DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Internship Report on

"PRACTICAL ASPECTS
OF THERMEL POWER
PLANT"

Submitted in the partial fulfilment for the award of

Bachelor of Engineering degree

Submitted by

MALIK REHAN JAKANKATTI 2GO19ME410

MOHAMMEDJAFAR SOLAPUR 2GO19ME416
MD AYUB A B 2GO18ME406
TAUQEERAHMED MULLA 2KA19ME417
KIRAN M K 2KA19ME407

BASURAJ MISHRIKOTI 2KA19ME401

Contents
 COMPANY PROFILE
 INTRODUCTION TO 'GAEL'
 PRODUCT MANUFACTURED
 THERMAL POWER PLANT
 INTRODUCTION TO BOILER
 INTRODUCTION TO TURBINES
 CONCLUSION
ABOUT THE COMPANY

Company Profile:
Name of the company :GUJARAT AMBUJA EXPORTS LTD

Location :Hulasoggi Village, Taluk Shiggaon, Dist haveri(581205)

Asst. Manager (HR) : Suresh Korawar

Industry :Thermal Power Plant

Administrative office :Behind SBI Zonal Office, Kusugal Road, Keshwapur

Hubli (580023)

Registered office :Opp Sindhu Bhavan Road, Bodakdev, PO. Thaltej.

Ahmedabad (380059)

E-mai :hubli @lambujagroup.com

Website : www.ambujagroup.com

:www.ambujaglobal.com

Telephone :+91836-22440197

Fax :+91836-2307255
 Introduction to GAEL:

Gujarat Ambuja Exports Limited is India's leading manufacturer of Starch

derivatives, Soya derivatives and Cotton Yarn. The company has FSSC 22000, ISO
9001:2008, 22000:2005, GMP, Halal and Kosher Certified Units which are well
established, muti dimensional and multi-product.

Gujarat Ambuja Exports Limited (GAEL) has 6 solvent extraction plants in various
parts of India with a combined crushing capacity of 4500MTS per day. Edible oil
refineries and plants for manufacturing hydrogenated vegetable oil, lecithin, bakery
shortening as well as Wheat Milling Division.

Our bio-chemical division is into wet-milling of corn and has set up 4 sophisticated
state of the art corn processing plants of international standards with a combined
crushing capacity of 3000MTS per day, the largest corn processor in India.

We have a ring spinning cotton yarn unit with 65520 spindles and

Gujarat Ambuja's tree brand is a well-established brand of international standard well

known for its best quality yarn in most countries.

We are also engaged in production of green energy from wind turbines and solar.
More than 60% of power generation is by using non conventional source of energy.

The Mission:

Committed to become leading company in the Global and Domestic markets for
quality Agro products and Yarns.

Our Brand:
Ambuja "nurturing brands" explains the encapsulation of our company's mission
statement, objectives, and corporate soul. Like when a child is born and given a
name, a brand needs nurturing, support, development and continuous care in order to
thrive and grow. We at Gujarat Ambuja are endeavoring to shape this perception.

The Vision:

Committed to growth and to become largest corn wet milling company in India by
2018-2019.

Excellent Projects:

i. Unit for Cotton Yarn spinning.

ii. ISO 9001 certification to Soya processing plants at kadi.

¡¡¡ All the plants are set up recently with latest technology and state of the art
equipments and are fully equipped with complete infrastructure. Sourcing
requirement of all oil important inputs like cotton, maize grain by iv.

sourcing locally and by importing from various countries like USA, China, Australia,
Middle East and European countries. Captive power generation ensuring affordable,
uninterrupted and good quality V.

vi.power at all manufacturing plants. Soya processing plants having 2nd highest
crushing capacity in India.
Product manufactured
Corn/Maize Starch:
Diverse uses of starch make it a very versatile product. Maize or Corn Starch is a
typical cereal starch with distinctly low protein and ash contents. Its carbohydrate
content of high purity makes it useful in several industries

Liquid Glucose:

The partial hydrolysis of starch slurry by acid or enzyme gives an end product, which
is commonly known as Liquid Glucose, Corn Syrup or Glucose. Chemically, liquid
Glucose is a mixture of the entire spectrum of carbohydrate molecules derived by
breaking long chained molecules of polysaccharides contained in starch slurry.

High Maltose Syrup:

High-Maltose corn syrup is a food additive used as a sweetener and preservative. The
majority sugar maltose is less sweet than high-fructose corn syrup and contains little
to no fructose. It is sweet enough to be useful as a sweetener in a commercial food
production. However to be given the label "high" the syrup must contain at least 50%
maltose. Typically, it contains 40-50% maltose though some have as high as 70%.

Thermal power plant:

A thermal power station is a power station in which heat energy is converted to
electricity.Typically, water is heated into steam, which is used to drive an electrical
generator. After it passes through the turbine the steam is condensed in a steam
condenser and recycled to where it was heated. This is known as a Rankine cycle.
The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different
heat sources: fossil fuel, nuclear energy, solar energy, biofuels, and waste
incineration are all used. Certain thermal power stations are also designedto produce
heat for industrial purposes, for district heating, or desalination of water, in addition
to generating electrical power.
Types of thermal energy:
Almost all coal-fired power stations, petroleum, nuclear, geothermal, solar thermal
electric, and waste incineration plants, as well as all natural gas power stations are
thermal. Natural gas is frequently burned in gas turbines as well as boilers. The waste
heat from a gas turbine, in the form of hot exhaust gas, can be used to raise steam by
passing this gas through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The steam is then
used to drive a steam turbine in a combined cycle plant that improves overall
efficiency. Power stations burning coal, fuel oil, or natural gas are often called fossil
fuel power stations. Some biomass-fueled thermal power stations have appeared also.
Non-nuclear thermal power stations, particularly fossil-fueled plants, which do not
use cogeneration are sometimes referred to as conventional power stations.
Commercial electric utility power stations are usually constructed on a large scale
and designed for continuous operation. Virtually all electric power stations use three-
phase electrical generators to produce alternating current (AC) electric power at a
frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Large companies or institutions may have their own
power stations to supply heating or electricity to their facilities, especially if steam is
created anyway for other purposes. Steamdriven power stations have been used to
drive most ships in most of the 20th century. Shipboard power stations usually
directly couple the turbine to the ship's propellers through gearboxes. Power stations
in such ships also provide steam to smaller turbines driving electric generators to
supply electricity. Nuclear marine propulsion is, with few exceptions, used only in
naval vessels. There have been many turbo-electric ships in which a steam-driven
turbine drives an electric generator which powers an electric motor for
propulsion.Cogeneration plants, often called combined heat and power (CHP)
facilities, produce both electric power and heat for process heat or space heating,
such as steam and hot water.

Thermal power generation efficiency:

The energy efficiency of a conventional thermal power station is defined as saleable

energy produced as a percent of the heating value of the fuel consumed. A simple
cycle gas turbine achieves energy conversion efficiencies from 20 to 35%.
[3] Typical coal-based power plantsoperating at steam pressures of 170 bar and
570 °C run at efficiency of 35 to 38%,
[4] with stateof-the-art fossil fuel plants at 46% efficiency.
[5] Combined-cycle systems can reach higher values. As with all heat engines, their
efficiency is limited, and governed by the laws of thermodynamics.

Boiler and steam cycle

In the nuclear plant field, steam

generator refers to a specific type of large heat exchanger used in a pressurized water
reactor (PWR) to thermally connect the primary (reactor plant) and secondary (steam
plant) systems, which generates steam. In a nuclear reactor called a boiling water
reactor (BWR), water is boiled to generate steam directly in the reactor itself and
there are no units called steam generators.In some industrial settings, there can also
be steam-producing heat exchangers called heat recovery steam generators (HRSG)
which utilize heat from some industrial process, most commonly utilizing hot
exhaust from a gas turbine. The steam generating boiler has to produce steam at the
high purity, pressure and temperature required for the steam turbine that drives the
electrical generator. Geothermal plants do not need boilers because they use naturally
occurring steam sources. Heat exchangers may be used where the geothermal steam
is very corrosive or contains excessive suspended solids.
Steam turbine:

There is usually a high-pressure turbine at one end, followed by an intermediate-

pressure turbine, and finally one, two, or three low-pressure turbines, and the shaft
that connects to the generator. As steam moves through the system and loses pressure
and thermal energy, it expands in volume, requiring increasing diameter and longer
blades at each succeeding stage to extract the remaining energy. The entire rotating
mass may be over 200 metric tons and 100 feet (30 m) long. It is so heavy that it
must be kept turning slowly even when shut down (at 3 rpm) so that the shaft will
not bow even slightly and become unbalanced. This is so important that it is one of
only six functions of blackout emergency power batteries on site. (The other five
being emergency lighting, communication, station alarms, generator hydrogen seal
system, and turbogenerator lube oil.) For a typical late 20th-century power station,
superheated steam from the boiler is delivered through 14–16-inch (360–410 mm)
diameter piping at 2,400 psi (17 MPa; 160 atm) and 1,000 °F (540 °C) to the high-
pressure turbine, where it falls in pressure to 600 psi (4.1 MPa; 41 atm) and to 600 °F
(320 °C) in temperature through the stage. It exits via 24–26-inch (610–660 mm)
diameter cold reheat lines and passes back into the boiler, where the steam is
reheated in special reheat pendant tubes back to 1,000 °F (540 °C). The hot reheat
steam is conducted to the intermediate pressure turbine, where it falls in both
temperature and pressure and exits directly to the long-bladed low-pressure turbines
and finally exits to the condenser

REFRENCE..
Google
Wikipedia
GAEL.