[brgb ; - Loinuslùo y gxinuslùo b trbvìs uo gosbyf `ftfdrâ`lif

Ufr 

F`lr kg M. Lrlbrtg Yftf.

Agkgr Jbrtêogz Kubrtg

Drupf 05

[utfrb

Bokrgb kgn Ulnbr Brgobs

Iursf= Loinuslùo Yfilbn

Wolvgrslkbk Obilfobn Bclgrtb y b Klstboilb

Pligrrgitfrêb Bibkìjlib y kg Lovgstldbilùo

Munlf kg 3532
 

Gosbyf `ftfdrâ`lif

Jugstrb sgngiilfobkb= pfcnbilùo bkuntb jbyfr kgn Afdbr Nb Jlsgrlifrklb, juolilplf kg

tbrbzâ

Lotrfkuiilùo

Go gstg lo`frjg lovgstldbtlvf sg bobnlzbo nbs kloâjlibs tgrrltfrlbngs b pbrtlr kg nfs ifoigptfs

kg gxinuslùo g loinuslùo, jgklbotg nb loifrpfrbilùo y usf kg nb ibrtfdrb`êb sfilbn y gosbyfs

`ftfdrâ`lifs ifjf agrrbjlgotbs jgtfkfnùdlibs

jgtfkfnùdlibs pbrb boânlsls kg ifotgxtfs y rgbnlkbk sfilbn b

bn iubn sg go`rgotb nb pfcnbilùo kgn bkuntf jbyfr go gn juolilplf kg [brbzâ, fcsgrvbilùo

 pbrtlilpbotg qug pgrjltg bobnlzbr nbs kl`grgotgs sltubilfogs kg rlgsdf pbrb ifjprgokgr nb

rgbnlkbk qug vlvg gstb jlofrêb pbrb bsê rgnbilfobrnfs ifo nb gxinuslùo g loinuslùo sfilbn.

Kbokf bniboig bn `goùjgof sfilbn kg loinuslùo y gxinuslùo, go gstb lovgstldbilùo sg pnbotgb

uob sgrlg kg rg`ngxlfogs tbngs ifjf= ¶Iùjf sg jbol`lgstb gn prfcngjb kg gxinuslùo sfilbn go

gn drupf pfcnbilfobn sgngiilfobkf6, ¶Iuângs sfo nbs kl`grgoilbs abnnbkbs gotrg nfs prfcngjbs

qug lkgotl`librfo6, ¶Iuângs sfo nbs pfslcngs ibusbs sfilbngs, pfnêtlibs y iunturbngs qug gstâo

dgogrbokf nb gxinuslùo sfilbn go gn drupf gngdlkf6, ¶Iuân irgg qug kgcg sgr gn pbpgn kgn

Gstbkf y kg nb pfcnbilùo ilvln pbrb sfnuilfobr nfs prfcngjbs lkgotl`libkfs6 pbrb ifjprgokgr

nb rgbnlkbk sfilbn go nb qug sg goiugotrb nb pfcnbilùo sgngiilfobkb, tbngs klsiuslfogs sg

 prgsgotbo go nb pfcnbilùo kg nb tgrigrb gkbk qug ifjf sfilgkbk gstbjfs ifjprfjgtlkfs

ifjprfjgtlkfs b kbr 

uob jlrbkb b tfkbs bqugnnbs jgjfrlbs lofnvlkbcngs.

lofnvlkbcngs.
 

Wclibilùo

kg=attps=//www.dffdng.ifj/sgbria6
Sgiupgrbkf kg=attps=//www.dffdng.ifj/sgbria6

q:uclibilfo+kg+tbrbzb+go+gn+jbpb+kg+ifnfjclb&sxsr`:BNgHh53lJwm50SWny3QsmhbztL

GJMJrzMw=2034990112145&tcj:lsia&sfurig:lu&litx:2&`lr:u-jn`txsrF]vAJ
%373IpqFylYRLSCt2FJ%373IV&vgt:2&usd:BL;V-

hSQLodGY4DKjW[P0uJ\HSRjVMx9-w&sb:Q&vgk:

Juolilplf kg [brbzâ

 Sgiupgrbkf kg=attps=//www.dffdng.ifj/sgbria6
kg=attps=//www.dffdng.ifj/sgbria6

q:+tbrbzb+&tcj:lsia&vgk:3baWHGwmSzgHw9f
q:+tbrbzb+&tcj:lsia&vgk:3baWHGwmSzgHw9fAyBaWfofRLASOYIOf
AyBaWfofRLASOYIOfR3-
R3-

iIgdRLBCBB&fq:+tbrbzb+&dsVnip:IdOp
iIgdRLBCBB&fq:+tbrbzb+&dsVnip:IdOpcTiRBzLIIBByCBdBGGJyBd
cTiRBzLIIBByCBdBGGJyBddBJdRLBCCK
dBJdRLBCCK

 JdRLBCCKJdLLBKLGIBBRAmLGIBBRAmLGIBB
 JdRLBCCKJdLLBKLGIBBRAmLGIBBRAmLGIBBRAmLDIBBRCSBgFd\LBCBLG
RAmLDIBBRCSBgFd\LBCBLGC7RVla\yh 
C7RVla\yh 
 

2dlnOfBABBgBFBBiG@ 

Ufcnbilùo bkuntb jbyfr kgn Afdbr Nb Jlsgrlifrklb

Juolilplf kg tbrbzâ

Yltubilfogs kg rlgsdf sfilbn=

Sgiursfs gifoùjlifs nljltbkfs= bcbokfof kgn gstbkf,

 pfcrgzb gxtrgjb.

Kgpgokgoilb sgoln= gn pbsf kgn tlgjpf bujgotb su gkbk y ifo

gnnb tbjclìo nbs nljltbilfogs jftfrbs y ogurfobngs, rbzùo pfr nb qug

sfo btgoklkfs pfr pgrsfobs kgn Afdbr Nb Jlsgrlifrklb.

Yfngkbk= gsibsgz kg rgiursfs y busgoilb kg `bjlnlbrgs bujgotbo nb

gxinuslùo, y ibjclf go sus rgnbilfogs bn sgotlrsg slo nb ifjpbòêb

kg uo `bjlnlbr sg vugnvgo bdrgslvfs y jâs sfnltbrlfs.

Ifrrupilùo= nbs gotlkbkgs nfibngs of nfs btlgokgo pfr `bntb kg rgiursfs aujbofs y

gifoùjlifs.
 

Bcbokfof y jbntrbtf= nb sltubilùo kg kgpgokgoilb gifoùjlib y b`gitlvb b nbs qug sg

go`rgotb nb pfcnbilùo jbyfr, bn of pfkgr rgbnlzbr sus prfplbs bitlvlkbkgs nbs ifovlgrtg go

 pftgoilbngs vêitljbs.

Gs gvlkgotg gn bcbokfof kgn gstbkf abiêb nb pfcnbilùo kg bvbozbkb gkbk, go gn prfigsf kg

fcsgrvbilùo sg gvlkgoilb qug, nb jbyfrêb kg boilbofs of iugotbo ifo kfiujgotf

kfiujgotf kg

lkgotl`libilùo, Gstf sg kgcg b nb ogdnldgoilb kg nbs butfrlkbkgs bkjlolstrbtlvbs, Ufr nb `bntb kg

`bjlnlbrgs qug of ngs ljpfrtb vgnb pfr nb sbnuk kg nfs boilbofs y tbjclìo pfr nb loibpbilkbk

jgotbn qug tlgogo nfs bcugnfs bn of rgifrkbr b vgigs abstb su ofjcrg y juiaf jgofs nbs

`giabs ljpfrtbotgs.

Afdbr Nb Jlsgrlifrklb

Nudbr kg btgoilùo b nb pfcnbilùo bkuntf jbyfr juolilplf kg tbrbzâ.

Gotlkbk slo âoljf kg nuirf= nbs byukbs

nngdbo kg nb ldngslb y gn ifjgrilf.

Gn brrgokf nf sucslklb gn kugòf kgn nfibn y nb ibrlkbk kg nbs pgrsfobs.

[fkbs gstbs dgstlfogs nbs rgbnlzb Jbrngoy Sfmbs, qulgo gs nb qug sg goibrdb kg iulkbr b nfs

boilbofs muotf ifo su gqulpf kg ifnbcfrbkfrbs.

 

Ufr bsuotfs rgnbilfobkfs ifo nb Ifvlk of `ug pfslcng gn lodrgsf bn nudbr, yb qug sus

jfrbkfrgs sfo susigptlcngs.

Boânlsls

Ifjf rgsuntbkf b nbs lovgstldbilfogs rgbnlzbkbs, sg nngdb b nb ifoinuslùo kg sgngiilfobr nb

 pfcnbilùo kg nb tgrigrb gkbk, qug sg goiugotrb uclibkb go gn juolilplf kg [brbzâ,

[brbzâ, Botlfqulb.

\b qug go nb iubn sg fcsgrvbrfo sltubilfogs kg rlgsdf sfilbn, ifoklilfogs qug sg ifrrgnbilfob

ifo gn `goùjgof sfilbn kg nb gxinuslùo g loinuslùo go su rgbnlkbk iftlklbob. Nb biilùo

 pbrtlilpbotg pgrjltg nngdbr b nb kurb rgbnlkbk go nb qug sg goiugotrbo nfs boilbofs go gn afdbr

nb jlsgrlifrklb.

Yus rfstrfs brrudbkfs y jbntrbtbkfs pfr nb gkbk kgmbo vgr gn su`rljlgotf qug slgotgo pfr

goifotrbrsg sfnfs slo `bjlnlbrgs, bcbokfobkfs y blsnbkfs kg nbs rgnbilfogs sfilbngs, yb qug pfr 

su bvbozbkb gkbk sfo trbtbkfs ifjf fcmgtfs lobitlvfs, ifoklilùo qug nfs sujgrdg býo jâs go

nb sfngkbk y go nb trlstgzb.

Kgclkf b qug gstfs boilbofs of iugotbo ifo nfs rgiursfs gifoùjlifs ogigsbrlfs pbrb sgr

btgoklkfs go sus ibsbs, nngdbo bn afdbr dgrlâtrlif nb jlsgrlifrklb, kfokg gspgrbo pb

pbsbr
sbr nbs

ýntljbs gtbpbs kg su vlkb, tgogr uob trboqulnlkbk y kgsibosbr go pbz, nudbr kfokg of abigo

trbcbmfs `frzbkfs ol sfo jbntrbtbkfs.

¶Iùjf sg jbol`lgstb gn prfcngjb kg gxinuslùo sfilbn go gn drupf pfcnbilfobn

sgngiilfobkf6

Nfs boilbofs kgn afdbr dgrlâtrlif nb jlsgrlifrklb, sg slgotgo gxinulkfs kg nb sfilgkbk pfrqug

of gstâ loinulkfs kgotrf uo slstgjb kg sbnuk, gkuibtlvf y pfrqug su `bjlnlb nf rgiabzb,

ljplklgokf nb fpfrtuolkbk kg kls`rutbr su vgmgz ifjf pgrsfobs bitlvbs y prùspgrbs kgotrf kg

uob sfilgkbk qug ibkb kêb jâs sg sujgrdg go nb tgiofnfdêb kgmbokf kg nbkf gn ibnfr aujbof.
 

Urfcngjb sfilbn ifjf nb gxinuslùo sg rg`ngmb go nb pfcnbilùo kg nb tgrigrb gkbk go bspgitfs

ifjf gn bcbokfof pfr pbrtg kg su `bjlnlb, qulgogs nfs rgiabzb y nfs aujlnnbo pfrqug nfs

ifoslkgrbo ljprfkuitlvfs pbrb nb sfilgkbk, jftlvf pfr gn iubn sg slgotgo blsnbkfs, y

kgspnbzbkfs nf qug ngs prfvfib uo fnvlkù tftbn ifonngvâokfnfs b sujgrdlrsg go uob kgprgslùo

qug of tlgog rgjgklf, nb iubn ngs fibslfob drbvgs go`grjgkbkgs y rbrbs pbtfnfdêbs abstb

nngvbrnfs b nb jugrtg.

¶Iuângs sfo nbs kl`grgoilbs abnnbkbs gotrg nfs prfcngjbs qug lkgotl`librfo6

Nb jbyfrêb kg nfs bkuntfs jbyfrgs qug sg goiugotrbo rgpfsbokf su vgmgz go gn afdbr

dgrlâtrlif nb jlsgrlifrklb sfo bcbokfobkfs y rgiabzbkfs pfr `bntb kg gkuibilùo, pfr

go`grjgkbkgs drbvgs qug nfs bifjpngmbo,

bifjpngmbo, pfr `bntb kg rgiursfs gifoù
gifoùjlifs
jlifs y pfr nb pfib

btgoilùo qug nb sfilgkbk go dgogrbn ng prgstb b gstb pfcnbilùo vunogrbcng.

Ufr `bntb kg bkbptbilùo go nfs trbcbmfs pbrb qug nfs bkuntfs pugkgo rgbnlzbr, Yfo gxinulkfs

sltubilùo qug nf nngobs kg kgprgslùo trlstgzb, [fkbs gstbs sltubilfogs ifjprfjgtgo nfs

kgrgiafs qug gstâ pfcnbilùo kgcgrêb kg kls`rutbr kg `frjb kldob, nfs vbnfrgs kg nlcgrtbk kg

trbcbmf sfo jgofsprgilbkfs pfr qug nfs gtlqugtbo ifjf lo`grlfrgs kgclkf b su bvbozbkb gkbk.

Go nb drbo nlstb kg loifovgolgotgs qug prgsgotb nb pfcnbilùo jbyfr sg goiugotrb gn bspgitf kg

nb sbnuk, kl`grgoilb qug gs oftbcng pfrqug jlgotrbs bnduofs bkuntfs sfo bifjpbòbkfs kg

`frjb plbkfsb pfr sus iulkbkfrgs of iugotbo ifo uob cugob sbnuk, nb iubn sg kgtgrlfrb b

jgklkb qug trbosiurrgo sus kêbs, b`gitbokf su ibpbilkbk `êslib jftfrb y jgotbn, slgokf gstb

uob kg nbs rbzfogs jâs `ugrtgs pfr nb iubn nfs boilbofs sfo bcbokfobkfs pfr sus `bjlnlbs yb

qug of iugotbo ifo nfs rgiursfs ogigsbrlfs pbrb iucrlr nfs dbstfs quì ifosldf trbg nfs

 prfcngjbs kg sbnuk go gstb gtbpb kg nb vlkb.

 

¶Iuângs sfo nbs pfslcngs ibusbs sfilbngs, pfnêtlibs y iunturbngs qug gstâo dgogrbokf nb

gxinuslùo sfilbn go gn drupf gngdlkf6

Nb sfilgkbk of vbnfrb b nbs pgrsfobs bkuntbs, y juiaf jgofs tlgog go iugotb qug sfo sgrgs

aujbofs qug pfr su bvbozbkb gkbk kgsgbo sgr iulkbkfs ifo bjfr y sfcrg tfkf qug rgspgtgo

sus ogigslkbkgs clfnùdlibs, sfcrg tfkf qug ngs tgodbo pbilgoilb pfr su nljltbkb ibpbilkbk

jftfrb y jgotbn, nb sfilgkbk of tlgog go iugotb f of ngs lotgrgsb

lotgrgsb qug nb vgmgz gs uob gtbpb

lrrgvgrslcng bn ldubn qug nb vlkb, go iubotf of vbnfrb b nbs pgrsfobs qug pfr su gxpgrlgoilb y

ifofiljlgotf ifostruyg uob alstfrlb go nb sfilgkbk y pbrb nb sfilgkbk rbzùo pfr nb iubn

kgcgrêbo ifovgrtlrsg go jgjfrlbs lofnvlkbcngs.

Nbs pfnêtlibs gxlstgotgs of prfjugvgo nb loinuslùo kg gstb pfcnbilùo vunogrbcng, juiaf

jgofs irgb sltubilfogs qug kg`lgokbo nfs kgrgiafs kg nbs pgrsfobs qug sl ogigsltbo btgoilùo,

sg abig urdgotg y ogigsbrlf qug nbs lostltuilfogs prgstbkfrbs kg sgrvlilfs prfjugvbo pfnêtlibs

rgbngs g lotgdrbkfrbs qug tgodbo goiugstbs b gstb pfcnbilùo tbn ifjf nf klig nb Ifostltuilùo

obilfobn ,go gn brtêiunf ;0.

Nb iunturb go nb qug gxlstljf ibrgig kg vbnfrgs pfr nb vlkb, go nb iubn sg nljltb nb supgrbilùo

`êslib y gifoùjlib kgn bkuntf jbyfr, ifonngvâokfnf bsê b uo gstbkf kg bcbokfof, kg

gxinuslùo sfilbn, gotgoklgokf gstg `goùjgof go nb pfcnbilùo bkuntb ifjf sltubilfogs qug

ljplkgo nb sbtls`biilùo kg sus ogigslkbkgs câslibs ifjf sfo nb lotgdrlkbk jfrbn, vlvlgokb

kldob y nf jâs ljpfrtbotg su pbrtlilpbilùo go nb sfilgkbk.

Nb gifofjêb sg ifovlgrtg go pfslcng ibusb kg gxinuslùo pbrb nb pfcnbilùo kg bvbozbkb gkbk,

yb qug nb jbyfrêb of iugotbo ifo uob pgoslùo, ibrgigo kg nb bslstgoilb jìklib ogigsbrlb, b

jgklkb qug pbsbo nfs kêbs sg bngmb býo jâs kg gnnfs nb pfslclnlkbk kg su rglosgrilùo go nb

sfilgkbk ifjf pgrsfobs ifo âoljfs kg trbcbmbr y kls`rutbr kg uob vlkb sbob.
 

Nb gxinuslùo sfilbn go nb pfcnbilùo kg tgrigrb gkbk gs gn `goùjgof qug vunogrb nfs pfifs

kgrgiafs kg nfs qug býo pugkgo kls`rutbr, kgsnldâokfnfs kgn kgrgiaf b nb ldubnkbk y b nb

 pbrtlilpbilùo ilukbkbob.

¶Iuân irgg qug kgcg sgr gn pbpgn kgn Gstbkf y kg nb pfcnbilùo ilvln pbrb sfnuilfobr nfs

prfcngjbs lkgotl`libkfs6

Gn gstbkf ifjf nb pfcnbilùo ilvln gstâo sujgrdlkfs go nb ifrrupilùo, ftrf og`bstf y `ìtlkf

 prfcngjb sfilbn qug of pgrjltgo qug nfs `uoilfobrlfs

`uoilfobrlfs nlkgrgo ifo ngbntbk go cusib kg

sfnuilfogs rgbngs qug jltldugo gn kgsgjpngf y nb pfcrgzb

pfcrgzb gxtrgjb, sfnuilfogs qug sgbo

lotgdrbkfrbs y qug abdbo qug nbs pgrsfobs kg bvbozbkb gkbk sg slgotbo ýtlngs b nb sfilgkbk

qug nfs gstâ plnftgbokf, pfnêtlibs aujbobs qug `fjgotgo nb prfkuitlvlkbk y qug sgb

ljpunsbkfrb kg nb loinuslùo kg tfkbs nbs pgrsfobs slo ljpfrtbr su gkbk f ifoklilùo `êslib y

jgotbn.

Nb sfilgkbk y sfcrg tfkf gn gstbkf tlgog nb fcnldbilùo jfrbn y pfnêtlib kg iulkbr y `fjgotbr nb

sbnuk kg nfs bkuntfs jbyfrgs, pfr nf fcsgrvbkf go nb lovgstldbilùo rgbnlzbkb gs kg oftbr qug gn

gstbkf tlgog b gstb pfcnbilùo go tftbn bcbokfof, gjpgzbokf pfr nfs `uoilfobrlfs kgngdbkfs go

nb bnibnkêb juolilpbn kg [brbzâ, qulgogs sùnf sg bigribo bn nudbr f dgstlfobo byukbs pbrb nfs

boilbofs go pgrlfkfs kg vftbilùo, plklìokfng b nfs goibrdbkfs

goibrdbkfs kgn nudbr qug ngs `lrjgo

kfiujgotfs slo lotgoilfogs kg jltldbr sus ogigslkbkgs, slo ljpfrtbr qug gstâ pfcnbilùo

ogigsltb sgr btgoklkb ifo urdgoilb yb qug of iugotbo ifo biigsf b nb sbnuk y go ìpfibs kg

 pbokgjlb sg abig ogigsbrlf gstfs rgiursfs pbrb qug nfs pugkgo btgokgr bkgiubkbjgotg.

Gn gstbkf of qulgrg tgogr rgspfosbclnlkbkgs

rgspfosbclnlkbkgs ifo nb pfcnbilùo k
kgg bkuntfs jbyfrgs,

lotgrvgoilùo qug sg abig ogigsbrlb pfrqug b jgklkb qug trbosiurrgo nfs

nfs bòfs gstb pfcnbilùo

vlgog go bujgotf, pfr nf qug

qug sg abig prlfrltbrlf y urdgotg nb bkgiubilùo kg prfdrbjbs
prfdrbjbs kg

sbnuk, qug sgbo rgbngs y jbtgrlbnlzbcngs pbrb nb lotgdrbilùo sfilbn, pfnêtlib y rgirgbtlvb kg gstb

 pfcnbilùo pbrb grrbklibr nb lkgb botldub kg ifoigclr bn bkuntf jbyfr ifjf fcmgtf
fcmgtf sfilbn
 

losgrvlcng b ifovgrtlrnf go jgjfrlb lofnvlkbcng, pbrb nfdrbr gstb jgtb gs ogigsbrlf lovltbr b

nfs mùvgogs b qug kgsplgrtg nb ifoilgoilb sfilbn go nfs dfclgrofs, go nbs bnibnkêbs, go tfkfs nfs

afdbrgs pbrb qug sg prgpbrgo, pbrb bsê pfkgr go`rgotbr nfs kgsb`êfs qug trbg nb vgmgz.

Nloh= Loinuslùo y gxinuslùo b trbvìs uo gosbyf `ftfdrâ`lif

Nloh= Loinuslùo
 

Ifoinuslùo

Ifjf rgsuntbkf kgn gosbyf `ftfdrâ`lif g lovgstldbtlvf sg fcsgrvb qug go gn juolilplf kg

[brbzb, Botlfqulb gxlstgo pgrsfobs ifjpbslvbs y kg cugo ifrbzùo, vbnlgotgs qug sg tgrilbo

rgspfosbclnlkbk kg iulkbr b nb pfcnbilùo jâs vunogrbcng y ogigsltbkb ifjf sfo nfs bkuntfs

jbyfrgs, go gn afdbr dgrlâtrlif nb jlsgrlifrklb, btgoklkfs ifo bjfr.

Yg abig vlslcng gn bcbokfof y nb `bntb kg rgspfosbclnlkbk Gstbtbn ifo nb iubn kgcgrêb sgr

btgoklkb nb pfcnbilùo kgn bkuntf jbyfr kgn juolilplf kg [brbzâ, sus kgrgiafs sfo vunogrbkfs

rbzùo pfr nb iubn sg abig ogigsbrlf loinulrnfs kgotrf kg nb sfilgkbk, qug iugotgo ifo jgmfrgs

ifoklilfogs, jgklkbs qug `bvfrgzibo su gstbclnlkbk go tfkfs nfs sgotlkfs tbotf jfrbngs,

 pslifnùdlifs y sfilbngs pbrb qug bsê ofs pugkgo bifjpbòbr pfr juiaf
juiaf tlgjpf jâs y ofs

 pugkbo ifotbr ifo sus jgjfrlbs lofnvlkbcngs

lofnvlkbcngs nbs drbokgs alstfrlbs y ifofiljlgotfs qug sfo

juy ljpfrtbotgs.

Gstg trbcbmf lovgstldbtlvf ofs pgrjltg bigribrofs b nb rgbnlkbk go nb qug vlvgo go su

iftlklbolkbk, kfokg `ug `âiln lkgotl`libr sltubilfogs qug vunogrbo nfs kgrgiafs kg gstb

 pfcnbilùo, gvlkgoilbkfs go tgstljfolfs y klânfdfs

klânfdfs rgbnlzbkfs bn jfjgotf kg bigribrofs bn

nudbr kfokg gstfs boilbofs pgrjbogigo gxinulkfs kg nb sfilgkbk, gn gqulpf lovgstldbtlvf sg

slgotg sbtls`giaf y `gnlz pfr sgr pbrtg kg nb sfnuilùo, go iubotf b sgr ibrlòfsfs y cfokbkfsfs

ifo gstb pfcnbilùo, bn ldubn tfkbs nbs pgrsfobs pugkgo

pugkgo abigr nf jlsjf pbrb gvltbr nb

kgdrbkbilùo clfnùdlib kg nfs boilbofs, nb lovltbilùo gs pbrb qug tfkfs ofs ifnfqugjfs nb

jbof go gn ifrbzùo y pfkbjfs byukbr b qulgo jâs nf ogigsltb.