DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

ME LABORATORY 2

Name:_____________ Course & Year:_____

EXPERIMENT NO. 10
FRICTION LOSS IN FLOW THROUGH STRAIGHT PIPE

I. OBJECTIVE:

To determine the energy loss in a fluid flow through straight pipes due to internal fluid
friction.

II. DETAILED PROCEDURE

Note: Operate the pump with the presence of the Instructor/ Lab In-Charge.
Mount the manometer plastic tubes on the pressure tapping points situated at the top
of the pipe under test. Connect the clear plastic tubes from the pressure taps to the
manometer panel. It is very important to ensure that no bubbles are tapped in the
tubing connections to the manometer. Switch on the pump and allow the water to flow
to the pipe under test by gradual opening of the main flow regulating valve. Regulate
the volumetric flow rate by adjusting the flow valve. Allow 2 to 3 minutes for the flow to
attain steady state and stable before any measurements is taken. Measure the rate of
flow by timing the collection of a known quantity of water in the steeped measuring
tank (or graduated cylinder can also be used).
Note: If steeped measuring tank is used, it is preferable to start the timing at 5 liters of
collected volume of water.
Read and record the pressure drop thru the difference of manometer head across the
straight pipe. Record the length between tapping points, diameter of the test pipe, and
temperature of water during the test. Make several trials of different volumetric flow
rate and follow same steps as described above.

III. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

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 IV. TABULATED DATA AND RESULTS

Water temperature = 30 ° C Di = 22.5 mm PVC pipe L = 1000 mm

Volume
Collected,
time HL Q A V ρ µ
sec mm m³/sec m2 m/s kg/ m³ kg/m-s
ml
510 1.4 310 3.64 x 10^-4 3.98 x 10^-4 0.9146 995.67 7.978 x 10^-4

Relative
Fanning Darcy
(HL / L)½ NRe
factor, fF
Roughness
factor, f
% Error
Є/D
0.3441 25682.37 0.015625 0.035556 0.062501 61.80%

GRAPH:

1. Secure photo copy of Moody’s chart and plot the friction factor, f
2. Obtain the also Fanning’s chart and plot the friction factor, fF
3. Plot (HL / L)½against volumetric flow, Q ( using ACAD or EXCEL )

V. COMPUTATIONS:

VI. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

VII. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

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 RESULTS:

GROUP TRIAL 1
Water temperature = 30 ° C Di = 22.5 mm PVC pipe L = 1000 mm

Volume
Collected,
time HL Q A V ρ µ
sec mm m³/sec m2 m/s kg/ m³ kg/m-s
ml
450 1.2 300

Relative
Fanning Darcy
(HL / L)½ NRe
factor, fF
Roughness
factor, f
% Error
Є/D

GROUP TRIAL 2
Water temperature = 30 ° C Di = 22.5 mm PVC pipe L = 1000 mm

Volume
Collected,
time HL Q A V ρ µ
sec mm m³/sec m2 m/s kg/ m³ kg/m-s
ml
510 1.4 310

Relative
Fanning Darcy
(HL / L)½ NRe
factor, fF
Roughness
factor, f
% Error
Є/D

GROUP TRIAL 3
Water temperature = 30 ° C Di = 22.5 mm PVC pipe L = 1000 mm

Volume
Collected,
time HL Q A V ρ µ
sec mm m³/sec m2 m/s kg/ m³ kg/m-s
ml
433 1.3 280

Relative
Fanning Darcy
(HL / L)½ NRe
factor, fF
Roughness
factor, f
% Error
Є/D

3
 GROUP TRIAL 4
Water temperature = 30 ° C Di = 22.5 mm PVC pipe L = 1000 mm

Volume
Collected,
time HL Q A V ρ µ
sec mm m³/sec m2 m/s kg/ m³ kg/m-s
ml
460 1.2 290

Relative
Fanning Darcy
(HL / L)½ NRe
factor, fF
Roughness
factor, f
% Error
Є/D

GROUP TRIAL 5
Water temperature = 30 ° C Di = 22.5 mm PVC pipe L = 1000 mm

Volume
Collected,
time HL Q A V ρ µ
sec mm m³/sec m2 m/s kg/ m³ kg/m-s
ml
510 1.5 320

Relative
Fanning Darcy
(HL / L)½ NRe
factor, fF
Roughness
factor, f
% Error
Є/D