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,!1;03HaBaMC npcKy OTKpHCHMTC JlMKOBHM IIpCTCTaBM Ha 60:>KCCTBaTa, npeKy OTKpHCHHTC xpaMOilH
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6 a:mpaHH Bp3 IIOjaBHTC BO IIJlaCTH'IHaTa YMCTHOCT, HC HCKilY'lYBajKH rl-1 IIpHTOa 11 gpyrHTC ,!1;0-
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MaaT rp aHHqH, He caKan ga ce orpaHwraM Hl1TY Ha egna reorparpcKa, HHTY Ha egHa eTHWJKa
u:emma.
3a aHTH'IKHTe KYilTHH rrojaJHf no onoj npoCTop e IIHIIIynano og noneK.e anTopH, 611no 3a
n oumpoKaTa p emja, 611no 3a noegHHCl!HH Haogl1 Bp>aHH 3a ogpegeHI1 TCMH.1 CMeTajK:I1 geKa
gonHHaTa Ha Bapgap og ceKoram npeTcTanyna egHa KilY'IHa KOMYHI1Kar~Hja 3a gmDKCfhe Ha
IIOITyilat\HI1TC, 3a pa3MCHa Ha CTOKHTC 11 H):\CI1TC, CaKaB ga r11 rrpocnegaM p;BaTa aciiCKTa Ha KYil-
TypaTa Ha :>KI1BCClbCTO, YMCTHOCTa 11 penHrHjaTa 11 p;a r11 113HCCaM MOI1TC cornegy Bafha.
Co>HaHHjaTa 3a nepynafhaTa ce OB03MO)!(CHH og gnc KaTeropHH na cnoMeHHU:11. Ep;HI1
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pHTyan . ,O:pyraTa KaTcropuja Ha Cf!OMCH111~11 CC IIOC):\HHC'IHO OTKpHCHH, HJlH rpynHpaHH BO C):\Ha
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p;eKa CTClHYBa 360p 3a TIO'II1TYBafhe Ha HCKOe )!(CHCKO 60)!(CCTBO, MO)!(C6H ArppogHTa , ,0:eMeTpa,
K opa HJlH ATcHa . CTHJlCKH ogronapaaT Ha npeMeTo og II-I seK npep; H. e. 2
rpagefh CTO Ha XpaMOBHTC, CO goceraiiiHHTC apXCOJlOIUKH 3arpaTH, MO)!(C }J,a CC
KOHcTaTHpa no npeMeTo Ha gou:HoxeneHI1CTH'IKaTa enoxa. Bo Gni13HHaTa Ha ,O:eMHp Kamrja

1 P. M~p111i , Am7iu'fKII Ky,117ioau y <tawoj ae.MJbU, Eeorpan. 1933; S. Diill . Die gotterkulre Nordmakcdonien.
M(inchen. 1977; E. nraroesHii JocwjJOBCKa. Tp'iKII Hal7iiiuc ca apx111Tipaoa jcuuo1 xpaMa 1/.J Cl'/111 Mapo11Hillll1 , ZA XV-I.
1965, 137-142; B. Co~-:on o sc~-:a , Cocililllllllw7ie ua D.uocKypta7ie Kaj D.!!.IIIIJi KaiilljiJ , ZA XXIV. 1974, 267-27 8: Eat!. Jfcap
M apCIIIHll ll . C ~-: o nj e . 1986, 100- 109; 11. MH~o:yn <m*., Am7iu'fKO cCietTitwuwiiie 11 iiiopouHa Htl Kfl(•t/a . fon HweH 16opHHK 10
(3 6), C~-:onj e, 1983, 193 - 206; B. nHTpa~-:osa fpOJ]1aHOBa. CiiOAICHllll'l 00 :re/IC/11/CITill'fKIIOiii zlep1100 (10 CP Ma KI!OOHl lj ll .
C~-:o nj e, 1987, IIJ - 140; Eat!. JluKoau11iiie iJpezTicl7iaou oi'J Ku6e11a ov Bapow 11 Hej.Jwwoiii KYillU oo Ma Keoomtja. ZA
noce6m1 1-IJ!IaiiHja 9 (1991), 162- lliS; Eat!. Prilog o religiji i umjetnosti 11 Peoniji. ZA XLI-XLII, 1992, 67-77; E. fleTpoBa .
K y lll7in alll7i c 11 CIIM 60/llt.JJ.IOI7i Kaj !lajoHCKIII7ie ii/le.lll/H>Il KOMiiapllpllltll co llllllpcKul7ie 11 z7ipaKU CKlll7i e, Mac. Ac. Arch . 13 ,
C ~-:o nj e, 1993, 125- 141.
2 B. bHTpa~-:osa rpo3]1aHOBa , CilOMI'Hllllll , 57. Hel-:011 rppar~eiiTH Ha ~-:epaMHKa. K~KO C11flHTe KaHTapOCI1 (T.
XIIJ-4), yn aTysaaT II~ noCTOeiLe Ha CBeTHnHWTeTO BO llJ Bel-:, !IO!IeKa TepaKOTHTe H ~OHeTHTe on:pHCIIH BO TOj npoCTOp ja
ll OTBpJiy Ba aT an y enHOCTa BO TeKOT Ha 1111 I Bel-:, 138-139.
120 BEPA E11TPAKOBA rP03)1AHOBA

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J1KOHHTC ce gaT11paHI1 BO II-III BCK, HO KynTHOTO MCCTO MOpa ga e BOCTIOCTaBCHO YUITC nopaHO.
Bo np11nor Ha onaa npCTTIOCTaBKa CC OTKp11CHHTC MOHCTH og Il-l BCK npeg H.C. KOBaHI1 BO
TecanoHI1Ka 11 AMctmnonwc.
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nnaHHHaTa Koja goMHH11pa Hag goni1HHTC Ha peKI1Te Bapnap, TononKa, U:pHa PeKa, npeTcTanysa
YUITC CAHa TIOTBpTI,a 3a CBCTO MCCTO CO SI1JJ,aH xpaM KOj HajnepojaTHO C TIOCBCTCH Ha ApTCMI1JJ,a 11
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gpyrn CTII1KnC3H. JacHO ACKa 6pojHHTC HaOJl,H OA IJ,CKOpaTHBHa apX11TCKTOHCKa nnaCTHKa 11
TpamTe OJl. rpa}l,fia, ja gononHynaaT npeTnocTaBKaTa Jl.CKa cTaHYBa 16op 3a KynTeH npocTop.
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CTaHYBa 36op 3a xpaM TIOCBCTCH Ha XepaKne H Ha 11MTICpaTOpOT KOMO)l, KOjlllTO CaMHOT CC
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npeTcTaBH Ha 6oron11 KOH MO)f(aT Ha ogpeneH Ha'lHH ga ce rpyn11paaT. THe ce goMaiiiHH (na-
joHCKH HnH MC\KCIJ,OHCKH), CO noKanHa HKOHOrpacfJHja HnH W3BCJI.CHH RO intcrpretatiO graeca, TIOTOa
xeneHCKH, opncHTanHI1 (Manoa3HCKH 11n11 erHneTCKH), CHHKpCTI13HpaHH nnH pHMCKH. Bo osaa
npvmMKa K:e ce 3agp)f(HMe caMo Ha HCKOnKy og orme nojanH.
On )f(CHCKHTe 60)f(CCTBa o•mrnep;Ho goMHHaHTHO MCCTO no nnacTWIHOTO HnycTpHpaH>e
go6Hna ApTCMHJI.a. Ha 6o)f(v!l~aTa Artemis basileia ncoHCKHTe )f(CHH it np1mecynane IIOAapol~H no
wreHwma cnaMa, KaKo lllTO gel~HAHO Ka)f(yna XcponoT. Bo HCTO npcMe Toa e pegoK goKa3 1a
TIO'IHTynaH>e Ha )f(CHCKO OO)f(CCTBO Ha TnOTO Ha IJajOHHja KOC ro TIOABJJCKynaaT H3BOpHTC. R
)KHTOTO npeTCTanyna o•mrnep;eH napanenH3aM CO Hej·mHaTa H)J;CHTHcflHKai~Hja CO BCrCTai~I1jaTa,
nnogHocTa, H30oHJJCTBOTo. Bo HCT Jl.YX ja no•mTyBane H TpaKHjQHTe. ITo nonHHaTa Ha Bapgap
TIOKpaj HCj1HHaTa HnycTpai~Hja Ha TIJ1CAMCTH CO ynoTpC6Ha BpCTI,HOCT, KaKO Ha TIHKCHJl,HTC 3a
HaKHT OA MapR11HqH, HKOHOrpacfJCKH COCCMa H)J;CHTH'JHa CO XCnCHCKHOT H3rlTCJI. (KpaTOK XHTOH,
To6oneQ co cTpenH, KpaTKH 'IH3Mn) e H1BCACHa no cTaTyaTa og CTofiH 9 11 so npHMCpHTC on
Knena.1°

3 13. Co~-:onosc~-:a. CoelTiumtwlTie, 267-278; S. Dull, op.cit .. 375. n. 210. ue ro 'IHTa 11aTn11coT ~-:a~-:o [APTEtvll]t\1
8AAAI'v!O~ . none~-:a F. Papazog!u. K['uiliwca, ZA XXIX- 2. 314. ja noTRpJiyRa )len Tan so OUITCTCHHOT nen 11a HaTmlCOT. KoH
OBfle npeTCTaBH !Ia Jl:I10Cf.:YPHTe CO DOlKflllaTa Tpe6a )J.a ce npHf.:JJY'IH yuJTe eJICH HaO)J. 01\ HerOTflllO. Haj)J.eH BO l~pKRaTa
CR. fopfH , CO Ci-:OpO II)J.eHTH'llla npeTCTaBa CO e)J.Ha OJI )J.eMHpKallHCKI!Te HKOHI1.
4 l1. MHKY11'111h, AHITIU'IKO coelTiuAuuaue, 194- 199.
5 B. JJ:paroesuh Joc11cposcKa, llpltAo? AoKaAuaoaal-hy ?paoa Ap1oca y lleo11uju, ZA XV. 1965, I 17-120.
6 Ead. Tp'IKII Hailiiiuc ua MapouHmja, 137-132.
7 Ibid.: B. CoKOJJOBCKa. Hmp, 100-105.
8 J-Jerod., 4, 33; V. 13itrakova Grozdanova, ZA XLI (1992). 72-75 .
9 s. Dull. op . cit .• 303-304. abb. 15; B. COKOJJOBCKa. AHlTiU'IKfl CK)'/Ilt!Tiypa 00 cr MaKl'VOHIIjfl, CKonje. 1987, 177,
57-63.
lO 11. MHKYJl'tflh. AmTIU'IKO coe!TIUAUIUITie, 194-195.

J1crOPI1JA HA KYJ1TYPATA HA MAKE)lOHHJA

3A llEPYBAibATA BO AHT!1KATA ITO ,0:0Jil1HATA HA BAP,O:AP 121

ApTeMlfAa, ce lJHHH )J,eKa e :JaC)J,HO nolJHTynaHa co ,[J:HocKypwTe, IIlTO e noTBp)J,eHo Ha

po.njc<P~fTc n" CToow.ll o" HcroTHHo ( o" MaHacTwpoT Cn. fopfw) H n" [lf.n•ntpKanHCJWTO
csenummTe, Ka)J,e rnTo ceKorarn e aHHKOHWIHO nocTaneHa Mery 6oroBHTe 6nH'3Hau,H. 12 Bo Toj
KOHTeKcT ce janymt co cmtrcror Thulumos, IIOJKtntun, 6palJHU coGu. HKouorpa(jmjnra c vlcro
TaKa )J,BOjHa. HeKOrarn C o6JIClJCHa BO KpaTOK XHTOH CO JIOBC'IKH 'IH3Ml1, T060JICIJ, Ha rp60T,
HCKOram CO KY'IC H CJICH, CO 3Ha'ICihC Ha JIOBCl~, ' Iy Rap Ha lllYMHTC, BC'III!l MJlaJJ,a H nyTa KaKO
IliTO C HajtiCCTO JJ,eqmHHpaHa BO XCJICHCKHOT naHTCOH . no•mTyflaHa BO CH Tl: OJiaHHHCKl1 06JiaCTH
O)J, XCJICHCKHOT CBCT, CC aCHMHJIHpana CO CJII.f'IHH ncpyBalha flO Jl,HBHHI1Tc' O)J, BapnapCKHTC CO-
CCJ!,HH I1pOCTOpH Ha XeJICHHTC. ,[J:pyraTa HKOHOrpacpcKa cpopMa, J10IIfi1UT XHTOH CO KOnjaTa,
IlOBCKC O)J,fOBapa Ha HCj3HHaTa Apyra CJIHKa H 3Ha'ICihC, HnycTp11paHa Ha IlOCO'IeHHTC npCJJ;MCTI.f.
Ha CJIHa O)J, KYJITHHTC cnHKH O)J, ,[J:eMHp Kan11j a ce janyna co eiU1TCTOT ,TanaMoc". Ho Hej1HHaTa
TCCHa penau,Hja CO IlJIOJJ,HOCTa Ha 3CMjaTa KaKO )J,a CC )J,CcpHHHpa BO 06JiaCTHTC Ka)J,e arpapOT e
cymTHHa Ha oncTaHOKOT. Hoce!heTo Ha KonjaTa HTIH )J,BCTe 6opHHH He e Heo6wma nojana, Kora
3HaeMe )J,CKa Xe1HXHj ja HMeeysa ApTCMHJia KaKo Dilongos (L'itAOyK0<;). 13 Hej1HHOTO np11cycTno
H IlO'IHTyBalhe Ha najOHCKHOT H MaKCJIOHCKHOT npOCTOp e O'IHTTICJIHO H BO npei!,pHMCKaTa CilOXa,
aKO CC 3CMC BO npe)J,BH)J, IJOCC6HO H ,[J:eypMOfiCKO-fiCJlarOHCKaTa 06JlaCT KaJIC flaK Taa IlOilpHMa
CHHKpCTHCTI.f'IKHKapaKTep. CepHjaTa Ha npcTcTaBH Ha 6mKHI\aTa ApTCMHJia 'Eva8(a ce
noTnpr~a 1a acHMHnHpaihe Ha noKanHaTa ApTeMHJia 14 co EHOJJ,Hja, 1a HCKOH TecancKa, 15 a ~3a
HCKOH HCTpa:>Kyna•m CHHKpeTH3aM Ha MaKCJIOHCKO TJI0.16

MeryToa Ha npOCTOpOT Ha HallJCTO HCTpa:>KynalhC e npHCYTHa C)J,Ha HOBa BapHjaHTa Ha

no'mTynalhe Ha ApTeMH)J,a Jlox11a- Artemis Lochia (po)J,HnKa), rroce6Ho noTBpi!,CH KynT no Xanoc
BO <I>THOTH)J,a HO H BO ilepraMOH.l7 roneMOTO CBCTHJIHIIITC Ha ApTCMHJia O)J, Ecpcc, KOC C IlO-
TBp)J,CHO co nocToe!he Ha xpaM ymTe O)J, VII 11 no•ICTOKOT Ha VI ncK npcr~ H.e., e nmHaTo TO'IHO
KOilKY TaMy e aCHMHTIHpaH XCJICHCKHOT KynT CO npacTapOTO a3HCKO JJ,OMalliHO 6o:>KCCTBO, CO
cnwmo 3Ha'ICihe. Dp11cycTBOTO 11 Ha osaa cpopM a Ha ApTCMH)J,a (Artemis Ephesia), noTnpgeHa co
HaTnHCHTe O)J, CTo611 O)J, p11MCKO npcMc, 1ti yKa:>Kyna Ha KOHTHHYHPaHHTC penai~HH co Mano-
a3HCKHOT Kpyr, O'JI.ffTICJIHH 11 BO ccpepaTa Ha MaTCpMjanHaTa KynTypa . 19 Bo MCTO BpCMC CC 'IHHH
)J,CKa IlOKa:>KynaaT KOJIKY 6Hll0 DOJICCHO npHcpaKalhCTO Ha HCKOH 60:>KCCTBa 1a KOH BCKC IlOCTOjaT
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npocTop 1ana)J,HO or~ BapJJ;ap, 20 aHa TepHTOpHjaTa or~ crcjcKHOT gen Ha aHTWIKa MaKCJIOHHja ce
janyna CO MHOry )J,pyrH CllHTCTH, lliTO yKa:>Kynaa Ha CJII1'1CH npOU,CC BO )J,CrpHHHpalhCTO Ha
MHoryTe enH:KJIC311 Ha 6o:>KHIJ,aTa.2 1 Ona HCj1HHO np11cycTBO Ha najoHCKO-MaKCJ!,OHCKHOT

1 1 Penjecj:JoT on CToGH ro oGenonenyBaaT L. lleuzey, II. Daumct. Missirm archeolologique de Maccdoinc, Paris,
1876, 337- 338, H HIIC'HCTHpaaT fla lll\CHTHcj:JHI;at(Hja CO }J,CMeTpa. nonsnet;:ysajKH ro llO'IHTyBafbeTO Ha TpHjanaTa H
Ka6Hptne- )J,HocKypHTe so CaMoTpaKe, cera 111ry6cn.
12 Bo csojan cTyn Hj a F. Chapouthi er, Les Dioscures au sevice d'u11c dee sse. Paris. I ')36, 23-96, norol!ysa noseKe
3na•tetba na 6olKH!IaTa noMefy )J,HocKypHTe, KaKo )J,eMeTpa. Tuxe, XeneHa, K116ena, liOfleKa co ApTCMHlla Ephesia ja
HnenTHcfmKysa CaMO TaMY Kane e npeTCTaBCHa BO BHfllla npO'!YCitaTa CTaTya Ha a1HCKaTa ApTcMHlla on Ecpcc, 74-76.
13 M. B. llalzopoulos , Artemis , Digaia 8/aganitis en Maccdoine. BCH CXI. 402.
14 B. f:iHTpaKosa fpmnanosa, CiioMI'HIIIllf. 13 7-138; Ead. l'rilog o rcligiji, 72 - 74 .
15 A. Moustaka, Kultund mytlten au{Thcssa lischcn miin:en. Bcitrage zur archaologie, 15. Wurzburg. 1983. 3 1-36. BO
a
cj>opMa fta Enodia Pheraia : L. Robc r1 , Une deesse cltcval en MacCdoinc. llcllc11i ca XI-XII, 594.
16 M . B. Hatzopoulos. Artemis, 405.
17 P. Map111i. op. cit., 3 7; H. Byn11h . CiioMI'IIliK, LXXI ( 1931), 176, Gp. 462; S. Dull. op. cit .. 302. 11. 65 .
18 H. Byn111i. CiioMmuK, LXXI (193 1), 46, 6p. 104; It!. Cr/o;.teHuK, LXXV (1933), 27 6p. 70; S. Dull. 67.
19 B. CoKOJTOBCKa. Jfcap, 119-121; B. f:iHTpaKosa fpo1)1allosa, CI7o.•wHIII{II, 155, 162, 163.
20 HaTnHcoT on )f(Hsojuo, H. BynHii. CrloMI'H II K, LXXV (1933), 13, 6p. 20; S. Dull , 308.11. 75.
21 M. B. Hatzopoulos, Artemis, 403-405 , rH nonsncKysa noscKCTO cj:JopMH na ApTcMHna 6tyulu, B/..ayuvl1:t<;,
'Ayponfpa, rat;o>pl1:1<;, Ma, fiOCJTcnHaTa e OTK1li1ella 11 BO flpeTOp. HJTYCTpHpaHa Ha Cfllla 6potneHa fiJTO'IKa HneHTH-
cpHKysatta on N. Proeva, La deessc Mii capadocienne et son culte en Macedoine d'aprcls wre plaque vNil'l? en bronze de l'retor. ZA
XXXIII (1983). 165-183: M. B. Hatzopou los so naseneiiHOT Tpyn. crp . 404, fus not. 2tl, Hero nenH MHCJTett..eTo co H . flpoesa H
CMeTa )ICKa He nana 0/lfOBOp Ha npo6JJCMOT Ha 60lKHUaTa Ma BO MaKenoHHja, lUTO e Cc KaKO MHory KOMfiJTCKCHO
npalllafbe, HMajKH rH BO npe]J,BHn HOBI1Tc HaTfiHCH on MaKe)IOHIIja.

PEJJI1fi111TE 11 PEJ!Hfl1CK!1TE ACnE!..'Tl1 HA MATEPl1JAJIHATA l1 ,O:YXOBHATA KYJJTYPA

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rroogpegeHo 611ja JJ;eqmHHpane KaKo ApTeMHJJ.a.

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Ha 60)KH!~aTa , na 6H MO>Keno JJ.a CC O'ICKyBa HCfOBO OTKpHBaihC CO JTOHaTaMOI.IIHHTC HCKOrryBaiha
Ha noKanHTCTOT. Ho 1a >Kan, HHTY CJJ;CH CIIHrpacpCKH CIIOMCHHK HC fO fiOTRpp,yna HCj3HHOTO HMC.
llHKOBHTe Ha KHGena ce pa6oTCHH no KaMcH, no MepMcp H TcpaKOTa. HeKOH OJJ. HHB ·cc
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MajKa Ha 6orOBHTC H HCj1HHHTC THIIOnOIIIKH H CTHnCKH BapHjaqHH Ha Taa TCMa , CC OJJ,pa3 Ha
Manoa3HCKHTC BnHjaHHja H yKa>KyBaaT Ha IIClTHU!TaTa Ha npOJJ;OpHTC, 1a I.IITO C BCKC 36opy-
BaHo.23 CnHKHTC-penjecpH Ha KH6ena ce 6pojHo rrpHcyTHH no erejcKHOT rrpocTop, co roneM
HHTCH3HTCT 3acTarreHH no Mana A:mja, ocTpORHTC, TienorroHC1, ATHHa co ATHKa 24 , MaKCJJ.OH-
CKO-TpaKHCKHOT 6per 25 H 3aiiaJJ;HOTo U:pHoMopHe.26 KaKo !JITO nogsneKoB, Ha HHcgeH HaTnHc

22 E. JocmpocKa , Pa>rne n.H 9, (Il.V 1958); B. nHTpaKoBa fpo>nalloBa. Ctlo,~trllllllU, 124 - 126, 13 6; Eat!. ZA
(1991) 162- 168; B. CoKonoRcKa,.lluKOaHuilie iipeiliciiianu fUl Ku6eJw , Mac. Ac. Archeol. 9, (1988) 113 - 127.
23 B. oHTpaKoRa fpO>n.aHosa,ZA(l991), 167- 168;
24 E. Will, Le relief cultuel greco-romain, Paris. 1955, 427-430; M. J. Vem1aseren, Corpus wltus Cybelae Attidisque II .
Graecia at que in sulae. Le itlen. 1972. n. 183, 239, 241, 454, 461, 512. 611.
25 J . Pouilloux, Recherches sur /'histoire et les wltes de Thasos, Pari s. 1954, 384-385; D. Lazaritlou, Pi/ina cidolia
Abdiron, en Athinais. 1960. 37 p. 19, 20; F. Salvi!. Ste/es et naiskoi de Culnlle de Thasos. BCH LXXXVIII (1964). 238-251.

l1CTOPHJ A HA KYJJTYP AT A H A MAK E).lOH HJ A

3 A BE PYBAJ-b ATA BO AHTI1KATA ITO UOJJI1HATA HA BAPL(AP 123

He ce crroMeeyna HMCTO Ha 6mKwu,aTa Kw6ena Ha pa3rnegynaHOTO IIOJJ.pa•Ije. Cnwma nojana ce

3a6eJie)KyBa H BO COCCJJ.HaTa 3anagHa perwja Ha ITajoi-mja, BO cpegHa H 3<HiaJJ.Ha MaKCJl.OHHja,
OJJ.HOCHO BO ropHa H .D:onHa aHTH'IKa MaKC)J,OHHja. Bo HayKaTa e H3HCCCHO MHCJICH>C lWKa EO
MaKegoHCKHOT npocTop Taa e no•mTynaHa no)J, HMeTo Eo)KHI~a Ha 6oronwTe - MHTHP 0ffiN,27
IIpHTOa ce 3CMaaT IIpCJl.BHJl. HaTIIHCH H3BClJ,CHH Ha penjeqm CO J.1JlyCTpaiV1ja Ha JIHKOT Ha
6o)KJi!I~aTa. Ha Cll,Ha og cTenwTe ( og noKaJIHTeToT Arwoc .IJ:eMeTpHoc go AKpHHH) Taa e npeT-
cTaBeHa CCJl,HaTa Ha npecTOJl, CO THMIIaHOH BO paKaTa H JiaBOBH IIOKpaj IIpCCTOJlOT, CJlHKa Ha
6o)KHI~aTa noo6wJaeHa 3a lJ,OI~Ho-xeneHHCTH'IKHOT nepwog, HO caMHOT Hll,OJI P,aTHpa og II-III
BCK. 28

Cn. 2- CraTya Ha K116cna. MapBHHU.H Cn. 3- K116cna , TcpaKoTa. MapBHHU.H

ITp11<fJaKafbCTO Ha roneMaTa MajKa BO 3aCJJ.HHI~aTa Ha BepyBai-baTa BO aHTHKaTa, BO

npocTopwTe no JJ.OIIHHaTa Ha Bapgap, ce 'll1HH ACKa ce JJ.OJI)KH Ha ABC npwmHH. ITpno, roneMHTe
KOMYHHKal~HH KOH KC HaCTaHaT BO IIOCT AJICKCaHP,pOBOTO BpCMC H 11HTCH311BHHTC BpCKH CO
Manoa3HCKHOT cseT. TyKa Tpc6a P,a ce AOHaJJ.aT 11 MO)KHOCTI1 1a noegHHC'IHI1Te npecenynalba 11
Jl.OHeCyBafbe Ha HI1BHHTC 0611'Ial1 OJl. J1CTOK. Ho, OJl. gpyra CTpaHa, aBTOXTOHHTC Bepynalba KOH OJl.
gaMHI1Ha IIOCTOjaT BO TpCTHpaHI10T IIpOCTOp, YIIITC OJl. HCOJIHTCKOTO BpCMC, KYJITOT KOH IIJIOJl,-
HOCTa Ha 3CMjaTa, HaCCKage KalJ,C arpapOT 6eme 6a1a Ha OIICTaHOKOT, TaMy JICCHO MO:>KCUJC ga
611ne npH<fJaTeHo 11 acl1MI1JIHpaHo CJl.HO opweHTanHo 6o:>KeCTBO co CJIJ1'IHO ~ma•relbe. Cera,
6mKHqaTa-MajKa, 3alliTHTHI1'IKa 11 rr,apwTeJIKa Ha 6narococToj6aTa, KH6ena, MO)KCJia 11 ga ro
111ry611 CBOCTO HMC 11 IIOpall,H fOJICMaTa IIpCII03HaTJIHBOCT CO CHTC CBOH aTpHOYTH II03HaTH BO
erejCKHOT CBCT.
KoH nonynapHHOT THn Ha cerr,HaTa 60)!(Hqa OA xeneHHCTH'IKaTa enoxa, ce npHgpy)KyBa
err,Ha cepwja Ha TepaKOTH, ron11 )KCHCKI1 npeTcTaBH, no nma Ha cegeH>e, 6e1 npeTcTana Ha

2 6 G. Bordenache, Scullllrc graechc e romanc. Bucarest, 1969, 31-38; M . Ta'leBa-XHTOBa. Jfcfliopunlla uciliO'IHIIlTte
KYAflioae £1 ooAHa Mu.mnu TpaKun (\1 aeK 1~pecl 1-1.e.- fll oiii ne_). C:ocfmll. 1982, 132- 167.
27 Ph. M. Petsas. MHTHP f-JE0N AYTOXf-JDN. An. Mac. III. Thessaloniki. 1983, 229-249: M. H. I31anchaud, Les culles
orientaux en MacCdoine Grecquc dans /'anliquitc, An. Mac. IV, llJessaloniki. 1986,84,85.
28 El. PIZAKH:E-f. TOYPATrOIAOY, EnifPA<I>E:E ANO MAKEt>ONIA:E, AElHNA. 1985,94, 101. B. 95, 103.

PEJJI1fi111TE 11 PEJJI1fi1CKI1TE ACITEKTH HA MATEPHJAJJHATA Yl UYXORHATA KYJJTYPA

124 llEPA El1TPAKOBA rP03JIAHOBA

cTomn~a. THe ce OTKpHeHH no ncuJTepaTa-cncTmmmTe Kaj ,O:peH Jl,O ,O:eMHp KanHja, 3acJJ,HO co
TepaKTOHHTe )!(CHCKH rJiaBH CO 6nara HaCMCBKa ( CJI. 4, 5), 29 H HCTO TaKa BO HCKpOnOJiaTa OA
CTo6n no rpo6onviTe og I ncK npeg H.e. H no•teTOKOT og HOBaTa· epa (en. 6, 7). 30 EapajKH
eJICMCHTH 3a H)l,CHTHCfJHKai~Hja Ha OBHC npcTCTaBH, 6en ynaTCHa Ha aHaJIOrHH HaO)l,H OA A6gcpa,
CaMoTpaKe, noToa og Tpoja 11 MHpHHa.JI AKo ja npHcpaTHMe HJl,CHTHcjmKaqHjaTa Ha D. Burr
Thompson, Koja H)l,CHTH'IHHTC HaogH og Tpoja rH HMCHYBa KaKo xHepo)l,yiiH, I<e MO)KCMc ga ce
Ha)l,OBp3CMC Ha HCj3HHOTO MHCJICJhC H CO HCKOH HaiiJH COriiCJl.)'Ba!ba. XHcpOJJ,)'IIHjaTa C Bp3)'BaHa
co noneKe )!(eHCKH 6o)!(CCTna, KaKo KHficna, ApTCMHga, Acj)pOAHTa, 32 UITO e noTBpJJ,eHo no
JIHTepapHHTe H3nopH OJl, xeneHHCTWIKOTO npcMe. MefyToa C)l,CH 3aneTeH HaTnHc og Bep11ja ja
noTBpgyaa po6HHKaTa-xHepogyna Ha MajKaTa Ha 6oroBHTe, Koja 3aegHo co cnojoT CHH nogHr-
HYBa cnoMCHHK Ha 6oroT XHncHcToc. 33 Pa3JIWIHHTC cpopMH Ha ,,cseTOTO poncTno'' so xeneH-
cKaTa pemrntja cc ogpa3 Ha MopaiiHHTC H)l,CH so no•mTynalheTo Ha 6o)!(eCTnaTa. Ce 'IHHH )l,CKa
TyKa CTaHYBa 3fiop 3a HarJiaCCHO fiOliHTYBalhC Ha AcppogHTa, HHCTIHpHpaHO OA nogaJie<rCH HM-
nopT. MHOWTBOTO Ha OTKpHCHH TepaKOTHH npeTcTaBH Ha AcppoJJ,HTa, noKpaj xHepoJJ,yiiHTe
npHIIO)!(CHH no rpo6onHTC O)l, CTo6H, og HCTaTa cnoxa, ro noTBpJJ,ynaaT npHcycTROTO Ha
no•mTynm-~>eTo KOH onaa fimKm~a, goToram cnafio 3acTaneHa Ha HameTo noJJ,pa•Jje.

Cn . 4 H 5 - Ac!Jpo;urra , ,O.peH- ,O:eMHp Karr.Hja

29 BHJHI fus not. 2.

JO rpo6Hl1TC [\CJHI!Ill CO OBaj Bl1)\ 113 TCpaKOTI1 0)\ CT06!1 lie ce o6jaRClll1. lfnycTpat~l111TC BO TCKCTOT HOC3T
cHrHaTypa 11a CTo611TE 71 -2 l,TE 73 --5.
31 D. Burr ·n10mpson. Troy, the terraco//a figurienes of the hcllcnistic period. Princeton. 1963. 87-99: D. Lazaiidou. op.
cit., 66, B 91, B 92; S. Mollard-Besques , Figurines et reliefs en terre-mire grecs et romains. Patis. 1963. 11-13. Pl. 9.
32 J. A.l!ild. Hieroduli, DAGR III/I, 171 - 174; Strab. VI, 272; VIII, 378; Paus. VIII. 24, 3; X. 32, 8.
33 Ph. M. Pctsas, op. cit., 232-233.

HCTOPHJA HA KYJ!TYPATA HA MAKEJII)HHJA

3A BEPYB Aih .-\T .I ll<"l AHTHKATA Til) 1\<)JIHHATA HA RAP)lAP 125

CJI . 6, 6a- XHt:poAyJia, Tc:paKoTa , CTo611 TE 7L-2 CJI. 7, 7a- XHt:poAyJia , Tc:paKoTa, Cro611 TE 73-5

Op11eHTaJTHaTa nap11jaHTa TyKa ce HaMCTHyna co np11cycTBOTO Ha cegHaTI1TC ron11 <jJH-

rypH KaKo 11 co OHI1e TcpaKOTHH rnaBH co HacMeRKa 11 penje<jJHo 1pa'IHI1 KPYHH. 34 CJIWIHI1 npeT-
cTaBH ce HajgeHI1 130 Afigcpa, Tpoja, KOH ynaTynaaT Ha cHp11CKI1 sn11jaH11ja.35 Mo:>Ke611 H TyKa
CTaHyna 1fiop 1a KYilTOT KOH A<jlpog11Ta Pandcmos 111111 Pornc, Koj KC HMa TCH)J,CHI.(HH Ha TpaHc-
<jlopMHpalhe, nonpHMajKH O!l,pCJl,CHa npaKTHKa np11CYTHa RO Op11CHTilJIHI1TC I~epcMOHHjaJIH
(H1JlO:>KyBalbC Ha :>KCHHTC npC!l, CTpaH~HTC 11JII1 CRCTaTa npOCTHTYI.I,Hjaf~IJ napa11CJ111TC lJlTO CC
cpeKanaaT 11 so KynTypH11Te cnocsH Ha aTHHcKaTa Aropa, O,!l, .O:enoc, CaMoTpaKc, Tpoja, rJiaBHO
l RCK npC!l, H.C. 11 HCUJTO TIOKaCH0,3 7 yKa:>KysaaT Ha OROj )J,Ol(HO - XCJICHHCTI1'TKH 0611'Jaj KOj BO
Oil,
)J,OmiH<lTa Ha Bapgap, Oil, H1ROpHHT C MaJ10a3HCKH npOCTOpH CTHrHyRa Ha TpaKOMaKC)J,OHCKHOT
fipcr, Kage BO ypfiaHHTC CpC!l,HHH 0'1HfJIC)J,HO HCTO TaKa Haofa CBOI1 HOKJIOHHl(H.

34 £3. bHTp <H.:OBa fp01]1allOBa. Ci/OM('Hl/1~11 , 138- 139.

35 D. Burr Tiwmpson. op. cir. , 93. n. 71.
36 J. A. !Iii d. op. cit .. 173.
3 7 D. Burr Tiwmpson. op. cit., 91-92.

PEJ!Hfl1HTE Yl PF.JII1fHCKl1TE ACTIEKTI1 HA MATEPHJAJIHATA l1 ,llYXOBHATA KYJITYPA

126 BEPA El1TPAKO!lr\ rP03,llAHOIJA

On MamKHTe 6mKccTna goMHHaHTHO MecTo 3a3eMaaT ,O:HoHnc H 3enc. ,O:HOHHc e

noce6Ho no•mTynaH Kaj IlajoHI~HTC no.n; HMCTO ,O:nanoc (Dyalos). HcronaTa JIHKOBHa H3BCJJ,6a e
3acTancHa I-Ja MOHCTHTe, no cKynnTypaTa, no penjcqmTc,38 no intcrprctatio graeca,3 9 HO u so
CHM60JIH'IHH CJIHKH, ll!TO MO:>KC ga CC HapC'IC ,,najOHCKa HHTCpnpeTaquja". 40 Og JJ,pyra CTpaHa,
BpXOBHOTO OO:>KCCTnO 3esc, ,0:1-WC, KOj CC cpeKaBa 'ICCTO HJIYCTJl11paH Ha MOHCTH 11 Ha HCITili1CI1,
HMa cno11 6pojHH en11Kne111: 3cnc Agoraios o.n; IlncTnap HMa onpegeHH ofiene:>Kja, o6ne•ICH no
KpaTOK XHTOH, CTOH TIOKpaj :>KJlTBCHHK; 41 f!OTOa Ha MOHCTHTC on CT06H C IIpCTCTaBCH KaKO 3eBC
Nikephoros.42 11n11 KaKo 3enc Olympios Basilcus OJI. ,O:onHo "LJwieno .n;o CTo6u, 43 11 egHa HHTC-
pecHa nojana, naK KaKo npnMep Ha npo!I,Op11TC Ha opncHTanmnc nepynafha, TOa e 3enc Hypsis-
tos44 IlOTRJ1T\CH Ha HCITilHCHTC on KaBaJJ,a pqH (.O:pcHOBO ), 45 0)1, c. Bemje Kaj HerOTHHO 11 Ha cgeH
HaTrrHc o.n; E11AOMCHC (noKaJIHTCT Ha rp'IKa Tcp11Top11ja .n;o rpaHm~aTa Kaj renrcnuja). 40 I1KoHo-
rpactmjaTa Ha 3enc Hypsistos e no3HaTa npeKy CJI.Ha Herosa npeTcTana Ha KYIITHa cTena o.n;
AKpHHH no Enp.n;aja, co HaTmic og pHMCKaTa enoxa. 47
Bo onaa cpa3a Ha HcTpa:>Kynafba ce CMCTa .n;eKa XnncncToc no aHTH'IKa MaKcp;oHnja
CTHrHYna HajpaHo no II neK npc.n; H.e. HaOJ1.11TC og KanaJJ,apc'IKI10T Kpyr npnnafaaT Ha pnMcKaTa
CITOXa , MCfyToa llJ111MCpOT OJI, E11}J,OMCHC OJI, fi BCK npeg H.C. ro HHI1QHpa nopaHOTO Ilp0,!1;11pa!he 11
npHcycTI:lo Ha onoj KYJIT no .n;oni1HaTa Ha Bap.n;ap.4K

CMeTaM JI,CKa np11q)aKafheTo 11 aci1MHJiai~HjaTa Ha }J,Ojp;cHHTe KYJITOBI1 o.n; HcTOK, co OHHe

nepyna!-ha KOI1 npc.n; Toa cc aKTYCJIHH Kaj nonynaqHHTC no .n;onnHaTa Ha Bap]J,ap, 3Ha'JH noKaJI-
HHTC, aBTOXTOHHTC, OHJIC ITOJICCHO IIpWj)aTCHI1 H gofipep;ojp;CHH nopap;H CJIH'IHOCTa aKO HC H
nopaJJ,H H)J,CHTH'IHOTO 3Ha'!Cfhe. ,O:onnHaTa Ha Bap.n;ap npcTcTanynana, HCTO TaKa, KOMYHHKai~Hja
IIOfOJI,Ha 3a HHI3HO JI,HpCKTHO IljJHCTHrHyBafhC Op; TjlaKHCKO-MaKC,!J;OHCKHOT 6per rrpep; p;a IIJlOJJ,paT
no CpeJJ,Ha, 3ana}J,Ha HJIH ropHa MaKCAOHHja.

38 S. DUll . op. cit., 77-80; V. Bitrakova Grozdanova. ZA XLI-XLII (1992). 71-73; E. ITnposa . Mac. Ac. Archeol. 13
(1993) , 137-1 38.
39 L. Robert. Antanoi, REG XL VII (1934), 32-35; V. Bi\rakova GrozJanova. ZA XLI. 71-72.
40 Ead. 72.
41 L. Hcuzey. op. cit., 327; P. MapHh, op. cit.. 36, np11cyTe11 11 so neJTaromtcKHOT npoCTop so AJTKOMene ; H.
Bymth. GiooiH'IIIIK, LXXI (1931) 140. Gp. 339, 6p. 342; S. DUll. op. cit.. 352-354. n. 156-- 157.
42 H. Gaehkr. Die antikcn Miin:en Nord Gricchcnlantll·. Macedonia und Paionia, Berlin. 1935. 113. n. I 0. Taf. 21. 30.
43 H. 13ymtn . Cao~lll'IIIIK. LXXI (1931 ). 47. 6p. 109; S. Diill , op.cit .. 279. 6p. 17.
44 M. Ta'leRa-XHTOBa. Kl•flilioau. 324-342; HCTO 1a ;;:yJTTOT BO J)aJTKalfOT. M. Ta~eva-llitova. Dcm 1/ypsistos
gc ... ·cihte dcnkrnalcr in den Balkanlandcrn. Balkan studies 19,11Jessaloniki. 197l\, 59-75.
45 S. DOll . op . cit. , 386, 6p. 164 .
46 M. Taceva-Hitova. Hypsistos, 66, 70. n. 2.
47 Ead. 73. n. 15; 8. PIZ-\KH:E - r.TOYPATIOfi\OY, op. cit .. 21, n. 3.
48 M. B. llatzopoulos - L. D. Loukopoulou. Recherches sur les marches orientales des Tcmcnides (Anthcmouncc-
Kalidoia).l'viEAETHMATA II. Athenes. 1992,64-65, cMeTaaT ne;;:a Zeus llypsistos e Ma;;:enouc;;:n K)'JTT. BO Hero corJTeAyRaaT
H3l(IIOifaJTelf 6or, MHTCKI1 npe]\OK,IIl(CtiTapOT 113 BepyBatLCTO ro 6apaaT BO 6epM110H (M. Eapnoyc).

HCTOPHJA IIA KYJT1YPATA HA MAKE.UOHl1lA

3 A BEPYBAlbA I ·' R•1 ,\I I <HKATA flO AOIT I1H ATA HA BAPJlAP 127

Vera B!TRAKOVA GROZDANOVA

ON ANCIENT BELIEFS ALONG THE RIVER VA RDAR

(Su mm a ry)

Know ledge abo ut the beliefs of the ancient populati ons who li ved along the River o f Vardar has been
acqu ired through th e images of d e ities, the d iscovered cul t pl aces - temples, and epigra phic cult rem ains . T his
study follows chie fly th e cult phenomena e xpressed in pl astic arts, withont e xcluding thereby ot her evidence which
can ass ist in the ir in terpre tatio n.
The p las ti c artifac ts have been discovered most frequently in cult places (Oren), in the te mples in Klcpa
near Demir Kapija (Artemis, Dioscuri) and in Marvinc i (Imperator Div us). In the analyses of the ind ividua l finds
discovered in tem ples or during fi e ld excavations, th e author pays specia l attentio n to the d e ities w hose: presence
prevai ls in nu mber. T he c ult of Artemis was a lso m et in m ore epic lcses. Art emis w ith the D ioscuri were
worshi pped as TI1alamos and Dy lon; os in the area of Demir Kapij a, Kav adarc i and Stobi. The presence of Artem is
Lochi a, Ephesia, was confinncd in Stobi, w hich fills out our kno wledge about her worship on th e broader Pa ionian
te rritory.
TI1e orie ntal goddess Cybele, who was highly respected in Marvinc i, h as a dominant position. The author
re lates these iconographic pecul arities to the identical occurences in Asia Minor in the period from 4th to 2nd
centuries B .C., emphas izing the ex istence o f both types o f the goddess. The author closely links the cult of th is
P hrygian goddess to sim ilar autochthonous belie fs connec ted to land ferti lity i.e. to th e cult of th e Goddess -
M ot her, G reat M o ther, Magna mater or MHTEP 8EQN which have been confirmed in the Aegean part of
M acedoni a.
The author a lso iden tified images of hierodu lcs found in Stobi and Ore n, which indicates th at the cult of
Artemis existed on this territory from the late Hellenistic period.
Of male de ities the autho r po ints to the c ult of Dionysus and his autochtho nous worship as Dyalos as we ll
as to the interpr£'/atio graeca of Dionysus. R egarding th e suprem e de ity Z eus, who was respec ted as godly w ith
manifo ld meanings, the author presents his form of Dios Hypsistos, which has bee n unknown in the middle part of
the Vardar region until now .
Accord ing to the author of th is paper the acceptance o f cults imported from the Eas t and the ir ass imilation
w ith the ac tu al o r autochtho nous be liefs o f the local population along the River Vardar occurted easily because of
the ir mutual similarities.
The Vardar regio n prese nt ed a suitable communicatio n point for their direc t and further transm ission from
the Thracian-Macedoni an coast bt:fore the ir penetratio n into west or Uppe r M acedonia.

PEJ!11f Y!I1T E 11 PEIT I1fl1CKliTE ACfl EKTI·l HA MATE PI1JAJIII ATA 11 AYXOB HAT A KYJITYPA