W Nfl;f kf;fs;; thdk;> VO Fjpiu> mDkhH
KOq;fpdhH vd;Wk; xt;nthUtUk; gjpy; $Wfpd;wdH. mjw;F cjhud;
ciof;Fk; kf;fshfpa ePq;fs;jhd; #hpaid KJfpy; Rkf;fpd;wPH
vd;whd;. ,jidf; Nfl;l CH kf;fs; midtUk; cjhud; ,Uf;Fk;
mwptpw;F kd;dd; kfSf;F kl;Lky;y kd;dDf;Nf ghlk; nrhy;ypj;ju
KbAk; vd;W ghuhl;Lfpd;wdH.
cjhud;> mKjty;yp ciuahly; :
nfhLj;JtUk; ehspy; xU ehs; epytpidg;gw;wp ftpij ghb tFg;G
elj;Jfpd;whd;. mjidf; Nfl;l mKjty;yp fz; ghHitaw;wtd;
jpiuapid tpyf;fpg; ghHf;fpd;whs;. cjhudpd; fz;ghHit fz;L
mKjty;ypAk; xUtiunahUtH mwpe;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdH. cjhud;
muz;kidf;F te;J mKjty;ypiar; re;jpf;fpwhd;. cjhud;kPJ
fhjy; nfhs;fpwhs;. cjhud; mKjty;ypaplk; vdf;F kf;fis
tpopg;gilar; nra;a Ntz;ba ngUk;gzp fhj;J ,Uf;fpwJ.
nfhs;fpwhd;.
kd;ddpd; fl;lis> kf;fspd; vOr;rp :
MizapLfpwhd;.
98
vjpHg;Gf;Fuy; cr;rj;ij milfpwJ. nfhiyahsp mr;rj;Jld; this
Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwhd;. Nky;tUzk;> fPot
; Uzk; vd;w ghFghL kiwe;jJ.
KbTiu :
murdpd; kfSf;F cjhud; ftpij nrhy;ypj; jUfpwhd;.
cjhuDf;Fk; mKjty;ypf;Fk; fhjy; Vw;gLfpwJ. ,ij murd;
jLf;fpwhd;. cjhuDf;F jz;lid nfhLf;fpwhd;. kf;fsplk; Gul;rp
Vw;gLfpwJ. cjhuidAk; mKjty;ypiaAk; NrHj;J itf;fpd;wdH.
tUzg;ghFghL kiwfpwJ vd;gij ,e;ehlfj;jpy; MrphpaH czHj;jp
,Uf;fpwhH.
3. MGj;jpud;
kzpNkfiy fhg;gpaj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s MGj;jpud; jpwk;
mwptpj;j fhijia ikakhf itj;J ,e;ehlfk; vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ.
muq;fpd; tyJ Nkw;Gwj;jpy; xU Rik jhq;fpf;fy; epd;W nfhz;L
,Uf;fpwJ. FWq;Foy; Cjpf; nfhz;L xUtd; muq;fpw;Fs; tUfpwhd;.
mijj; njhlHe;J cWjp> Fe;jsk; Mfpa ,irf;fUtpfis
,irj;jgb tyg;Gw ,lg;Gw muq;fpd; ,UNtW jpf;FfspypUe;Jk;
fij nrhy;ypfs; muq;fpy; Eiofpd;wdH. %tUk; ghly; ghbf;
nfhz;Nl MGj;jpudpd; fijiaf; $wg;Nghtjha; tUfpd;wdH.
nfhs;ifg; gpbg;gpdhNy ek; Fk;gpiaNa thl;L fij
mLj;jtHf;Fr; NrhW Cl;b mjw;F mLj;jgbNa jhDk; cz;l
MGj;jpudpd; Nrhff;fij ,J mLf;fLf;fha;j; njhlUk; fij
vd;W mwpKfg;gLj;JfpwhH. mjw;Nfw;whw;Nghy; cz;zhtpujk; ,Ue;J
capHtpl;l ,yq;ifg; Nghuhsp jpyPgd;. jkpo;ehL vd;Dk; ngaH
#l; l cz; z hNehd; g pUe; j rq; f uypq; f k; > MrphpaHfs; tho; T
kyHtjw;fhf cz;zhtpujk; ,Ue;J capH Jwe;j NguhrphpaH
rz;KfRe;juk; Mfpa %tiuAk; ehlf MrphpaH MGj;jpudpd;
cwtpdHfshff; fhl;LfpwhH.
99
fijr;RUf;fk; :
me;jzd; kidtpahfpa rhyp vd;gts; jPa xOf;fj;jhy;
fUTWfpwhs; . mg; g htj; i jg; Nghf; f fhrpapy; eP u hbtpl; L
fd;dpahFkhpf;F ePuhlr; nry;fpwhs;. nry;Yk; topapy; xU Mz;
Foe;ijiag; ngw;nwLf;fpwhs;. Foe;ijia vLj;Jr; nrd;why; fztd;
Vw;Wf; nfhs;skhl;lhd; vd;gij mwpe;J mf;Foe;ijia mq;NfNa
tpl;Lr; nry;fpwhs;. Foe;ij grpahy; mOfpwJ. rj;jj;ij czHe;j
gR Foe;ijapd; mUfpy; nrd;W ehthy; ef;fp mjd; mOifiag;
Nghf;FfpwJ.
fhl;Lf;Fs; mdhijahf ,Uf;Fk; Foe;ijiag; ghHj;jtd;
CUf;Fs; nrd;W ehd;F Ngiu mioj;Jf; nfhz;L tUfpwhd;.
gRit tpul;l KaYfpwhHfs;. gRthdJ te;jtHfs; midtiuAk;
Kl;LfpwJ. mg;nghOJ ,sk;G+jpAk; mtdJ kidtp NtjhTk;
mt;topNa tUfpd;whHfs;. gRitAk; Foe;ijiaAk; ghHf;fpd;whHfs;.
Ntjh Foe;ijia vLf;fpd;whs;. gR mtis Kl;lhJ ,Uf;fpd;wJ.
,UtUk; jq;fSf;F Foe;ij ,y;yhj ftiyjPu ,iwtdhy; jug;gl;l
Foe;ij vd;W kfpo;fpd;wdH.
fhl;bd; topahf te;j eghplk; Foe;ijiag; gw;wp Nfl;fpd;wdH.
Foe;ijiag;gw;wp ahUf;Fk; rhpahfj; njhpatpy;iy. Nghdthuk;
Fkhpahlg; Ngha;f;nfhz;bUe;j XH me;jzH $l;lj;jpy; xU ngz;
ngw;nwLj;j Foe;ij vd;W kl;Lk; njhpfpwJ. gR ghy; je;J
tsHj;jjhy; Foe;ij kpFe;j mUs; ngw;wJ vd;Wjhd; vy;NyhUk;
nrhy;fpwhHfs;.
Foe; i jiaf; nfhQ; r pgbNa Ntjh> M(gR) tsHj; j
Foe;ijia ehk; tsHf;fyhk; vd;whs;. mijf; Nfl;l ,sk;G+jp
gRit Nehf;fp? ‘mjprag; gRNth! eP tsHj;J capH fhj;j
Foe;ijia ,dp ehq;fs; tsHf;fyhkh?’ vd;whs;. gR jiyahl;br;
rk;kjk; njhptpj;jJ. ,jidf; fz;L kfpo;e;j jk;gjpapdH M(gR) M(gR)>
tsHj;j Gj;jpud;(kfd;) vd;W ngahpl;L tsHj;jdH. mf;Foe;ij
MGj;jpud; vd;Dk; ngahpy; tsHe;J nghpatd; Mfpwhd;.
me;jzHfs; Nts;tp elj;Jfpd;wdH. mt;Nts;tpf;F gyp
nfhLg;gjw;fhfg; gRitg; gpbj;Jr; nry;fpd;wdH. mijf; fz;l
MGj;jpud; me;jzHfsplkpUe;J gRitg; gpbj;Jf; nfhs;fpwhd;.
me;jzHfs; gRitf; nfhLf;FkhW thjk; nra;fpd;wdH. mtHfsplk;
MGj;jpud; Nts;tp nra;Aq;fs;! topghL nra;Aq;fs;! kdj;jpd;
khrpidg; Nghf;Fq;fs;! Mdhy; capHf;nfhiy nra;ahjPHfs; vd;W
mwpTiu $Wfpwhd;.
100
Ntjk;> ahfk;> capHg;gyp Mfpa midj;Jk; me;jzHfspd;
gpwg;Ghpik. mtw;iw eP jLf;fhNj vd;W me;jzHfs; gjpy;
$Wfpd;wdH. NkYk; MGj;jpuid ,opthfg; NgRfpd;wdH. mjw;F
MGj;jpud;> capHf;nfhiyapy; vdf;F cld;ghL ,y;iy vd;W
$Wfpwhd;.
eP gRTf;Fg; gpwe;jtd;. mjdhy; jhd; cdf;F MGj;jpud;
vd;Dk; ngaH te;jJ vd;W fpz;ly; nra;jdH. mjw;F MGj;jpud;>
gRtpw;Fg; gpwe;jtd; mryd;. khDf;Fg; gpwe;jtd; rpUq;fp. Gypf;Fg;
gpwe;jtd; tphpQ;rp. ehpf;Fg; gpwe;jtd; Nfrfk;gsd;. ,tHfs;
midtUk; cq;fshy; tzq;fg;gLtHfs;. mg;gb ,Uf;Fk;NghJ
vd;id ,opthfg; NgrNtz;lhk;. vd; jhAk; Fw;wkw;wts; vd;W
$Wfpwhd; MGj;jpud;.
MGj;jpudplk; NgRtjhy; gad; ,y;iy vd;gij me;jzHfs;
mwpfpd;wdH. gRit mtpo;jJ ; r; nry;y KaYk;NghJ gR mtHfis
Kl;b tpul;LfpwJ. mg;NghJ MGj;jpud; xw;iwf;fhypy; epd;W jtk;
nra;tJNghy; jpahdk; nra;J gRit Xl;br; nry;fpwhd;. me;jzHfs;
Ntjidaile;J ele;j epfo;r;rpfis mtDila je;ijahfpa
,sk;G+jpaplk; $Wfpd;wdH.
ePqf; s; Ntjke;jpuq;fis mwpe;j itjPfthjp. ke;jpuq;fisf;
fiuj;Jf; Fbj;jtH. cq;fisg; Nghd;w cj;jkH ,e;j cyfj;jpy;
vtUk; ,y;iy vd;W gythwhf ,sk;G+jpiag; Gfo;eJ ; NgRfpd;wdH.
Mdhy; eP q ; f s; tsHj; j MGj; j puNdh cq; f Sf; F vjpuhfr;
nray;gLfpwhd;.
eP q ; f s; MGj; j puid tP l ; i ltpl; L tpul; l Ntz; L k; .
,y;iynad;why; cq;fis ,e;j Ciutpl;Nl ehq;fs; tpul;b
tpLNthk; vd;W me;jzHfs; $Wfpd;wdH. mijf;Nfl;l ,sk;G+jp
jd; kidtp Ntjhtplk; Kd;NdhHfspd; Ntj ke;jpuq;fSf;Ff;
fl;Lg;gl;ltd; ehd;. mjidg; Gwf;fzpg;gtd; ek; gps;isahdhYk;
mjw;F ehd; rk;kjpf;fkhl;Nld;. kdj;ijf; fy;yhf;fpf; nfhs;.
MGj;jpud; ,dp ek; gps;is ,y;iy. ehk; fw;Wf; nfhLj;j fy;tp
mtDf;F ey;y tho;f;ifiaj; jUk; vd;W ,sk;G+jp $Wfpwhd;.
mt;tpUtUk; MGj;jpuid tpl;Lg; gphpe;J nry;fpd;wdH.
MGj;jpud; gpr;ir vLf;fpwhd;. mtw;wpy; fpilf;Fk; czitg;
gyUf;Fk; nfhLj;j gpd;dNu jhd; cz;Zk; gof;fj;ij cilatd;.
mtdhy; gad;ngw;w %jhl;b xUj;jp kpfTk; ghuhl;Lfpwhs;. mjw;F
MGj;jpud; grpahy; capHNghFk; epiyapy; ,Ue;j vdf;F xU
KjpatH czT nfhLj;J vd; capiuf; fhj;jhH. mJ Kjy;
cz;b nfhLj;NjhH capHnfhLj;NjhNu vd;Dk; ke;jpuk; Nghy; vd;
fhjpy; xypf;fpwJ.
101
ehd; gpr;ir vLf;Fk; czitg; gpwUf;Ff; nfhLj;Jg; gpd;dH
cz;gJ vdf;F kfpo;r;rpiaj; jUfpwJ vd;W $wptpl;Lf; Nfhtpy;
kz;lgj;jpy; gLj;J cwq;Ffpwhd;. ,d;W vd;idj; Njb tuf;$ba
,utyHfSf;F ghj;jpuj;jpy; xU gUf;ifr; NrhWf;$l ,y;iyNa
vd;W tUe;jpdhd;. mg;NghJ ,e;jpuhNjtp vd;Dk; nja;tk; MGj;jpuid
vOg;GfpwJ. vj;jid NgH te;jhYk; ,y;iy vd;W nrhy;yhky;
czitr; Ruf;Fk; xU nja;tPfg; ghj;jpukhfpa mKjRugpiaf;
nfhLf;fpwJ. ,jpy; ahhplkhtJ gpr;ir ngw;W ms;s ms;sf;
Fiwahj Nrhw;iw midtUf;Fk; nfhL vd;W $WfpwJ mj;nja;tk;.
nja; t P f g; ghj; j puj; i j ngw; W f; nfhz; l MGj; j pud;
vy;NyhUf;Fk; czT mspj;jhd;. tWik ,y;yhj epiyia
cUthf;fpdhd;. MGj;jpud; tho;f. MGj;jpud; Gfo; Xq;Ff vd;W
kf;fs; tho;jJ ; fpd;wdH. MGj;jpud; vy;iyaw;w kfpo;rr ; p mile;jhd;.
MGj;jpuid ghHf;f KjpatH xUtH tUfpwhH. MGj;jpudpd;
Gfio ghuhl;bg; NgRfpwhH. mJ jdf;F kfpo;r;rp jUtjp;y;iy
vd;fpwhd; MGj;jpud;. jha; je;ij md;gpw;fhf Vq;fpatDf;F cyf
kf;fspd; md;G me;j Vf;fj;ijg; Nghf;fpaJ vd;W $Wfpwhd;.
Kjpatuhf te;j ,e;jpud; cUtk; khwp Njhd;WfpwhH. vd;d tuk;
Ntz; L k; Nfs; ! vd; f pwhd; ,e; j pud; . MGj; j pud; rphpf; f pwhd; .
NjtNyhfj;jpd; mjpgjpNa! vd;id cdf;Fg; Ghpe;J
nfhs;sKbatpy;iy. cd;idg; Nghd;W mjpfhuj;jpy; cs;s
mj;jid NgUk; r%fj;jpw;F ciof;f epidf;Fk; vd;idg;
Nghd;NwhHf;Fk; tuk; vd;w ngauhy; rpy rYiffs; toq;fp r%fj;jpw;F
vq;fisg; gphpf;fg; ghHf;fpd;wPHfs;. grpj;jtUf;F czT mspg;gij
jtpu ,e;j cyfj;jpy; vdf;F vJTk; Njitapy;iy vd;fpwhd;
MGj;jpud;. vd;d Mztk;! eP ,e;jpuidNa mtkjpf;fpd;wha;.
MGj;jpuh! ve;j Mztj;jhy; eP NjtHfisNa mtkjpf;fpd;whNah
me;jg; ngUik cdf;F tpiutpy; ,y;yhky; Nghfl;Lk; vd;W $wp
,e;jpud; kiwfpwhd;.
,bAk; kpd;dYkhf ghz;ba ehl;by; kio nga;fpd;wJ.
gQ;rk; ePqf
; p tsk; ngUFfpd;wJ. MGj;jpudplk; czT ngWgtHfs;
vtUkpy;iy. mKjRugp jdJ ifapy; ,Ue;Jk; mtdhy; rhg;gpl
Kbatpy;iy. 4 ehs;fshfg; gl;bdp fplf;fpwhd; MGj;jpud;. MGj;jpud;
,J ,e; j pud; nfhLj; j rhgky; y . vdf; F ehNd itj; J f;
nfhz;bUf;Fk; rpd;d tpujk; vd;W epidj;J ,Ue;jhd;. mg;NghJ
mq;Nf te;j ,UtH ehq;fs; grpNahL ,Uf;fpNwhk; vd;wdH. ,UtUk;
rhg;gpLfpwhHfs;.
102
MGj; j puh! ,e; j Chpy; cd; i d midtUk; Nfyp
nra;fpwhHfs;. rhtfj;jPtpy; ,Ue;J te;j tzpfH rpyiu New;Wg;
ghHj;Njd;. mq;Nf ngUk; gQ;rk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. vy;yh caphpdq;fSk;
,we;J nfhz;L ,Uf;fpd;wd vd;wdH. mijf;Nfl;L kfpo;e;j
MGj;jpud; rhtfj; jPTf;Fr; nry;fpwhd;.
rhtfj; jPTf;Fr; nrd;w MGj;jpud; mq;F Ms; elkhl;lk;
,y;yhj jPtpidf; fz;L tpag;gilfpwhd;. mg;NghJ ,e;jpudpd;
rphpg;nghyp Nfl;fpwJ. ,e;jpuNd! cd;dplk; ehd; Njhw;wjhf
epidf;fpwhah? ,e;j Neuj;jpYk; cd;dplk; ehd; tuk; Nfl;ftpy;iyNa
vd;w tUj;jk; vdf;fpy;iy. cztspj;j gpd;Gjhd; cz;L capH
tho;Ntd;. vd; Fwpf;Nfhis cd;dhy; vd;d nra;a Kbe;jJ?
vd;W ,e;jpuid Nehf;fp ciuf;fpwhd;. gpwF NfhKfpg; ngha;ifapy;
mKjRugpg; ghj;jpuj;ij tpl;Ltpl;L xw;iwf;fhypy; epd;W cz;zh
Nehd;gpUe;J capHJwf;Ffpd;whd;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. MGj;jpud; ehlff; fij vf;fhg;gpaj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ?
kzpNkfiy
2. rhyp ngw;nwLj;j kfd; ahH? MGj;jpud;
3. rhyp vjw;Fj; Jzpfpwhs;?
fUTWfpwhs;. mg;ghtj;ijg; Nghf;f fd;dpahFkhpf;F ePuhlr;
nry;fpwhs;. nry;Yk; topapy; xU Mz; Foe;ijiag; ngw;nwLf;fpwhs;.
Foe;ijia vLj;Jr; nrd;why; fztd; Vw;Wf; nfhs;skhl;lhd;
vd;gij mwpe;J mf;Foe;ijia mq;NfNa tpl;Lr; nry;fpwhs;.
4. Foe;ijapd; mOFuy; rj;jk; Nfl;L gR vd;d nra;jJ?
rj;jj;ij czHe;j gR Foe;ijapd; mUfpy; nrd;W ehthy;
ef;fp mjd; mOifiag; Nghf;fpaJ.
5. MGj;jpud; nrhw;nghUs; jUf.
M vd;why; gR. Gj;jpud; vd;why; kfd;. MGj;jpud; vd;why;
gRtpd; kfd; vd;W nghUs;.
6. gRtplkpUe;J Foe;ijia vLj;J tsHj;jtHfs; ahH?
,sk;G+jp> mtdJ kidtp Ntjh
7. MGj;jpud; vd;w ngaH ahH itj;jJ?
,sk;G+jpAk;> mtdJ kidtp NtjhTk;
8. me;jzHfs; Nts;tpapy; gyp nfhLg;gjw;fhfg; vjidg; gpbj;Jr;
nry;fpd;wdH? MGj;jpuid tsHj;j gRit
103
9. MGj;jpud; me;jzHfSf;F $wpa mwpTiu vd;d?
Nts;tp nra;Aq;fs;! topghL nra;Aq;fs;! kdj;jpd; khrpidg;
Nghf;Fq;fs;! Mdhy; capHf;nfhiy nra;ahjPHfs; vd;W mwpTiu
$wpdhd;.
10. MGj; j pud; ehlfj; j py; vit me; j zHfspd; gpwg; G hpiknad
Fwpg;gpLfpwJ? Ntjk;> ahfk;> capHg;gyp
11. MGj;jpud; tpyq;Ffspd; tapw;wpypUe;J Njhd;wpatHfs; ahnud
Fwpg;gpl;lhd;?
gpwe;jtd; tphpQ;rp. ehpf;Fg; gpwe;jtd; Nfrfk;gsd; vd;whd;.
12. MGj;jpuDf;F ngw;NwhHfs; gphpa fhuzkhf ,Ue;jtHfs; ahH?
me;jzHfs;
13. me;jzHfs; ,sk;G+jpaplk; $wpaJ vd;d?
Ntjke;jpuq;fis mwpe;jtH itjPfthjp. ke;jpuq;fisf; fiuj;Jf;
Fbj;jtH. cq;fisg; Nghd;w cj;jkH ,e;j cyfj;jpy; vtUk;
,y;iy. Mdhy; ePq;fs; tsHj;j MGj;jpuNdh cq;fSf;F vjpuhfr;
nray;gLfpwhd;. ePq;fs; MGj;jpuid tPl;iltpl;L tpul;l Ntz;Lk;.
tpLNthk; vd;W me;jzHfs; $Wfpd;wdH.
14. MGj;jpud; fhjpy; xypj;j ke;jpuk;?
cz;b nfhLj;NjhH capHnfhLj;NjhNu
15. MGj;jpuDf;F mKjRugp nfhLj;j nja;tk;? ,e;jpuhNjtp nja;tk;
16. MGj;jpuid ghuhl;l KjpatH tbtj;jpy; te;jtH ahH? ,e;jpud;
17. MGj;jpuDf;F ,e;jpud; nfhLj;j rhgk; vd;d?
ve;j Mztj;jhy; eP NjtHfisNa mtkjpf;fpd;whNah me;jg;
ngUik cdf;F tpiutpy; ,y;yhky; Nghfl;Lk;.
18. MGj;jpud; vj;jPtpw;F nry;y epidj;jhd;? rhtfj;jPT
19. MGj;jpud; vq;F cz;zh Nehd;gpUe;J capH Jwf;Ffpd;whd;?
NfhKfpg; ngha;ifapy;
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. gR tsHj;j Foe;ij vg;gb MGj;jpudhf tsHe;j tpjj;ij
vOJ.
104
Nghf;FfpwJ.
nrhy;fpwhHfs;.
rk;kjk; njhptpj;jJ. ,jidf; fz;L kfpo;e;j jk;gjpapdH M(gR) M(gR)>
2. MGj;jpud; me;jzHfSf;F $wpa mwpTiu vd;d?
mwpTiu $Wfpwhd;.
$Wfpwhd;.
105
$Wfpwhd; MGj;jpud;.
3. ,sk;G+jpAk;> NtjhTk; MGj;jpuid tpl;L gphpaf; fhuzk; vd;d?
ePqf; s; Ntjke;jpuq;fis mwpe;j itjPfthjp. ke;jpuq;fisf;
nray;gLfpwhd;.
eP q ; f s; MGj; j puid tP l ; i ltpl; L tpul; l Ntz; L k; .
4. MGj;jpuDf;F ,e;jpuhNjtp nfhLj;j mKjRugpia gw;wp vOJ.
MGj;jpud; gpr;ir vLf;fpwhd;. mtw;wpy; fpilf;Fk; czitg;
gyUf;Fk; nfhLj;j gpd;dNu jhd; cz;Zk; gof;fj;ij cilatd;.
mtdhy; gad;ngw;w %jhl;b xUj;jp kpfTk; ghuhl;Lfpwhs;. mjw;F
MGj;jpud; grpahy; capHNghFk; epiyapy; ,Ue;j vdf;F xU
KjpatH czT nfhLj;J vd; capiuf; fhj;jhH. mJ Kjy;
cz;b nfhLj;NjhH capHnfhLj;NjhNu vd;Dk; ke;jpuk; Nghy; vd;
fhjpy; xypf;fpwJ.
106
nja; t P f g; ghj; j puj; i j ngw; W f; nfhz; l MGj; j pud;
vy;NyhUf;Fk; czT mspj;jhd;. tWik ,y;yhj epiyia
cUthf;fpdhd;. MGj;jpud; tho;f. MGj;jpud; Gfo; Xq;Ff vd;W
kf;fs; tho;jJ ; fpd;wdH. MGj;jpud; vy;iyaw;w kfpo;rr ; p mile;jhd;.
5. MGj;jpudpd; ,fo;r;rpahy; ,e;jpud; nra;j nray; ahJ?
,e;jpud; kiwfpwhd;.
6. MGj;jpud; Vd; cz;zhNehd;G ,Ue;J capHJwe;jhd;?
rhtfj;jPT tzpfH rpyiu New;Wg; ghHj;Njd;. mq;Nf ngUk;
gQ;rk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. vy;yh caphpdq;fSk; ,we;J nfhz;L
,Uf;fpd;wd vd;wdH. mijf;Nfl;L kfpo;e;j MGj;jpud; rhtfj;
jPTf;Fr; nry;fpwhd;. rhtfj; jPTf;Fr; nrd;w MGj;jpud; mq;F
Ms; elkhl;lk; ,y;yhj jPtpidf; fz;L tpag;gilfpwhd;. mg;NghJ
,e;jpudpd; rphpg;nghyp Nfl;fpwJ. ,e;jpuNd! cd;dplk; ehd; Njhw;wjhf
107
vd;w tUj;jk; vdf;fpy;iy. czT mspj;j gpd;Gjhd; cz;L
capH tho;Ntd; vd;W vd; Fwpf;Nfhis cd;dhy; vd;d nra;a
Kbe;jJ? vd;W ,e;jpuid Nehf;fp ciuf;fpwhd;. gpwF NfhKfpg;
ngha;ifapy; mKjRugpg; ghj;jpuj;ij tpl;Ltpl;L xw;iwf;fhypy;
epd;W cz;zh Nehd;gpUe;J capHJwf;Ffpd;whd;.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. MGj;jpudpd; tuyhw;iw ,e;ehlf MrphpaH K. ,uhkRthkp
vq;qdk; tpthpj;Js;shH?
Kd;Diu :
kzpNkfiy fhg;gpaj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s MGj;jpud; jpwk;
mwptpj;j fhijia ikakhf itj;J ,e;ehlfk; vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ.
fhl;by; mdhijahf fple;j Foe;ijia gRthdJ tsHf;fpwJ.
mf;Foe;ijia xU me;jzH FLk;gk; vLj;J tsHf;fpwJ. Nts;tpapy;
jd; i d tsHj; j gRit jP a py; Nghl epidj; j dH. gRit
fhg;ghw;Wfpwhd;. tsHj;j ngw;NwhHfis gphpfpwhd;. gpd;G Nehd;G
,Ue;J capH Jwf;fpd;w nra;jpia ,e;ehlfj;jpy; fhzyhk;.
gR tsHj;j Foe;ij :
Nghf;FfpwJ.
108
nrhy;fpwhHfs;.
rk;kjk; njhptpj;jJ. ,jidf; fz;L kfpo;e;j jk;gjpapdH M(gR)
M(gR)>
MGj;jpud; me;jzHfSf;F $wpa mwpTiu :
mwpTiu $Wfpwhd;.
$Wfpwhd;.
$Wfpwhd; MGj;jpud;.
MGj;jpuid tpl;L ,sk;G+jpAk;> NtjhTk; gphpjy; :
109
ePqf
; s; Ntjke;jpuq;fis mwpe;j itjPfthjp. ke;jpuq;fisf;
nray;gLfpwhd;. ePq;fs; MGj;jpuid tPl;iltpl;L tpul;l Ntz;Lk;.
,e;jpuhNjtp nfhLj;j mKjRugp :
MGj;jpud; gpr;irnaLj;j czitg; gyUf;Fk; nfhLj;j
gpd;dNu jhd; cz;Zk; gof;fk; nfhz;ltd;. mjdhy; gad;ngw;w
%jhl;b xUj;jp mtid kpfTk; ghuhl;Lfpwhs;. mjw;F MGj;jpud;
grpahy; capHNghFk; epiyapy; ,Ue;j vdf;F xU KjpatH czT
nfhLj;J vd; capiuf; fhj;jhH. mJ Kjy; cz;b nfhLj;NjhH
capHnfhLj;NjhNu vd;Dk; ke;jpuk; Nghy; vd; fhjpy; xypf;fpwJ.
nja;tPfg; ghj;jpuj;ij ngw;Wf; nfhz;l MGj;jpud; vy;NyhUf;Fk;
czT mspj;jhd;. tWik ,y;yhj epiyia cUthf;fpdhd;.
MGj; j pud; tho; f . MGj; j pud; Gfo; Xq; F f vd; W kf; f s;
tho;j;Jfpd;wdH.
,e;jpud; nra;j nray; :
110
,e;jpud; kiwfpwhd;.
MGj;jpud; cz;zhNehd;G ,Uj;jy; :
rhtfj;jPT tzpfH rpyiu New;Wg; ghHj;Njd;. mq;Nf ngUk;
gQ;rk; Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. vy;yh caphpdq;fSk; ,we;J nfhz;L
,Uf;fpd;wd vd;wdH. mijf;Nfl;L kfpo;e;j MGj;jpud; rhtfj;
jPTf;Fr; nry;fpwhd;. rhtfj; jPTf;Fr; nrd;w MGj;jpud; mq;F
Ms; elkhl;lk; ,y;yhj jPtpidf; fz;L tpag;gilfpwhd;. mg;NghJ
,e;jpudpd; rphpg;nghyp Nfl;fpwJ. ,e;jpuNd! cd;dplk; ehd; Njhw;wjhf
vd;w tUj;jk; vdf;fpy;iy. cztspj;j gpd;Gjhd; cz;L capH
tho;Ntd; vd;W vd; Fwpf;Nfhis cd;dhy; vd;d nra;a Kbe;jJ?
vd;W ,e;jpuid Nehf;fp ciuf;fpwhd;. gpwF NfhKfpg; ngha;ifapy;
mKjRugpg; ghj;jpuj;ij tpl;Ltpl;L xw;iwf;fhypy; epd;W cz;zh
Nehd;gpUe;J capHJwf;Ffpd;whd;.
KbTiu :
xUtila rhT ntw;wp Njhy;tpia epHzapf;fhJ. nrj;jjd;
gpd;dhYk; tho;gtHfs; vj;jid NgH? cz;zh Nehd;ngDk; Nghuhl;l
tbtj;jhy; cyfj;ijNa jd; gf;fk; jpUk;g itj;j MGj;jpud;
vy;yhH kdq;fspYk; ,d;Dk; tho;e;J nfhz;Ljhd; ,Uf;fpwhd;.
nrj;jjd; gpd;Dk; tho;e;J nfhz;L ,Ug;gjhy; rhTf;Fj;jhd; ,J
Njhy;tp. rhit ntd;wtd; MGj;jpud;. jhd; nfhz;l nfhs;ifapy;
,yl;rpaj;jpy; kdpjNerpg;gpy; cWjpaha; ,Ue;J Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jd;id
,og; g tHfs; vspatHfshdhYk; mtHfNs vy; N yhiuAk; t pl
caHe;jtHfs; vd ,e;ehlfk; typAWj;JfpwJ.
111
myF IV.. ,yf;fpa tuyhW
1. gf;jp ,yf;fpaq;fs;
(m). irtk;
rptj;NjhL rk;ge;jg;gl;lJ irtk; MFk;. vy;yh kjq;fSk;
xU Fwpg;gpl;l fhyj;jpy;> xU Fwpg;gpl;ltuhy; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ.
Mdhy; irtk; ve; j f; fhyj; j py; Njhd; w paJ. ahuhy;
Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ vd;W tiuaWf;f Kbahj ngUikia cilaJ.
irtkhdJ gjp(,iwtd;)> gR(capH)> ghrk;(vy;yh Jd;gj;jpw;Fk;
fhuzkhf ,Uf;Fk; Mztkyk;) vd;w Kg;nghUs; cz;ikia
czHj;JtjhFk;. mJ Kj;jpia> rhpia> fphpia> Nahfk;> Qhdk;
Mfpa khHf;fq;fis Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ. jpUePUk;> cUj;jpuhl;rKk;
irtr;rpd;dq;fshFk;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. jpUKiw vd;why; vd;d?
jpU+Kiw=jpUKiw MFk;. jpU vd;gJ ,iwtidf; Fwpf;Fk;.
Kiw vd;gJ KiwapLjiy Fwpf;Fk;. mjhtJ ,iwtdplk;
KiwapLtJ jpUKiw MFk;.
2. Njthuk; ghba %tH? jpUQhdrk;ge;jH> jpUehTf;furH> Re;juH
3. ehTf;furUf;F mg;gH vd;w ngaH #l;baJ? jpUQhdrk;ge;jH
4. NjhLila nrtpad; vd;W ghbatH? jpUQhdrk;ge;jH
5. khrpy; tPizAk; khiy kjpaKk; vd;W ghbatH?jpUehTf;furH
6. cothug;gil nra;jtH ahH? jpUehTf;furH
7. Mjprq;fuH jpUQhd rk;ge;jiu vt;thW miog;gH? jpuhtpl rpR
8. jpUQhdrk;ge;jhpd; NtW ngaHfs;? MSilagps;is> fhopts;sy;
9. jpUQhdrk;ge;jhpd; ngw;NwhHfs;? rptghj ,UjaH> gftjpahH
10. jpUehTf;furhpd; ngw;NwhHfs;? GfodhH> khjpdpahH
11. jpUehTf;furhpd; jkf;ifahH? jpyftjp
12. jpUehTf;furhpd; ,aw;ngaH vd;d? kUzPf;fpahH
13. rptngUkhd; ahUf;F #iyNehia Vw;gLj;jpdhH? ehTf;furH
14. jpUehTf;furH rkz kjj;jpy; vt;thW miof;fg;gl;lhH? jUkNrdH
15. jpUehTf;furUf;F fapyha fhl;rp fpilj;j ,lk;? jpUitahW
16. jpUehTf;furH gpwe;j ehL> CH Fwpg;gpL.
jpUKidg;ghb ehL> jpUth%H
112
17. Re;juhpd; kidtpaHfs;? guitahH> rq;fpypahH
18. Re;jhpd; NtW ngaHfs;? td;njhz;lH> ehtY}H> jk;gpuhd; NjhoH
19. rptngUkhd; ahUila jpUkzj;ij jLj;jhz;lhH? Re;juH
20. gpj;jh gpiw#b> nghd;dhH NkdpaNd vd;W ghbaJ? Re;juH
21. njd;dtd; gpukuhad; vd;w tpUJ ngw;wtH? khzpf;fthrfH
22. khzpf;fthrfH vk;kd;ddplk; mikr;ruhf ,Ue;jhH?
mhpkHj;jd ghz;bad;
23. ~jpUthrfj;Jf;F cUfhjhH xUthrfj;jpw;Fk; cUfhH| ahH $wpaJ?
khzpf;fthrfH
24. jpUthrfj;ij Mq;fpyj;jpy; nkhopngaHj;jtH? [p.A. Nghg;
25. khzpf;fthrfH vOjpa E}y;fs;? jpUf;NfhitahH> jpUr;rjfk;
26. jpUke;jpuk; ,aw;wpatH ahH? jpU%yH
27. xd;Nw Fyk; xUtNd Njtd; vd;W ghbatH? jpU%yH
28. $Ltpl;L $LghAk; fiyia cUthf;fpatH? jpU%yH
29. jpU%yH ahUila clk;gpy; GFe;J Mfkg;nghUis $wpdhH?
%yd; vDk; ,ilad;
30. GdpjtjpahH vd;W miof;fg;gLgtH? fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahH
31. ~mwpthDk; jhNd mwptpg;ghd; jhNd...| vd;W ghbatH?
fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahH
32. mw;Gjj;jpUte;jhjp> jpUtpul;ilkzpkhiy E}ypd; MrphpaH?
fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahH
35. nghpaGuhzk; muq;Nfw;wg;gl;l ,lk;? jpy;iy(rpjk;guk;)
36. nghpaGuhzj;jpw;F kw;nwhU ngaH? jpUj;njhz;lH Guhzk;
37. ehad;khHfs; 63 NgH ,lk;ngWk; E}y;? nghpaGuhzk;
38. njhz;lHrPH guTthH vd;W Gfog;gLgtH? Nrf;fpohH
40. Nrf;fpohhpd; kw;nwhU ngaH? mUz;nkhopj;NjtH
41. irt kjj;jpd; Ie;njOj;J ke;jpuj;ij $W.
ekrptha my;yJ rpthaek
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;
1. gd;dpU jpUKiwfspd; gFg;gpid vLj;Jiuf;f.
irt rka E}y;fspy; gd;dpU jpUKiwfs; Njhj;jpuq;fs;
vdTk;> 14 nka;fz;l E}y;fs; rhj;jpuq;fs; vdTk; ngaH ngWk;.
Njhj;jpuq;fs; md;ig mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lit MFk;. rhj;jpuq;fs;
mwpit mbg; g ilahff; nfhz; l it MFk; . Kjy; %d; W
113
jpUKiwia ghbatH jpUQhdrk;ge;jH MtH. 4>5>6k; jpUKiwia
ghbatH jpUehTf;furH MtH. 7k; jpUKiwia ghbatH Re;juH
MtH. ,k;%tUk; ghba jpUKiwf;F %tH Njthuk; vd;wiog;gH.
8k; jpUKiwia ghbatH khzpf;fthrfH MtH. ,tH ,aw;wpaJ
jpUthrfkhFk; . 9k; jpUKiw xd; g jpd; k H ghbajhFk; . 10k;
jpUKiwia ghbatH jpU%yH. ,tH ,aw;wpaJ jpUke;jpukhFk;.
11k; jpUKiw jpUMythAilahH Kjyhf gd;dpUtH ghbajhFk;.
12k; jpUKiw ghbatH Nrf;fpohH. ,tH ,aw;wpaJ nghpaGuhzkhFk;.
nghpaGuhzj;jpd; kWngaH jpUj;njhz;lH Guhzk; MFk;.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. ehad;khHfspd; ,yf;fpag; gzpf; Fwpj;J tphpthdnjhU fl;Liu
vOJf?
jpUQhdrk;ge;jH> jpUehTf;furH> Re;juH> khzpf;fthrfH
Mfpa ehy;tUk; cs;spl;l gyUk; cyf kf;fs; midtUk;
gad;ngWk; tifapy; ghly;fis vOjpdH. mtHfs; ,iwtDf;F
Mw;wpaj; njhz;L irtrkaj;jpd; fUT+yq;fshfg; Nghw;wg;ngw;W
tUgit MFk;.
jpUQhdrk;ge;jH :
Kjy; %d;W jpUKiwia ghbatH. ,tH gpwe;j CH rPHfhop
MFk;. ,tUila ngw;NwhH rptghj ,UjaH> gftjp mk;ikahH
MtH. %d;W tajpy; ckhNjtpahH Qhdg;ghy; Cl;lg; ngw;wjhy;
Qhdrk; g e; j uhdhH. ,iwtd; ckhNjtpahUld; fhl; r p ju
mf;fhl;rpapidf; fz;L tpae;J NjhLila nrtpapd;tpil NawpNahH
kjp#bf; fhLila vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghliy ghbatH. Foe;ijahf
,Ue;jNghNj je;ijapd; Njhspy; mkHe;J rptj;jyq;fs; gytw;wpw;Fk;
nrd;W jpUg;gjpfq;fs; ghbdhH. ,tUila ghlypy; fy;ytlk;>
fj;jphpif> nfhf;fiu> Jj;jphp vd;w ,irf;fUtpfis gw;wp
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shH. rk;ge;jiu ehSk; ,d;dpirahy; jkpo; gug;Gk;
Qhdrk;ge;jd; vd Re;juH Gfo;fpwhH. Mjprq;fuH jpuhtpl rpR vd;W
miof;fpwhH. rk;ge;jH tho;e;j fhyk; 16 Mz;Lfs; MFk;.
mw;Gjq;fs; :
1. kotd; kfSf;F Vw;gl;l fLikahd Kayfd; vd;Dk;
Nehiag; Nghf;fpdhH. 2. kJiuapy; $d;ghz;badpd; ntg;G Nehia
ePf;fpdhH. 3. kapiyapy;> ,we;j vYk;G kl;Lk; vQ;rpa G+k;ghit
vd;Dk; ngz;iz capHngwr; nra;jhH. 4. jpUkiwf;fhl;Lf; Nfhapypd;
jpUf;fjit jk;ghl;lhy; %Lk;gb nra;jhH. 5. jpUNthj;J}hpy; Mz;
gidapidg; ngz; gidahf;fpdhH.
114
jpUehTf;furH :
4>5>6Mk; jpUKiwia ghbatH. jpUKidg;ghb ehl;bYs;s
jpUth%hpy; gpwe;jhH. ,tUila ngw;NwhH GfodhH> khjpdpahH
MtH. ,aw;ngaH kUs;ePf;fpahH. jkf;ifapd; ngaH jpyftjpahH.
,sikapy; ehTf;furH rkz rkaj;jpy; ,Ue;jNghJ jUkNrdH
vd miof;fg;gl;lhH. jpytfjpahhpd; Ntz;Ljiy Vw;Wf; nfhz;l
rptg;ngUkhd; ehTf;furUf;F #iyNehia Vw;gLj;jpdhH. ehTf;furH
,e;Nehiag; Nghf;f itj;jpak; gy ghHj;Jk; vt;tpj gaDk;
fpilf;fptpy;iy. gpd;G rptid Nehf;fp $w;wdthapW vd;w ghliy
ghbdhH. #iyNeha; ePq;fpaJ. gpd;G rkzj;jpypUe;J irtj;jpw;F
khwpdhH. ,jid Nfs;tpAw;w rkz KdptHfs; Kjyhk; kNfe;jputHk
gy;ytkd;ddplk; $wpdH. kd;dd; ehTf;furUf;F gy ,d;dy;fis
nfhLf;fpd;whd;.
,Wjpapy; Rz;zhk;G miwapy; ehTf;furiu ,l;lNghJ
khrpy; tPizAk; khiy kjpaKk; tPR njd;wYk; tPq;fps NtdpYk;
vdj; njhlq;Fk; gjpfk; ghb ,j;jz;lidapypUe;J tpLtpf;fg;gl;lhH.
jd; jtiw czHe;J Kjyhk; kNfe;jputHkd; irtj;jpw;F khwpdhd;.
ehTf; f urH tho; e ; j fhyk; 81 Mz; L fshFk; . Nfhapy; f spy;
cothug;gil(njhz;L) nra;jtH. vd;fld; gzpnra;J fplg;gNj>
ehkhHf;Fk; Fb my;Nyhk; ekid mQ;Nrhk; vdg; ghbatH.
Qhdrk;ge;juhy; mg;gH vd Nghw;wg;gl;lhH. jhz;lfk; ghLk; jpwikahy;
jhz;lfNte;jH vdTk; miof;fg;gl;lhH.
mw;Gjq;fs; :
1. jpq;fShpy; ghk;G jPz;b ,we;jtiu capHg;gpj;jhH. 2.
jpUKiwf; f hl; L f; Nfhapy; fjit jpwf; f r; nra; j hH. 3.
jpUgioahiwapy; rkzHfs; kiwj;J itj;jpUe;j rptypq;fj;ij
ntspf;nfhzHe;jhH. 4. fapiyf; fhl;rpiaj; jpUitahw;wpy; fz;lhH.
Re;juH :
7Mk; jpUKiwia ghbatH. jpUKidg;ghb ehl;bYs;s
jpUehtY}hpy; gpwe; j tH. ,tUila ngw; N whH riladhH>
,irQhdpahH MtH. Re;juUf;F ngw;NwhH ,l;l ngaH ek;gpah&uH.
,tUf;F td;njhz;lH> jk;gpuhd; NjhoH vd;W NtWngaUk; cz;L.
jpUKidg;ghb ehl;L kd;dd; eurpq;f KidaiuaH Foe;ijapy;yhJ
tUe;jpdhH. tPjpAyh nry;Yk; Ntisapy; mq;F tpisahbf; nfhz;L
,Ue;j Re;juhpd; mofpy; kaq;fpdhH. mg;ghyfidiaNa tsHg;G
kfdhf Vw;W tsHj;jhH. Re;juUf;F jpUkzk; elf;Fk; Ntisapy;
rptngUkhd; mj;jpUkzj;ij jLj;jhH. mq;fpUe;jtHfs;> Kjpa
NtjpaH tbtpy; te;j rptngUkhid jhq;fs; ahH vd;W Nfl;f
vd;Dila CH jpUntz;nza; ey;Y}H mq;F thUq;fs; vd;W
vy;NyhiuAk; mioj;Jr; nrd;whH.
115
jpUntz;nza; ey;Y}H rigapy; $bapUe;Njhiu Nehf;fp
fpotH jd; tof;iff; $wp %y Xiyiaf; fhl;bdhH. mtw;wpy;
~~jpUehtY}iur; NrHe;j MjpirtDk; M&ud; vd;gtDkhd ehd;
jpUntz; n za; ey; Y }H gpj; j Df; F ehDk; vd; re; j jpahUk;
toptopahf mbik nra;a xg;Gf;nfhz;L mfKk; GwKk; xj;J
vOjpf; nfhLj;Njd;. ,J vd; ifnaOj;J||. ,jid rigapdUk;
xg;Gf; nfhz;ldH. cz;ikapid mwpe;Jf; nfhz;l Re;juH
,iwtidf; Fwpj;J> gpj;jh gpiw#b ngUkhNd mUshsh vd;w
ghliy ghbdhH.
jpUth&hpy; fzpifaH kugpy; gpwe;j guitahiuAk;>
jpUnthw;wpA+hpy; Ntshz; kugpy; gpwe;j rq;fpypahiuAk; Re;juH
kze;jhH. Re;juH ghba Njthug; gjpfq;fs; 100 MFk;. ,tw;wpy;
1026 ghly;fs; cs;sd. ,tH tho;e;j fhyk; 18 Mz;LfshFk;.
mw;Gjq;fs; :
1. kzpKj; j hw; w py; 12>000 nghd; N ghl; L jpUth&Hj;
jpUf;Fsj;jpy; vLj;jhH. 2. jpUg;Gf;nfhspA+hpy; KjiyAz;l ghyfid
capHg;gpj;jhH. 3. jpUg;GfY}hpy; nrq;fy;iyj; jq;fkhf khw;wpdhH.
4. capNuhL nts;is ahidapd; kPJ mkHe;J fapiy nrd;whH.
khzpf;fthrfH :
8Mk; jpUKiwia ghbatH. ,tuJ gpwe;j CH jpUthjT+H.
,tuJ ngw;NwhH rk;GghjhrpUjH> rptQhdtjpahH MtH. ,aw;ngaH
jpUthjT+uhH. mhpkHj;j ghz;badplk; mikr;ruhfg; gzpGhpe;jhH.
njd;dtd; gpuk;kuhad; vd;w gl;lj;jpw;F chpatH. ,tH ghba
E}y;fs; jpUthrfk;> jpUf;NfhitahH MFk;.
kd;ddpd; Mizg;gb Fjpiufis thq;fptu nrd;whH.
NghFk;topapy; jpUg;ngUe;Jiwf;Fr; nrd;w khzpf;fthrfH> mq;Nf
FUe;j kuj;jpd; fPo;f; FUgudhf vOe;jUspapUe;j rptgpuhdpd;
jpUf;Nfhyj;ijf; fz;L kfpo;e;jhH. Fjpiu thq;ff; nfhz;L nrd;w
nghUisnay;yhk; rptgpuhDf;F Myak; mikf;fr; nrytpl;L te;jhH.
,ijf; Nfs;tpAw;w kd;dd; khzpf;fthrfiu rpiwapy; milj;jhd;.
,iwtdpd; fUizahy; fhl;by; ,Ue;j ehpfs; vy;yhk; ghp(Fjpiu)
fshf khwp ehl;bw;F nrd;wd. khzpf;fthrfUf;F tpLjiyf;
fpilf;fpwJ. md;wpuNt ghpfs; ahTk; ehpfshf khwp fhl;Lf;F
Xbtpl;ld. VNjh je;jpuk; nra;jjhf vz;zpa kd;dd;> kpFe;j
rpdkile;J jpUthjT+uiu itifahw;wpd; RLkzypy; mtH KJfpy;
fy; i y Vw; w p epw; f g; gzpj; j hd; . rptngUkhd; itiaapy;
nts;sg;ngUf;if Vw;gLj;jpg; ghz;baDf;F cz;ikia czHj;j>
116
,iwtd; jpUtUshy; jd;gpio czHe;j ghz;bad; ,tiur;
rpiwapdpd;Wk; tpLtpj;J kPzL ; k; mikr;ruhf;fpdhd;. rptj;ij ehba
khzpf;fthrfH gjtpia ntWj;Jj; jyk; gy nrd;W gukDf;Fg;
ghkhiy #b kfpo;e;jhH. ,ijf;fz;l ,iwtd; khzpf;fthrfH
vd;w ngaiu #l;bdhH.
jpUke;jpuk; :
jpU%yUila jpUke;jpuk; 10k; jpUKiwahFk;. ,e;E}y;
jpUke; j pukhiy> jkpo; %thapuk; vd; w NtWg; ngaHfspy;
miof;fg;gLfpwJ. fapyha kiyapy; ee;jpNjthpd; cgNjrj;ijg;
ngw;w NahfpahH xUtH> ml;lkh rpj;jp ngw;wtH. mtH mfj;jpahplk;
nfhz;l el;ghy; nghjpakiy Nehf;fp te;jhH. jpUthLJiwia
mile;jhH. mq;F ,iwtid tzq;fpdhH. mj;jpUj;jyj;jpy; ,Ue;J
tpyfp NghFk;NghJ fhtphpahw;wpd; fiuapy; gRf;$l;lk; mOtijg;
ghHj;jhH. mg;gRf;fs; Nka;f;Fk; %yd; vd;w ,ilad; ,we;J
fple;jhd;. NahfpahH mg;gRf;fspd; Jd;gj;ijg; Nghf;f vz;zpdhH.
jhk; gapd;w rpj;jpapdhy; mk;%yd; vd;gtdpd; clypy; jk; capiug;
GFj;jpdhH. gRf;fs; kfpo;e;jd. jpU%yH khiyapy;
mg;gRf;$l;lq;fisf; nfhz;L mtw;wpd; ,Ug;gplq;fspy; nry;yr;
nra;jhH. mit tof;fk; fhuzkhfj; jk; tPLfSf;Fr; nrd;wd.
jpU%yH Xhplj;jpy; epd;whH. %yd; vd;w ,iladpd; kidtp jd;
fztd; ,d;Dk; tutpy;iyNa vd;W Njbf; nfhz;L nrd;whs;.
jd; fztd; Nghy epd;w Nahfpaiug; ghHj;jhs;. mtHf;F VNjh
NeHe;Jtpl;lJ vd;W vz;zp mtiuj; jk; ,y;yj;Jf;F mioj;Jr;
nry;y Kad;whs;. Kbatpy;iy. kWehs; mts; jd; fztdpd;
epiyia gyhplk; ciuj;jhs;. vy;NyhUk; mt;tplk; nrd;W
ghHj;jNghJ jpU%yH Nahfj;jpy; ,Uf;ff; fz;L mtiu khw;w
,ayhJ vd;W %ydpd; kidtpaplk; ciuj;jdH. cz;ikia
kf;fs; czHe;jdH.
gpd;G jpUthtLJiwia mile;J ,iwtiu tzq;fp
murkuj;jpd; fPo; Nahfj;jpypUe;J 3000 Mz;Lfspy; 3000 nra;Ais
,aw;wpdhH. xd;Nw Fyk; xUtNd Njtd;> md;Ng rptk; vd;w
cahpa fUj;ij cyFf;F vLj;Jf; $wpdhH.
fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahH :
fhiuf;fhypy; gpwe;jikahy; fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahH vd;W
miof;fg;gl;lhH. ,aw;ngaH GdpjtjpahH. ,tuJ fztH gukjj;jd;
MtH. fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahhpd; nja;tPfr; rf;jpiaf; fz;L ,dp
mtNuhL thoKbahJ vd tzq;fp tpilngw;whH. fztd; ePqf ; pajhy;
117
jd; moif ntWj;Jg; Nga;Nghy; jphpe;J Rliyapy; Ngadhk;
rptdplk; md;G nfhz;L mtidg;ghb tljpUthyq;fhl;by; rptd;
eldk; fz;L Kj;jp ngw;whH. fapiyf;Fr; nrd;W jd; fhyb
mg;Gz;zpa kz;zpy; glf;$lhJ vdj; jiyahy; ele;jtH.
rptngUkhdhy; mk;ikNa vd miof;fg;gl;lhH. gpwthik Ntz;Lk;
vd;w tuk; Ntz;batH. ,tH ghba gf;jpg;ghly;fs; jpUthyq;fhl;L
%j;j jpUg;gjpfq;fs; 2> jpUtpul;il kzpkhiy> mw;Gjj; jpUte;jhjp
MFk;. ,tH ghly;fspy; rptdpd; Mly; rpwg;Gk;> rptd; MLk;
Rliyapd; rpwg;Gk; ,lk;ngWk;. rptd; Ntz;bahHf;F Ntz;ba
tbtpy; tUgtd; vd;gij>
vf;Nfhyj;J vt;TUtha; vj;jtq;fs; nra;thHf;Fk;
mf;Nfhyj;J mt;TUNtahk;
vd mw;Gjj; jpUte;jhjpapy; rptd; ngUikia tpsf;FthH.
nghpaGuhzk; :
Nrf;fpohH vOjpa jpUj;njhz;lH Guhzk; vDk; nghpaGuhzk;
12k; jpUKiwahFk;. Nrf;fpohH vd;gJ Fbg;ngaH. ,tH> njhz;il
ehl;ilr; rhHe;j GypA+Hf; Nfhl;lj;Jf; Fd;wj;J}hpy; gpwe;jtH. fhyk;
12k; E}w;whz;L MFk;. Nrf;fpohhpd; Gyikia tpae;j Nrhoehl;il
Mz;l kd;dd; ,uz;lhk; FNyhj;Jq;fd; mtiuj; jd; Kjyikr;rH
Mf;fp kfpo;e;jhd;. cj;jk Nrhog; gy;ytuhad; vd;Dk; gl;lk;
mspj;jhd;. Nrf;fpohH Kjyikr;ruhf ,Ue;jNghJ fy;ntl;Lr;
nra; j pfis gf; j pg; ghly; f isj; jpul; b dhH. Njitahd
Fwpg;Gf;fSld; jkJ fhg;gpaj;ijj; njhlq;f jpy;iy nrd;whH.
mq;Nf ,iwtd;> cynfyhk; vd;W mbnaLj;Jf; nfhLj;jhH.
Nrf;fpohH E}iy njhlq;Fk;NghJk; Kbf;Fk;NghJk; cynfyhk;
vd;w nrhy;yhl;rpiaf; ifahz;lhH. Nrf;fpohH jkJ E}Yf;F
,l;lngaH jpUj;njhz;lHGuhzk; MFk;. gpw;fhyj;jpy; nghpaGuhzk;
vd ngaH ngw;wJ. 2 fhz;lq;fs;> 13 rUf;fq;fs; vd 4281
ghly;fisf; nfhz;lJ. 63 ehad;khHfs; tuyhw;iwAk; $Wfpd;wJ.
(M). itztk;
itztj;jpd; KOKjw; nja;tkhfpa jpUkhiy Mo;thHfs;
Foe;ijahfTk;> jiytdhfTk;> vy;iy ,y;yhg; Nguhw;wyhfTk;
Nghw;wpg; ghLfpd;whHfs;. Mo;thHfs; gy;NtW fhyq;fspy; Njhd;wpa
gy;NtW ,dj;jtHfshf ,Ue;jhYk; mtHfspd; xl;Lnkhj;j
Fwpf;Nfhs; jpUkhiyg; Nghw;WtJk;> mtd; jpUtb epoiy miltJk;
MFk;. Mo;thHfs; mUspar; nray;fshd guj;Jtk;> tpA+fk;> tpgtk;>
118
me;jHahkpj;Jtk;> mHr;rhtjhuk; vy;yhNk ed;F nfhz;lhlg;gLfpd;wd.
Ntjq;fs;> ,jpfhrq;fs;> Guhzq;fs; khj;jpukd;wp jkpo; kiwfSf;F
kpf kpf Vw;wk; je;J> jkpo; kiwfspd; ghpkhzq;fisf; nfhz;l
rkaj;ij epiy epWj;jpdhHfs;. Mo;thHfs; ghb itj;j ghly;fisr;
NrhoHfhyj;jpy; ehyhapuj; jpt;ag;gpuge;jk; vd;Dk; njhifE}yhf
ehjKdpfs; njhFj;jhH.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. Mo;thHfs; nkhj;jk; vj;jid NgH? 12
2. Kjyho;thHfs; ahH? ngha;ifaho;thH> G+jj;jho;thH> Nga;aho;thH
3. ngha;ifahH gpwe;j CH? fhQ;rpg;Guk;
4. G+jj;jho;thH gpwe;j CH? khky;yGuk;
5. Ngaho;thH gpwe;j CH? kapyhg;G+H
6. Kjy;> ,uz;L> %d;W jpUte;jhjp ghbatH?
ngha;ifahH> G+jj;jho;thH> Ngaho;thH
7. ~itae; jfspah thHflNy nea;ahf| vd;W ghbatH? ngha;ifahH
8. md;Ng jfspah MHtNk nea;ahf vd;W ghbatH? G+jj;jho;thH
9. jpUf;fz;Nld; nghd;Nkdp fz;Nld; vd;W ghbatH? Ngaho;thH
10. Mo;thHfs; ahH ahH ve;j mk;rkhfg; gpwe;jdH?
ghQ;r re;epak;-ngha;ifahH> fjhAjk;-G+jj;jho;thH> ths;-
Ngaho;thH> ngsj;Jtkzp-FyNrfuho;thH> jpUtj;rk;-jpUg;ghzho;thH>
tdkhiy- njhz;lubg;nghbaho;thH> tpy;-jpUkq;ifaho;thH
11. jpUkopir Mo;thH ,aw;wpa E}y;fs;?
ehd;Kfd; jpUte;jhjp> jpUr;re;j tpUj;jk;
12. jpUkopir Mo;thhpd; rPlH ahH? fzpfz;zd;
13. jpUtha;nkhopia ,aw;wpatH? ek;kho;thH
14. ek;kho;thiu vt;thW miog;gH? rlNfhgH
15. ek;kho;thiug;gw;wp fz;zpA+z; rpWj;jhk;G vd;W ghb ngaH ngw;wtH?
kJuftpaho;thH
16. nghpaho;thH gpwe;j CH> ,aw;ngaH?
= tpy;ypg;Gj;J}H> tp\;Z rpj;jH
17. nghpaho;thuhy; tsHf;fg;gl;l Foe;ij? Mz;lhs;
18. nghpaho;thH ,aw;wpaUspa ghRuk;? jpUg;gy;yhz;L> nghpajpUnkhop
19. ~fUg;G+uk; ehWNkh fkyg;G+ ehWNkh| vd;W ghbatH? Mz;lhs;
20. #bf;nfhLj;j ehr;rpahH vd;W miof;fg;gLgtH? Mz;lhs;
21. jpUg;ghitia ghbatH? Mz;lhs;
22. njhz;lubg;nghb Mo;thhpd; ,aw;ngaH? tpg;uehuhadhH
119
23. mkydhjpg;gpuhd; vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghRuq;fis ghbatH?
jpUg;ghzho;thH
24. jpUg;ghzho;thH gpwe;j CH? ciwA+H
25. ~thbNdd; thb tUe;jpNdd; kdj;jhy;...| vd;W ghbatH?
jpUkq;ifaho;thH
26. ehyhapu jpt;tpag; gpuge;jj;ij njhFj;jtH ahH?
ehjKdpfs;
27. ehyhapuj; jpt;tpag; gpuge;jk; KOikf;Fk; ciu vOjpatH?
nghpathr;rhd; gps;is
28. jpUkhy; mtjhuq;fisf; $W.
1. kr;rk; (kPd;)> 2. $Hkk; (Mik) 3. tuhfk; (gd;wp) 4. eurpk;kk;
(rpq;fk;) 5. thkd;(Fs;skdpjd;) 6. guRuhkH 7. ,uhkd; 8. gyuhkd;
9. fpU\;zd; 10. fy;fp
gj;J kjpg;ngz;
1. Mo;thHfs; jkpOf;Fr; nra;j njhz;bid tpthpf;f.
jkpofj;jpd; njhd;ikr; rkakhf tpsq;FtJ itztk;.
njhy;fhg;gpaH Ky;iyepyf; flTshfj; jpUkhiyf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH.
Mo;thH vd;Dk; nrhy; ,iwgf;jpapy; Mo;ej ; tHfs; vd;W nghUs;gLk;.
,tHfs; ghba ghly;fspd; njhFg;Ng ehyhapuj; jpt;tpag; gpuge;jk;
MFk;.
gd;dpU Mo;thHfs; :
1.ngha;ifaho;thH 2.G+jj;jho;thH 3.Ngaho;thH
4.jpUkopiraho;thH 5.ek;kho;thH 6.kJuftpaho;thH 7.FyNrfuaho;thH
8.nghpaho;thH 9.Mz;lhs; 10.njhz;lubg;nghbaho;thH
11.jpUg;ghzho;thH 12.jpUkq;ifaho;thH.
Kjyho;thHfs; :
Mo;thHfs; gd;dpUtUs; ngha;ifaho;thH> G+jj;jho;thH>
Ngaho;thH Mfpa %tUk; fhyj;jhy; Kw;gl;likahy; Kjyho;thHfs;
vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wdH. ,k;%tUk; rkfhyj;jpy; tho;ej ; tH MtH.
jpUf;NfhtY}hpy; XH ,y;yj;jpd; ,ilf;fopapy; kiof;fhf xJq;fpa
ngha; i fahUld; > G+jj; j ho; t hUk; > Ngaho; t hUk; cld;
xJq;fpanghOJ> xUtH gLf;fyhk;> ,UtH ,Uf;fyhk;> %tH epw;fyhk;
vd;W $wpathW %tUk; xJq;fp epd;w nghOJ ,Uspy; ehd;fhtjhf
xUtH mtHfspilNa neUf;fp epw;f> gpwF mtH jpUkhNy vd;gij
czHe;J xt;nthUtUk; ,iwtidf; Fwpj;J ghly;fs; ,aw;wpdH.
ngha;ifaho;thH :
fhQ; r pGuj; j py; ngha; i f xd; w py; jhkiu kyhpy;
mtjhpj;jjhff; $WtH. ngha;ifapy; mtjhpj;jjhy; ngha;ifahH
vdg;gl;lhH. ngha;ifapy; Ig;grp jpq;fs; jpUNthz ehspy; jpUkhypd;
120
ghQ;r re;epak; vDk; rq;fpd; mk;rkhfg; gpwe;jtH. ,sikapNyNa
Nguwpitg; ngw;w ngha;ifahH ,k;ik> kWik vd;w ,Utho;tpw;Fk;
jpUkhNy Jiz vdg; nghpJk; ek;gpdhH. ,iwj;njhz;L kPJ
gw;Witj;J kw;iwa gw;Wf;fis mWj;jhH. ,tH jpUtuq;fk;>
jpUtpz;zfuk;> jpUNtq;flk;> jpUnt/fh> jpUf;NfhtY}H Mfpa
,lq;fspy; ciwAk; jpUkhypd; ngUikiag; ghbAs;sH. ,tH
ghba 100 ghRuq;fs; Kjy; jpUte;jhjp MFk;. ngha;ifahH
,iwtid Fwpj;J>
itak; jfspah thHflNy nea;ahf
nta;a fjpNuhd; tpsf;fhfr; - nra;a
Rluhop ahdbf;Nf #l;bNdd; nrhy;khiy
,luhop ePq;FfNt vd;W
vd;W ghbdhH.
G+jj;jho;thH :
khky;yGuj;jpy; gpwe;jtH. jpUkhiy G+jk; vdg; gy ,lq;fspy;
ghbAs;sikahy; G+jj;jho;thH vd;w ngaH ngw;whH. Ig;grp jpq;fs;
mtpl; l ehspy; jpUkhypd; fjhAjj; j pd; mk; r khf gpwe; j hH.
jpUNtq;flk;> jpUtuq;fk;> jpUg;ghlfk;> jUtj;jpA+H> jpUf;Fl%f;F
mfpad ,tH ghba jyq;fshFk;. ,tH ghba 100 ghRuq;fs; 2Mk;
jpUte;jhjp MFk;. G+jj;jho;thH ,iwtid Fwpj;J>
md;Ng jfspah MHtNk nea;ahf
,d;GUF rpe;ij ,Ljphpah - ed;GUfp
Qhdr;RlH tpsf;Nfw;wpNdd; ehuzw;F
Qhdj; jkpo;Ghpe;j ehd;
vd;W ghbdhH.
Ngaho;thH :
nrd;idapYs;s kapyhg;G+hpy; Ig;grp jpq;fs; rja ehspy;
gpwe;jhH. jpUkhypd; Ik;gilf;fSs; xd;whd eue;jfk; vd;Dk;
thspd; mk;rkhf gpwe;jhH. gf;jpg; gutrj;jhy; neQ;rk; NrhHe;J>
fz; Rod;W> mOJ rphpj;J> Mbg;ghb Nga; gpbj;jhw;Nghy; ,iwtidj;
njhOJ kfpo;e;jjhy; NgahH vd miof;fg;gl;lhH. ,tH ghba 100
ghRuq;fs; 3Mk; jpUte;jhjp MFk;. Ngaho;thH ,iwtid Fwpj;J>
jpUf;fz;Nld; nghd;Nkdp fz;Nld; jpfOk;
mUf;fd; mzpepwKk; fz;Nld; - nrUf;fpsUk;
nghd;dhop fz;Nld; Ghprq;fk; iff; fz;Nld;
vd;dhop tz;zd;ghy; ,d;W
vd;W ghbdhH.
121
jpUkopiraho;thH :
njhz;il ehl;bYs;s jpUkopir vDk; Chpy; gpwe;jhH.
ijj;jpq;fs; kf el;rj;jpuj;jpy; gpwe;jhH. ,tH ghba 120 ghRuq;fs;
mlq;fpa jpUr;re;jtpUj;jk;> 96 ghRuq;fs; mlq;fpa ehd;Kfd;
jpUte;jhjp vd;w ,uz;Lk; MFk;. rijg;gpz;lkhf mtjhpj;j ,tH
,iwtd; mUshy; ey;y cUtj;ijg; ngw;W> fy;tp Nfs;tpfspy;
rpwe;J ngsj;jk;> rkzk; Nghd;w kjq;fisj; jOtp ,Wjpahf
Ngaho;thuhy; kdk; khwp itztj;ijr; rhHe;jhH vd;nwhU fijAk;
cz;L.
gy itztj; jpUj;jyq;fSf;Fr; nrd;W ,iwtidj;
jj;Jtg; nghUshfNt tzq;fpdhH. 24 nka;g;nghUisAk; ,af;Fk;
,iwtd; jpUkhy; MtH. jpUkopir Mo;thhpd; rPlH fzpfz;zd;
MtH. ,tH xUKiw gzpGhpe;j %jhl;bia ,sk;gUtj;ij
cilatshf cUthf;f> mJ fz;l kd;dd; jdf;Fk; ,sik
ey;FkhW Ntz;bdH. fzpfz;zd; kWf;fNt rPww ; k; nfhz;l kd;dd;
mtiu ehL flj; j pdhd; . fzpfz; z d; jd; Mrhdhfpa
jpUkopiraho; t hhplk; ,r; n ra; j piaf; $w jpUkopiraho; t hH
khztDld; jhDk; tUtjhff; $wp NfhapYf;F nrd;W ,iwtdplk;>
fzpfz;zd; Nghfpd;whd; fhkUG+q; fr;rp
kzptz;zh eP fplf;f Ntz;lhk; - JzpTila
nre;ehg; Gytd;ahd; nry;fpd;Nwd; ePAKd;wd;
ige;ehfg; gha;RUl;bf; nfhs;
vdg; ghLfpd; w hH. jd; rP l Uf; f hf jpUkhYk; ,tHfSld;
Gwg;gl;ljhfTk;> mjdhy; CHnghyptpoe;J fhzg;gl;ld. cz;ik
mwpe;j kd;dd; Gythplk; kd;dpg;G Nfl;L kPz;Lk; ehl;bw;F tUk;gb
Ntz;l GytUk; ehL jpUk;gpdhH. ,iwtDk; jpUk;g ehl;bw;F
te;J jq;fpajhy; ehL kPz;Lk; nghypTw;wJ.
ek;kho;thH :
ghz;ba ehl;bd; jpUf;FU$hpy; gpwe;jtH. ,tuJ ngw;NwhH
khwd;fhhp> cilaeq;if MtH. ngw;NwhH ,tiug; ngUkhs;
re;epjpapy; tpl;lnghOJ> ,tH jtoe;J nrd;W Gspa kuj;jbapy;
gj; J khrdkpl; L mkHe; j hH. 16 Mz; L fs; Gspa kuj; j bapy;
,Ue;jjhff; FU guk;giuf; fij $Wfpd;wd. ,g;Gspa kuk;
MjpNrld; mtjhuk; vd;W $wg;gLfpd;wJ. ek;kho;thUf;F epoy;
je;J fhj;j Gspakuj;ij itztHfs; jpUg;Gsp Mo;thH vd;W
miof; f pd; w dH. ,tH ghbaJ jpUtpUj; j k; > jpUthrphpak; >
jpUtha;nkhop> nghpajpUte;jhjp vd;git MFk;.
122
ek;kho;thH jpUkhypd; ngUikfisg; gy;NtW epiyfspy;
ghLfpd;whH. rptd;> gpukd;> ,e;jpud;> NjtHfs; vd midtUk;
fhzj; jtpf;Fk; ,iwtd; je;Joha; #bj; jk; new;wpapy; epd;W
Ms;tjhfg; ghLfpd;whH. tlehl;bypUe;J kJuftpaho;thH ek;kho;thhpd;
ngUikia mwpe;J njd;dhl;bw;F te;J ek;kho;thiu jhprpj;jhH.
ek;kho;thUf;F fhhpkhwd;> tFshguzd;> guhq;Frd;> FUiff;fhtyd;>
jkpo;khwd; vd;w gy ngaHfSk; toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. ek;kho;thH
,iwtidf; Fwpj;J> new;wpAs; epd;W vd;id MSk; epiu kyHg;
ghjq;fs; #b vd ghLfpd;whH.
kJuftp Mo;thH :
,tH ghba 11 ghRuq;fs; mlq;fpa fz;zp Ez; rpWjhk;G
vd;gjhFk;. ,tH jpUf;NfhtY}H vd;Dk; jyj;jpy; mtjhpj;jtH.
,sikapNyNa cyfg; gw;iw tpl;Lj; jkpopYk; tlnkhopapYk;
Gyik ngw; w hH. gy jpUj; j yq; f Sf; F r; nrd; W jpUkhypd;
mtjhuq;fis topgl;lhH. mNahj;jpapy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ xU Ngnuhsp
mtiu <Hj;jJ. ,utpy; mjd; JizNahL ele;jhH. gfypy; gLj;J
cwq;fpdhH. ,Wjpapy; mt;nthsp jpUf;FU$H te;J kiwe;jJ.
mq;F ek;kho;thH jtk; ,aw;wp tho;tij mwpe;jhH. mthpd;
cs;nshspiaAk; Nguhw;wiyAk; mwpe;J mtUf;Fr; rPluhdhH. mtH
ghLk; ghRuq;fis Vl;by; vOjpdhH.
jpUkhypd; kPJ <by;yhg; gw;Wf; nfhz;l kJuftp Mo;thH
jk; FUehjhpd; Nky; vy;iy ,y;yhg; gf;jp nfhz;bUe;jhH.
ek;kho;thiuNa fz;fz;l flTshfTk;> md;idahfTk;> FUthfTk;
kJuftp Mo;thH ek;gpdhH. jpUj;jyj;jhy; fpilf;Fk; gyd; my;yJ
jpUj;Jk; top ,y;yhik vd ve;epiyapy; ,Ue;jhYk; ek;kho;thH
nrk;ikahd gzp nra;af; $batH. mg;gzpf;F jd; md;igNa
fhzpf;if Mf;Ffpd;whH. ,jid kJuftp Mo;thH>
gadd;W MfpDk; ghq;ftH MfpDk;
nray; ed;whfj; jpUj;jpg; gzpnfhs;thd;
vdg; ghLfpd;whH.
FyNrfuaho;thH :
NruH kugpy; Njhd;wpatH. ,tuJ CH jpUtQ;irf;fsk;
MFk;. khrp khjk; GdHG+r el;rj;jpuj;jpy; gpwe;jtH. ngsj;Jtkzp
mk;rk; MFk;. ,tH ghba 105 ghRuq;fs; mlq;fpa ngUkhs;
jpUnkhop MFk;. ,aw;if tskpf;f Nruehl;by; tQ;rpf;fsk; vd;Dk;
efiu Mz;l jpltpujdDf;F kfdhfg; gpwe;jtH FyNrfuH.
,sikapNyNa vy;yhf; fiyfisAk; fw;wtUf;Fj; jpltpujd;
Kb#l;bdhH. FyNrfuH khw;W kd;dHfs; kdq;fyq;fj; jpwikahf
Ml;rp nra;jhH. ghz;ba kd;dd; jd; kfis kzKbj;Jf; nfhLj;J
el;ghf;fpf; nfhz;lhd;. FyNrfuH ,t;thW Ml;rp GhpAk;NghJ
123
jpUkhypd; ngUikfis mwpe;jhH. jpUtuq;fehjd; kPJ <LghL
nfhz;lhH. murg;gw;iw tpl;L kdk; ,iwg; gw;iw ehbaJ.
jpUtuq;fk;> jpUf;fz;zGuk;> jpy;iy Mfpa jpUj;jyq;fSf;F
kq;fshrhrdk; nra;Js;shH. jpUtuq;fj;jpd; %d;whk; kjpiy ,tH
fl;bajhff; $WtH.
nghpaho;thH :
jpUtpy;ypg;Gj;J}hpy; gpwe;jtH. Mdpj;jpq;fs; Rthjp ehs;
MFk;. ,tUila mk;rk; fUlhk;rk;. jpUg;gy;yhz;L> nghpaho;thH
jpUnkhop ,tH ghbaJ. ,tUf;F tp\;Zrpj;jd;> gl;lHgpuhd; vd;Dk;
gy ngaHfSk; cz;L. nghpaho;thH tho;ehs; KOtijAk;
jpUkhYf;Fj; njhz;L nra;tjpNyNa fhyj;ij fopj;jhH. xU nghpa
G+q;fhtdk; mikj;J mofpa kyHfisg; gwpj;J khiyahf;fp
,iwtDf;F #l;LtijNa nghpJk; tpUk;gpdhH. jdJ ee;jtdj;jpy;
Jsrpr; nrbaUNf xU ngz; Foe;ijiaf; fz;nlLj;Jf; Nfhij
vdg; ngaH #l;b md;Gld; tsHj;J te;jhH. ,f;NfhijNa gpd;G
Mz;lhs; vd miof;fg;gl;lhs;. jpUkhiyAk; mthpd; gy;NtW
mtjhuq;fisAk; vz;zpg; ghb kfpOk; nghpaho;thHf;Ff; fz;zd;
gpwg;Ng nghpJk; gpbj;jjhFk; vd;whH.
Mz;lhs; :
,tH ghbaJ 30 ghRuq;fis cila jpUg;ghitAk;> 143
ghRuq;fis cila ehr;rpahH jpUnkhop vd;gJk; MFk;. =
tpy; y pGj; J }hpy; mtjhpj; j tH. nghpaho; t hhpd; ee; j tdj; j py;
JsrpnrbfSf; F ,ilapy; fz; L nlLf; f g; g l; l nja; t f;
Foe;ijahths; Mz;lhs;. mf;Foe;ijia ,y;yj;jpw;F nfhz;L
te;jhH. mtH kidtp tpui[ kpf;f kfpo;r;rp mile;J> ,UtUk;
fz; k zpiag; Nghyf; fhj; J tsHj; j dH. ehnshU NkdpAk;
nghOnjhU tz;zKkhf tsHe;j Foe;ijf;Ff; Nfhij vdg;
ngaH #l;bdH. Nfhij jf;f gUtk; mile;jJk; fz;zdpd; Nky;
jPuhj fhjy; nfhz;lhs;.
je;ij nghpaho;thH jpUkhYf;fhff; fl;Lk; khiyfis
mtUf;Fj; njhpahky; mzpe;J ghHj;J kfpo;ej ; hs;. khHfop khjj;jpy;
Nehd;gpUe;J fz;zid topgl;lhs;. mg;NghJ ghba 30 ghRuq;fspd;
njhFg;Ng jpUg;ghit. nghpaho;thH jpUkhypd; mtjhuKk; vd;gij
mwpe;J mstpy;yh kfpo;T nfhz;lhH. jpUkhYf;fhff; fl;ba
khiyiaf; Nfhij mzpe;jjhy; #bf; nfhLj;jhs;> #bf;nfhLj;j
ehr;rpahH> Mz;lhs; vd;nwy;yhk; ngaH ngw;whs;. fz;zd; jd;
fdtpy; te;J ifj;jyk; gw;wpaijf; $wp kfpo;ths;. Mz;lhs;
fhjyhy; Gyk;Gjiy>
fw;G+uk; ehWNkh? fkyg;G+ ehWNkh?
jpUg;gtsr; nrt;tha; jhd; jpj;jpj; jpUf;FNkh?
vd;W ghLfpd;whH.
124
njhz;lubg;nghb Mo;thH :
jpUkz;lq;Fb vd;w jyj;jpy; Njhd;wpatH. khHfopj; jpq;fs;
Nfl;il ehspy; jpUkhypd; tdkhiy mk;rkhf mtjhpj;jtH.
,aw;ngaH tpg;u ehuhazd; MFk;. vy;yhtw;iwAk; ,sikapNyNa
njspthff; fw;whH. itztHfSf;F chpa 108 jpUj;jyq;fspy;
jiyahaJ jpUtuq;fk; MFk;. mq;F ee;jtdk; itj;J jpUkhYf;F
Nrit nra;jhH. mq;F tho;e;J te;j Njt Njtp vDk; jhrpf;F
mbikahdhH. jd; nghUis ,oe;J jpUl;Lg;gl;lk; ngw;Wr; rpiwapy;
milf; f g; g l; l hH. rpiwapy; ,Ue; J kP z ; l tpg; u ehuhazd;
jpUtuq;fehjd; kPNj gw;W KOtijAk; itj;J jk; flikiar;
nra;aj; njhlq;fpdhH. ,iwtd; mUshy; kdk;khwpj; njhz;lubg;
nghbaho;thH vdg; ngaH ngw;whH. jpUtuq;fidf; fz;zhwf; fz;l
njhz;lubg;nghb Mo;thH>
gr;ir khkiy Nghy;Nkdp gtstha; fkyr; nrq;fz;
mr;Rjh mkuNuNw MaHjk; nfhOe;Nj
vd ,iwtdpd; jpUTUit ghLfpd;whH.
jpUg;ghzho;thH :
ciwA+hpy; gpwe;jtH. jpUtj;rk; vd;Dk; jpUkUtpd; mk;rkha;
ney;taypy; gpwe;jhH. gpwe;j khjk; fhHj;jpif el;rj;jpuk; cNuhfpzp
MFk;. ghz; ,irg;gjpy; ty;ytuhd jpUg;ghzho;thH jk; Fyk;
fP o ; i k gLj; j g; g l; L s; s jhy; jpUtuq; f j; j pw; F s; nry; y hJ
fhtphpf;fiuapy; mkHe;J muq;fdpd; Gfo;ghLthH. jpUtuq;fg;
ngUkhDf;F mgpNlf ePH vLf;f tUk; cNyhf rhuq;fH vd;gtUk;
mtH FOtpdUk; ,opFyj;jhH vdf;fUjp jpUg;ghzho;thH kPJ
fw;fis tPrpdH. cNyhf rhuq;fH vwpe;j fy; jpUg;ghzho;thhpd;
new;wpapy; gl;Lf; ,uj;jk; nfhl;bd. fy; vwpe;jtH fz;L nfhs;shky;
ePnuLj;Jf; nfhz;L NfhapYf;Fs; nrd;wdH. fUtiwapy; ,Uf;Fk;
jpUkhypd; new;wpapy; ,Ue;J ,uj;jk; nfhl;baJ. vd;ndd;dNth
itj;jpak; nra;fpd;wdH. ,uj;jk; nfhl;LtJ epw;fNt ,y;iy. xU
fl;ilg; Nghl;L tpl;L mq;NfNa gLj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdH.
,iwtd; cNyhf rhuq;fhpd; fdtpy; Njhd;wp> ,irahy;
vd;idj; Jjpf;Fk; jpUg;ghzho;thUk; cd;idg; Nghd;W vd;
nka;ad;gH. Fyk; ghuhl;b mtHkPJ md;W ePH vwpe;j fy;> vd;kPJ
vwpe;jJ. nfhl;Lk; FUjp mjdhy; Vw;gl;lNj. vdNt ehis tpbaypy;
Fspj; J g; gpd; d H eP H nfhz; L tUk; n ghOJ eP a pH nrd; W
jpUg;ghzho;thiu cd; Njhspy; Rke;J Myaj;jpw;F mioj;J
tUf vdf;fdtpy; $wp muq;fd; kiwe;jhH. rhuq;f KdptUk;
muq;fd; Mizia epiwNtw;wpdhH. jpUtuq;fdpd; jpUTUitf;fz;l
jpUg;ghzho;thH mkydhjp gpuhd; vDk; ghRuk; ghbdhH.
125
jpUkq;ifaho;thH :
jpUf;FiwaY}H vDk; jpUj;jyj;jpy; tpy;ypd; mk;rkha;
gpwe;jhH. ,tuJ je;ij ePyp MthH. gilj;jsgjpahfTk; ,Ue;jhH.
jk;kfd; ePyDf;F ,sikapNyNa fy;tp> NghHg;gapw;rp Nghd;wtw;iwr;
rpwg;ghff; fw;Wf; nfhLj;jhH. ePyd; ,sikapNyNa jkpo;> tlnkhop
,uz;bYk; ty;yik ngw;W tpsq;fpdhd;. MR> kJuk;> rpj;jpuk;>
tpj;jhuk; vd;w ehy;tiff; ftpfis ,aw;WtjpYk; ty;yik ngw;W
,Ue;jhd;. nrUf;F kpf;f ehw;ftpg; ngUkhs; vd;gtiu thjpy;
Njhw;fbj;Jg; ngUk; Gfo;ngw;whd;. ,g;gbf; fy;tpapy; rpwe;J tpsq;fpa
ePyd; Nrho kd;ddpd; gilj;jiytdhfp vjphpfis ntd;W
kd;dDf;Fg; Gfo; NrHj;jhd;. ePydpd; tPuj;jpw;Fg; ghprhf Myp
ehl;bw;F kd;dd; Mf;fpdhd;. jpUkq;if mjd; jiyefH vd;gjhy;>
ePyd; jpUkq;if kd;dd; vd;w rpwg;Gg; ngaH ngw;whd;. gy ehLfis
ntd;wjhy; gufhyd; vd;w rpwg;Gg; ngaiuAk; ngw;whd;.
jpUkq;ifaho;thH FKjty;yp vd;w kq;ifia kze;jhd;.
itztj;jpd; kPJ <LghL nfhz;L md;djhdk; nra;jy;> mwg;gzp
nra;jy; Nghd;wtw;wpy; nghUs; KOtijAk; nryT nra;jhd;.
,jw;fhf topg;gwpapy; <Lgl;L jpUkq;if kd;dd; nghUs; NrHj;jhd;.
jpUkhy; kzf;Nfhyj;NjhL te;jNghJ mf;$l;lj;ij topkwpj;Jg;
nghUisg; gwpj;jNghJ jpUkq;if kd;ddpd; gf;jpiaf; fz;L
fhl;rp mspj;J mUspdhH. gpd;dH gy jyq;fis tyk; te;J
jpUkhypd; ngUikiag; ghbdhH. jpUkq;if Mo;thH vd;Dk;
ngUikiag; ngw;whH. ,tH ghba nghpa jpUnkhop>
jpUf;FWe;jhz;lfk;> jpUneLe;jhz;lfk;> jpUntO$w;wpUf;if> rpwpa
jpUkly;> nghpa jpUkly; vd;git MFk;. jhk; gl;l mDgtq;fis>
thbNdd; thb tUe;jpNdd; kdj;jhy; ngUe; JaH ,Lk;igapy;
gpwe;J vd;W ghRuq;fshf ghbdhH.
Fwpg;G :
Ie;J kjpg;ngz; tpdhf;fs;
1. Kjyho;thHfs; ahH? mtHfisg; gw;wp vOJ.

2. Mz;lhspd; ,iw eaj;ij Fwpg;gpL.
3. jpUg;ghzho;thH jpUtuq;fehjHkPJ nfhz;l gw;W ahJ?
126
3. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs;
ehaf;fH fhyk; rpw;wpyf;fpa fhyk; MFk;. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs;
mfk;> Gwk; gw;wp $WfpwJ. gpuge;jk; vd;w tlnkhopr; nrhy;Yf;F
jkpopy; rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ. gpuge;jk; vd;w
nrhy;ypw;F ed;whff; fl;Ljy; vd;Wk; nghUs;gLk;. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs;
96 MFk;. ,r;rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fspy; E}ywpTk;> cyfpaywpTk; epuk;gpa
GytH ngUkf;fSila gyjpwg;gl;l fw;gidj; jpwq;fisf; fhzyhk;.
ctik> cUtfk;> jw;Fwpg;Ngw;wk; Kjyhd mzp eyd;fs; fw;gtH
cs;sj;ijf; ftHtdthf ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,tw;wpy; akfk;> klf;F>
rpNyil vd;gd ahtiuAk; jpiff;fr; nra;fpd;wd. ,iwtd;> murd;>
ts; s y; > mikr; r d; > gilj; j iytH MfpNahhpd; rpwg; g pid
vLj;Jiug;gNj rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fshFk;.
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. rpw;wpyf;fpaq;fs; nkhj;jk; vj;jid? 96
2. gps;isj;jkpo; vj;jid tifg;gLk;? ,uz;L
3. Mz;ghy; gps;isj;jkpOf;Fhpa gUtq;fis $W.
1. fhg;G 2. jhy; 3. nrq;fPiu 4. rg;ghzp 5. Kj;jk; 6. tUif
7. mk;Gyp 8. rpWgiw 9. rpw;wpy; 10. rpWNjH.
4. kPdhl;rpak;ik gps;isj;jkpo; ,aw;wpatH? FkuFUguH
5. gps;isj;jkpOf;F mbg;gilnad njhy;fhg;gpaH $Wtdtw;iw $W.
1. Fotp kUq;fpDk; fpotjhFk; 2. CNuhL Njhw;wKk; chpjn
; jd nkhopg
6. FNyhj;Jq;f Nrhod; gps;isj;jkpo; ,aw;wpatH? xl;lf;$j;jH
7. fyk;gfk; vj;jid cWg;Gf;fis cilaJ?
1. GatFg;G 2. kjq;F 3. mk;khid 4. fhyk; 5. rk;gpujk;
6. fhH 7. jtk; 8. Fwk; 9. kwk; 10. ghz; 11. fsp 12. rpj;J
13. ,uq;fy; 14. iff;fpis 15. J}J 16. tz;L 17. jio 18. Cry;
8. jpUf;fhtY}Hf; fyk;gfj;ij ,aw;wptH? tPukhKdptH
9. jkpopy; Njhd;wpa Kjy; fyk;gf E}y;? ee;jpf; fyk;gfk;
10. ngz;fSf;fSf;Fhpa 7 tifg; gUtq;fis $W.
1. Ngij 2. ngJk;ig 3. 4. kle;ij 5. mhpit 6. njhpit
7. Nghpsk;ngz;
11. cyh E}y;fspy; Kjy; cyh E}y;? jpUf;fapyha Qhd cyh
12. ~njhLf;Fk; flTl; gok;ghly;| ,lk;ngWk; E}y;?
kPdhl;rpak;ik gps;isj;jkpo;
127
13. Kj;Jf;Fkhurhkpg; gps;isj;jkpo; ,aw;wpatH? FkuFUguH
14. fypq;fj;Jg; guzp E}iy vOjpatH? nraq;nfhz;lhH
15. gs;sHfspd; tho;f;ifia vLj;Jiuf;Fk; E}y;? Kf;$lw;gs;S
16. J}Jf;Fhpa ,yf;fzj;ij $W.
xUtH jkJ fUj;ij kw;nwhUtUf;Fj; njhptpf;f ,ilNa
gpwpnjhUtiu mDg;GtNj J}jhFk;.
17. J}J tifapid $W. 1. mfj;J}J 2. Gwj;J}J
18. neQ;RtpL J}J E}ypd; MrphpaH? ckhgjp rpthrhhpahH
19. Kjy; J}J ,yf;fpak; $Wf? neQ;RtpL J}J
20. Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpia ,aw;wpatH? jphp$luhrg;gf; ftpuhaH
21. Mjp(Kjy;) cyh vd;W miof;fg;gLtJ? jpUf;fapyha Qhd cyh
22. gs;S ,yf;fpaj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; ,U kidtpaH?
1. %j;jgs;sp 2. ,isags;sp
23. fhtbr;rpe;J rpw;wpyf;fpaj;ij ghbatH?
nrd;dpFsk; mz;zhkiy nul;bahH
24. FwtQ;rp ,yf;fpaj;ij vt;thW miog;gH?
Fwj;jpg;ghl;L vd;Wk; FwtQ;rp ehlfk; vd;Wk; miog;gH.
25. guzpf;Fhpa ,yf;fzk; ahJ?
NghHf;fsj;jpy; 1000 ahidfisf; nfhd;W ntw;wpg;ngw;w tPuiur;
rpwg;gpj;Jg; ghLtJ guzp ,yf;fpakhFk;.
26. gps;isj;jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;ij vt;thW miog;gH?
gps;isg;ghl;L> gps;isf;ftp
27. me;jhjp vd;why; vd;d?
xU ghlypd; ,Wjp mbNah> rPNuh> mirNah> vOj;Njh
mLj;jg;ghlypd;; Kjyhf mikag; ngWtJ me;jhjp MFk;.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. rpw;wpyf;fpa tiffs; tsHr;rp Fwpj;J tphpthdnjhU fl;Liu
vOJf.
tho;f;ifapd; gpujpgypg;ghf tpsq;FtJ ,yf;fpak; MFk;.
,t;tpyf;fpak; goq;fhyj;jpy; nra;Ashy; mike;jJ. mr;nra;Ashy;
mike;j ,yf;fpaq;fs; fhg;gpag; gFg;ig xl;br; rpw;wpyf;fpak;>
Nghpyf;fpak; vd ,uz;lhfg; gFf;fg;gl;ld. ,jid mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;L rpw;wpyf;fpa tiffs; Njhd;wpd. mit 96 tif vd
ghl;bay; E}y;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd.
128
fyk;gfk; :
fyk;gfk; vd;gJ gytif cWg;Gk;> nghUSk;> ghl;Lk;
fye; J ghlg; n gWtJ MFk; . nja; t q; f isNah kf; f Ss;
rpwe;jhiuNah jiytdhf itj;J mfk;> Gwk; Mfpa nghUl;Jiwfs;
tput> gy;tif cWg;Gf;fisg; ngw;W gytifg; ghtpdq;fshy;
miktJ fyk;gf ,yf;fpaq;fshFk;.
fyk; vd;gjw;F 12 vd;Wk;> gfk; vd;gjw;F 6 vd;Wk;>
fyk;gfk; vd;why; 18 (12+6=18) cWg;Gfs; mlq;fpaJ MFk;. fyk;gf
cWg;Gfshd 1.Gak; 2.kjq;fk; 3.mk;khid 4.Cry; 5.fsp 6.kwk;
7.ghz; 8.fhyk; 9.tz;L 10.rk;gpujk; 11.jtk; 12.iff;fpis 13.CH
14.jio 15.,uq;fy; 16.J}J 17.Fwk; 18.njd;wy; vd;gd gjpndl;Lk;
fyk;gfj;jpy; ,lk;ngWtJ MFk;. ,tw;wpy; Mrphpag;gh> fypg;gh>
tQ;rpg;gh> kUl;gh> jhopir> Jiw> tpUj;jk;> klf;F Mfpa gy;tif
ahg;Gfs; tputp tUk;. 9k; E}w;whz;by; %d;whk; ee;jptHkidg;
ghl;Lilj; jiytdhff; nfhz;L ,aw;wg; ngw;w ee;jpf; fyk;gfk fk;
jkpopy; vOe;j Kjy; fyk;gf E}y; MFk;.
cyh :
cyiff; fhf;Fk; ,iwtdpd; jpUTUNth> murNdh ahid>
Fjpiu> NjH Kjypatw;Ws; VNjDk; xd;wpd;kPJ Vwp tPjpapy; cyh
tUk;NghJ VO gUt kfspUk;; fz;L kfpo;tJ gw;wp tpsf;FtJ
cyh ,yf;fpak; MFk;. VO gUt kfspiu taJ mbg;gilapy;
gphpj;J cs;sdH. 5 - 7 taJ tiuAs;s gUtk; Ngijg;gUtk;. 8
- 11 taJ tiu ngJk;igg;gUtk;. 12 - 13 tiu kq;ifg;gUtk;. 14
- 19 taJ tiu kle;ijg;gUtk;. 20 - 25 taJ tiu mhpitg;gUtk;.
26 – 31 njhpitg; gUtk;. 32 - 40 taJ tiu Nghpsk;ngz; gUtk;
MFk;. jkpopy; fpilj;Js;s Kjy; cyh E}y; Nrukhd; ngUkhs;
ehadhH ,aw;wpa jpUf;fapyha Qhd cyh MFk;. ,jid Mjp
cyh vd;Wk; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ. njhy;fhg;gpaH>
CnuhL Njhw;wKk; chpj;njd nkhopg
tof;nfhL rptzpa tifikahd
vd;fpd;whH.
gps;isj;jkpo; :
GytHfs; jhk; tpUk;Gk; nja;tj;ijNah> muridNah>
ts;siyNah> rhd;NwhiuNah Foe;ijahfg; ghtpj;Jg; ghlg;gLtJ
gps;isj;jkpo; vdg;gLk;. ,jidg; gps;isf;ftp vd ntz;ghg;
ghl;baYk;> gps;isg;ghl;L vdg; gd;dpU ghl;baYk; $Wfpd;wd.
129
,g; g ps; i sj; j kpo; Mz; g hw; gps; i sj; j kpo; > ngz; g hw;
gps;isj;jkpo; vd ,U tifg;gLk;. fhg;G> nrq;fPiu> jhy;> rg;ghzp>
Kj;jk;> tUif> mk;Gyp> rpw;wpy;> rpWgiw> rpWNjH vd 10 gphpTfs;
mlq;fpaJ. ,it Mz;ghw; gps;isj;jkpOf;FhpaJ. ngz;ghw;Fhpad
Kjy; VOk;> foq;F> mk;khid> Cry; Mfpa %d;Wk; $lg; gj;Jg;
gUtq;fshFk;. xl;lf;$j;jH ghba FNyhj;Jq;fd; gps;isj;jkpNo
Kjy; gps;isj;jkpo; E}yhFk;. Fotp kUq;fpDk; fpotjhFk; vd;w
njhy;fhg;gpa E}w;gh gps;isj; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; Njhw;wj;jpw;Fr;
rhd;whf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. nghpaho;thH jk; ghly;fspy; gps;isj;
jkpo;f; $WghLfis mikj;Js;shH. vdNt> ,tiu gps;isj;jkpopd;
Kd;Ndhb vd;gH. ,jid vd;Dila ,d;dKNj> ,uhftNd
jhNyNyh vd;W ghLfpd;whH.
guzp :
guzp vd; g J NghH epfo; r ; r pfisg; ghLtJ MFk; .
NghHf;fsj;jpy; ,we;j tPuHfSf;F eLfy; epWtpg; NgUk; GfOk;
Fwpf;Fk; gof;fk; mf;fhy jkpofj;jpy; ,lk; ngw;wpUe;jJ. NghHf;fsk;
ghLk; nghUeUk; tho;e;J te;jdH. ,t;tPuepiy ,ay;Gfs; gw;wp>
Mid Mapuk; mkhpil ntd;w
khdtDf;F tFg;gJ guzp
vd;gJ ,yf;fz tpsf;fg; ghl;bay; guzpf;F ,yf;fzk; $Wfpd;wJ.
fypq;fj;Jg;guzpia ghbatH nraq;nfhz;lhH. ,tiu guzpf;NfhH
nraq;nfhz;lhd; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwhH. guzp el;rj;jpuj;jpy;
gpwe;j fhLnfO nry;tpahd nfhw;witf;Ff; $o;rikj;Jg; gilj;J
topghL epfo;jJ ; tjhy; guzp vdg; ngaH Vw;gl;lJ. guzp ,yf;fpak;
tpz;> kz;> eufk; %d;wpidAk; ,izj;Jf; $Wk; ,ay;GilaJ.
flTs; tho;j;J> fil jpwg;G> fhL ghbaJ> Nga;fisg; ghbaJ>
Nfhapiyg; ghbaJ> Njtpiag; ghbaJ> Nga; Kiwg;ghL> fhspf;Ff;
$sp $wpaJ> NghH ghbaJ> fsk; ghbaJ> tho;j;J Kjypa
Jiwfisg; ngw;Ws;sJ.
gs;S :
flTisNah> muridNah> ts;sy;fisNah> tPuidNah
fhtpaj; jiytdhf itj;Jg;ghLk; epiy khwp> taypy; Ntiy
ghHf;Fk; cotidNa fhtpaj; jiytdhff; nfhz;L ghLg;gLtJ
gs;S ,yf;fpak; MFk;. gs;S vd;Dk; rpw;wpyf;fpak; kUjepyj;jpy;
gapHj; njhopy; nra;Ak; gs;sd; mtd; kidtpaH %j;jgs;sp>
,isags;sp MfpNahH tho;f;ifia Kjd;ikahf tpsf;FtJ
gs;S ,yf;fpak; MFk;.
130
gs;sHfs; vd;gtHfs; gs;sq;fspy;> tay;ntspfspy; njhopy;
GhpgtH. ,tHfs; cotHfs; vdg; g l; l hHfs; . cotHfspd;
,irg;ghly;fis cotH ghl;L> coj;jpaH ghl;L> VHkq;fyk; vd;w
ngauhy; mioj;jdH. gs;S E}w;fs; 16Mk; E}w;whz;bypUe;J tsuj;
njhlq;fpaJ. ney;Y tifia vz;zpdhYk; gs;S tifia vz;z
KbahJ vd;w gonkhopAk; ,jdhy; cUthdJ. Kjd; Kjypy;
Njhd;wpa gs;S E}y; Kf;$ly;gs;Ns MFk;.
J}J :
xUtH jkJ fUj;ij kw;nwhUtUf;Fj; njhptpf;f ,ilNa
gpwpnjhUtiu mDg;GtNj J}jhFk;. ,J mfj;J}J> Gwj;J}J vd
,U tifg;gLk;. jiytp jiytdplj;Nj J}jDg;GjYk;> jiytd;
jiytpapdplj; N j J}jDg; G jYk; mfj; J }J MFk; . muRfs;
gifthplj;Jj; J}jDg;GjYk;> ts;sy;fsplj;J J}jDg;GjYk; ,d;d
gpwTk; Gwj;J}J MFk;. Xjy; gifNa J}jpit gphpNt vd;w
njhy;fhg;gpa E}w;gh Gwj;J}ijr; Rl;LfpwJ. mfj;J}jpy; J}J nry;Yk;
thapy;fs; ,d;dhH vd;gijj; njhy;fhg;gpak;>
Njhop jhNa ghHg;ghd; ghq;fd;
ghzd; ghbdp ,isaH tpUe;jpdH
$j;jH tpwypaH mwptH fz;NlhH
ahj;j rpwg;gpd; thapy;fs; vd;g
vdf; $Wfpd;wJ. Gwj;J}jpw;Fr; rpwe;j rhd;whf jpfo;tJ GwehD}w;wpy;
mjpakhd; rhHghfj; njhz;ilkhdplk; J}J nrd;w xsitahhpd;
J}jhFk;.
jiytd; N ky; fhjy; nfhz; l jiytp> jdJ fhjy;
Jd;gj;ijj; jiytDf;F ciuj;Jth vd;Nwh> J}J ciuj;J khiy
thq;fp th vd;Nwh caHjpiz my;yJ m/wpizg; nghUisj;
J}jhf mDg;GtJ mfj;J}J ,yf;fzkhFk;. ,jw;fhf md;dk;>
kapy;> fpsp> Nkfk;> G+it> Njhop> Fapy;> neQ;R> njd;wy;> tz;L
vd;w gj;JNk J}JtpLk; jFjpAila nghUs;fshff; fUjg;gl;ld.
ckhgjp rpthr;rhhpahH ,aw;wpa neQ;RtpLJ}J Kjy; J}J ,yf;fpak;
MFk;.
FwtQ;rp :
ehlf ,yf;fpaj;jpw;F ey;y rhd;whf tpsq;FtJ FwtQ;rp
,yf;fpak; MFk;. ghl;Lilj; jiytid mtdJ cyhtpd;NghJ
fz;L fhjy; nfhz;L fhjy; Ntjidahy; thbj; jtpf;Fk; jiytp
xUj;jpf;Ff; FwtH Fyj;ijr; NrHe;j tQ;rpnahUj;jp Fwp $Wtjhf
miktJ FwtQ;rp ,yf;fpak; MFk;. ,jid FwtQ;rp ehl;bak;>
FwtQ;rp ehlfk; vd;Wk; miog;gH.
131
rq;f ,yf;fpaq;fspy; Fwp nrhy;Yk; kfspH ,Ue;jdH.
FWe;njhifapy; xsitahH ,tHfis mftd; kfs; vd; W
miof;fpd;whH. jiytd; cyh tUk;NghJ vOtif kfspUk; fhjy;
nfhs;StH. jiytDf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd jiytp kpf;f fhjy;
tag;gl;l nkypTWths;. Mg;NghJ mts; nkypTf;fhd fhuzj;ij
mwpa ,y;yj;jhH Fwj;jpia mioj;Jf; Fwp Nfl;gH. mts;> jiytp
fhjypg;gijAk; fhjypj;j jiytidNa milths; vd;gijAk;
Fwpg; g pLths; . Jiytdpd; ehl; L tsk; > rpwg; G Nghd; w it
tpsf;fg;ngWk;. jphp$luhrg;gf; ftpuhauhy; ,aw;wg;ngw;w Fw;whyf;
FwtQ;rppNa Kjy; FwtQ;rp ,yf;fpakhFk;.
me;jhjp :
xU ghlypd; ,Wjpapy; cs;s vOj;J> mir> nrhy;> rPH>
mb ahjhDk; xd;W mLj;j ghlypd; Kjypy; tUk;gb mikj;Jg;
ghLtJ me;jhjp MFk;. me;j Kjyhfj; njhLg;gJ me;jhjp vd;W
ahg;gUq;fyf;fhhpif me;jhjpf;F ,yf;fzk; $Wfpd;wJ. me;jhjpiaj;
jdpnahU rpw;wpyf;fpakhf cUthf;fpatH fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahNu
MthH. jkpopd; Kjy; me;jhjp ,yf;fpak; fhiuf;fhyk;ikahH
ghba mw;Gjj; jpUte;jhjpahFk;. me;jhjpapd; mikg;Gf; Fwpj;J>
~kz;jpzpe;j epyDk;> epyd; Ve;jpa tpRk;Gk;> tpRk;G ijtU tspAk;>
tspjiy,a jPAk;> jP Kuzpa ePUk;| vd GwehD}W Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ.
Nfhit :
Nfhit vd;gJ mfg;nghUs; rhHe;j rpw;wpyf;fpak; MFk;.
,it Ie;jpizf;Nfhit vd;Wk;> mfg;nghUs; Nfhit vd;Wk;
miof;fg;gLfpwJ. jiytd;> jiytp> Njhop Mfpa %tUk; fij
khe;jHfshf tUtH. Nfhit E}y;fspd; ,yf;fzk; gw;wp ,iwadhH
mfg; n ghUs; > njhy; f hg; g pak; > tP u Nrhopak; > ek; g pafg; n ghUs; >
,yf;fztpsf;fk;> gd;dpUghl;bay; Kjypa E}y;fspy; $WfpwJ.
ngha;ahnkhopg; GytH ,aw;wpa jQ;irthzd; Nfhit vd;gJ
jkpo; ,yf;fpa tuyhw;wpy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit MFk;. xl;lf;$j;jH
,aw;wpa FNyhj;Jq;fd; Nfhit> jphp$luhrg;gf; ftpuhaH ,aw;wpa
jpUf;Fw;whyf; Nfhit> kPdhl;rp Re;juk;gps;is ,aw;wpa jpUth&Hf;
Nfhit vd gy Nfhit E}y;fs; vOjg;gl;Ls;sd.
rjfk; :
Kjd; Kjy; Njhd;wpa rjf E}y; fhHkz;ly rjfk; MFk;.
,e;E}y; mtpehrp Miwf;fpohH vd;gtuhy; vOjg;ngw;wJ. gj;Jg;gj;jhf
mikahy; nkhj;jkhf E}W ghly;fs; xU E}yhf miktJk;
cz;L. mt;tifapy; Njhd;wpa XH mikg;Ng E}W vdj; jkpopy;
132
toq;fg;glhky; rjfk; vd;w tlnkhopg; ngauhy; toq;fg; ngWfpd;wJ.
tlnkhopapy; rjk; vd;gJ E}W MFk;. itj;jpaehj NjrpfH jkJ
,yf;fz tpsf;fg; ghl;baypy; Kjd; Kjyhf> tpisAk; xUnghUs;
NknyhU E}W> jioa Tiuj;jy; rjfnkd;g vdr; rjfj;jpd;
,yf;fzk; $wpAs;shH. mfg;nghUs; my;yJ Gwg;nghUs; ,uz;lDs;
ahjhDk; xU nghUs; Nky; E}W ghly;fs; ghLtNj rjfj;jpd;
,yf;fzkhFk;. rjf ,yf;fpaq;fs; ngUk;ghYk; mwf; fUj;Jf;fisg;
Nghjpf;Fk; tifapNyNa mike;J cs;sJ.
kly; :
kly; vd;gJ mfg;nghUs; rhHe;j rpw;wpyf;fpak; MFk;.
jilfs; Vw;gLk;NghJ mtisg; ngWtjw;fhfj; jiytd; nra;Ak;
nray; kly; vdg;ngWk;. gdk; fUf;F kl;ilapy; Fjpiu tbtk;
nra;J> jiytpapd; glj;ij tiue;J mjid vy;NyhUk; mwpa
itj;Jf; Fjpiuapd; Nky; mkHe;J jiytd; cz;zh Nehd;G
,Ug;ghd;. jpUkq;if Mo;thH ,aw;wpa nghpa jpUkly;> rpwpa
jpUkly; vd;w E}Yk;> fhsNkfg; GytH ,aw;wpa rpj;jpu kly;>
jj;JtuhaH ,aw;wpa fypkly; vd gy kly; E}y;fs; cs;sd.
3. fhg;gpaq;fs; - ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs;
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. fhg;gpak; vd;why; vd;d?
nja;tj;ijNah> caHe;j kf;fisNah fijj; jiytHfshff;
nfhz;l ePz;l nra;As; fhg;gpak; MFk;.
2. fhg;gpaj;jpd; ehw;nghUisf; $W. mwk;> nghUs;> ,d;gk;> tPL
3. ,ul;ilf; fhg;gpaq;fs; vit? rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy
4. Ik; n gUq; f hg; g paq; f is $W. rpyg; g jpfhuk; > kzpNkfiy>
rPtfrpe;jhkzp> tisahgjp> Fz;lyNfrp
5. IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fis $W.
cjazFkhu fhtpak;> ehfFkhufhtpak;> aNrhjh fhtpak;>
#shkzp> ePyNfrp
6. Nfhtyd;> fz;zfpapd; je;ij nganud;d? khrhj;Jthd;> kheha;ff ; d;
7. G+k;Gfhhpy; ,Ue;j Itif kd;wq;fs; ahit?
nts;spil kd;wk;> ,yQ;rp kd;wk;> neLq;fy; kd;wk;> G+jrJf;f
kd;wk;> ghit kd;wk;.
8. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; jpiur;rPiyfs;?
xUKf vopdp> nghUKf vopdp> fue;Jtuy; vopdp
133
9. GfhH efuj;jpd; ,U gFjpfisf; $W. kUT+Hg;ghf;fk;> gl;bdg;ghf;fk;
10. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpd; gioa ciufs; ahit?
gioa mUk;gj ciu> mbahHf;F ey;yhH ciu
11. fz;zfp> Nfhg;ngUe;Njtp mzpe;jpUe;j rpyk;G? khzpf;fk;> Kj;J
12. kzpNkfiyapd; Njhop ahH? Rjkjp
13. kzpNkfiy fhg;gpaj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngaH ahJ? kzpNkfiy JwT
14. kzE}y; vd miof;fg;gLk; fhg;gpak; vJ? rPtfrpe;jhkzp
15. rPtfd; kze;j 8 kfspH ngaHfisf; $W.
fhe;jUtj;ij> Fzkhiy> gJik> Nfkrhp> fdfkhiy> tpkiy>
RukQ;rhp> ,yf;fiz MfpNahH.
16. rPtfdpd; ngw;NwhH ahtH? rr;re;jd;> tpria
17. rr;re;jd; ve;j ehl;L kd;dd;? mjd; jiyefuk; ahJ?
Vkhq;fj ehL> ,uhrkhGuk;
18. rPtfd; vq;F gpwe;jhd;? RLfhl;by;
19. rPtf rpe;jhkzpf;F ciu vOjpatH? er;rpdhHf;fpdpaH
20. tisahgjp fhg;gpaj;jpd; jiytd; ahH?
etNfhl;b ehuhazd;
21. Fz;lyNfrpia ,aw;wpatH ahH? ehjFj;jdhH
22. Fz;lyNfrp vd;gjd; nghUs;? RUz;l $e;jiy cilats;
23. Fz;lyNfrpapd; ,aw;ngaH ahJ? gj;jpiu
24. Fz;lyNfrpia kze;j fs;tdpd; ngaH? fhsd;
25. Fz;lyNfrp fhg;gpaj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngaH? Fz;lyNfrp tpUj;jk;
26. cjazFkhu fhg;gpaj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngaH? cjazd; fij
27. cjazFkhu fhg;gpaj;jpd; ghtif vd;d? tpUj;jg;gh
28. ehfFkhu fhg;gpaj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngaH? ehf gQ;rkp fij
29. ehfFkhu fhg;gpak; vk;kjj;ij rhHe;jJ? rkzk;
30. aNrhju fhg;gpak; vk;kjj;ij rhHe;jJ? rkzk;
31. #shkzpia ,aw;wpatH ahH? Njhyhnkhopj;NjtH
32. #shkzp fhg;gpak; vk;kjj;ij rhHe;jJ? rkzk;
33. #shkzpapy; $wg;gLk; Ruik ehl;bd; kd;dd; ahH? gahgjp
34. ePyNfrpapd; kw;nwhU ngaH ahH? ePyNfrpj; jpul;L
35. ePyNfrpapd; fjhehafp ahH? mtis VtptpLk; nja;tk; ahJ?
gioaD}H ePyp> fhsp
36. ehaf;fHfspd; fhyj;ij vg;gb miog;gH? fhg;gpa fhyk;
134
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;
1. ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; xw;Wik> Ntw;Wik Fwpj;J
vOJf.
rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy ,uz;Lk; ,ul;ilf;fhg;gpaq;fs;
MFk;. xU jhapd; tapw;wpypUe;J xl;bg; gpwf;fpd;w ,ul;ilf;
Foe;ijfs; Nghy;> fijj; njhlHr;rpahy; ,f;fhg;gpaq;fs; ,uz;Lk;
njhlHG nfhz;L tpsq;Ftjhy; ,it ,ul;ilf; fhg;gpaq;fs;
vdg;gLfpd;wd.
xw;Wik:
,U ,yf;fpaq;fSk; ngz;fSf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLj;J
vOjg; g l; l it. ,U fhg; g paq; f Sk; mftNyhirAld; $ba
Mrphpag;ghthy; mike;jit. ,U E}y;fspYk; 30 fhijfs; gw;wpAk;>
,e;jputopghL gw;wpAk;> kzpNkfyhnja;tk; gw;wpAk; $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.
,U fhg;gpaKk; fp.gp.2Mk; E}w;whz;ilr; NrHe;jit MFk;.
Ntw;Wik:
rpyg; g jpfhuk; rkzf; f Uj; J f; f isj; njhptpj; j hYk;
mr;rkaj;jpw;F Kjyplk; nfhLf;ftpy;iy. vk;kjj;ijAk; ,fo;e;J
$wtpy;iy. Mdhy; kzpNkfiy xU ngsj;j fhg;gpakhFk;. ngsj;j
rkaf;Nfhl;ghLfis $wNt rhj;jdhH vOjpAs;shH. rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpy;
gy ghj; j puq; f s; gy rkaj; j tuhff; Fwpg; g plg; g l; L s; s dH.
kzpNkfiyapy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s khjtp> kzpNkfiy> mwtzmbfs;
Mfpa midtUNk ngsj; j k; rhHe; j tHfshf ,Uf; f pd; w dH.
rpyg;gjpfhuj;jpd; ghj;jpug;ngaHfs; jkpo;g;ngaHfshf ,Uf;fpd;wd.
Mdhy; kzpNkfiyapy; jPtjpyif> MGj;jpud;> rhJtd;> tprhif
vd;w gpwnkhopg;ngaHfspy; mike;Js;sd.
2. fhg;gpak; vd;why; vd;d? mjd; ,yf;fzj;ij vLj;Jiuf;f.
Mq;fpyj;jpy; Epic vd toq;fg;ngWk; nrhy; jkpopy; fhg;gpak;>
fhtpak;> ghtpak; vd;W miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ. njhd;ikf; fhyj;jpy;
kf;fs; $l;lk; gy;NtW FOf;fshfg; gphpe;J cyfpd; ntt;NtW
gFjpfspy; thoe;jdH. mj;jifa kf;fs; FOf;fspd; khtPuH my;yJ
jiykhe;jH jk; mwpTk; Mw;wYk;> tPuKk; tpNtfKk; nfhz;L
kf;fSf;F topfhl;bfshfTk;> kf;fis topelj;jpr; nry;gtHfshfTk;
tpsq;fpdH. jiykhe;jH kz;zpd; khdNk khdg;nghpJ vdf; fUjpa
khtPuuhf tho;e;jdH. mtHjk; mUe;jpwy; Mw;wiyg; Nghw;wpg;
ghlg;ngw;w ghly;fNs fhg;gpaq;fshf cUthapd.
135
fhg;gpak;:
nja;tj;ijNah> caHe;j kf;fisNah fijj; jiytHfshff;
nfhz;l ePzl ; nra;As; fhg;gpak; MFk;. NkYk; nghUshy; njhlHe;J
tUk; nra; A s; ,yf; f paNk fhg; g pak; MFk; . ,f; f hg; g pak;
ngUq;fhg;gpak;> rpWfhg;gpak; vd 2 tifg;gLk;.
ngUq;fhg;gpak;:
fhg;gpaj;jpd; mikg;Gk; ,yf;fzk; Fwpj;J jz;bayq;fhuk;
vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ. mit> 1.tho;j;J> tzf;fk;> tUnghUs; vd;w
%d;wpy; xd;W Kd;dhy; tuNtz;Lk;. 2.mwk;> nghUs;> ,d;gk;> tPL
vd;w ehd;fpidAk; tpsf;Fjy; Ntz;Lk;. 3.jd;dfhpy;yh khe;jidj;
jiytdhff; nfhz;L mikjy; Ntz;Lk;. 4.kiy> fly;> ehL>
efH> gUtk;> QhapW> jpq;fs; Mfpatw;wpd; tUzidfSk; ,Uj;jy;
Ntz;Lk;. 5.ed;kzk; Ghpjy;> nghd;Kb #Ljy;> G+k;nghopy; EfHjy;>
Gdy; tpisahl;L> kJTz;L fspj;jy;> kf;fisg; ngWjy;> Gytp>
fytp Kjypad mikjy; Ntz;Lk;. 6.mikr;rnuhL Muha;jy;>
J}J> Ntw;Wehl;Lg; gazk;> NghH ntw;wp Mfpait njhlHGw;W
mikjy; Ntz;Lk;. 7.rUf;fk;> ,yk;gfk;> ghpr;Nrjk; Mfpa E}w;gphpTfs;
mikjy; Ntz;Lk;. 8.vz;tif nka;ghl;Lf; Fwpg;GfSk; mike;J
tpsq;Fjy; Ntz;Lk;.
rpWfhg;gpak;:
mwk;> nghUs;> ,d;gk;> tPL vd;w cWjpg;nghUs;fSs; xd;Nwh>
gyNth Fiwe;J ngUq;fhg;gpaj;jpw;Fhpa Vida ,yf;fzq;fisg;
ngw;W tUtJ rpWfhg;gpak; MFk;.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu tiuf.
jkpopy; ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fshfr; rpyg;gjpfhuk;> kzpNkfiy>
rPtfrpe;jhkzp> tisahgjp> Fz;lyNfrp vd;w Ie;J E}y;fSk;
Ik;ngUq;fhg;gpaq;fshFk;. ,jid>
rpe;jh kzpahk; rpyg;gjpfhu uk;gilj;jhd;
rpe;jh kzpNkfiy Gide;jhd; - ee;jh
tisah gjpjUtd; thrtDf;F <e;jhd;
jpisahj Fz;lyNf rpf;Fk;. (jpUj;jzp.)
rpyg;gjpfhuk; :
rpyk; G + mjpfhuk; = rpyg; g jpfhuk; MFk; . ,e; E }y;
,sq;Nfhtbfshy; vOjg;gl;lJ. ghly;fs; mftw;ghthy; MdJ. 3
fhz; l q; f is cilaJ. GfhH fhz; l k; 10 fhijfisAk; >
136
kJiuf;fhz;lk; 13 fhijfisAk;> tQ;rpf;fhz;lk; 7 fhijfisAk;
Mf 30 fhijfis cilaJ. rpyg;gjpfhuj;ij ghujpahH> ‘neQ; neQ;ir
ms;Sk; rpyg;gjpfhuk; ’ vd;W ghuhl;LfpwhH. khjtp Mba 11 tif
Mly;fSk;> 8 tif thpf;$j;Jk; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sd. xUKf vopdp>
nghUKf vopdp> fue;Jtuy; vopdp vd;w jpiur;riP yfspd; tiffSk;
cs;sd. kUT+Hg;ghf;fk;> gl;bdg;ghf;fk; ,Ue;jd.
fijr;RUf;fk; :
fhtphpg;G+k;gl;bdj;jpy; kheha;fd; kfs; fz;zfpf;Fk;>
khrhj;Jthd; kfd; NfhtyDf;Fk; jpUkzk; rpwg;ghf eilg;ngw;wJ.
NfhtyDf;F taJ 16. fz;zfpf;F taJ 12. ,y;ywtho;T ,dpNj
ele;j #oypy; muq;Nfw;w epfo;r;rpapd; miog;gpjo; tUfpd;wJ.
eldj;ij fhzte;j Nfhtyd; khjtpapd; Mlypy; kaq;fp mtSld;
tho;f;if elj;Jfpwhd;. fz;zfpia kwe;J jd; nry;tk; KOtJk;
khjtpf;Nf mHg;gzpf;fpwhd;. fztidg; gphpe;J fz;zfp jdpikapy;
JaUw;W tUe;jpdhs;.
GfhH efhpy; ,e;jputpoh kpfTk; rpwg;Gld; eilg;ngw;wd.
ahopy;ty;y Nfhtyd; fhtphpiag; ngz;zhfg; ghtpj;J xU ghly;
ghLfpwhd;. mij NtWtpjkhfg; Ghpe;J nfhz;l khjtp jhDk; xU
khag;ngha;
fhdy;thp ghLfpwhs;. mijj; jtwhfg; Ghpe;J nfhz;L> ‘khag;
gy fhl;Lk; khaj;jhs; ’ vd ntWj;J mtis tpl;L tpyfp
fz;zfpaplk; nry;fpwhd;. jd; jtiw epidj;J fz;zfpaplk; $wp
tUe;Jfpwhd;.
,oe;j nghUis <l;lf; fz;zfpaplk; G+k;GfhH tpl;L kJiu
Nehf;fp gazk; nra;fpd;wdH. topapy; ,tHfSf;Fj; Jizahf
te;j fTe;jpabfs; nry;fpd;whH. kJiu mile;jTld; ,ilaHFyg;
ngz; khjhp tPl;by; jq;Ffpd;wdH. kWehs; Nfhtyd; fz;zfpapd;
xU fhw;rpyk;ig vLj;Jf; nfhz;L kJiu efUf;Fs; tpw;f nrd;whd;.
mq;F vjpHg;gl;l nghw;nfhy;ydplk; jd; rpyk;igf; fhl;Lfpwhd;.
nghw;nfhy;yd; jd; jpUl;il kiwf;f Nfhtydplk; ‘,q; ,q;Nf ,U
,U’
ehd; muz;kid nrd;W kd;ddplk; ,jw;Fhpa tpiyia Ngrptpl;L
tUfpNwd; vd;fpwhd;. murdplk; jd; ifapy; cs;s rpyk;ig fhl;b>
jpUba fs;td; jd; ,y;yj;jpy; cs;sjhf $Wfpwhd;. cz;ikia
Muhahky; murd; ‘fs; fs;tidf; nfhy;f ’ vd;W fl;lisapLfpwhd;.
Nfhtyd; nfhy;yg;gLfpwhd;.
fztd; ,we;jij mwpe;j fz;zfp Nfhgk; nfhz;L
ghz;badplk; ePjp Nfl;fpd;whs;. Nfhtydplk; ifg;gw;wg;gl;l rpyk;ig
mitapy; fz;zfp cilf;fpd;whs;. vy;yhk; khzpf;f fw;fshy;
137
MdJ. jd; jtw;iw czHe;j ghz;bad;> ahNdh murd; ahNd
fs;td; vdf;$wp capHtpLfpwhd;. Nfhg;ngUe;NjtpAk; ,wf;fpwhs;.
Nfhgk; jzpahj fz;zfp kJiu vhpA+l;LKd; ghHg;ghH> mwNthH>
gR> gj;jpdpg;ngz;fs;> %j;NjhH> Foe;ijfs; ,tHfis kl;Lk;
iftpl;L tplr; nrhy;yp fz;zfp jPf;flTis Vtp kJiuia
vhpj;JtpLfpd;whs;. mq;fpUe;J NruehL nrd;W neLehs; Fd;wj;jpy;
cs;s Ntq;if kuepoypy; 14 ehs;fs; jq;fp ,Uf;fpwhs;. nja;t
tbTld; te;j Nfhtyidf; fz;L mtDld; thd Ch;jpapy; Vwp
tpz;Zyfk; mile;jhs;. fhg;gpaj;jpd; Nehf;fkhf>
murpay; gpioj;NjhHf;F mwq; $w;whtJk;
ciurhy; gj;jpdpia caHe;NjhH Vj;jYk;
Co;tpid cWj;Jte;J Cl;Lk; vd;gJ}ck;
#o;tpidr; rpyk;G fhuzkhfr;
rpyg;gjpfhuk; vd;Dk; ngauhy;
ehl;LJk; ahk;XH ghl;ilr; nra;As;
vd;fpwhH ,sq;Nfhtbfs;.
kzpNkfiy:
kzpNkfiyia ,aw; w patH rP j ; j iyr; rhj; j dhH. 30
kzpNkfiy JwT
fhijfis cilaJ. ,f;fhg;gpaj;jpw;F ‘kzpNkfiy JwT’ vd;wg;
ngaUk; cz;L. ghly;fs; mftw;ghthy; MdJ. fjhehafpapd;
ngaNu E}Yf;Fk; ngaH ngw;wJ.
fijr;RUf;fk; :
Nfhtyd; ,we;jij mwpe;j khjtp Gj;jkjj;ijj; jOtpdhs;.
jd; kfs; khjtpiaAk; mk;kjj;jpy; NrHj;J tpLfpd;whs;. kzpNkfiy
jd; Njhop RjkjpAld; kyHfis gwpg;gjw;F cttdk; nry;fpd;whs;.
cjaFkud; gy ehshf kzpNkfiyia Nerpj;J nfhz;bUe;jhd;.
cttdj;jpw;F te;jpUg;gij mwpe;J cjaFkud; mq;F nry;fpd;whd;.
cjaFkudplk; ,Ue;J kzpNkfiyia fhg;ghw;w Rjkjp mq;Fs;s
gspq;fiwf;Fs; nry;YkhW kzpNkfiyaplk; $Wfpd;whs;. gspq;F
kz;lgj;Jf;Fs; kzpNkfyh nja;tk; Njhd;wp kzpNkfiyia
kzpgy;ytj; jPtpw;F nfhz;L NghdJ. jPtpy; ahUk; ,y;iy vd;gij
mwpe;J mOjhs;. gok;gpwg;igj; njhptpg;gJkhfpa Gj;jgPbif
mts;Kd; Njhd;wp kzpNkfiyapd; Kw;gpwg;ig $wpaJ.
kzpNkfyh nja;tk; kzpNkfiyf;F Kd;G Njhd;wp 3
ke;jpuq;fis je;J nrd;wJ. mit> 1. Ntw;WTUtk; ngwy; 2.
thdj;jpy; gwe;J nry;yy; 3. grp ,y;yhik MFk;. jPtpy; jPgjpyif
vd;w ngz; kzpNkfiyf;F mwpKfkhfpwhs;. jPgjpyif ,j;jPtpy;
138
,Uf; F k; NfhKfp ngha; i fapd; rpwg; g pidAk; > MGj; j pudpd;
mKjRugpiaAk; gw;wp $Wfpwhs;. Gj;jUila gpwe;j ehsd;W
,t;ml;raghj;jpuk; ntsptUk;. me;ehs; ,g;nghOJ te;Js;sJ.
,g;ngha;ifia tyk; te;J ml;ra ghj;jpuj;ij ngWthahf vd;wJ.
kzpNkfiyf;F ml;raghj;jpuk; fpilf;fpwJ.
fhtphpg;G+k;gl;bdk; nrd;W fharz;bif cUtpy; vy;NyhUf;Fk;
grpg;gpzpia Nghf;Ffpd;whs;. rpiwr;rhiyia mwr;rhiyahf
khw;Wfpwhs;. fharz;bif cUtpy; ,Ug;gJ kzpNkfiyjhd;
vd;gij mwpe;J cjaFkud; mtis gpd; njhlHfpwhd;. tpz;Zyfpy;
,Ue;J fhQ;rdd; jd; kidtp fharz;bifia Njb tUfpwhd;.
jd; kidtpia gpd; njhlHe;J nry;Yk; cjaFkuid jd; thshy;
ntl;b tPoj ; J
; fpwhd; fhQ;rdd;. kzpNkfiy rpiw itf;fg;gLfpd;whs;.
murpapd; <Lghl;lhy; rpiwapy; ,Ue;J kPl;fg;gLfpd;whs;. gy
ehLfSf;Fr; nrd;W grpg;gpzp mfw;wpr; NruehL nry;fpd;whs;. mq;F
jd; md; i d nja; t kha; epd; W nfhz; b Uf; F k; fz; z fpia
tzq;Ffpd;whs;. fhQ;rpGuk; nrd;W mq;Nf grpg;gpzpia mfw;wpj;
jtk; nra;fpd;whs;. fhg;gpaj;jpd; Nehf;fkhf>
kz;bzp Qhyj;J tho;NthHf; nfy;yhk;
cz;bnfhLj;NjhH capHnfhLj;NjhNu
rPtfrpe;jhkzp:
rPtfd; tuyhw;iwf; $Wk; E}yhFk;. rpe;jhkzp vd;w
nja;tkzp Nfl;lhHf;F Nfl;l nghUis Fiwtpy;yhky; jUk;
rpwg;gpidf; nfhz;ljhFk;. tpUj;jg;gh vd;w ahg;G tifapy;
mike;jJ. 13 ,yk;gfq;fis cilaJ. rkzk; rkaj;ij rhHe;jJ.
rPtfd; vl;L kfspiu kzk; nra;J nfhz;ljdhy; ,e;E}iy>
kzE}y; vd;W miog;gH. ,jd; MrphpaH jpUj;jf;fNjtH MthH.
Vkhq; f j ehl; L kd; d d; rr; r e; j d; . ,uhrkhGuj; i j
jiyefuhff; nfhz;L Ml;rp nra;jhd;. jd; khkd; kfs; tpria
kze;jhd;. mikr;rd; fl;baq;fhud; #o;r;rp nra;J kd;didf;
nfhd;W ehl;ilf; ifg;gw;Wfpd;whd;. nra;jp mwpe;j tpria
kapw;nghwpapy; Vwpj; jg;gpj;J RLfhl;by; ,wq;fp Mz; Foe;ij
xd;iwg; ngw;Wg; Nghl;Ltpl;L nry;fpd;whs;. Foe;ijiaf; fe;Jf;fld;
vd;w tzpfd; vLj;Jr;nrd;W rPtfd; vd;w ngahpl;L tsHj;jhd;.
mr;rze;jp Mrphpahplk; gy;NtW fiyfisAk; gapd;whd;. mthplk;
jd; je;ijapd; tuyhw;iw mwpe;J nfhs;fpwhd;.
139
gy;NtW #oy;fspy; fhe;jUtjj;ij> Fzkhiy> gJik>
Nfkrhp> fdfkhiy> tpkiy> RukQ;rhp> ,yf;fiz vd;w 8
ngz;fis xUtH gpd; xUtuhf kze;J nfhz;lhd;. jd; khkd;
Nfhtpe;jdpd; Jiz nfhz;L fl;baq;fhuid ntd;W ehl;ilf;
ifg;gw;Wfpwhd;. gpd;G JwTNkw;nfhz;L tPLNgw;iw milfpd;whd;.
tisahgjp :
E}yhrphpahpd; ngaH fpilf; f tpy; i y. tpUj; j g; g hthy;
mike; j J. rkzk; rkaj; i jr; rhHe; j J. E}y; KOtJk;
fpilf;ftpy;iy. ,f;fhg;gpaj;jpd; ghly;fs; Gwj;jpul;L> ahg;gUq;fy
tpUj;jpAiu> rpyg;gjpfhu ciu> njhy;fhg;gpa ciu Mfpatw;wpypUe;J
fpilf;fg;ngw;Ws;sd. gpw Fyj;ijr; NrHe;j xU ngz;iz etNfhb
ehuhazd; vd;Dk; itu tzpfd; kze;jhd;. ,jdhy; tzpf
Fyj;jpdH mtid ntWj;jdH. mtd; mtis tpl;Lg;gphpe;J>
may;ehL nrd;W nghUsPlb ; g; G+k;Gfhhpy; jd; Fyg; ngz; xUj;jpia
kze;J tho;e;jhd;. ,e;epiyapy; %j;jtspd; kfd;> jd; je;ij
ahH vd;gjid mwpe;J je;ijaplk; jhd; cq;fs; kfd; vd;fpwhd;.
mtd; kWf;fNt jd; jhaplk; tptuj;ijf;$wp jhia mioj;J
tUfpwhd;. tzpfH FOtpdH midtUk; mwpa> fhsp thdj;jpy;
Njhd;wp> ,t;tpUtUk; itu tzpfdhfpa cdf;F chpatHfs;
vd;W mUspr; nra;jhs;. gpwF ,tHfis Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhd;.
Fz;lyNfrp :
Fz;lyNfrp vd;gjd; nghUs; RUz;l $e;jiy cilats;
vd; g J nghUshFk; . ,e; E }iy ehjFj; j dhH ,aw; w pdhH.
,f;fhg;gpaj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngaH Fz;lyNfrp tpUj;jk; MFk;.
Fz;lyNfrpapd; ,aw;ngaH gj;jpiu Mths;. ,e;E}y; tpUj;jg;ghthy;
mike;jJ. ngsj;j rkaj;ijr; rhHe;jJ. tzpf kugpy; Njhd;wpa
Fz;lyNfrp> fhsd; vd;Dk; fs;tidf; fz;L fhKw;W mtidNa
kzf;fpwhs;. xU ehs; Cly; fhuzkhf mtidf; fs;td; vd;W
$wpdhd;. rpdk;nfhz;l mtd; tQ;rkhf mtis kiyAr;rpf;F
mioj;Jr; nrd;W> mtisf; nfhy;y Kw;gLfpwhd;. mijawpe;j
Fz;lyNfrp mtid 3 Kiw tyk; tUtJNghy te;J> mtidf;
fPNo js;spf; nfhd;W tpLfpwhs;. gpd;dH cs;sk; tUe;jpj; JwT
G+z;L> gpw rkaq;fis ntd;W ngsj;j jhprdk; fz;L> Kf;jp
ngWfpwhs;.
2. IQ;rpW fhg;gpaq;fs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu vOJf.
cjazFkhufhtpak;> ehfFkhufhtpak;> aNrhjufhtpak;>
#shkzp> ePyNfrp vd;gitNa IQ;rpWfhg;gpaq;fshFk;. ,tw;wpy;
ehfFkhufhtpak;> #shkzp MrphpaH ngaH fpilf;ftpy;iy.
,t;ite;Jk; rkz rkak; gw;wp vOe;j ,yf;fpaq;fshFk;.
140
cjazFkhu fhtpak; :
cjazFkhu fhtpaj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngaH cjazd;
fijahFk;. 6 fhz;lq;fis cilaJ. MrphpaH ngaH njhpatpy;iy.
tpUj;jg;ghtpy; mike;jJ. tj;jtehl;Lf; nfsrhk;gp efuj;J murd;
cjazd; mtid mte; j p ehl; L kd; d d; gpur; N rhjdd;
rpiwg;gLj;Jfpwhd;. cjazd; ez;gDk; mikr;rDkhd A+fp
mtidr; rpiwkPll ; hd;. gpur;Nrhjdd; kfs; thrtjj;ijf;F cjazd;
aho; fw;Wf;nfhLj;J mtisj; jpUkzk; nra;fpwhd;. gpd;dH
Jwtpahfpwhd; vd;gJ cjazd; fhtpaf; fijahFk;.
ehfFkhu fhtpak; :
ehfFkhufhtpaj;jpd; kw;nwhU ngaH ehf gQ;rkp fijahFk;.
MrphpaH ngaH fpilf; f tpy; i y. 5 rUf; f q; f isAk; > 170
tpUj;jg;ghly;fisAk; nfhz;lJ. rkz rkaj;ijr; rhHe;jJ.
,uhrkhfphp efuj;jpYs;s tpGy kiyapy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; tHj;jkhd
kfhtPuiu tzq;Ftjw;Fr; rpNuzpf khkd;dDk; Njtp rhypdpAk;
nrd;wdH. mf;Nfhapypd; jtKdptuhk; nfsjkH ehfFkhudJ
fijia vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whH. ehfFkhud; kfspH gyiu kze;J
,y;yw tho;tpd; ,d;gq;fisj; Ja;ff ; pwhd;. NghHf;fiyapYk;> tPiz>
kpUjq; f k; Kjypa ,irf; f Utpfis thrpg; g jpYk; rpwe; J
tpsq;fpdhd;. KJikg; gUtj;jpy; tho;f;ifapd; epiyahikia
czHe;J JwT G+Zfpwhd;. Nehd;G Nkw;nfhz;L Qhdj;ij mila
Kaw;rp Nkw;nfhs;fpwhd;.
aNrhju fhtpak; :
rkzk; rkaj;ijr; rhHe;jJ. 5 rUf;fq;fs;> 320 ghf;fisf;
nfhz;lJ. ,f;fhtpak; tlnkhopapy; cs;s Gl;gje;jH fijiaj;
jOtpaJ. Fzgj; j puH vOjpa cj; j puGuhzj; j py; ,f; f ij
$wg;gLfpwJ. cja ehl;L kd;dd; khhpjj;jd;. rz;lkhhp %yk;
mgaUrpiaAk; mtd; jq;if mgakkjpiaAk; ngw;whd;. ,UtUk;
JwtpaH. mtHfs; gQ; r guNkl; b fis tzq; f p capHtplj;
Jzpfpd;wdH. fhuzk; Nfl;l murdplk; mtHfs; jk; gok;gpwg;igf;
$Wfpd;wdH. mNrhfd; KJikngw;Wj; JwT Nkw;nfhs;fpwhd;. kfd;
ahNrhjud;. murdhf Kb #l;lg;gLfpwhd;. ,irapy; kaq;fpa
aNrhjudpd; kidtp mkpo;jkjp ml;lg;gq;fjDld; fs;s cwT
nfhs;fpwhs;. ,jdhy; aNrhjud; JwT Nkw;nfhs;s tpUk;Gfpwhd;.
mkpo;jkjp eQ;R fye;J aNrhjuDf;Fr; Nrhwpl mij cz;L
aNrhjuDk; mtd; jhAk; ,wf;fpd;wdH. ,we;j ,UtUk; kWgpwtpapy;
Nfhopahfg; gpwf;fpd;wdH. aNrhjud; kfd; aNrhjkjkp murdhfp
141
Ntl;ilf;Fr; nry;fpwhd;. rkz Kdpthpd; %yk; jd;Dila
gok;gpwg;gpd; tuyhw;iw mwpfpwhd;. JwT Nkw;nfhs;fpwhd;. mtd;
kf;fNs ,se;Jwtpfshd mgaUrpAk; mgakjpAk; MtH vd;gJ
ahNrhju fhtpaf; fijahFk;.
#shkzp :
cyfpd; Kbf;NfhH #shkzp ahapdhd;’ vdf; fhg;gpaj;
‘cyfpd;
jiytd; rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;ljhy; ,J #shkzp vdg;ngaH ngw;wJ.
,e;E}iy vOjpaH Njhyhnkhopj; NjtH. 12 rUf;fq;fisAk;> 2131
tpUj;jq;fisAk; nfhz;lJ. rkzk; rkaj;ijr; rhHe;jJ. Ruik
vd;w ehl;il Mz;l gahgjpf;F ,U kidtpaH. ,UtUk; tprad;>
jptpl;ld; vd;w Gjy;tHfisg; ngw;wdH. tpQ;iraHf;Nfhd; vd;gtd;>
jptpl;ld; jdf;Ff; fPog
; g
; bahjjhy; rpdk;nfhz;L rpq;fj;ij VTfpwhd;.
rpq;fj;ijf; nfhd;W jptpl;ld; tpz;Zyf kq;ifahd Rak;gpuigia
kzf;fpwhd;. jptpl;lDf;Fr; Nrhjpkhiy vd;Dk; ngz; gpwf;fpwhs;.
Nrhjpkhiyapd; khkd;kfd; mKjNridia kzf;fpwhs;. ,Wjpapy;
gahgjp JwT Nkw;nfhz;L tpLtjhfr; #shkzp fij mike;Js;sJ.
ePyNfrp :
Fz;lyNfrpf;F vjpuhf ,aw;wg;gl;l rkzE}y; ePyNfrpahFk;.
,jd; kw;nwhU ngaH ePyNfrpj; jpul;L MFk;. 10 rUf;fq;fs;> 894
ghf;fisf; nfhz;lJ. ,e;E}yhrphpaH gw;wpa nra;jpfs; njhpatpy;iy.
ghQ;rhyehl;by; xU efhpd; RLfhL. mq;Nf elf;Fk;
capHf;nfhiyia> Kdpr;re;jpuH vd;w rkz KdptH jk; jt
typikahy; jLj;jhH. mtH jtj;ijf; fiyf;fg; gioaD}H ePypg;Nga;
murpNghy; Ntlkpl;L te;J Kaw;rpf;fpwJ. Mdhy; Njhy;tpailfpwJ.
Kaw;rpapy; Njhw;w mts;> mtUf;F kidtpahfpa gpd;G rkz
rkaj;jpd; capHf; nfhs;ifahfpa nfhy;yhikiag; ghnuq;Fk;
gug;GtNjhL> gy rkaj; jiytHfisAk; thjpy; ntd;W rkz
rkaj;jpy; NrHj;J rkzj; jiytpahfpwhs;.
142
4. ehlf ,yf;fpak;
,uz;L kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. jkpo; ehlfj; je;ij vdg; Nghw;wg;gLgtH? gk;ky; rk;ge;j KjypahH
2. gk;ky; rk;ge;j KjypahH vOjpa Kjy; ehlfk;? G\;gty;yp
3. jkpo; ehlfj; jiyikahrphpaH vdg; Nghw;wg;gLgtH?
rq;fujh]; Rthkpfs;
4. rq;fujh]; Rthkpfs; xNu ,utpy; vOjpa ehlfk; vJ? mgpkd;A
5. ,uhkr;re;jpu ftpuhaH gilj;j ehlfq;fs; ahit?
rFe;jiy tpyhrk;> ghuj tpyhrk;
6. fhrp tpRtehj KjypahH vOjpa Gfo;ngw;w ehlfq;fs; ahit?
jhrpy;jhH ehlfk;> gpuk;krkh[ ehlfk;
7. nehz;b ehlfk; vd;why; vd;d?
nry;tf; FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;j xUtd; guj;ijahplk; cwT nfhz;L
Neha;tha;g;gl;L tWik mike;J nehz;bahfp Jd;GWtjhfTk;
,Wjpapy; mtd; kdk; jpUe;JtjhfTk; ghlg;gLtJ nehz;b ehlfk;
MFk;.
8. mUzhr;ry ftpuhahpd; ehlfk; vJ? ,uhk ehlff; fPHj;jid
9. mNrhfKfp vd;w ehlfj;ij vOjpatH? mUzhr;ry ftpuhaH
10. njd;dhl;L ngHdhHl;\h vd;W mwpQH mz;zhitg; ghuhl;bath?
fy;fp
11. mwpQH mz;zh vOjpa ehlfq;fs; ahit?
re;jpNuhjak;> Ntiyf;fhhp> XH,uT> ePjpNjtd; kaf;fk;
12. fiyQH K. fUzhepjpapd; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f ehlfq;fs; ahit?
kzpkFlk;> ke;jphpFkhhp> guhrf;jp> xNu ,uj;jk;> J}f;FNkil
13. me;jkhd; ifjp vd;w ehlfj;ij vOjpatH ahH?
F.rh. fpU\;z%Hj;jp
14. jz;zPH jz;zPH ehlfj;ij vOjpatH? Nfhky; Rthkpehjd;
15. Kfk;kJ gpd; Jf;sf; ehlfj;ij vOjpatH ahH? Nrh. uhkrhkp
16. uj;jf; fz;zPH ehlfj;ij gilj;jtH ahH? jpUth&H jq;fuhR
17. R[hjh vOjpa Fwpg;gplj;jf;f ehlfq;fs; ahit?
xU nfhiy xU gazk;> lhf;lH eNue;jpudpd; tpNdhj tof;F
18. ,e;jpuh ghHj;jrhujp vOjpa ehlfq;fis $W.
xsuq;frPg;> grp> NghHit NghHj;jpa cly;fs;
20. jp. [hdfpuhkd; vOjpa ehlfq;fis $W.
tbNtY thj;jpahH> ehY Ntyp epyk;
143
21. xsit ehlfj;ij vOjpatH ahH? ,d;Fyhg;
22. K. tujuhrdhH vOjpa ehlfq;fis $W.
fhjy; vq;Nf> kdr;rhd;W> gr;irag;gH
23. GJikg;gpj;jd; vOjpa ehlfq;fis $W.
gf;j FNryh> rhH epr;rakh ehisf;F
24. kD\h kD\h vd;w ehlfj;ij vOjpatH? n[afhe;jd;
25. Ne\dy; jpNal;lH]; ehlff; FOit epWtpatH? MH.v];. kNdhfH
26. Nf. ghyr;re;jhpd; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f ehlfq;fis $W.
rHtH Re;juk;> ePHf;Fkpop> nkOFtHj;jp> vjpHePr;ry;> ehzy;
27. fjhpd; ntw;wp vd;w ehlfj;ij ,aw;wpatH ahH?
nj.ngh. fpU\;zrhkp ghtyH
28. ehlftpay; vd;Dk; ehlf ,yf;fz E}iy vOjpatH ahH?
ghpjpkhw;fiyQH
30. kNdhd;kzpak; vDk; ehlfk; ve;E}iy jOtp vOjg;gl;lJ?
,ufrpatop
31. ,uhk ehlff;fPHj;jid gilj;jtH ahH? mUzhryf;ftpuhaH
32. tpLjiy ,af;f ehlfq;fis Fwpg;gpLf?
fjhpd; ntw;wp> gk;gha;nkapy;
34. gy;ytkd;dd; kNfe;jputHkd; vOjpa Kjy; ehlfk; ahJ?
kj;jtpyhrg; gpufrdk;
35. jpUkiy ehaf;fH vd;w ehlfj;ij vOjpatH ahH?
MW. mofg;gd;
39. K.t. vOjpa Xuq;f ehlfj;ij Fwpg;gpL.
kdr;rhd;W> fpk;gsk;> Vkhw;wk;
40. Foe;ijfSf;fhd ehlfq;fs; vOJtjpy; rpwe;jtHfis $W.
jzpif cyfehjd;> $j;jgpuhd;> fp.kh. gf;jtr;ryk;>
G+tz;zd;
41. tpLjiy ,af;f ehlfq;fis Fwpg;gpL.
fjhpd; ntw;wp> gk;gha; nkapy;
42. kNfe;jputHk gy;ytd; vOjpa Kjy; ehlfj;ij $W.
kj;jtpyhrg; gpufrdk;
43. kNdhd;kzPak; vt;tif ehlf E}y;?
gbf;ff;$ba ehlf E}y;
44. ehlff;fiy vDk; E}iy vOjpatH ahH? jp.f. rz;Kfk;
144
Ie;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. ehlff; fijf;Nfhg;gpd; ghFghLfs; Fwpj;J vOJf.
ehlff; fijf;Nfhg;G Ie;J tifg;gFg;Gfisf; nfhz;lJ.
mit 1. njhlf;fk; 2. nray; tsHr;rp 3. cr;repiy 4. tpo;r;rp
5. KbT MFk;.
njhlf;fk; :
ehlfkhe;jH mwpKfk;> ehlf Kuz; njhlf;fk; Mfpa ,uz;Lk;
,lk;ngWk;. Kuz; vd;gJ khWgl;l ,UNtW fUj;Jf;fs; my;yJ
,UNtW gz;Gfs; ,tw;wpilNa Njhd;Wk; Nkhjiyf; Fwpf;Fk;.
nray; tsHr;rp :
ehlfj;jpd; cr;repiyf;F njhlHghd epfo;r;rpfs;> gz;Gfs;
gbg;gbahf tsHr;rpAWk;. njhlf;fj;jpy; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l Kuz;fs;>
mk;Kuz;fs; fhuzkhf tpise;j rpf;fy;fs; ahTk; ed;F gpd;dg;gl;L
Kw;wpa tsHr;rp epiy milAk;.
cr;rk; :
njhlf;fk;> nray;tsHr;rp Mfpa ,U epiyfspy; xNu rPuhf
tsHe;j ,U khWgl;l fUj;Jf;fs; my;yJ gz;Gfs; ,tw;wpd;
Mw;wy; kpf;f xd;W NkNyhq;fp kw;wij tPor; nra;jiyf; fhzyhk;.
tpsf;fkhfff; $Wtjhapd; ,d;gpay; KbT nfhz;l ehlfj;jpy;
jiykhe;jd; Kuz; vdg;gLk; jPatidAk;> mtdJ jPanraiyAk;
Kwpabj;J NkNyhq;Fjiyf; Fwpg;gplyhk;. ,J jpLnkd tpistjhf
mikahJ> njhlHr;rpahf epfo;Tw;w epfo;r;rpfspd; tpisitnahl;b
,aw;ifahf mikag;ngWk;. ,ij jpUg;G Kid vd;Wk; $wyhk;.
tPo;r;rp :
ehlfj;jpd; fijg;Nghf;fpy; jpUg;Gkid Vw;gl;l gpd;dH ehlfk;
Kbit Nehf;fp eilNghLk;> cr;repiyapy; vj;jifa tpisT
Vw;gl;lNjh mijg; nghWj;Nj tPor ; r
; p mikTWk;. cr;rj;jpd; tpisT
fhuzkhf cz;lhd Gjpa epfo;r;rpfs; tPo;r;rpapd; fz; tsHr;rp
ngw;W mikTWk;. Jd;gpay; ehlfkhapd; mijnahl;bAk; ,d;gpay;
ehlfkhapd; mijnahl;bAk; tPo;r;rp mikTWk;.
KbT :
fijapd; KbT vd;gJ ehlfkhe;jH topNa mtHjk; gz;G>
nray; Mfpatw;wpd; topNa ,ay;ghf miktjhFk;. ehlfj;jpd;
KbT ,d; g payhfNth my; y J Jd; g payhfNth my; y J
,t;tpuz;LkhfNth mikayhk;.
145
2. rKjha ehlfq;fs; gw;wp vOJ.
rKjha ehlfq;fs; tho;f;if newpia mwpTWj;jplTk;>
rPHjpUj;jj;ij typAWj;jplTk;> tpopg;GzHr;rpiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;jplTk;
gilf;fg;gLtd MFk;. nghJthf rKjha ehlfq;fspy; r%f
mikg; g py; fhZk; gpur; r pidfs; > czHr; r pfs; > gz; G fs;
Kjypatw;iwnahl;b vOk; rpf;fy;fSk; mr;rpf;fy;fSf;F kdpjd;
Kad;W fhZk; jPHTfSk; fijf;Nfhg;ghf mikag;ngWk;. rKjha
ehlfq; f s; fUg; n ghUs; mbg; g ilapy; gy tiffshf
mike;jitahFk;. mtw;Ws;> ,d;iwa ehlf cyfpy; kf;fshy;
nghpJk; tpUk;gg;gLk; ehlf tiffis gytif MFk;.
fiyQH fUzhepjpapd; J}f;FNkil gFj;jwpT ehlfkhFk;.
jp. [hdfpuhkdpd; ehYNtyp epyk; nghJTilik ehlfkhFk;. mwpQH
mz;zhtpd; Ntiyf;fhhp> XH ,uT rPHjpUj;j ehlfkhFk;. Nfhky;
Rthkpehjdpd; jz;zPH jz;zPH mq;fjehlfkhFk;. ghujpjhrdpd;
fw;fz;L eifr;Rit ehlfkhFk;. gk;ky; rk;ge;j Kjypahhpd; re;jpu hp
ieahz;b ehlfkhFk;. v];.b. Re;juk; mtHfspd; kdpjDk; kpUfKk;
kpifAzHr;rp ehlfkhFk;.
3. thndhyp> njhiyf;fhl;rp ehlfk; gw;wp tpsf;F.
thndhyp epiyaq;fs; ehlf tsHr;rpapy; ngUk; gq;F
tfpf;fpd;wd. KO ehlfq;fs; 2 kzp Neuk; tiu xypgug;ghfpd;wd.
xU kzp Neu ehlfq;fSk; cs;sd. fhy;kzp Neuk;> miukzp
Neuj;jpy; Xuq;f ehlfq;fs; gy ebf;fg; ngWtjhy; ehlf ,yf;fpak;
mjw;fhf vOJNthH gyH cs;sdH. thu ,jo;fSk;> khj ,jo;fSk;
Xuq;f ehlfq;fs; gytw;iw ntspapLfpd;wd. m.r. Qhdrk;ge;jdpd;
njs;shnwwpe;j ee;jptHkd;> G+uzk; tpRtehjdpd; nfsut khg;gps;is
Kjypad Fwpf;fj; jFe;jd. Re;jhde;j ghujpahH> Nfhky; Rthkpehjd;>
v];.b. Re;juk;> gp.v];. uhikah Nghd;NwhH thndhyp ehlfq;fs;
gy vOjpAs;sdH.
njhiyf;fhl;rp te;j gpwF njhiyf;fhl;rp ehlfq;fs; gy
vOjg;ngw;W tUfpd;wd. Jg;gwpAk; rhk;G> =khd; RjHrdk; Nghd;NwhH
Gjpdq;fis ehlfkhf;fp ebf;fpd;wdH. mfpyd;> eh. ghHj;jrhujp
Nghd;NwhH Gjpdq;fis ehlfkhf;fp ebf;fpd;wdH. ,d;W gytifapy;
njhiyf;fhl;rp ehlfq;fs; ,lk;ngw;W tUfpd;wd.
4. tPjp ehlfk; gw;wp vOJ..
muq;fpy;yhky;> xg;gidfs; vJTkpy;yhky; Ie;J> gj;J
epkplq;fspy; muq;Nfw;wg;gLk; njU ehlfq;fs; tPjp ehlfk; vdg;
ngaHngw;W tsHe;J tUfpd;wd. Foe;ijj; njhopyhsH xopg;G>
Nghijg; nghUs;fspd; jPik gw;wpa tpsf;fk;> mwpnthsp ,af;ff;
nfhs;iffs; tpsf;fk;> FLk;gf; fl;Lg;ghL Nghd;wit ,t;tPjp
ehlfq;fs; %yk; gug;gg; ngWfpd;wd. fy;tp epiyaq;fSk; tPjp
ehlfq;fis elj;Jfpd;wd.
146
5. Xuq;f ehlfk; gw;wp vOJ.
Xuq;f ehlfk; vd;gJ fijf;fUtpd; jd;ikianahl;b
vz;zpf;ifapy; Fiwe;j mstpyhd fijkhe;jiuf; nfhz;L gj;J
fsq; f Sf; F Nkw; g lhky; mike; j jhfg; gilf; f g; g LtjhFk; .
fsq;fspd; vz;zpf;if fijf;Nfhg;gpw;F ,zq;f mikfpd;wd.
Xuq;f ehlfk; rpWfij my;yJ FWehty; Nghd;wJ. ehlfk; Nghd;Nw
Xuq;f ehlfKk; mwpKfk;> tsHr;rp> cr;rk;> tPo;r;rp> KbT vd
Ie; J epiyfisf; nfhz; L mikAk; . Xuq; f ehlfq; f s;
ngUk;ghd;ikAk; eifr;Rit nfhz;litahfTk;> cr;rhpg;gpYk;
nghUspYk; rpNyilahdit vd; W fUjj; f ; f nrhw; f s;
epuk;gpaitahfTk; tpsq;Ffpd;wd. kf;fspd; gz;G eyd;fis
tsHg; g jhfTk; rpe; j idf; F j; J}z; L nfhyhfTk; fUj; j pw; F k;
fz;zpw;Fk; tpUe;jhfTk; mikag;ngWk; Xuq;f ehlfq;fNs
,yf;fpaj;juk; tha;e;jdthf fUjg; ngWfpd;wd.
gj;J kjpg;ngz;fs;
1. ehlfj;jpd; Njhw;wk; tsHr;rp Fwpj;J fl;Liu vOJf.
Kj;jkpio ,ay;> ,ir> ehlfk; vd gphpf;fpNwhk;. mtw;wpy;
,ay; fUj;jpw;F tpUe;jhfTk;; ,ir fUj;jpw;Fk;> nrtpf;Fk;
tpUe;jhfTk;; ehlfk; fUj;jpw;Fk;> nrtpf;Fk;> fz;zpw;Fk;> tpUe;jhfTk;
cs;sJ. MfNt ,jid xU Ez;fiy vd;W miof;fg;gLfpwJ.
ehlfk; :
~eb| vd;Dk; nrhy;Yk; ~mfk;| vd;Dk; nrhy;Yk; GzHe;J
ehlfk; vd Kjy;epiyj; jphpe;j njhopy;ngaH Mapw;W. ~~eb vd;gNj
ehlfj; j pd; mbr; n rhy; y hff; nfhs; s yhk; . ebg; g tH ebfH>
ebf;fg;ngWtJ ehlfk;> ehlfkhtJ fij jOtpa $j;J|| vd
mbahHf;F ey;yhH vLj;Jiuf;fpwhH. xU fijia vLj;Jf;nfhz;L
fijkhe;jh;fSf;F vy;yhk; ebfh;fis mikj;J ciuahly;fshYk;
nray;fshYk; mf;fijg; nghUisg; gyh; fhz muq;fj;jpy; ebj;Jf;
fhl;LtNj ehlfk; vd;fpNwhk;. ehlfj;jpy; ebg;Ng Kjd;ikngw
Ntz;Lk;. ~`hk;nyl;| vd;Dk; ehlfj;jpy; N\f;];gpah;> “nrhw;fis
ebg;Gf;F Vw;wthW NgrNtz;Lk;. NgRk; Ngr;Rf;Fj; jFe;jgb ebg;G
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. tho;f;ifia ,aw;iff;F khWglhky; rpj;jhpf;f
Ntz;LtJ ehlfj;jpd; Kjd; Ntiy” vd;W ehlfj;jpd; ,yf;fzj;ij
tiuaWj;Jf; $wpAs;shh;.
ehlff;$Wfs; :
fijf;Nfhg;G> ghj;jpuk;> ciuahly;> gpd;dzp> tho;fi ; fapd;
NgUz;ikfs; Mfpait ehlfj;jpd; ,d;wpaikahj $Wfshf
mikfpd;wd.
147
ehl;baNtjk; :
gilg;Gf;flTshfpa gpuk;kd;> ,e;jpudpd;
Ntz;LNfhSf;fpzq;fp ,Uf;F Ntjj;jpypUe;J ciueiliaAk;>
rhkNtjj;jpypUe;J ,iriaAk;> a#HNtjj;jpypUe;J ebg;igAk;>
mjHtz Ntjj;jpypUe;J RitiaAk; vLj;J Ie;jhtJ Ntjkhf
ehl;baNtjj;ij mUspdhH. ,jd;gpd; gujKdptUk;> mtHjk; 100
rPlHfSk; ghujehl;by; Kjd;Kjyhf ebj;j ehlfk;> NjtHfs;
mRuHfis ntd;w nra;jpapd; mbg;gilapy; mike;jjhFk;. ,r;nra;jp
~rj]h `];hP| vd;w ehl;baNtjj;jpd; Kd;DiuahFk;.
njhy;fhg;gpak; :
ehlfk; jkpOf; F kpfTk; njhd; i kahdJ vd; g ij
njhy;fhg;gpaj;jpy;>
ehlf tof;fpDk; cyfpay; tof;fpDk;
ghly;rhd;w Gyndwp tof;fk;
vd;W Fwpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jdhy; njhy;fhg;gpaH fhyj;jpw;F
Kd;gpUe;Nj jkpopy; gy ehlf ,yf;fpa ,yf;fz E}y;fs;
,Ue;Js;sd. mbahHf;Fey;yhH rae;jk;> nrapw;wpak;> KWty;>
kjpthzH ehlfj;jkpo;> tpsf;fj;jhH $j;J> $j;jE}y; vd;w
ehlfE}y;fspd; ngaHfisf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whH.
rq;ffhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd; :
jkpo;ehl;il Mz;l Nrhog;NguurHfs; fhyj;jpy; mtHfsJ
tPutuyhw;iwr; rpj;jphpj;Jj; jkpo;ff ; tpQHfs; fhtpak; ghbdH. mit
ehlfkhfTk; ebf; f g; n gw; w d. khngUk; Nte; j dhf tpsq; f pa
uhruhrdpd; ntw;wp tho;itg; gw;wpa ~uh[uh[ tp[ak;| vd;w ehlfk;
jQ; i rf; N fhtpypy; ebf; f g; g l; l J. FNyhj; J q; f idg; gw; w pf;
~FNyhj;Jq;f Nrhoehlfk;| vd;w E}y; Njhd;wpaJ. fkyhyagl;lH
vd;gtH G+k;GypA+H ehlfk;| vd;w E}iy ,aw;wpdhH.
17> 18k; E}w;whz;L :
ehlfg;gz;G epiwe;j ,yf;fpaq;fshd FwtQ;rp> nehz;b>
gs;S Nghd;wd fp.gp. 17k; E}w;whz;by; Njhd;wpd.
jphp$luhrg;gf;ftpuhaH vOjpa Fw;whyf;FwtQ;rp> khhpKj;Jg;gps;is
vOjpa nehz;behlfk;> ,uhkehjf;ftpuhaH vOjpa rptiryg;gs;S
vd;gd ,yf;fpa tifiar; rhHe;jJ. mUzhryf;ftpuhaH vOjpa
,uhkehlfk;> Rthkpehjg;gps;is vOjpa ,uhkehlfk; vd;gd
,uhkhazj;ijf; nfhz;L vOe;j ehlfkhFk;. NfhghyfpU\;z
ghujpahhpd; ee;jd; rhpj;jpuk; Gfo;tha;e;jJ.
148
19k; E}w;whz;L :
kf;fspilNa toptopf; fijahff; $wg;gl;L te;jit rpy
ehlftbtk; ngw;wd. kJiutPud; tpyhrk;> ey;yjq;fhs; ehlfk;>
utptHkh Nghd;wit tuyhw;W epfo;r;rpfisf; nfhz;L vOjg;gl;l
ehlfq;fshFk;. fhrptpRtehjKjypahH vOjpa lk;ghr;rhhp tpyhrk;
jkpopy; vOe;j Kjy; r%f ehlfkhfj; jpfo;fpwJ. gpwnkhop E}y;fis
jkpopy; gyH nkhopngaHj;Js;sdH. N\r;];gpaH vOjpa rpk;gypd;
ehlfj;ijj; jkpopy; rj;jpatjp vd;w ngahpy; ,yf;Fkzg;gps;is
nkhopngaHj; J s; s hH. lhf; l H m. rpjk; g uehjH nrl; b ahH>
RthkpRj;jhde;j ghujpahH> NguhrphpaH ehuhazrhkp ehAL Nghd;NwhH
N\f;];gpaH ehlfq;fis nkhopngaHj;Js;sdH. rhFe;jyj;ij
kiwkiyabfSk;> kpUr;rfbfj;ij ~kz;zpay; rpWNjH| vd;w
ngahpy; fjpNurQ;nrl;bahUk; nkhopngaHj;Js;shH.
19k; E}w;whz;by; ehlf MrphpaHfs; :
fhg;gpag; gz;Gfs; epiwe;j xg;gw;w ehlfj;ij vOjpa
NguhrphpaH Re; j uk; g ps; i siar; rhUk; . ,tH ,aw; w pa E}y;
kNdhd;kzpak; MFk;. yhHLypl;ld; vd;ghH vOjpa The Secret
Way vd; w Mq; f pyf; ftpijia mbg; g ilahff; nfhz; L
kNdhd;kzpak; vOjg;gl;lJ. ghpjpkhw;fiyQH vd;w
tp.Nfh.#hpaehuhaz rh];jphpahH jkpo; ehlfj;jpw;F mUe;njhz;L
Mw;wpAs;shH. ehlftpay; vd;w ehlf ,yf;fzE}iy vOjpaNjhL
fyhtjp> &ghtjp> #Hg;gzif Nghd;w ehlfq;fisAk; gilj;Js;shH.
20k; E}w;whz;L ehlf MrphpaHfs;:
rq;fujh];Rthkpfs; mgpkd;a Re;jhp> my;yp mH[Pdh>
Nfhtyd; > rpWnjhz; l H> rpe; j hkzp> gtsf; n fhb> gpufyhjh>
ey;yjq;fhs;> kzpNkfiy Nghd;w ehlfq;fis vOjpatH. jkpo;
ehlfNkij vd;Wk;> jkpo; ehlfj; jiyikahrphpaH vd;Wk;
miof;fg;gl;lhH. gk;ky; rk;ge;jKjypahH RFztpyhr rig epWtp
ehlfq;fis muq;Nfw;wpdhH. tPuk;> fhjy;> murpay;> gf;jp> tha;ik
Nghd;w gz;GfSf;F Kjd;ik je;J ghj;jpuq;fisg; gilj;jhH.
kNdhfuh> rghgjp> Ntjhs cyfk;> nghd;tpyq;F> RNyhrdh rjp>
Gj;j mtjhuk; Nghd;w ehlfq;fis vOjpdhH. Mf;fk;> ebg;G>
,af;fk; vd;Dk; Kg;gzpapYk; Kj;jpiu gjpj;j ,tH jkpo;
ehlfj;je;ij vdg; Nghw;wg;gLfpd;whH. fpU\;zrhkpg;ghtyH ghy>
kNdhfu ehlf rgh mikj;jtH. mhpr;re;jpud;> ts;spj;jpUkzk;>
Njrpq;Fuh[d; Nghd;w ehlq;fshy; nghJkf;fspd; ghuhl;bidg;
ngw; w tH. Njrpaf; n fhb> gk; g ha; n kapy; Nghd; w ehlq; f s; t op
149
Njrpag;gw;iw kf;fspilNa gug;gpdhH. b.Nf.v];. RNfhjuHfs; =
ghyrz;Kfhee;j rgh Njhw;Wtpj;J ehlfg;gzp nra;jtHfs;. rq;fud;>
Kj;Jrhkp> rz;Kfk;> gftjp ehy;tUk; b.Nf.v];. rNfhjuHfs;
MtH. vd;.v];. fpU\;zd;> Nf.MH. uhkrhkp> vd;.vd;. uh[d;> v];.v];.
uhN[e;jpud; Nghd;w Gfo;ngw;w ebfHfis cUthf;fpa ngUik
,tHfSf;Fz;L. Fkh];jhtpd; ngz;> me;jkhd; ifjp Mfpa
ehlfq;fs; rpwg;Gj;jd;ik tha;e;jJ. mt;it jp.f. rz;Kfk; 74
ehlfq;fspy; 109 ghj;jpuq;fis Vw;W ebj;j GfOf;FhpatH. rq;fujh];
Rthkpfs;> fpU\;zrhkpg;ghtyH MfpNahhplk; gapw;rp ngw;wtH.
ebg;Gj;jpwj;jhy; mt;it vd;Dk rpwg;Gg;gl;lk; ngw;wtH. vdJ
ehlf tho;f;if Nghd;w ehlff;fiy njhlHghd E}y;fisg;
gilj;jtH.
gpw ehlf MrphpaHfs; :
mwpQH mz;zh re;jpNuhjak; vd;Dk; gpur;rhu ehlfj;jpd;
%yk; ehlfg;gzpahw;wj; njhlq;fpatH. XH,uT> Ntiyf;fhhp>
re;jpuNkhfd;> ePjpNjtd;kaf;fk;> ey;yjk;gp Kjyhd r%f rPHj;jpUj;j
ehlfq;fis vOjpatH. jkpofj;jpd; ngHdhl;\h vd;w ngaiug;
ngw;wtH. fiyQH fUzhepjp ehlfj;Jiwapy; GJikiaAk;
jpUg; g j; i jiaAk; cz; l hf; f patH. xNuKj; j k; > J}f; F Nkil>
ke;jphpFkhhp> kzpkFlk;> cja#hpad;> nts;spf;fpoik Kjypa
ehlfq;fis vOjpatH. mq;fj ehlfq;fs; gilg;gjpy; jdpr;rpwg;G
ngw;wtH Nrh MthH. NeHik cwq;Fk; Neuk;> kdk; xU Fuq;F>
KfkJgpd; Jf;sf;> ahUf;Fk; ntl;fkpy;iy> tha;ikNa nty;Yk;
Nghd;w ehlfq;fs; vOjpdhH. Nf. ghyr;re;jH ehzy;> ePHf;Fkpop>
nkOFtHj;jp> vjpHePr;ry;> rHtH Re;juk; Nghd;w ehlfq;fis
vOjpatH. gp.v];.uhikah rpwe;j ehlf MrphpaH. NjNuhl;b kfd;>
NghyP];fhud;kfs;> G+tpyq;F vd;w ehlq;fis vOjpatH. mU.
,uhkehjd
,uhkehjd; ,uh[,uh[ Nrhod; vd;w xg;gw;w caHngUk; ehlfj;ijg;
gilj;jtH. ,e;jpuh ghHj;jrhujp NjHe;j ehlf MrphpaH. xsuq;frPg;>
,uhkhE[H Nghd;w ehlfq;fis vOjpatH. V.vd;. ngUkhs; ghy;kjp>
gdpnkhop> gPyptis Nghd;w ehlfj;ij vOjpdhH. MW. mofg;gd d;
ehlfg; gilg;Gg;gzpapy; Fwpg;gplj; jFe;jtH. tuyhW> tho;f;if
tuyhW> r%fk;> ,yf;fpak;> vs;sy; vd;Dk; Itif jd;ikapy;
ehlfq; f s; gilj; J s; s hH. jpUkiy ehaf; f H> jpUts; S tH>
Kj;Jr;rpg;gp vd;w ehlfE}iy vOjpdhH.
150
ghujpjhrd; gy;fiyf;fofk;
khjphp tpdhj;jhs;> 2018
kjpg;Gf;fy;tp (2018-2019)
Neuk; : 3 kzp kjpg;ngz; : 75
gFjp m (10X2=20)
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp:-
1. nka;apay; vd;gij tiuaW.
2. mikjp vd;gJ vd;d?
3. rKjhak; vd;why; vd;d?
4. RTI - tphpthf;fk;?
5. EfHNthH ghJfhg;G FOf;fisf; $W.
6. gd;dhl;L nrQ;rpYit rq;fk; gw;wp Fwpg;G vOJf.
7. gz;ghl;L chpikfs; vd;why; vd;d?
8. Nahfk; gw;wp Fwpg;G vOJf.
9. kdpj chpik mikg;Gfs; gw;wp Fwpg;G vOJf.
10. jkpo;ehL muRg; gzpahsH NjHthizak; gw;wp Fwpg;G vOJf.
gFjp M (5X5=25)
midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp:-
11. (m) FLk;gj;jpy; mikjpia epUtpg;gjpy; ts;Sthpd; gq;F vd;d?
(my;yJ)
(M) jpUf;Fws; fhl;Lk; rNfhjuj;Jt jd;ikia tpsf;Ff.
12. (m) EfHNthhpd; chpikfs; vd;ndd;d? (my;yJ)
(M) kdpj chpikfspd; cyfshtpa cWjpaspg;gpid tpsf;Ff.
13. (m) khDl tho;f;ifapy; kdpjdpd; chpikapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij
tpsf;Ff.
(my;yJ)
(M) Foe;ij njhopyhsHfis gw;wp tpthp.
14. (m) kfspH chpik gw;wp Ma;f. (my;yJ)
(M) Njrpa kdpj chpikfs; Mizak; gw;wp tpthp.
15. (m) ,e;jpa EfHNthH ghJfhg;Gr;rl;lk; 1986 gw;wp vOJ. (my;yJ)
(M) jkpo;ehL muRg; gzpahsH NjHthizaj;jpd; nray;ghl;bid
tpthp.
gFjp , (3X10=30)
vitNaDk; %d;W tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp:-
16. jpUf;Fwspy; fhZk; rKjha kjpg;gPLfs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu tiuf.
17. kdpj chpikapd; mikg;Gfs; Fwpj;J xU fl;Liu tiuf.
18. jfty; mwpAk; chpikr; rl;lk;> 2005 gw;wp tpsf;fkhf vOJf.
19. m\;lhq;f Nahfq;fis gw;wp tpthp.
20. EfHNthH ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk;> 1986 tpsf;Ff.
151
±_Ô^
˛Á¶¬zD ÷¶∫Ô^
1. irt rpjj
; he;j E}w;gjpgG; f;fofk;> jpUr;rp. - 9976714117
2. KUfd; Gf; nrd;lH> jpUr;rp. - 9944144222
3. gp.MH. rd;]; Gf; nrd;lH> jpUr;rp. - 9443370597
4. epA+ nrQ;Rhp Gf; `T];> jpUr;rp. - 9443778719
5. tp];th]; Gf; nrd;lH> jpUr;rp. - 2703743
6. uhrp gg;spNf\d;];> jpUr;rp. - 2703692
7. Fkud; Gf; nrd;lH> jpUr;rp. - 9578244289
8. kNdhd;kzp tpyh\;> jpUth&H. - 9443491894
9. KUfd; Gf; nrd;lH> jQ;rht+u;. - 9944144333
10 vy;.Nf.Mu; Gf; nrd;lh;> jQ;rht+u;. - 233109
11. rPdpth]; Gf; nrd;lH> jQ;rht+u;. - 9486332314
12. RSV Gf; `T];> xuj;jehL. - 9942968475
13. murp Gj;jf epiyak;> gl;Lf;Nfhl;il - 252718
14. Re;jNurd; & rd;];> gl;Lf;Nfhl;il - 9843230750
15. gdpkyH Gj;jf epiyak;> nguk;gY}H. - 9894897568
16. JK Gf; ];lhy;> Fk;gNfhzk;. - 9486260395
17. khu;ff
; z;Nlah Gf; nrd;lH> Fk;gNfhzk;. - 9488337750
18. PV ehjd; Nfh Gf; nry;yH\;> Fk;gNfhzk;. - 9443203131
19. = ghyh[p Gf;]>; Fk;gNfhzk;. - 9865768502
20. Ky;iy Gf; ];Nlhh;> ed;dpyk; - 9486991571
21. kA+uh Gj;jf epiyak;> kapyhLJiw. - 9443853768
22. ,sq;Nfh E}yfk;> kapyhLJiw. - 9487033414
23. ghyh[p ];NlhH> ,yhy;Fb. - 9150013474
24. Gf;]; ghh;f;> f&u; - 241953
25. thzp Gf; \hg;> f&u; - 264291
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