Third Periodical Test

Read the following passages carefully before you choose or write your answer. You may
work on the multiple-choice questions in any order that you choose. Be sure to allocate
your time carefully so you are able to complete the entire test within the testing session.
Go over the test when you are finished. When you go over the test, make sure you read the
question correctly and that you answered what it asked. CLICK "SUBMIT" WHEN YOU ARE
SURE TO YOUR ANSWERS.

*Required

1. Email *

2. Where does the word disaster come from? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Greek word

Latin word

French word

German word
3. What is the difference between a natural hazard and a natural disaster? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

A natural hazard affects more than one location; a natural disaster only affects one.

A natural hazard has the potential to cause harm; a natural disaster actually does it.

Natural disasters are more severe than natural hazards; they affect more people or
more property.

Natural disasters cannot be predicted; natural hazards can.

4. Disasters frequently result in all of the following EXCEPT... 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Damage to the ecological environment

Displacement of populations

Disruption in the functioning of the community

Sustained public attention during the recovery phase

5. What do you call the dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or 1 point
condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts,
property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social and economic
disruption or environmental damage?

Mark only one oval.

Hazard

Exposure

Disaster

Risk
6. How would you describe the psychological impact of a disaster? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

The death of the people in a community.

The loss of cultural identity among the community.

The widespread loss of housing.

The presence of grief and psychological trauma in the aftermath of a disaster.

7. Which of the following would likely demonstrate a vulnerability? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

It is having a strong community organizations.

It is the unsafe housing design and construction of a building.

It is the local knowledge and skills of a community.

Having an adequate food and income sources of a community.

8. Risk is comprised of three elements. Which of these choices? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Hazards, Alarm and Threats

Alert, Panic and Alarm

Hazard, Exposure and Vulnerability

Vulnerability, Threats and Susceptibility

9. Why do people live and work in locations that are highly vulnerable to 1 point
natural disasters?

Mark only one oval.

Because they have been there since civilization begun.

Because they're not aware of the danger.

Because the soil around some natural hazards is often fertile (e.g., volcanoes and
floodplains).

All of these choices

10. How would you portray a disaster? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

A burning house with five family members who are all at work during the incident.

A community flooded because of typhoon and the citizens are staying in an

evacuation center.

A grade one student who got food poison from the spoiled food he ate.

A couple who got involved in a vehicular accident on their way home and suffered
minor injuries
11. Which of the following statements best describes the occurrence of natural 1 point
geologic events?

Mark only one oval.

The frequency of catastrophic geologic events is increasing with time.

The occurrence of most natural geologic events can be predicted to within 24 hours.

Most natural geologic events happen at a constant rate.

Most events are episodic, separated by long times with little action

12. Which of the following statement is/are TRUE about disaster? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

It is the product of exposure to hazard and vulnerability over the capacity of the
community.

It could be aggravated by lack of knowledge and preparedness.

It can be lessen by capacitating the individuals and community on the possible

hazards.

All of the above

13. Why does hazard mapping have to be considered for hazard 1 point
identification?

Mark only one oval.

To estimate the risk

To calculate exposure

To know the probability of occurrence

All of the above

14. Which of the following statements is true about natural disasters and 1 point
catastrophes?

Mark only one oval.

The cost of natural disasters has decreased in recent decades as society is better able to
defend against them.

The cost of natural disasters has remained constant even though more natural disasters
are happening.

The cost of natural disasters has risen in the last few decades because natural disasters
happen more often.

The cost of natural disasters has risen in the last few decades because more people are
in harm's way.
15. Why is it beneficial to be able to predict when and where natural hazards 1 point

will occur?

Mark only one oval.

Communities can be notified to evacuate.

So that we can stop them from happening again

So that scientists know where to go in order to study them

So that we can harness their power for renewable energy

16. The four main categories of natural hazards according to Hewitt and 1 point
Burton are…

Mark only one oval.

Biologic, man-made, geologic and atmospheric

Ecological, geomorphlogical, atmospheric and biological

Geologic, atmospheric, hydrologic and biologic

Environmental, cultural, natural and geologic

17. Which of the following instances does NOT make the Philippines more 1 point
vulnerable to disasters?

Mark only one oval.

The Philippines is comprised of islands.

Philippines is politically divided.

The country is near the pacific ring of fire.

Filipinos are resilient from disasters.

18. When is a large event such as a major earthquake, not a disaster? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

when it happens in a far away country that we do not care about

when it happens to less than 10,000 people

when it happens to less than 1,000 people

when it happens in an area without any people

19. What kind of key hazard parameter uses words representing a range of 1 point
values to characterize visual observations?

Mark only one oval.

Quantitative which is magnitude in nature by an earthquake

Qualitative which is intensity in nature by an earthquake

Speed of the onset of an earthquake

Duration of the hazard of an earthquake which make take two weeks to experience
aftershocks

20. Which of the following is an environmental hazard created by humans? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Air pollution

Flood

Hurricane

Drought
21. Rock underground suddenly breaks along a fault causing tectonic 1 point

movement, causing what natural hazard?

Mark only one oval.

Volcanic Eruption

Cyclone

Earthquake

Hurricane

22. During an earthquake, soil and water can combine to form a semi-solid 1 point
material in a process called _____.

Mark only one oval.

liquification

liquefying

liquefaction

quicksanding

23. Which natural disaster is the sliding down of a mass of earth or rock from 1 point
a mountain or cliff?

Mark only one oval.

Landslide

Tsunami

Avalanche

Tornado
24. Which of the following is NOT a variable/factor that aggravates or 1 point

mitigates the effects of hazards, affecting the degree or scope of a

disaster?

Mark only one oval.

Physical

Socio-cultural

Economic

None of the above

25. Which of the following statements best describes the state of earthquake 1 point
prediction?

Mark only one oval.

Scientists can accurately predict the time and location of almost all earthquakes

Scientists can accurately predict the time and location of about 50% of all earthquakes

Scientists can accurately predict when an earthquake will occur, but not where

Scientists can characterize the seismic risk of an area, but cannot yet accurately predict
most earthquakes
26. How would you explain the impact of a disaster on the environment? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

The loss of cultural identity among the community.

The presence of grief and psychological trauma in the aftermath of a disaster.

The death of the people in a community.

The loss of forest due to forest fires

27. How would you explain vulnerability? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

It is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, asset that make it

susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.

It is the combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a
community, society or organization that can be used to achieve goals.

It is the degree to which a community is likely to experiment hazard events of different

magnitude.

It is the presence of grief and psychological trauma in the aftermath of a disaster.

28. SARS-CoV-2 is an example of a biological hazard that has become a 1 point

disaster. How would you elaborate on the biological perspective in

disaster?

Mark only one oval.

Preparedness had to include public health and hospital personnel in its responder
definition.

Poorly governed societies and weak states are almost certain to exhibit
deficiencies in disaster governance.

A basic priority for a country is a unified emergency response to disaster.

A marketing approach should be based on an understanding of the factors that act

29. How would you differentiate exposure and vulnerability? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Vulnerability is the characteristics and circumstances that make a society

susceptible to a hazard while exposure is the degree to which a community is likely to
experiment hazard events of different magnitude.

Vulnerability is the characteristics and circumstances that make a society

susceptible to a hazard while exposure is the presence of grief and psychological
trauma in the aftermath of a disaster.

Exposure is the degree to which a community is likely to experiment hazard events

of different magnitude while the vulnerability is the loss of cultural identity among the
community.

30. Select from the following list, all of the factors that affect the intensity of 3 points

ground shaking. There are four possible answers. Clicking more than that
would make a deduction.

Tick all that apply.

The magnitude of the earthquake

Rather or not the moon is full
The distance from the epicenter
The local geological conditions
Constructing seismic hazard maps
Developing Contingency Plan during emergencies
31. Select from the following list the factors that must be in place before 3 points

liquefaction can occur? There are three possible answers. Deductions

would be applied when you click more.

Tick all that apply.

Loose, granular sediment and/or soil must be present

There must be enough ground water present to saturate sediment and/or soils
Ground shaking must be sufficiently intense that grains within water saturated
sediment and/or soil lose contact with each other
Hard rocks that ring during ground shaking must be present
Fractures within hard rock must be filled with ground water

32. Enacting Building Codes will ensure their effectiveness as a Disaster Risk 1 point
Reduction Tool.

Mark only one oval.

True

False

33. Which of the following are the stakeholders when managing any kind of 1 point

disasters?

Mark only one oval.

Central Government - The Philippine Government

National Disaster Offices - National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

Council (NDRRMC) and other Gov't agencies

The community - All Filipinos

All of the above are stakeholders in managing disaster

34. Which of the following measures an earthquake's intensity based on the 1 point

observed effects on people and structures?

Mark only one oval.

Richter scale

Modified Mercalli scale

the Centigrade scale

the moment magnitude scale

35. What can cause a tsunami? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Landslide

Underwater earthquake

Volcanic eruption

All of the above

36. What is the most active tsunami area? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Pacific Ocean

Caribbean Sea

Indian Ocean

North Atlantic Ocean

37. Why do you suppose there has been an overall increase in the number of 1 point

deaths and monetary losses related to earthquake disasters on Earth?

Mark only one oval.

The magnitudes of ground shaking events are increasing.

Events are better documented in the past than today.

Human populations are increasing in areas of risk.

None of the above.

38. Which of these coastal regions has the most destructive effect by the tsunami 1 point

on villagers when it strikes?

Mark only one oval.

A straight stretch of coast directly exposed to the open sea

A rocky point protruding into the ocean in deep water

A bay with a nice sandy beach at its end

A long line of sea walls along the beach

39. The movement of earthy materials from higher regions to lower regions 1 point

due to gravitational pulls is called ________________ .

Mark only one oval.

Earthquake

Soil erosion

Landslide

Cyclone

40. Right after an earthquake, where should you evacuate if you are near a 1 point

large body of water?

Mark only one oval.

The closest shelter

The nearest tall tree

Higher ground

Your car

41. While an earthquake is taking place you should: 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Stop, Drop, and Roll

Drop, Cover, and Hold On

42. If the debris within a landslide mixes with enough water it can trigger 1 point

which of the following volcanic hazards?

Mark only one oval.

Lahars

Solification

Debris flow

Creep
43. Where’s the best place to hide during an earthquake? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

under a very sturdy table

beneath a doorway

in the bath tub

next to the wall

44. While driving, you notice the road starts to shake. What do you do? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Drive home as quickly as possible.

Drive to a wide open field.

Pull over and stop.

Immediately exit the car and walk to safety.

45. What makes lava flow one of the less deadly volcanic processes? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

It is clearly visible from miles away, so can be easy to avoid.

It flows very slowly, moving perhaps a few miles within an hour.

It contains less toxic and life threatening gases.

It is far cooler than other types of volcanic hazards.

46. Why are more people likely to die when a volcanic eruption occurs in a 1 point

poor country?

Mark only one oval.

They don't have the technology to monitor volcanoes closely

They don't have the resources to support the populations affected

Poor communications and infrastructure make evacuation slow and inefficient

All of the above

47. Which of the following event pairs has the greatest potential to kill people 1 point

located near the erupting volcano?

Mark only one oval.

Lava flow and tephra

debris avalanches and lahar

pyroclastic flows and tephra falls

lahar and pyroclastic flows

48. Which of the following strategies is possibly the least effective in 1 point

mitigating volcanic hazards?

Mark only one oval.

Monitoring and prediction

Hazard assessments based on past records and activities

Public education and training

Building lahar traps

49. What are the dangers of lahars? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

The superheated pyroclastic flow can kill people and wildlife in its path. The
boulders that follow can flatten trees, destroy buildings and pose a risk to human life.

It’s speed and weight can destroy buildings and other objects. Humans can get
swept away or drown. Riverbanks will overflow and crops by riverbanks will be
destroyed.

Extremely hot gases, ash and rock that move down the volcano and lighting speed.
The boulders that follow the pyroclastic flows have highly destructive force and can
flatten objects.

A rushing flow of volcanic ash mixed with water, lahar’s are common in snow or
glacier capped mountains.They are very dense and move extremely quickly.
50. What are the dangers of a lava bomb? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Air borne materials that if they are hot enough they could clump together to form
pyroclastic material or tuffs.

The molten lava can start fires in trees, houses and buildings. The fires poses a
threat to human life

Could crash into building an damage them severely. May hit people and cause
serious injury or death

A rushing flow of volcanic ash mixed with water, lahars are common in snow or
glacier capped mountains.They are very dense and move extremely quickly

51. What are the dangers of pyroclastic flow? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

It’s speed and weight can destroy buildings and other objects. Humans can get
swept away or drown. Riverbanks will overflow and crops by riverbanks will be destroyed

Extremely hot gases, ash and rock that move down the volcano and lighting speed.
The boulders that follow the pyroclastic flows have highly destructive force and can
flatten objects.

Smooth, glassy blobs of basaltic lava which cool as they fly through the air, they
come in many shapes and sizes, some even as big as boulders

The superheated pyroclastic flow can kill people and wildlife in its path. The
boulders that follow can flatten trees, destroy buildings and pose a risk to human life.
52. Match the following words on the left side with those on top. Check the box 5 points

that appropriately related to those words above.

Tick all that apply.

Lava Pyroclastic Lava

Tephra Lahar
flow flow bomb

A rushing flow of volcanic ash mixed

with water, lahar’s are common in
snow or glacier capped
mountains.They are very desne and
move extremely quickly

Smooth, glassy blobs of basaltic lava

which cool as they fly through the air,
they come in many shapes and sizes,
some even as big as boulders

Extremely hot gases, ash and rock

that move down the volcano and
lighting speed. The boulders that
follow the pyroclastic flows have
highly destructive force and can
flatten objects.

Air borne materials that if they are hot

enough they could clump together to
form pyroclastic material or tuffs.

A flowing river of molten rock known

as lava
53. Tephra is a generic term for any airborne pyroclastic accumulation. What 1 point
are the dangers of tephra

Mark only one oval.

A rushing flow of volcanic ash mixed with water, lahar’s are common in snow or
glacier capped mountains.They are very desne and move extremely quickly

Extremely hot gases, ash and rock that move down the volcano and lighting speed.
The boulders that follow the pyroclastic flows have highly destructive force and can
flatten objects.

Covers crops and plants and cause them to die. Stays in the stratosphere for some
time and can stop air traffic. Large amounts of it can fall onto building, causing the
building to collapse under it immense weight

It’s speed and weight can destroy buildings and other objects. Humans can get
swept away or drown. Riverbanks will overflow and crops by riverbanks will be destroyed

54. Which pandemic is considered the deadliest in history have killed 30 to 60 1 point

per cent of Europe's population?

Mark only one oval.

The Black Death

Spanish Flu

Caragea's plague

1772 Persia plague

55. The Black Death was another name for what famous pandemic? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Asian flu

London plague

Bubonic plague

Groningen epidemic
56. The flu pandemic of 1918 killed an estimated 50 million deaths worldwide. 1 point

What is that pandemic?

Mark only one oval.

The Asian flu of 1918

Plague of Justinian of 1918

The Hong Kong flu 1918

Spanish flu 1118

57. SARS is an acute form of what kind of infection? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Rubella

Bronchitis

Pneomonia

Meningitis

58. What is the difference between a pandemic and an epidemic? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

An epidemic lasts for a shorter period of time than a pandemic

An epidemic is in one city, region, or country, whereas a pandemic spreads beyond

borders.

An epidemic primarily affects children, whereas a pandemic affects everyone

In an epidemic, the disease continues at a stable rate of cases for a long period of
time, whereas a pandemic is a new surge
59. What Chinese city was considered the epicenter of the coronavirus (COVID-19) 1 point

outbreak?

Mark only one oval.

Beijing

Zhouzhuang

Chongqing

Wuhan

60. What does COVID-19 stand for? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Community Outbreak Virus in December 2019

Community Viral Disease 2019

Coronavirus Disease 2019

China Outbreak Virus in December 2019

61. What is the meaning of the "novel" in the term 'Novel Coronavirus'? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Deadly

High Ranking

Old

Not seen before

62. The coronavirus of 2020 is incredibly contagious. Which of these features 1 point
makes it particularly dangerous?

Mark only one oval.

It’s resistant to antibiotics

People can be infected without showing symptoms

The virus can stay alive for months outside of a host

It mutates incredibly quickly

63. When did COVID-19 first appear in international news? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

October 2019

November 2019

December 2019

January 2020

64. What part(s) of the body does the virus affect? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Immune system

Lungs

Throat

Respiratory system
65. Which is NOT a common symptom reported by those who have become 1 point

infected?

Mark only one oval.

Fatigue

Fever

Cough

Diarhhea

66. Which of these is one of the main symptoms of the virus? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Vomiting

Stomach pain

Difficulty of breathing

Headache

67. Which of these is the most important to keep yourself healthy and protected 1 point

against the SARS-CoV-19?

Mark only one oval.

Wearing a face mask

Prohibiting travel

Taking antibiotics

Washing your hands

68. Who’s at highest risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

Children

Teenager

People over 60 years of age

Those with existing medical conditions.

69. Is there a cure for the SARS-CoV-19? 1 point

Mark only one oval.

No

Yes

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