NSS Mathematics in Action - 5A05 - Exercise - E

5 Applications of Trigonometry in 2-dimensional Problems
5 Applications of
Trigonometry in 2-
dimensional Problems
Review Exercise 5 (p. 5.5) 8. In △ABD,

(Pyth. theorem)
1. (Pyth. theorem)
Consider the area of △ABD, we have
2.
9. In △ABD,
3.
In △ACD,
4. Consider the area of △ABC, we have
In △ABD,
5. Consider the area of △ABC, we have
6. 10. In △ABC,
Area of △ABC
7. In △BCD,
(Pyth. theorem)
Maths Dialogue
Maths Dialogue (p. 5.34)

1. By the sine formula,
In △ABD,
152
NSS Mathematics in Action (2nd Edition) 5A Full Solutions
By the cosine formula,
When we use the sine formula to find an angle, two values

of the angle are obtained. When we use the cosine formula
to find an angle, only one value of the angle is obtained.
2. When the cosine formula is used, the value of the cosine

ratio determines the unknown angle uniquely. However,
when the sine formula is used, two possible solutions are
found and we need to check whether a solution is valid or
not.
Classwork
Classwork (p. 5.9)
(a) Area
(b)
(c)
(d)
Classwork (p. 5.40)

1.
With the notations in the figure,
∴ The angle of elevation of C from A is 70.

∵ The angle of depression of A from B = the angle of
elevation of B from A
∴ The angle of depression of A from B
153
2. (b) (i)

(ext.∠ of △) ∴ The required true bearing is 048.
(ii)
∴ The angle of elevation of A from B is 55.
∴ The angle of depression of B from A is 55.
Classwork (p. 5.46)

1. Compass bearing 180 + 62 = 242
Point True bearing from O
from O ∴ The required true bearing is 242.
A (iii)
B
C
D
E
2. (a) (i)
360  28 = 332

∴ The required true bearing is 332.
3. (a) (i) 90  65 = 25

∴ The required compass bearing is S25E.
(ii) 90 + 65 = 155
∴ The required compass bearing is N50E.
(ii) (b) (i) 90  40 = 50
∴ The required compass bearing is N50W.
(ii) 270 + 40 = 310
Quick Practice
Quick Practice 5.1 (p. 5.7)
180  120 = 60 Area of △ABC

∴ The required compass bearing is S60E.
(iii)

∵ (given)
∴ Area of △ABC
250  180 = 70

∴ The required compass bearing is S70W.
154
Area of △PQR

∵ PQRS is a parallelogram.
∴
Area of PQRS = 2  area of △PQR
Let .
Area of △ABC
Let .
Area of △ABC
Also, area of △ABC

(a) By the sine formula,
155
(b) By the sine formula,
∴
(a)
By the sine formula,
∵ for all values of B.

∴ There are no solutions for B.
(c) By the sine formula,
(b) ∴
By the sine formula, (d) By the sine formula,


156
∴ (b) By the cosine formula,


∴ B= (cor. to 1 d.p.)
or 160.5 (rejected)
(a) In △PQR,

(a) The largest angle of △PQR is R.
(b) Consider △PRS.

= 114.9 (cor. to 1 d.p.)
∴ The largest angle of △PQR is 114.9.
(b) The smallest angle of △PQR is Q.

∵
∴ △PRS is a right-angled triangle, where
. (converse of Pyth. theorem)
Area of quadrilateral PQRS
= area of △PQR + area of △PRS
∴ The smallest angle of △PQR is 30.3.

(a) In △ABD, by the cosine formula,

(a) By the cosine formula,
In △BCD, by the sine formula,
157
In △TDE,
∴ The distance between D and T is 262.7 m.
(b) (adj. ∠s on st. line)

(b) In △ACD, by the cosine formula, In △FDT, by the cosine formula,

(a)
In △ABC, by the sine formula,
∴ The distance between A and C is 362.5 m.
(b) In △ACD, CAD = 35 (alt.s, EC // AD)
∴ The height of the building CD is 207.9 m.

(a)
158
By the sine formula, (b)

consider △ATB.
∴ The angle of elevation of T from F is

(alt. ∠s, PQ // RO)
Consider △ABO.
(adj. ∠s on
st. line)
∴ The compass bearing of boat A from boat B is

(a)
In △ATB, by the cosine formula,
∴ Average speed of the car
159

∴
(alt. ∠s, PQ // RT)
(adj. ∠s on st.
line)
∴ The car moves from A to B in the direction of
Further Practice
Further Practice (p. 5.10)

1. ∵ ABCD is a rhombus.
∴ (property of rhombus)
Area of rhombus ABCD area of △ABC
∴ The side of rhombus ABCD is 6.83 cm.
2. Area of △PRS
= area of △PQS – area of △PQR

1. (a) ∵ Perimeter of △PQR = 45 cm
(b)
Let ,
where a = 15 cm, b = 18 cm and c = 12 cm.
160
Area of △PQR
2. In △SPR,
area of △SPR
In △PQR,
let , where a = 12 cm, b = 15 cm and c = 12 cm.
Area of △PQR
∴ Area of quadrilateral PQRS

area of △SPR + area of △PQR

1. (a) By the sine formula,
161
(alt. ∠s, AD //
BC)
When
When
2. (a) In △BCD,
162
Area of trapezium ABCD In △ABD, by the sine formula,

= area of △BCD + area of △ABD

1. (a) By the cosine formula,
Exercise
(b) By the cosine formula,

Exercise 5A (p. 5.10)
Level 1
1. (a) Area of △
(b) Area of △
2. (a) BC = BA = 7 cm
Area of △
(b) ∵ AC = AB = 5 cm (given)
2. ∴ (base ∠s, isos. △)
In △BCD, by the cosine formula,
Area of △
163
(b) Area of △
3. (a) Area of △
6. Note that BAC is the included angle of AB and AC.
(b) Area of △
4. (a) Area of △
(b) Area of △
5. (a) Area of
△
164
7. Note that PQR is the included angle of PQ and QR.
12. (a) Area of the shaded region

= area of sector OAB  area of △OAB
(b) Reflex (s at a pt.)
8. (property of rhombus)
Area of ABCD
= 2  area of △ABC
9. ∵ ABCD is a parallelogram.
∴
Area of ABCD
= 2  area of △ACD
10. AD = BC (opp. sides of //gram)

∵ Area of parallelogram ABCD
11. Area of quadrilateral ABCD

= area of △ACD + area of △ABC
=
165
With the notations in the figure, (base s, isos. △)
( sum of
△)
Area of the shaded region (alt. s, AD // BC)

= area of sector OACB + area of △OAB
13. Area of △
∵ (given)
∴ The possible integral values of are 54, 55, 56, 57,

58.
Level 2
14.
Area of △ABC
= area of △BCD + area of △ABD
15. Area of QRST

= area of △PRS  area of △PQT
16. ∵ △ABC is an isosceles triangle.

∴ AC = BC = 9 cm
166
Area of trapezium ABCD

= area of △ABC + area of △ACD
20. Area of △
17. (vert. opp. ∠s)
∵ Area of △AEB = area of △CED
(given)
area of △BAD + area of △CAD
18. Consider △ABD.

(Pyth. theorem)
∵ Area of △ABD = area of △BCD

21. (a) Area of △
(b) Total area of the three equilateral triangles
19. (diags. of // gram)

∵ The total area of the three equilateral triangles is
greater than that of the triangular paper ABC.
∴ The three equilateral triangles cannot be cut off
from the triangular paper ABC.
(diags. of // gram) 22.
Area of the shaded region

= area of sector OAE  area of △OAE
Area of parallelogram ABCD

= 4  area of △CDK
23. (given)

= area of sector OAB  area of △OCB
167
Area of △ABC
24. (a) Area of △
2. Let , where a  14 cm, b  15 cm and
c  13 cm.
(b) (i)
(ii) Area of △QRT
(c) Similarly,
area of △
area of △

= area of △PQT + area of △QRT +
area of △PTS + area of △STR
Exercise 5B (p. 5.17)

Level 1
c  7 cm.
168
Area of △ABC
c  15 cm.
Area of △ABC
4. Let , where a  5.4 cm, b  6.8 cm and
c  9.8 cm.
Area of △ABC
c  7 cm.
Area of
6. Let , where a = 26 m, b = 37 m and c = 21 m.
Area of △ABC
169
9.
7.
Join PR.
In △PRS,
Let , where a  18 m, b  25 m and

c  23 m.
Consider △PQR.
∴ Let , where p  5 cm, q  10 cm and
r  7 cm.
Area of
∴
Also, area of △PQR
8.
10.
Let , where a  14 cm, b  10 cm and
c  20 cm.
Join AC.
∴ In △ACB,
(Pyth. theorem)
Area of
Consider △ACD.
Let .
∴
Also, area of △PQR
Level 2
170
Area of △ABC
Area of △
(b) (i) Area of △ABC
11. (a)
(ii) In △ABH,
Let .
12.
Join OB.
Consider △OBA.
OB  OA  8 cm
Let .
Consider △OCB.
OC  OB  8 cm
Let .
Area of quadrilateral OCBA
171
13.
∴
Join AD and AC.

In △ADE,
(Pyth. theorem) 15.
In △ABC,
(Pyth. theorem) With the notations in the figure,
(opp. sides of //gram)
Consider △ACD.
Consider △BCE.
Let .
∴
c  17 cm.
Let h be the height of △BCE.
Area of △BCE
14.
Area of parallelogram ADCE
∴ Area of trapezium ABCD

= area of parallelogram ADCE + area of △BCE
Draw AE  BC and DF  BC.

∵ AD // BC
∴ AE  DF
16. (a) Radius of semi-circle
Consider △ABC.
c  6 cm. Consider △OCD.
172
Let , where a  5 cm, b  4 cm and 3.
c  6 cm.
∴
(b)
(c) 6. By the sine formula,
∴ Area of the shaded region

area of △ODC
Exercise 5C (p. 5.26)

Level 1
173
13.

∵ sin B  1 for all values of B.
14.
15.
174
By the sine formula, 18. Consider B = 90, and by the sine formula,
16.
∴
Similarly, we can find that if B = 30, then
b = 6 cm ,
C = 120,
c=
(or any other reasonable answers)
Level 2
If c = 1, then .
If , then .
∴ Possible solutions are
or
(or any other reasonable answers)
175
(b) By the sine formula, (b) By the sine formula,
When When
By the sine formula, By the sine formula,
When When
By the sine formula, By the sine formula,
20. (a) By the sine formula, 21. (a) By the sine formula,
∵ sin A  1 for all values of A.

∴ There are no solutions for A.
176
22. In △ABC, by the sine formula,
In △ACD, by the sine formula,
23. In △ABD,
( sum of △)
(int. s, AD //
177
BC) By the sine formula,
26. (a) In △ACD, by the sine formula,

24. In △ABC, by the sine formula,
In △ACD, by the sine formula,
25. In △ABM,
( sum
of △)
In △ABC,
( sum
of △)
178
(b) ∵ By the sine formula,
∴ (base s, isos. △)
In △ABD,
(ext.  of △)
Let .
Area of △ABC
29.
(b) ( sum
Let E be a point on BC such that ABED is a parallelogram.
DEC  ABC  72 (corr. s, AB // DE)
of △) In △CDE, by the sine formula,
In △ABD,
(
sum of △)
∴ Perimeter of trapezium ABCD

∵
∴ D is not the mid-point of BC.
28. Consider △ACD.

( sum of
30. ∵ ABGF and CDEG are two squares.
∴ BGF = 90, CGE = 90, BG = FG and
CG = EG = cm
△) Consider △BCG.
179
( sum of By the sine formula,
△)
(∠s at a pt.)
Area of hexagon ABCDEF

= area of △BCG + area of ABGF + area of △EFG +
area of CDEG
Exercise 5D (p. 5.36)

Level 1
1. By the cosine formula,
180
11. The largest angle of △ABC is C.

∴ The largest angle of △ABC is 66.0.
12. The smallest angle of △PQR is P.

∴ The smallest angle of △PQR is 48.4.
13. (int. s, AD // BC)

AD = BC = 12 cm (opp. sides of // gram)
Consider △ABD.
Level 2
14. In △BCD, by the cosine formula,
181
In △ABD, by the cosine formula, Consider △ABC.

15.
Join AC.
In △ABC, by the cosine formula,
In △ACD, by the cosine formula,
16. Consider △ABC.

(vert. opp.
∠s)
Consider △CDE.
17. Consider △ABD.

182
Consider △ACD.
18. Area of △ABC
(b)
∴ Perimeter of △ABC
20.
Area of
183
21. (a) ∵ B is an obtuse angle.

∴
∴ The acute angle between the diagonals is 71.0.

23. (a) Consider △ABC.
∴
∴ The possible values of x are 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12.
(b) ∵ C is an obtuse angle.
(b) Consider △CMN.

∴
∴ The possible values of x are 18, 19, 20, 21 and
22.
22. ∵ ABCD is a parallelogram.

∴ AD  BC  8 cm (opp. sides of // gram)
AB = DC  11 cm (opp. sides of // gram)
(int. s, AD // BC)
Consider △ABD.
Consider △ADC.
(given)
Consider △ABC.
∵ ABCD is a parallelogram.
∴ (diags. of // gram)
∴
(diags. of // gram)
Consider △BCK.
184
Consider △ABE.
(b)
Consider △BCD.
Consider △BDE.
Let .
Join BE and BD. ∴
Area of the region

 area of △ABE + area of △BDE  area of △BCD

(b) Consider △ABC.

185
Consider △ABM.
(c) (given)
Consider △ABC.
∴ BM does not bisect
Exercise 5E (p. 5.43)

Level 1
1. (a) In △ABT,
(adj. ∠s on st.
line)
∴ The distance between A and T is 302 m.
(b) In △AHT,
∴ The height of the tower TH is 128 m.
186

2. (a)
In △ABD,
(b) In △BDC,
∴ The height of the hill is 104 m.
3. (a) In △ABC,
∴ The distance between B and C is 141 m.
(b) In △BCD,
∴ The horizontal distance between the two

buildings is 90.5 m.
4.
Join AC.
In △ABD,
187
Consider △ACD.
∴ The height of the building is 88.2 m.

Alternative Solution
In △ABC,
In △ACD,
∴ The height of the building is 88.2 m.
5. In △ABD,
In △ADC,
188
8.
6.
In △CED, by the sine formula,

(a) With the notations in the figure,
(alt. s, PA // QC)
7. (a) Consider △PQR.

(b) The average speed of the rocket
(c) Consider △PQR.

Consider △QRT.
∴ The angle of elevation of Q from R is 72.2°.
Level 2
189
In △ABQ,
(
∴ The distance between C and H is 208 m.
sum of △)
Consider △APQ.
In △ABQ, by the sine formula,
∴ The length of the string AB is 28.4 m.
(b) Draw BD  AP.

In △ADB,
∴ The height of the balloon above the road AP is

23.3 m.
9. (a) (ext. ∠ of
△)
Consider △ABH.
∴ The distance between B and H is 254 m.
(b) (i) Consider △BCH.

190
(ii) Consider △BCH.

The angle of elevation of H from C
10.
(int. ∠s, AB // DE)
Consider △ABE.
∴ The distance between A and E is 44.4 m.
(b) (alt. ∠s, DE // AC)
Construct EF⊥AC.
∴ The height of E from the horizontal ground is

22.2 m.
(c) Consider △ACE.

191
In △EFC,
∴ The angle of elevation of H from B is
12. (a) (ext.  of △)
∴ The angle of depression of this rabbit from the

eagle is 56.9°. Consider △HPQ.
11.
In △HAP,
(alt. ∠s, GH // AD)
(ext.  of △)
In △HKA,
Consider △KPQ.
In △KBQ,
Consider △ABH.
(b) In △HAP,
In △KBQ,
Consider △HKB.
∴ The distance between A and B is 192 m.
(corr. ∠s, BJ // AD)
192
(c) With the notations in the figure,
In △HCK,
∴ The angle of elevation of H from K is 8.91.
13.
Join BP.
Consider △APB.
Consider △BPQ.
193
order to minimize the cost. The cost is $565.

14. (a)
Exercise 5F (p. 5.49)
Level 1
( sum 1. (a)

of △)
(adj. s on st.
line)
(
sum of △)
(adj. ∠s on
Consider △DBC.
st. line)
∴ The true bearing of C from A is .
(b) (alt. ∠s, RS // QP)
(adj. ∠s
on st. line)
∴ The compass bearing of B from C is
2. Consider △ABP.
Consider △DAB. By the cosine formula,
∴ CD is the longest and the distance of CD is ∴ The compass bearing of A from P is

111 m (cor. to 3 sig. fig.).
(b) Cost of the wire connecting A and D 3.
Cost of the wire connecting B and D
Cost of the wire connecting C and D

Consider △ABP.
∴ Building B should be connected to the post in
194
5.
∴ The distance between A and B is 39.5 km.
4. (a) With the notations in the figure, consider △APH.
∴ Harry is 309 m away from the park entrance.
(a) With the notations in the figure, (b) By the cosine formula,
(int. s, AB // CP)
(∠s at a
∴ The compass bearing of the park entrance from

pt.)
Harry is N48.0E.
6. (a)
∴ The true bearing of P from B is
(b) Consider △ABP.

Consider △ABP.
∴ The distance between P and B is 5.80 km.
195
(b) line)

∴ The true bearing of B from A is
by the sine formula,
∴ The true bearing of P from B is

(b)

(adj. ∠s on st.
line)
(alt. ∠s, SR // PQ)

Consider △ABC.
(adj. ∠s
on st.
196
∴ The distance between town Q and town R is

16.8 km.
(c) ∵ The true bearing of town R from town P is 070.

∴ The compass bearing of town Q from town R is
S(77.8457 – 70)E, i.e. S7.85E.
9.

(alt. s,
DA // LC)
(adj. s on
st. line)
∴ Average speed of the ship
197
Level 2 (b)
10. (a)

(alt. s, BF //
DA)
(adj.
s on st. line)
Consider △ABC.
∴ The distance between A and C is 18.9 km.
∴ The compass bearing of C from A is N29.2W.
11. (a)
DP = 40  2 km = 80 km
CP = 30  2 km = 60 km
∴ The distance between C and D is 107 km.
198

(alt. s, GD // PF)
Consider △DCP. ∴ The distance between P and Q is 21.5 km.

13. (a)
∴ The compass bearing of C from D is S80.5E.

12. (a)
∴ The distance between A and P is 23.2 km.
(b)
∴ The true bearing of B from A is 092.6.
(b) The shortest distance of the ship to island C is CG,

where CG  AB.
In △CAG,
∴ The shortest distance of the ship to island C is

18.2 km.
∴ The distance between A and Q is 19.4 km.
(c)
In △PAQ, by the cosine formula,
199
14. // TB)
∴ The compass bearing of Q from T is
15. (a)

(alt. ∠s, PQ //
AB)
(alt. ∠s, BD //
In △PQR, by the sine formula, CA)
Consider △ABD.
∴ The distance between P and R is 762 m.

∴ The speed of the ship
(b) (alt. ∠s, PQ //
AB)
In △PTR,
∵ (given)
∴ (base ∠s,
isos. △) (b) With the notations in the figure,
F is the point nearest to B.
Consider △ABF.
Distance travelled by the ship by 5 p.m.

Consider △PTQ.
∴ The ship would reach the point nearest to B

before 5 p.m. on the same day.
∵ (alt. ∠s, PQ
200
16. Consider △ADB.

Length of highway I
Join BA.
With the notations in the figure, Length of highway II
(alt. s, BA // FC)
Difference between the two highways

Consider △ABC.
∴ Highway I is shorter. The difference between the two

highways is 0.155 km.
Check Yourself (p. 5.54)

1. (a)  (b) 
(c)  (d) 
( sum of △ 2.
3.
4. Let , where a = 10, b = 4 and c = 7.
201
7.
In △BPQ, by the sine formula,
∴ The distance between B and Q is 14.8 m.
8.
∴ The compass bearing of A from C is N24.5°E.
202
Revision Exercise 5 (p. 5.56)

Level 1
1. Area of △ABC
6. Let , where a = 42 cm, b = 50 cm and

2. Area of △ABC
c = 80 cm.
Area of △ABC
c = 21 cm.
Area of △ABC
c = 20 cm.
Area of △ABC
c = 24 cm.
Area of △ABC
203
Area of OABC
7. DC = AB = 11 cm (opp. sides of // gram)

Area of ABCD Area of sector OAC
8.
Join BD.
(Pyth. theorem)
Area of △ABD
Let , where b = 8 cm, c = 17 cm and
d = 10 cm.
Area of △BCD
∴ Area of ABCD = area of △ABD – area of △BCD
9. (radii)
∴ Area of △OAC
204
∴ Area of the shaded region Area of △ABC
10. (a) Area of △ADC
(b)
∴ Perimeter of △ABC
(b) (adj. s on st.

14.
line)
Area of △ABC
area of △ABD + area of △ADC
11. Area of △ABC
12. Area of BCED = area of △ABC – area of △ADE
13. (a) Let .
∴ By the sine formula,
205
18. ( sum of △)
19. ( sum of △)
206

(int. s, AD // BC)
AD = BC = 18 cm (opp. sides of // gram)

Consider △ABD.
207
24. (a) Consider △ACD.

(b) (adj. s on st.
line)
Total distance ran by the man
Consider △ABC.
26.
25.

(alt. s, DB // AC)
∴ The distance between A and C is 99.2 m.
Consider △ACB.
27. (a) (adj. s on st.
( sum
line)
of △)
( sum
of △)
208
∴ The distance between the two boys at 2 p.m. is

11.1 km.
(b)
∴ The distance between B and T is 127 m.
(b) In △BST,
∴ The height of the tower is 81.4 m.
28. With the notations in the figure, by the cosine

formula,
Consider △ADB.
∴ The height of the flagstaff AB is 10.3 m. ∴ The true bearing of Y from X at 2 p.m. is 038.9.
29. (a) 30. (a)

Distance travelled by boy X = (5  2) km = 10 km (alt. s, BF // DA)
Distance travelled by boy Y = (6  2) km = 12 km
Assume that at 2 p.m., boys X and Y reach points G
and H respectively, as shown in the figure. (adj. s on st.
line)
Consider △OGH.
Consider △ACB.
209

(b) By the cosine formula, By the cosine formula,
Consider △ABD.
∴ The compass bearing of C from A is S77.6E.
Level 2
34. Consider △AMC.

∵ AC = AM = 8 cm (given)
∴ ACM = AMC (base s, isos. △)
( sum of
Consider △ABD.
△)

Consider △ABC.
( sum of △)
Consider △ABC.
210

( sum
Consider △ACD.
of △)
Area of △ABD
36.
∴ Area of parallelogram ABCD

area of △ABD
Join AC.
Consider △ACD.
38. (a)
Join AC.
Consider △ABC.
Consider △ABC.
(b) Consider △ACD.
Let s = .
∴ s
∴
= 10.772 cm
Area of ABCD
area of △ABC + area of △ACD
37. (opp. sides of //gram)
Consider △ABD.
211

area of sector OAB  area of △AOC
40. (a) In △ABC, by the cosine formula,

39. Consider △AOC.
( sum of
△)
By the sine formula, (b) In △ACD, by the cosine formula,
∴ The new figure formed is a triangle.
41. (a)
Consider △BCE.
( sum
of △)
212
(b) ∵ (property of rectangle)

(property of rectangle)
∴ The bases of △ABE and △DCE are the same.
∴
43. (a) (radii)
(b)
42. (a) AB = (5 + 10) cm = 15 cm Consider △POD.

AC = (20 + 5) cm = 25 cm
BC = (20 + 10) cm = 30 cm
Let
(c) By similar argument, ROC = 60.

Area of △ABC (adj. s on st.
line)

= area of sector OPR  area of △OPR
44. (a) (given)

∵ (from (a))
(c) Area of the shaded region
213
46. (a)
45. ( sum
(
of △)
sum of △)
(vert. opp. ∠s)

Consider △ABC.
( sum By the sine formula,
of △)
Consider △CKB.
(b) Consider △BCD.

( sum of
Consider △DKA. △)
∵ (given)
∴
214
Consider △ABD.
48. (a)
47. (a)
(b)
∴ DAB = 60

∴ CAB = 45
Consider △ACD.
(c) In △ACD, by the cosine formula,
(c)
∴
Area of quadrilateral ABCD
49. (a)
=
215
(b) (i) By substituting  = 45 and L = 11 into the above

formula,
(ii) ∵
∴ The difference between L and L
50.
Consider △PBA.
(ext.  of △)
(ext.  of △)
Consider △AQP.
∴ The height of the castle is 197 m.
51. (a)
(adj. s on st. line)
216
(ext.  of △) In △ABC, by the sine formula,
(b) Let B be the new position of the boy after t seconds.
∴ The angle of elevation of the top C of the

building from the position he arrives at after
t seconds is 72.5.
52. (a)
After t hours,
OA = 5t km
OB = 3t km
∴ The distance between the two cars after t hours

is .
(b) When AB = 10 km,
∴ After 3 hours 32 minutes, the distance between
217
two cars is greater than 10 km.

∴ The radio connection between the two cars will
fail at 4:32 p.m.
53.
(alt. ∠s, TQ // PO)

CAB = 90 + 5 = 95
Consider △ABC.
∴ The true bearing of the boat from lighthouse Q

at 4 p.m. is
( sum
of △)
54.
Consider △PQU.
218
(iii)
∴
(b)
(i) With the notations in the figure,

(ext. ∠
∴ The true bearing of the boat from lighthouse Q at

4 p.m. is 086.8°. of △)
(b) Consider △PUR.

By the cosine formula, (adj. s
on st. line)
Consider △BDE.
∴ The distance between the boat and lighthouse R By the sine formula,
at 4 p.m. is 67.7131 km.
Distance travelled by the boat from 4 p.m. to
6:30 p.m.
∴ The boat cannot reach lighthouse R on or before

6:30 p.m. on the same day.
55. (a) (i) Consider △PQS.

(ii) Consider △PQR.

From (a),
∴ The distance between C and E is 212 m.

(ii) Consider △CDE.
219
3. Answer: B
For option A: Area

∴ The angle of elevation of E from C is
Multiple Choice Questions (p. 5.63) For option B: Area
1. Answer: C
For option C: Area
Let , where b  10 cm, c  21 cm and

For option D: Let .
d  17 cm.
∴ ∴
Area of Area
Area of parallelogram ABCD ∴ The triangle in option B has the largest area.
= 2  area of △BCD
=
=
2. Answer: D
(diags. of //gram)
(adj. ∠s on st. line)
Area of △ABE
Area of △BCE
∴ Area of parallelogram ABCD

area of △ABE + area of △BCE
220
4. Answer: A

(radii)
∴ △ABC is an equilateral triangle.
(prop. of equil. △)
Area of sector ABC
7. Answer: D
Area of △ABC
Join AC.
Consider △ABC.
(Pyth. theorem)
∴ Area of the shaded region
area of sector ABC – area of
△ABC
Consider △ADC.
5. Answer: C
( sum of △)
8. Answer: B

(int. ∠s, AB // DC)
(corr. ∠s, AD // BE)

6. Answer: C
Consider △BCE.
221
Consider △ABC.
9. Answer: C
Consider △ACD.
10. Answer: C

by the sine formula,
∴ The true bearing of Q from P is 117.1.
11. Answer: B

by the cosine formula,
222
2.
∴ The compass bearing of C from A is S37W.
12. Answer: A

Consider △ABC.
( sum of
In △AEB,
△)

(alt. s, BC // AD)
In △ACB, by the sine formula,
3.
HKMO (p. 5.65)

1.
In △ACB, by the cosine formula,

With the notation in the figure,
join CE.
(vert. opp. s)

In △BEC,
In △ADB,
∵ ABCD is a parallelogram with base BC and height

5 units.
∴ Area of the overlapped region
In △ABD,
(Pyth. theorem)
In △BCD,
223
(Pyth. theorem) In △ABC, by the cosine formula,
5.
4. (opp. sides of //gram)

In △BCD, by the cosine formula, Area of △ABE
(int. s, AB // DC)
Exam Focus
Exam-type Questions (p. 5.68)
1. In △ABC of Figure (a),

(prop. of equil. △)
In △ADB of Figure (b),
by the cosine formula,
∵ (SAS)
∴
In △ABC, by the cosine formula,
∴ The distance between B and C is 5.76 cm.
224
(b)
(b) (i)
(i) With the notations in the figure, in △ABQ,
With the notation in the figure,

join CD.
In △BDC, by the cosine formula,
∴ The perpendicular distance from A to MN is

16.7 cm.
(ii) ∵ △AMN ~ △ABC (AAA)
∴ (corr. sides, ~△s)

(ii)
4. Answer: B
Consider △ABK.
∴ Tommy’s claim is correct. ( sum
3. (a) (i) By the cosine formula,
of △)
(ii) By the sine formula,
225
Area of △ABC
Area of the parallelogram
6. Answer: A
5. Answer: C
Let .
(alt. s, DY // XF)
∴ The distance between ship A and island Y is 19 km.
7. Answer: C
(opp. s, cyclic quad.)
In △ABD, by the sine formula,
( sum
of △)
226
(b) ∵ AP bisects and BP bisects .

∴ and
8. Answer: C
(line from centre⊥chord bisects
chord)
∴
∴ CP also bisects
Let .
Area of △ABC
Investigation Corner (p. 5.71)
(a) Consider △ACP.

Consider △ABP.
Consider △BCP.
227

NSS Mathematics in Action - 5A05 - Exercise - E

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

NSS Mathematics in Action - 5A05 - Exercise - E

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

5 Applications of Trigonometry in 2-dimensional Problems

Review Exercise 5 (p. 5.5) 8. In △ABD,

Consider the area of △ABD, we have

4. Consider the area of △ABC, we have

Maths Dialogue (p. 5.34)

By the cosine formula,

When we use the sine formula to find an angle, two values

2. When the cosine formula is used, the value of the cosine

Classwork (p. 5.9)

Classwork (p. 5.40)

With the notations in the figure,

∴ The angle of elevation of C from A is 70.

With the notations in the figure,

∴ The angle of elevation of A from B is 55.

∴ The angle of depression of B from A is 55.

Classwork (p. 5.46)

360  28 = 332

3. (a) (i) 90  65 = 25

Quick Practice 5.1 (p. 5.7)

180  120 = 60 Area of △ABC

Quick Practice 5.2 (p. 5.8)

250  180 = 70

Quick Practice 5.3 (p. 5.8)

Quick Practice 5.4 (p. 5.9)

Area of PQRS = 2  area of △PQR

Quick Practice 5.5 (p. 5.15)

Quick Practice 5.6 (p. 5.16)

Also, area of △ABC

Quick Practice 5.7 (p. 5.20)

(b) By the sine formula,

By the sine formula,

∵ for all values of B.

(c) By the sine formula,

By the sine formula, (d) By the sine formula,

Quick Practice 5.10 (p. 5.25)

Quick Practice 5.9 (p. 5.23)

∴ (b) By the cosine formula,

(b) By the sine formula,

Quick Practice 5.13 (p. 5.32)

By the sine formula,

Quick Practice 5.14 (p. 5.33)

(b) Consider △PRS.

(b) The smallest angle of △PQR is Q.

∴ The smallest angle of △PQR is 30.3.

Quick Practice 5.15 (p. 5.35)

Quick Practice 5.12 (p. 5.31)

In △BCD, by the sine formula,

By the sine formula,

∴ The distance between D and T is 262.7 m.

(b) (adj. ∠s on st. line)

Quick Practice 5.16 (p. 5.41)

With the notations in the figure,

In △ABC, by the sine formula,

∴ The distance between A and C is 362.5 m.

(b) In △ACD, CAD = 35 (alt.s, EC // AD)

∴ The height of the building CD is 207.9 m.

Quick Practice 5.17 (p. 5.42)

By the sine formula, (b)

With the notations in the figure,

∴ The angle of elevation of T from F is

Quick Practice 5.18 (p. 5.47)

With the notations in the figure,

∴ The compass bearing of boat A from boat B is