Akintayo Tomilola Research 2.edited

University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Master of Arts in Nursing
Perez Blvd., Dagupan City
NAME: JENNA LYN DELA REA

COURSE CODE: EDUC 401
COURSE TITLE: RESEARCH METHODS II (BASIC STATISTICS)
Master of Art in Nursing Major: Administration Permit:
I. RESEARCH TITLE
Compliance towards covid-19 prevention measures among Health Care
Professionals and the Family in Kano State Teaching Hospital: a cross-
sectional study with the implication of Covid-19 prevention.
II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1. The study aims to assess and analyze the Compliance with COVID-
19 Preventive measures among public health workers and the
family in following Control Guidelines:
A. Hand Washing
B. The use of a Face mask and Face shield
C. Public Health Worker Safety
D. Cough and Sneeze Etiquette
E. Proper removal of infected equipment
2. In addition, the study aims to know the problems/issues being
experienced by the Public Health Workers and families regarding
their level of Compliance with COVID-19 control Guidelines in
Kano State Teaching Hospitals.

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3. The result of this study will serve as a basis for developing training
and seminar to educate health care workers ON covid-19 control
and preventive measures. Precisely, this study seeks to answer the
following questions:
1. What is the Determinant that influences Public Health Workers'
Compliance with Covid-19 prevention Guidelines?
2. What are the problems/issues being faced/experienced by the
Public Health Workers in Compliance with Covid-19 prevention
guidelines?
3. What training would be developed to improve public health
knowledge and Compliance of public health about Covid-19
prevention Guidelines?
III. RESEARCH METHOD TECHNIQUES OF DATA GATHERING
A descriptive cross sectional-sectional study was conducted at Kano
State Teaching Hospital. The researcher reviewed Control guidelines
set by organizations such as the Nigeria Ministry of Health global and
Infection Prevention and the World Health Organization (WHO). It
describes the Submission to Covid-19 Control Prevention measures
among health care workers and their families in Kano State Teaching
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Hospital. Data were collected by the interviewer using structured and
pretested questionnaires.
This study assessed and analyzed the Compliance of the public health
workers and their families with COVID-19 preventive measures
through the following preventive measures: Hand washing, the use of
face masks and face shields, public health workers' safety, cough and
sneeze Etiquette, proper disposal of infected equipment.
IV. TREATMENT OF DATA
Statistical Treatment of Data
The study utilized a questionnaire checklist as the primary data for the
group tool. The questions were developed first in English and translated
to local languages by an expert in both languages and then back to
English. The questionnaire was adapted and changed in the local
settings from formerly available studies and WHO guidelines.
For problem number 1, The researcher utilized the mean using Microsoft
excel to determine the level of Compliance among public health workers
and their families in Covid-19 control guidelines. The interpretation of
the mean is written below.
Statistical Limits Descriptive Equivalent

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4.21-5.00 FULLY COMPLAINT

3.41-4.20 HIGHLY COMPLIANT
2.61-3.40 MOSTLY COMPLIANT
1.81-2.60 PARTIALLY COMPLIANT
1.00-1.80 NON COMPLIANT
For problem number 2, the researcher carried out the survey using a
Google form that determined the problems experienced by the public
health workers and their families regarding their level of Compliance with
Covid-19control protocol in Kano State Teaching Hospital. The
researcher utilized the mean using Microsoft excel, and the
interpretation of the mean are listed below:
Statistical Limits Descriptive Equivalent
4.21-5.00 STRONGLY DISAGREE

3.41-4.20 DISAGREE
2.61-3.40 NEITHER
1.81-2.60 AGREE
1.00-1.80 STRONGLY AGREE
The results of the data analysis on the level of Compliance among public
health workers and families in Covid-19 Control Guidelines were used to
address problem number 3.
V. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT, VALIDITY, AND RELIABILITY.

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Instrumentation
The questions used in this study were developed first in English and
translated to local languages by an expert in both languages and then
back to English. The questionnaire was adapted and modified in the local
settings from formerly available studies and WHO guidelines.
The first part of the survey questionnaire focused on Compliance with
Covid-19 preventive measures among public health workers and their
families as observed in the following infection control guidelines: Hand
washing, the use of facemask and face shield, public health workers
safety, cough and sneeze Etiquette and proper disposal of infected
equipment. The respondents were asked to provide their ratings from 1
to 5 based on their assessment of the survey questionnaire's indicators.
The second part of the questionnaire was to identify problems/issues
faced/experienced by the Public Health Workers in Compliance with
Covid-19 prevention guidelines.
To establish the validity of the survey questionnaire, the researcher
interviewed the public health worker coordinator who conducted and
implemented the policy and protocol of Covid-19 prevention and control
measures to the whole Family and Community Health Centers. The
researcher used an expert’s assessment checklist that determines the
extent of validity of the instrument. The experts rated the instrument

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with a rating of 4.48, indicating that the instrument was very highly valid
(see appendix E).
The questionnaire was given to the 20 public health workers of the family
and community health center of Kano State Teaching Hospital, who
played a significant role in implanting Covid-19 Prevention and Control
Guidelines to establish the instrument's reliability. This process was
intended to establish the internal consistency of the indicators provided
by the researcher in the survey questionnaire. The computed value of
r=0.979 on part 1 of the survey questionnaire and r=0.797 on part 2 of
the survey questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha shows that the
instrument was highly reliable in determining the level of Compliance
challenges affecting the Prevention and Control practices.
VI. HYPOTHETICAL DATA BASED ON CRAFTED INSTRUMENTS

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Level of Knowledge and Compliance with Covid-19 Prevention and
Control Standards Among Public Health Workers and the Family in kano
state Teaching hospital
Part 1. Profile of the Respondents.

Name: _________________________________
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Telephone number: _________________________________

Gender: ________________________________
Position: _______________________________
Length of service: ______________________
Educational Attainment: _______________
SECTION I. LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE ON THE EXTENT OF PRACTICE
OF KANO STATE TEACHING HOSPITAL PUBLIC HEALTH WORKERS
TO COVID-19 CONTROL GUIDELINES.
DIRECTION: Using the rating scale, rate each question below by
choosing the level of Compliance with the Covid-19 Control guidelines as
observed in the following: Hand washing, the use of a face shield and
face mask, public health worker's safety, Cough and sneeze Etiquette
and proper disposal of infected equipment.
Legend
Scale Descriptive Equivalents

5 FULLY COMPLAINT
4 HIGHLY COMPLIANT
3 MOSTLY COMPLIANT
2 PARTIALLY COMPLIANT
1 NON COMPLIANT
A. HAND WASHING
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. The Facility has an adequate supply of
hand hygiene materials (antimicrobial
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soap/gels, hand towels)

2. Follow the recommended indication for
hand washing (Before touching patient,
before clean and aseptic techniques, after
body fluid exposure risk, after touching
patient, after touching patient surroundings)
3. Supplies ARE Available for Handwashing
and are readily accessible in the patient care
areas. (hand rub gel dispenser, sink with
clean water and hand towels)
4. Public health workers know how to
perform hand hygiene as recommended
during patient care
5. Public health workers are required to
demonstrate hand hygiene competency every
six months
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Facility has a different clinic for all
patients with respiratory symptoms
2. Facility provide billboard poster, a
magazine with teaching about proper cough
and sneeze Etiquette
3. Providing social distancing stickers in the
waiting areas
4. Offering facemask to all center patients
upon entry to the Facility.
5. Provide tissues and no-touch containers
for disposal of tissue.
B. COUGH AND SNEEZE ETIQUETTE

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Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Follow WHO Covid 19 recommendation for
staff vaccination
2. Undergo Covid test regularly

3. Provide training on the prevention and
management of covid-19
4. hospital evaluate the covid result of public
health workers
5. Public health workers report any contact
with an infected person
C. PUBLIC HEALTH WORKER'S SAFETY
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Sufficient Face masks and face shields are
available and readily accessible.
2. public health workers wear a facemask
and a face shield for potential contact with
covid patients,
3. Public health workers wear correct PPE to
protect skin and clothing during procedures
and exposure to Covid patient
4. Public health workers do not wear the
same PPE for the care of more than one
patient.
D. THE USE OF FACE MASK AND FACE SHIELD
E. PROPER DISPOSAL OF INFECTED EQUIPMENT

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Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Used face mask and face shield are
disposed of properly
2. All sharps are disposed of in a punctured

resistant sharps container.
3. Syringes are prepared using an aseptic
technique in a clean area free from
contamination or contact with an infected
person.
4. All cotton balls used for swab test are
5. All gloves used are disposed of properly.
SECTION II. PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY THE PUBLIC HEALTH
WORKER AND FAMILY REGARDING THEIR LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE
TO COVID 19 CONTROL PROTOCOL IN KANO STATE TEACHING
HOSPITAL
DIRECTION: Using the rating scale, please rate each item below by
selecting how you agreed on the list of challenges that affects your
Compliance with Covid-19 Control protocols

5 STRONGLY DISAGREE
4 DISAGREE
3 NEITHER
2 AGREE
1 STRONGLY AGREE
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
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1. Unavailability of Hand hygiene materials
2. Shortage of health care workers.

3. The healthcare department has no
competency-based training program that
provides job-specific training on covid 19
control guidelines
4. No enough written procedures and
policies for covid-19 prevention and control.
Guidelines are available.
5 Lack of training and seminar for public
health workers about covid 19 prevention
and control guidelines.
VII. CHAPTER 4 AND 5 OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA
This chapter features the presentation, analysis of the data, and
interpretation of the findings gathered in this study. It is discussed in the
following order: Level of Compliance among public health workers and
the family in following Covid-19 Control guidelines as observed in the
following Hand washing, the use of face mask and face shield, public
health worker safety, Cough and sneeze Etiquette and proper disposal of
infected equipment. And the list of problems that affect the Compliance
of the public health workers and families with Covid 19 control
guidelines.
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LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE ON THE EXTENT OF PRACTICE OF PUBLIC
HEALTH WORKERS TO COVID-19 CONTROL GUIDELINES.
The researcher used the five categories of Standard precautions as Hand
washing, the use of a face mask and face shield, public health worker
safety, Cough and sneeze Etiquette, and proper disposal of infected
equipment in the assessment of the level of Compliance in the extent of
the practice of kano state teaching hospital public health workers to
Covid-19 control guidelines.
HAND WASHING
The researcher used the following indicators presented in table 1 to
determine the level of Compliance on the extent of the practice of kano
state teaching hospital public health workers to Covid-19 control
guidelines.
as observed in Handwashing
As presented in table 1 on the next page, the public health works rated
the indicator that the knows the step of proper handwashing/hand
rubbing technique with the highest mean of 4.35 (Ranked 1) having a
descriptive equivalent of fully compliant.

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Table 1
Level of Compliance on the Extent of Practice of Kano state
teaching hospital public health works to covid control guidelines
Indicator Mean DE Rank

3.35 MC 5
Nurses know the step of proper
handwashing/hand rubbing technique
2. Following the recommended indication

for hand washing (Before touching
patient, before clean and aseptic
techniques, after body fluid exposure risk, 3.7 HC 3
after touching patient, after touching
patient surroundings)
3. Supplies are available for hand washing

and are readily accessible in the patient
care areas. (hand rub gel dispenser, sink 3.55 HC 4
with clean water and hand towels)
4. public health workers know how to

4.35 FC 1
during patient care
5. Nurses are required to demonstrate

hand hygiene competency every six
3.85 HC 2
months
Overall Mean 3.76 HC

N=45
Statistical Limits Descriptive Equivalent Abbreviations

4.21-5.00 FULLY COMPLAINT FC
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3.41-4.20 HIGHLY COMPLIANT HC

2.61-3.40 MOSTLY COMPLIANT MC
1.81-2.60 PARTIALLY COMPLIANT PC
1.00-1.80 NON COMPLIANT NC
It indicated that the public health workers are required to demonstrate
hand hygiene competency every six months was rated with a mean of
3.85 (Ranked 2), having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant. On
the other hand, Following the recommended indication for hand washing
(Before touching patient, before clean and aseptic techniques, after body
fluid exposure risk, after touching patient, after touching patient
surroundings) was rated with a mean of 3.70 (Ranked 3) having a
descriptive equivalent of highly compliant. Moreover, the indicators were
the Supplies necessary for hand hygiene are available and readily
accessible in the patient care areas. (Hand rub gel dispenser, sink with
clean water, and hand towels were rated with a mean of 3.55 (Ranked 4),
having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant. Lastly, the indicator
where the Facility has an adequate supply of handwashing materials
(antimicrobial soap/gels, hand towel) was rated with a mean of 3.35
(Ranked 5), having a descriptive equivalent of mostly compliant. With an
overall computed mean of 3.76 having a descriptive equivalent of highly
compliant, the Level of Compliance on the Extent of Practice of Kano
state teaching hospital public health works to covid control guidelines.

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COUGH AND SNEEZE ETIQUETTE

The indicators presented in Table 2 were used to determine the level of
Compliance on the extent of the practice of Kano state teaching hospital
public health works to covid control guidelines as observed in Cough and
Sneeze Etiquette. The Public Health Workers rated the Facility has a
separate ward for all patients with symptoms with the highest mean of
3.90 (Ranked 1), having a descriptive equivalent of fully compliant as
presented in table 2 below.
Table 2
Level of Compliance on the Extent of Practice of the Extent of
Practice of Kano state teaching hospital public health workers to
covid control guidelines. N=45

4. Facility has a separate clinic for all
3.90 HC 1
patients with symptoms
5. Facility provide billboard poster
magazines with instructions about proper 3.70 HC 2
cough and sneeze Etiquette
3. Providing social distancing stickers in
3.50 HC 3
the waiting areas
4. offering face masks to all patients of the
2.60 PC 5
center upon entry to the facilities
5. Providing tissues and no-touch
3.15 MC 4
receptacles for disposal of tissue
Overall Mean 3.37 MC

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Furthermore, the indicator was the Facility provided billboard posters
and magazines with instructions about proper cough and sneezing.
Etiquette was rated with a mean of 3.70 (Ranked 2), having a descriptive
equivalent of highly compliant. On the other hand, providing social
distancing stickers in the waiting area was rated with a mean of 3.50
(Ranked 3), with a highly compliant descriptive equivalent. Moreover, the
indicators were the Facility provides tissues, and no-touch receptacles
for disposal of tissue was rated with a mean of 3.15 (Ranked 4), having a
descriptive equivalent of mostly compliant. Lastly, the indicator was that
the Facility offering facemask to all center patients upon entry to the
Facility was rated with a mean of 2.60 (Ranked 5), having a descriptive
equivalent of partially compliant. With an overall computed mean of 3.37
having a descriptive equivalent of mostly compliant, it shows that Level
of Compliance on Extent of Practice of Kano state teaching hospital
public health works to covid control guidelines observed in Cough Sneeze
Etiquette heads mostly compliant.

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PUBLIC HEALTH WORKER'S SAFETY

1. Follow WHO recommendations for staff
3.75 HC 5
immunization
2. Undergo an annual routine medical
3.15 MC 3
examination
3. Provide training on prevention and
3.50 HC 4
control of covid 19
4. Hospital evaluates the covid results of
3.95 HC 1
public health workers
5. Public Health workers report any
3.85 HC 2
contact with an infected person
Compliance on the Extent of Practice of Kano state teaching hospital
public health workers to covid control guidelines as observed in public
health workers' safety.
As presented in table 3 below, the nurses rated that the Hospital
evaluates the covid results of health care workers with the highest mean
of 3.95 (Ranked 1) having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant.
Table 3
teaching hospital public health works to covid control guidelines as
observed in Public Health workers Safety
N=45
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1.00-1.80 NON-COMPLIANT NC
Furthermore, the indicator where the public health workers report any
contact with an infected person was rated with a mean of 3.85 (Ranked
2), with a highly compliant descriptive equivalent. On the other hand,
Following the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for staff
vaccination was rated with a mean of 3.75 (Ranked 3), having a
descriptive equivalent of highly compliant. Moreover, the Hospital
provides training on prevention and control of covid 19 was rated with a
mean of 3.50 (Ranked 4), having a descriptive equivalent of highly
compliant. Lastly, the indicator where the nurses undergo annual
routine medical examination was rated with a mean of 3.15 (Ranked 5)
with a mostly compliant descriptive equivalent. With an overall computed
mean of 3.64 having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant, it
shows that Level of Compliance on the Extent of Practice of Kano state
teaching hospital public health works to covid control guidelines as
observed in public health workers safety heads highly compliant.
THE USE OF A FACE MASK AND FACE SHIELD

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public health workers to covid control guidelines as observed in the use
of face shields and face masks observed in Personal Protective
Equipment.
As presented in table 4 below, the health care workers rated that the
public health care workers wear correct PPE to protect skin and clothing
during procedures and exposure to a covid patient with the highest mean
of 3.65 (Ranked 1), having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant.
Table 4

teaching hospital public health workers to covid19 control
guidelines as observed in the use of face shield and face mask

1. Sufficient face mask and face shield is available and
3.30 MC 5
readily accessible
2. public health workers wear facemask and face
3.60 HC 2
shields for potential contact with a covid patient.
3. Public health workers wear correct PPE to protect
skin and clothing during procedures and exposure to 3.65 HC 1
Covid patients.
4. Public health workers wear mouth, nose, and eye
protection during procedures that are likely to
3.55 HC 3
generate splashes or sprays of blood or other body
fluids.
5. Public health workers do not wear the same PPE for
3.50 HC 4
the care of more than one patient.
N=45
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Furthermore, the indicators were the public health workers wearing face
masks and face shields for potential contact with covid patients were
rated with a mean of 3.60 (Ranked 2), having a descriptive equivalent of
highly compliant. On the other hand, public health workers wear mouth,
nose, and eye protection during procedures that are likely to generate
splashes or sprays of blood or other body fluids was rated with a mean of
3.55 (Ranked 3), having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant.
Moreover, the indicators were that the public health workers do not wear
the same PPE for more than one patient was rated with a mean of 3.50
(Ranked 4), having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant. Lastly,
the indicator Sufficient face mask and face shield is available and readily
accessible was rated with a mean of 3.30 (Ranked 5), having a
descriptive equivalent of mostly compliant. With an overall computed
mean of 3.52 having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant, it
shows that Level of Compliance on the Extent of Practice of Kano state
teaching Hospital public health works to covid control guidelines as
observed in the use of face mask and face shield heads highly compliant.
PROPER DISPOSAL OF INFECTED EQUIPMENT

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public health works to covid control guidelines as observed in proper
disposal of infected equipment.

1. used face mask and face shield are disposed of
3.75 HC 4
properly
4.00 HC 1
resistant sharp container
3. syringes are prepared using an aseptic technique
in a clean area free from contamination or contact 3.65 HC 3
with an infected person.
4. all cotton balls used for swab test are disposed of
3.55 HC 5
properly
5. All gloves used are disposed of properly 3.80 HC 2

As presented in table 5 below, the public health workers rated that All
sharps are disposed of in a punctured resistant sharps container with
the highest mean of 4.00 (Ranked 1), having a descriptive equivalent of
highly compliant.
Table 5
Level of Compliance on the Extent of Kano state teaching hospital
public health workers to covid control guidelines as observed in
proper disposal of infected equipment
N=45

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Furthermore, the indicators where all loves used are disposed of properly
were rated with a mean of 3.80 (Ranked 2), with a highly compliant
descriptive equivalent. On the other hand, used face masks and face
shields are disposed of properly was rated with a mean of 3.75 (Ranked
3), having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant. Moreover, the
indicators were. The syringe is prepared using an aseptic technique in a
clean area free from contamination or contact with an infected person
was rated with a mean of 3.65 (Ranked 4), having a descriptive
equivalent of highly compliant. Lastly, the indicator where all cotton balls
swab tests are disposed of properly was rated with a mean of 3.55
(Ranked 5) with a highly compliant descriptive equivalent. With an
overall computed mean of 3.75 having a descriptive equivalent of highly
compliant, it goes to show that the Level of Compliance on the Extent of
Practice of FCM Nurses to Infection Control Protocols as observed in Safe
Injection Practice heads highly compliant.
SUMMARY ON THE LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE ON THE EXTENT OF
PRACTICE OF KANO STATE TEACHING HOSPITAL PUBLIC HEALTH
WORKERS TO COVID 19 CONTROL GUIDELINES

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The summary of the level of Compliance was presented in table 6

using the computed overall mean of the five categories of Standard
precautions: Hand washing, Cough and Sneezing, Etiquette, Pubic
health worker Safety, The use of face shields and face masks, and Proper
disposal of infected equipment.
Table 5
SUMMARY OF THE LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE ON THE EXTENT OF
PRACTICE OF KANO STATE TEACHING HOSPITAL PUBLIC HEALTH
WORKERS TO COVID 19 CONTROL GUIDELINES
Areas Mean DE Rank

HAND WASHING 3.76 HC 1
COUGH AND SNEEZE
3.37 MC 5
ETIQUETTE
PUBLIC HEALTH WORKER'S
3.62 HC 3
SAFETY
THE USE OF A FACE SHIELD
3.52 HC 4
AND FACE MASK
PROPER DISPOSAL OF
3.75 HC 2
INFECTED EQUIPMENT
Grand Mean 3.60 Highly Compliant

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As manifested in table 6, Hand washing was rated by the health
care workers with the highest computed overall mean of 3.76 (Ranked 1),
having a descriptive equivalent of highly compliant. Furthermore, the
health care workers rated the proper disposal of infected equipment with
a mean of 3.75 (Ranked 2), having a descriptive equivalent of highly
compliant. On the other hand, Public Health worker safety was rated
with a mean of 3.62 (Ranked 3) and a highly compliant descriptive
equivalent. Moreover, Personal Protective Equipment was rated with a
mean of 3.52 (Ranked 4), having a descriptive equivalent of highly
compliant.
Lastly, Cough and Sneeze Etiquette were rated with a mean of 3.37
(Ranked 5), with a highly compliant descriptive equivalent. It indicates
that the Level of Compliance on the Extent of Practice of Kano state
teaching hospital public health workers to covid 19 control guidelines
heads highly compliant as perceived by the nurses.
CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED BY THE PUBLIC HEALTH WORKERS
AND THE FAMILY REGARDING THEIR LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE TO

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COVID-19 CONTROL GUIDELINES IN KANO STATE TEACHING
HOSPITAL.
Challenges encountered by the public health workers and the
family regarding the Level of Compliance to Covid-19 Control guidelines
in the study were identified and organized by the researcher and
presented in succeeding tables that feature the presentation, analysis of
the data, and interpretation of the findings gathered in this study.
Table 7
1. Unavailability of Hand hygiene
2.55 A 4
materials
2. Shortage of health care workers. 2.10 A 5
4.30 SD 2
control guidelines
policies for covid-19 prevention and 4.50 SD 1
control. Guidelines are available.
health workers about covid 19 prevention 3.30 D 3
Overall Mean 3.39 A
CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED BY THE PUBLIC HEALTH WORKERS
AND FAMILIES REGARDING THEIR LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE TO
COVID-19 CONTROL GUIDELINES IN KANO STATE TEACHING
HOSPITAL.
Scale Descriptive Equivalents Abbreviations

5 STRONGLY DISAGREE SD
4 DISAGREE D
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3 NEITHER N
2 AGREE A
1 STRONGLY AGREE SA
As manifested in table 7, the public health workers rated no
written policies and procedures about COVID-19 control protocols
available, current, and based on evidence-based guidelines by WHO, with
a highest computed overall mean of 4.50 (Ranked 1) having a descriptive
equivalent of strongly disagree. Furthermore, The Health care
Department has no competency-based training program that provides
job-specific training uncover-19 control guidelines, with a mean of 4.30
(Ranked 2) having a descriptive equivalent of strongly disagrees. On the
other hand, the Lack of training and seminar for public health workers
about covid-19 control guidelines was rated with a mean of 3.50 (Ranked
3), with a descriptive equivalent of disagree. Moreover, the Unavailability
of Handwashing materials was rated with a mean of 2.55 (Ranked 4),
having a descriptive equivalent of agree.
Lastly, the Shortage of health care workers was rated with a mean
of 2.10 (Ranked 5), having a descriptive equivalent of agrees, with an
overall computed mean of 3.39 having a descriptive equivalent of Agree.
It indicates that the public health workers agree that their challenges
affect their compliance level to Covid-19 Control Guidelines.

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A missed nursing care supported this study, and public healthcare-
associated covid 19 share many of the same contributing factors,
including poor health workers working conditions, low health care
worker-patient ratio, low health care workers staffing levels, high health
care burnout, high health care worker workload, high bed
occupancy and high patient turnover (Kalisch, 2006; Hugonnet et al.,
2007; Stone et al., 2007; Griffiths et al., 2009; Kalisch et al.,
2009; Cimiotti et al., 2012; Ausserhofer et al., 2014)

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VIII. COMPUTATION OF DATA APPENDICES
Appendix A
PERMIT TO CONDUCT THE STUDY
February 28, 2022
From: Akintayo Tomilola Blessing
To: Dr. Kayode Dolapo

Director of public health worker administrator
Re: Research proposal
Dear Madam,
I, Akintayo Tomilola, Registered Nurse in Kano State Teaching Hospital,

at this moment, request permission from the nursing administration and
Research & Ethics Committee to conduct my thesis with the title
"Compliance towards covid-19 prevention measures among Health Care
Professionals and the Family in Kano State Teaching Hospital
.
This study aims to assess and analyze the Compliance with

COVID-19 Preventive measures among the public health workers and
their families at Kano State Teaching Hospital.
Rest assured that the data to be obtained will be kept confidential.

You are anticipating with heartfelt gratitude for a favorable action to this
request. The complete research proposal will be submitted once
permission is granted to do the study. Your support and advice toward
this application are highly appreciated.
Respectfully yours,
Akintayo Tomilola
Researcher
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Noted:
Carmelo John E. Vidal, D.A., Ph. D.
Dean, Graduate School
Appendix B
LETTER TO THE RESPONDENTS
Dear Respondents,
Greetings!
The undersigned is presently working on “Compliance towards covid-19

prevention measures among Health Care Professionals and the Family in
Kano State Teaching Hospital. a thesis in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Nursing Major in
Nursing Administration at the University of Luzon, Dagupan City,
Philippines.
In this connection, it is earnestly requested that you answer the

following questions with honesty and sincerity and do not leave
unanswered items. All answers presented will be treated with the utmost
confidentiality. There are no "right" or "wrong" answers, for your view is
important. The more honest you are, the more valuable your response
will be.
Results of the study will aid in formulating developmental plans to

better equip nurses in handling diabetic foot complications in ensure
high-quality care to the patients of the healthcare above institution. Rest
assured that your responses will be kept highly confidential.
Thank you very much.
Yours Truly,
Akintayo Tomilola
Researcher
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Appendix C
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
Compliance with covid-19 prevention measures among Health Care

Professionals and the families in Kano State Teaching Hospital
Part 1. Profile of the Respondents.

Name: _________________________________
Telephone number: _________________________________
Gender: ________________________________
Position: _______________________________
Length of service: ______________________
Educational Attainment: _______________
SECTION I. Compliance with covid-19 prevention measures among

Health Care Professionals and the Family in Kano State Teaching
Hospital
Choosing the level of Compliance with the Covid-19 Control guidelines as
observed in the following: Hand washing, Cough and sneeze, Etiquette,
Proper disposal of infected equipment, The use of a face shield, and face
mask. And public health workers safe.
Legend

University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
5 FULLY COMPLAINT
4 HIGHLY COMPLIANT
3 MOSTLY COMPLIANT
2 PARTIALLY COMPLIANT
1 NON COMPLIANT
A. HAND WASHING
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
2. Follow the recommended indication for
hand washing (Before touching patient,
before clean and aseptic techniques, after
body fluid exposure risk, after touching
patient, after touching patient surroundings)
3. Supplies ARE Available for Handwashing
and are readily accessible in the patient care
areas. (hand rub gel dispenser, sink with
clean water and hand towels)
4. Public health workers know how to
during patient care
5. Public health workers are required to
demonstrate hand hygiene competency every
six months
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Facility has a separate clinic for all
patients with respiratory symptoms
2. Facility provide billboard poster the
magazine with instructions about proper
cough and sneeze Etiquette
3. Providing social distancing stickers in the
waiting areas
4. Offering facemask to all center patients
upon entry to the Facility.
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
5. Provide tissues and no-touch receptacles

for the disposal of tissue.
B. COUGH AND SNEEZE ETIQUETTE

University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Follow WHO Covid 19 recommendation for
staff vaccination
2. Undergo Covid test regularly

3. Provide training on the prevention and
control of covid-19
4. hospital evaluate the covid result of public
health workers
5. Public health workers report any contact
with an infected person
C. PUBLIC HEALTH WORKER'S SAFETY
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Sufficient Face masks and face shields are
available and readily accessible.
2. public health workers wear facemasks
and face shields for potential contact with
covid patients,
3. Public health workers wear correct PPE to
protect skin and clothing during procedures
and exposure to Covid patient
4. Public health workers do not wear the
same PPE for the care of more than one
patient.
D. THE USE OF FACE MASK AND FACE SHIELD
E. PROPER DISPOSAL OF INFECTED EQUIPMENT

University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
1. Used face mask and face shield are
resistant sharps container.
3. Syringes are prepared using an aseptic
technique in a clean area free from
contamination or contact with an infected
person.
4. All cotton balls used for swab test are
5. All gloves used are disposed of properly.
SECTION II. PROBLEMS EXPERIENCED BY THE PUBLIC HEALTH
WORKER AND FAMILY REGARDING THEIR LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE
TO COVID 19 CONTROL PROTOCOL IN KANO STATE TEACHING
HOSPITAL
selecting how you agreed on the list of challenges that affects your
Compliance with Covid-19 Control protocols

5 STRONGLY DISAGREE
4 DISAGREE
3 NEITHER
2 AGREE
1 STRONGLY AGREE
Indicator 5 4 3 2 1
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
1. Unavailability of Hand hygiene materials
2. Shortage of health care workers.

control guidelines
policies for covid-19 prevention and control.
Guidelines are available.
health workers about covid 19 prevention
Appendix D
COMPUTATION OF DATA
TABLE 1
Indicator Mean
1. The Facility has an adequate supply of hand hygiene
materials (antimicrobial soap/gels, hand towels)
Nurses know the step of proper handwashing/hand rubbing 3.35
technique.
2. Following the recommended indication for hand washing

(Before touching patient, before clean and aseptic techniques,
after body fluid exposure risk, after touching patient, after 3.7
touching patient surroundings)
3. Supplies are available for hand washing and are readily

accessible in the patient care areas. (hand rub gel dispenser,
3.55
sink with clean water and hand towels)
4. public health workers know how to perform hand hygiene

as recommended during patient care 4.35
5. Nurses are required to demonstrate hand hygiene

competency every six months 3.85
Overall Mean 3.76

TABLE 2
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
Indicator Mean
4. Facility has a separate clinic for all patients with symptoms 3.90
5. Facility provide billboard poster magazines with instructions
3.70
about proper cough and sneeze Etiquette
3. Providing social distancing stickers in the waiting areas 3.50
4. offering face masks to all patients of the center upon entry to
2.60
the facilities
5. Providing tissues and no-touch receptacles for disposal of
3.15
tissue
Overall Mean 3.37
TABLE 3
Indicators Mean
1. Follow WHO recommendations for staff immunization 3.75
2. Undergo an annual routine medical examination 3.15
3. Provide training on prevention and control of covid 19 3.50
4. Hospital evaluates the covid results of public health workers 3.95
5. Public Health workers report any contact with an infected
3.85
person
Overall Mean 3.64
TABLE 4
Indicators Mean
1. Sufficient face mask and face shield is available and readily
3.30
accessible
2. public health workers wear face masks and face shields for
3.60
potential contact with a covid patient.
3. Public health workers wear correct PPE to protect skin and
3.65
clothing during procedures and exposure to Covid patients.
4. Public health workers wear mouth, nose, and eye protection
during procedures that are likely to generate splashes or sprays 3.55
of blood or other body fluids.
5. Public health workers do not wear the same PPE for the care
3.50
of more than one patient.
Overall Mean 3.52
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
TABLE 5
Indicators Mean
1. used face mask and face shield are disposed of properly 3.75
2. All sharps are disposed of in a punctured resistant sharp
4.00
container
3. syringes are prepared using an aseptic technique in a clean
area free from contamination or contact with an infected 3.65
person.
4. all cotton balls used for swab test are disposed of properly 3.55
5. All gloves used are disposed of properly 3.80
Overall Mean 3.75
TABLE 6
Indicators Mean
1. Unavailability of Hand hygiene materials 2.55
2. Shortage of health care workers. 2.10
3. The healthcare department has no competency-based
training program that provides job-specific training on covid 19 4.30
control guidelines
4. No enough written procedures and policies for covid-19
4.50
prevention and control. Guidelines are available.
5 Lack of training and seminar for public health workers about
3.30
covid 19 prevention and control guidelines.
Overall Mean 3.39
Appendix E
INDICATORS 5 4 3 2 1 Mean DE
The indicators in the survey
questionnaire consistently and Highly
2 2 1 4.2
accurately measure the variable of Valid
investigation
The survey questionnaire fits with the 3 2 4.6 Very
variables under investigation. Thus, Highly
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
measuring what it tends to measure. Valid

The survey questionnaire can Very
measure items of variables within a 4 1 4.8 Highly
given time frame. Valid
The survey questionnaire can
distinguish the characteristics of the Very
properties differing from the 3 1 1 4.4 Highly
attributes of the subjects under Valid
study.
The survey questionnaire can gather
Highly
factual data, eliminating biases and 2 2 1 4.2
Valid
subjectivity.
The survey questionnaire can
Very
generate quick and complete data
3 1 1 4.4 Highly
within the time frame to obtain the
Valid
data.
Very
The survey questionnaire is framed
4 1 4.8 Highly
simply to avoid the risk of error.
Valid
Very
Overall Mean 4.48 Highly
Valid
Appendix F
University of Luzon
GRADUATE SCHOOL
COMPUTATION OF RELIABILITY OF THE INSTRUMENT

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University of Luzon

NAME: JENNA LYN DELA REA

Compliance towards covid-19 prevention measures among Health Care

Professionals and the Family in Kano State Teaching Hospital: a cross-

sectional study with the implication of Covid-19 prevention.

II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

19 Preventive measures among public health workers and the

family in following Control Guidelines:

B. The use of a Face mask and Face shield

C. Public Health Worker Safety

D. Cough and Sneeze Etiquette

E. Proper removal of infected equipment

2. In addition, the study aims to know the problems/issues being

experienced by the Public Health Workers and families regarding

their level of Compliance with COVID-19 control Guidelines in

Kano State Teaching Hospitals.

and seminar to educate health care workers ON covid-19 control

and preventive measures. Precisely, this study seeks to answer the

1. What is the Determinant that influences Public Health Workers'

Compliance with Covid-19 prevention Guidelines?

2. What are the problems/issues being faced/experienced by the

Public Health Workers in Compliance with Covid-19 prevention

3. What training would be developed to improve public health

knowledge and Compliance of public health about Covid-19

III. RESEARCH METHOD TECHNIQUES OF DATA GATHERING

A descriptive cross sectional-sectional study was conducted at Kano

State Teaching Hospital. The researcher reviewed Control guidelines

set by organizations such as the Nigeria Ministry of Health global and

Infection Prevention and the World Health Organization (WHO). It

describes the Submission to Covid-19 Control Prevention measures

Hospital. Data were collected by the interviewer using structured and

workers and their families with COVID-19 preventive measures

through the following preventive measures: Hand washing, the use of

sneeze Etiquette, proper disposal of infected equipment.

IV. TREATMENT OF DATA

Statistical Treatment of Data

to local languages by an expert in both languages and then back to

English. The questionnaire was adapted and changed in the local

settings from formerly available studies and WHO guidelines.

excel to determine the level of Compliance among public health workers

and their families in Covid-19 control guidelines. The interpretation of

the mean is written below.

Statistical Limits Descriptive Equivalent

4.21-5.00 FULLY COMPLAINT

Google form that determined the problems experienced by the public

Covid-19control protocol in Kano State Teaching Hospital. The

researcher utilized the mean using Microsoft excel, and the

interpretation of the mean are listed below:

Statistical Limits Descriptive Equivalent

4.21-5.00 STRONGLY DISAGREE

health workers and families in Covid-19 Control Guidelines were used to

address problem number 3.

V. RESEARCH INSTRUMENT, VALIDITY, AND RELIABILITY.

translated to local languages by an expert in both languages and then

settings from formerly available studies and WHO guidelines.

The first part of the survey questionnaire focused on Compliance with

Covid-19 preventive measures among public health workers and their

families as observed in the following infection control guidelines: Hand

safety, cough and sneeze Etiquette and proper disposal of infected

equipment. The respondents were asked to provide their ratings from 1

to 5 based on their assessment of the survey questionnaire's indicators.

The second part of the questionnaire was to identify problems/issues