DATE SUBMITTED:

COURSE/YEAR SECTION: SCORE:

ACTIVITY/ EXPERIMENT NO. 4

WORK, POWER AND ENERGY

ABSTRACT

When a force causes motion, it is said to be doing work. Work is done when a person climbs a
mountain, for example, since he is moving against the force of gravity. As a result, work is determined
by two factors: the size of the force and the direction in which the body moves as a result of the
applied force. Because energy can be found in a variety of things, there are numerous types of energy.

OBJECTIVES
1. In physics, define work and describe the link between work and time.
2. Calculate the amount of work done against gravity while climbing the stairs.
3. Calculate the power based on the rate at which the work is completed.

DATA/ RESULTS

Height of each step = 0.2 m

Number of steps = 8 steps
Height of the stairs (h) = (height of each step) x (number of steps) = 1.6 m

Calculations:
cm to m = 20 x 0.01 = 0.2 m
(height of each step) x (number of steps) = 0.2 x 8 = 1.6

Work done Time it Time taken

in climbing takes in while Power Power Power Power
NAM Mass Weigh to third climbing to climbing Outpu Output Outpu Output
E t floor third floor faster t slow slow t fast fast

kg J s S hP kW hP kW
N
74.5 730.1 1168.16 J 15s 7.5s 0.10 0.08 0.21 0.16
kg N hP kW hP kW

Calculations:
N = m x g
74.5 x 9.8 = 730.1 N
W = F x D
730.1 x 1.6 = 1168.16 J

P = W/t
1 hP = 746Watts (W)
1kW = 1000 Watts (W)

1168.16 J/15s = 77.88 W

1168.16 J/7.5s = 155.75 W

77.88 /746= 0.10 hP

155.75 /746 = 0.21 hP
77.88 /1000 = 0.08 kW
155.75 /1000 = 0.16 kW

ANSWERS TO GUIDE QUESTIONS:

1. How does your power output in climbing the stairs compare to the power output of a 100 - watt
light bulb? If your power could have been harnessed and the energy converted to electricity, how
many 100 - watt bulbs could you have kept burning during your climb?

Assume that an adult person has an average mass of 80kg and it takes 30 seconds to climb 5m of stairs.

Energy = mgh = (80kg) (10m/s²) (5m) Potential Energy = 3920 J

P . E 3920 J
Power output = = = 130.66 Power output = 131W
time 30 s

Hence, we conclude that one 100 watt bulbs could be kept burning during the climb.

2. Two people climbed to the roof of a building. The old person walked up a gentle ramp. The young
person climbed up a steep spiral staircase. Which person did more work? Explain.

Work = Force x Distance

The person that climbed the spiral staircase used more force but covered less distance. On the other
hand, the old person who walked up the gentle ramp used less force but covered a long distance.
Since both people reached the same height, the force against gravity was the same hence they did
the same amount of work.

REFERENCES:
Urone, P. P., & Hinrichs, R. (2020, March 26). 9.1 Work, Power, and the Work–Energy Theorem - Physics |
OpenStax. OpenStax. Retrieved May 1, 2022, from https://openstax.org/books/physics/pages/9-1-work-
power-and-the-work-energy-theorem