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DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL
PS 52111
STATIC BALANCING OF COMPOSITE BLADES, COMPOSITE BLADED PROPELLERS AND HUB
ACTUATOR AND BACKPLATE ASSEMBLY LRU BY DOWTY PROPELLERS
1. Introduction
A. The balancing machines described in this specification are those used by Dowty Propellers,
alternative machines may be used provided blades and propellers are balanced to the tolerances
quoted in Tables 1 and 2 respectively.
B. This specification details the procedures for static balancing of composite blades, composite bladed
propellers and Hub Actuator and Backplate LRUs.
2. Scope
A. This specification applies to composite propeller blades, composite bladed propellers and Hub
Actuator and Backplate LRU.
B. Static balance of metal blades and metal bladed propellers is covered in RAS 158.
C. This specification supersedes PS 2111 for all Dowty Propellers contracts.

Any suffix numbers are the same as in the previous PS 2111, i.e. for PS 2111-1 read PS 52111-1.
3. Glossary of terms
A. Camber Face - The face of the blade with the more pronounced curvature. The camber face
is sometimes called the "suction" face; it is the face, which faces forward in
normal flight.
B. Pitch Face - The "flat" face of the blade. It is the face that faces backward in normal flight.
C. Sweep - Shearing of blade sections - usually forward inboard and aft outboard - o f
Pitch Change Axis giving the blade a scimitar like appearance.
D. Plane of Rotation - The plane in which the propeller rotates.
E. Out-of-Balance - The variation of balance moments either between pairs of blades (measured
in ounce. inches) or of a complete propeller assembly (measured in g mm).
F. Reference Blade - Is a blade representative of its type and is used to datum the blade-balancing
machine prior to the blade balancing operation.
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GE AVIATION SYSTEMS LTD PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Use or disclosure of data contained on this sheet is subject to the restrictions on the cover or first page.
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Part of GE’s Aviation Business
4. Propeller Blade Balancing Using Knife Edge Balance Equipment
A. General
(1) When considering blade balance it must be understood that the geometric design of most
blades disposes more weight on one face and edge of a blade than the other. The pitch face,
will almost always be "heavy" compared to the c amber face; similarly, the trailing edge will be
"heavy" compared to the leading edge. H owever, these features may differ if the blade is
swept.
(2) All blades must be balanced in three positions, as follows:
(a) Horizontal Balance
1 Blades are balanced in sets or pairs. This is carried out with the blade horizontal, and
in exact balance (refer to Ta ble 1) against the weight as described in Para 4.D. and
4.G.
(b) Vertical Edge Balance
1 This is carried out with the blade in the vertical position, and with the datum section set
at 0 degrees to the plane of rotation. Blades are balanced in sets or pairs.
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(c) Vertical Face Balance
1 This is carried out with the blade in the vertical position, and with the datum section set
at 90° to the plane of rotation.
(d) Vertical Out-of-Balance
1 It is not normally possible to balance to a master, and blades are balanced in pairs or
sets. Fig ures recorded for vertical face and edge out-of-balance are compared, and
appropriate pairs or sets are chosen assuming their horizontal out-of-balance can also
be corrected.
2 Some blades are fitted with a multi-tube balance tube, with small off-centre balance
tubes (Figure 4). These are used to make small adjustments to vertical edge and face
out-of-balance figures, in order to ease allocation of suitable blade pairs.
3 Allowable tolerance for both face and edge between pairs is ± 10.0 oz.in of it’s
opposite pair (refer to Table 1).
Table 1
Blade Balance
Type of Blade Balance Tolerance Between Blade Pairs or Sets

( oz in)
Horizontal 0 (Exact balance)

Vertical Face ± 10.0 of it’s opposite pair
Vertical Edge ± 10.0 of it’s opposite pair
B. Equipment
(1) An illustration of the equipment is shown in Figure 5.
(2) The equipment is designed to measure the balance moments of blades by means of adjustment
weights.
(3) Balance ways, either of th e hardened steel roller or knife edge type, are mounted on rigidly
constructed and securely based stands about 457 mm (18.0 in) apart. The balance ways are
marked in pairs and must be assembled as such.
(4) The balancing hub is a cast iron/steel or aluminium cylinder, with a hardened steel mandrel at
right angles forming the axis on which the hub rotates when positioned on the balance ways of
the stand.
(5) At the end of each balance way is a ja w-ended lever, these are swung over the mandrel to
centralise it w hen locating the hub relative to th e datum section of the blade. (Refer to
appropriate blade drawing for datum section - normally it is Station J).
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(6) The front end of th e hub is flanged, and the balancing adaptor of the blade to be balanced is
bolted to it; the rear end of the hub has a keyed shaft on which weights are positioned to obtain
horizontal balance. In addition a weight spigot is situated on the side of the rear end to which
calibrated weights are fitted during horizontal balance.
(7) A moveable stand is provided at the rear end of the hub to support the weight shaft when the
machine is not in use.
(8) Studs at 180 degrees are fitted in the hub at the mandrel centre line, and at right angles to it for
adjustment weights. The weights are screwed in or out as necessary when adjusting vertical
balance to a reference blade.
(9) Reference blades are listed in Para 4.K.
(10) A scale graduated in ounce inches, is fitted on the horizontal centre line of the hub for horizontal
balancing readings, and two similar scales are fitted on the centre line of the mandrel at right
angles to it for vertical balancing readings. Each scale has a 20 oz (567,5 g) or 75 oz (2128 g)
sliding weight, which can be set as required.
(11) The blade to be balanced is located in a radial direction by an adaptor ring placed in the bottom
of an adaptor, the adaptor bore providing clearance for the operating pin boss.
(12) There are 4 accurately spaced slots in the face of the adaptor, for angle reference when rotating
the blade to the various balancing angles.
(13) A slot at the rear end of the adaptor is provided for inspection of blade root contact with adaptor
ring.
(14) The front end of the adaptor is slotted between the lugs for the clamp bolt. When it is necessary
to turn the blade to a new angle, release the clamp bolt and re-tighten the bolt when the blade is
correctly positioned.
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NOTE: Clamp bolt may vary in design dependent on blade design.
(15) Parallel to the hub mandrel, and at a d istance of ap proximately the blade datum section is
another stand with an adjustable and removable cross bar.
C. Checking the Equipment
NOTE : The machine/equipment should be s tripped and c leaned every 12 months. This will
prevent inaccuracy of calibration of the equipment due to contamination by lead wool.
(1) The balance ways must be checked for flatness and parallelism yearly.
(2) The procedure in this Section and Para D to J inclusive, must be carried out in dust-free and
draught proof conditions.
(3) The balance ways on the stand must be exactly level and parallel to each other at both ends.
(4) The balance ways must be examined and checked regularly. If corroded, damaged, or faulty in
any respect, the pair must be removed and replaced by a correct pair. Treatment for damaged
balance ways is described in Para 4.C. (9).
(5) The balance ways are checked with a pair of accurately ground parallel steel bars, and a spirit
level graduated to read to 0,0127 mm over a 254 mm length (0.0005 in over a 10.0 in length).
(Refer to Figure 6).
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(6) Checks are made with a bar placed across the balance ways at each end and spirit level
readings taken at each end of the bars. A check is also made with the bars placed diagonally
across the balance ways, and spirit level readings taken in the centre of the bar.
(7) If the spirit level does not read level, the securing nuts of the balance way supports should be
loosened and the vertical adjusting screws at each end adjusted as necessary until exactly
level, and parallel readings are obtained. Then secure the supports and adjusting nuts.
(8) It is essential for all component parts of the balance stand and blade to be kept perfectly clean
to ensure the accuracy essential for correct balance.
(9) Balance way treatment
(a) Rollers must be kept in ground, matched pairs.
(b) As rollers are reduced in diameter by successive grinding operations, the case hardness
must be checked. No reduction in case hardness below 650 VPN is allowed.
(c) On re-assembly to the balance fixtures, treated balance ways must be checked as per Para
4.C. (5) to (7).
D. Setting the Equipment Horizontal
(1) This procedure pre-sets the equipment for balance, to s uit whatever type of blade is to be
balanced.
(2) Insert the appropriate service bush into the blade root of the reference blade for the type to be
balanced. (Refer to Para 4.K.).
(3) Assemble the reference blade in a ho rizontal position in the adaptor of its type with its adaptor
ring fitted. View through the slot in the end of the ad aptor to ensure that the blade is loc ated
firmly onto the adaptor ring. Do not tighten the clamp bolt.
(4) Set the reference blade horizontally at 90 degrees to the p lane of rota tion by bringing the
camber face into c ontact at th e datum station with the removable bar on the second stand.
(Refer to Para B.(15)).
NOTE 1 : It is important that the second stand be carefully set to contact each blade type at
the datum station.
NOTE 2. : Check that the blade angle on the flat face is zero degrees using an Inclinometer.
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(5) Tighten the inner bottom clamp. Refer to Figure 7.
(6) Pencil mark the reference blade at each of the four slots in the face of the balancing adaptors
for angle reference of the blade.
(7) Bring the reference blade to the vertical position. Rotate the blade to 0 degrees (at the datum
section) to the plane of rotation and tighten clamp bolt.
(8) Return reference blade to the horizontal position. Leading edge uppermost.
(9) Position weights on the weight shaft at the rear of the hub until the blade is in pe rfect balance.
Ensure that all sliding weights are at zero ounce inch setting.
NOTE: A calibrated weight may be put on the weight spigot if difficulty is experienced in
obtaining horizontal balance.
(10) Lock weights in this position. Do not disturb during subsequent balancing operations.
E. Setting the Equipment Vertical (Edge)
(1) The reference blade is to remain with the datum section set at 0 de grees to the p lane of
rotation.
(2) Rotate the balancing hub to the vertical, unclamp the bolt and rotate the reference blade to
ensure it is firmly located on the adaptor ring.
(3) Return reference blade to the pencil markings on the blade indicating that the datum station is
at 0 degrees to the plane of rotation then tighten clamp bolt.
(4) Note which edge of the blade is heavier and correct the unbalance by moving the sliding weight
along the scale on the lighter edge until the blade is in exact balance.
(5) Record the out-of-balance moment, read directly off the scale in o unce inches and return the
weight to zero.
(6) Slacken the clamps bolt and rotate the blade through 180 degrees.
(7) Tighten clamp bolt.
(8) Note which edge of the blade is heavier and correct the unbalance by moving the sliding weight
along the scale on the lighter edge until the blade is in ex act balance. The variation between
the two readings must not exceed 2 ounce inches. Return sliding weight to zero.
(9) If the variation between the two readings exceeds 2 ounce inches, adjust as necessary by
screwing the adjustment weights on the hub stud in line with the scale indications, in or out and
repeating the check until the variation between the two readings is within tolerance.
(10) The adjustment weight settings are required for subsequent blade balancing. Do not readjust
during balancing of a set or pair of blades, except in conjunction with Para 4.F.(9).
F. Setting the Equipment Vertical (Face)

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(1) Slacken the clamp bolt and turn the blade to 90 degrees to the plane of rotation (ie 90 degrees
at the datum section) ensure that the blade is firmly located on the adaptor ring.
(2) Note which face of the blade is the heavier and correct the unbalance by moving the weight
along the scale on the lighter face until the blade is in exact balance.
(3) Record the out-of-balance moment, read directly off the scale in ounce inches. Return sliding
weight to zero.
(4) Slacken the clamp bolt and rotate the blade 180 degrees.
(5) Tighten the clamp bolt.
(6) Take readings on the opposite scale and record. The variation between the two readings must
not exceed 2 ounce inches. Return sliding weight to zero.
(7) If the variation between the two readings exceeds 2 ounce inches, adjust as necessary by
screwing the adjustment weights on the hub stud in line with the scale indications, in or out and
repeating the check until the variation between the two readings is within tolerance.
(8) The recorded correction weight is required for use during subsequent blade balancing. Do not
readjust unless in conjunction with Para 4.E.(9).
(9) Note, any adjustment of the weights requires a re-check as in Para 4.E.(9), until the corrections
which achieve no variation greater than 2 ounce inches for both the 0 and 90 degree conditions
are obtained.
(10) The machine has now been set to the reference blade settings. All the following readings on
the same blade type are referenced to this blade.
G. Check Balancing the Blades (Horizontal)
(1) Ensure appropriate service bush is inserted into blade root.
CAUTION : DO NOT USE EXCESSIVE FO RCE ON THE CUFF WHEN ASSEMBLING THE
BLADE INTO THE BALANCE MACHINE.
(2) Assemble the blade in a horizontal position in the adaptor of its type with its adaptor ring fitted.
View through the slot in the end of the adaptor to ensure that the blade is located firmly onto the
adaptor ring. Do not tighten clamp bolt.
(3) Set the blade horizontally at 90 degrees to the plane of rotation by bringing the camber face into
contact at the datum section with the removable bar on the second stand (Refer to Para B.(15)).
Check the blade angle on the flat face with an Inclinometer.
NOTE: It is important that the second stand be carefully set to contact each blade type at
the datum station.
(4) Pencil mark the blade at each of the four slots in the face of the adaptor, for angle reference of
the blade. Tighten inner bottom clamp.
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(5) Bring the blade to the vertical position. Rotate the blade to 0 degrees (at the datum section) to
the plane of rotation and tighten clamp bolt.
(6) Return the blade to the horizontal position. Leading edge uppermost.
(7) Attach additional calibrated weights onto the side spigot until the horizontal balance is biased
"blade heavy." Ensure sliding weights are at the zero reading position.
(8) Move the sliding weight along the horizontal scale until blade balances out exactly in the
horizontal position.
(9) Lock weights and record the moment, reading directly off the scale in ounce inches. Do not
unlock the horizontal sliding weight during subsequent balancing of this particular blade.
(10) Add the sliding weight reading from that g iven by the additional calibrated weights put on the
side spigot (mass moment values in ounce inches are stamped on the weights).
(11) Record the result of the addition in Para (10), this is the amount the blade is heavy to the
reference blade.
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H. Vertical Edge Check Balance
(1) The blade is to remain with the datum section set at 0 degrees to the plane of rotation.
(2) Rotate the balancing hub to the vertical, unclamp the bolt and rotate the blade to ensure that it
is firmly located on the adaptor ring.
(3) Return blade to the pencil marking on the blade indicating that the datum station is at 0 degrees
to the plane of rotation, then tighten clamp bolt.
(4) Note which edge is the heavier and correct the unbalance by moving the sliding weight along
the scale on the lighter edge until the blade is in exact vertical balance.
(5) Record the moment reading directly off the scale in ounce inches and return the weight to zero.
(6) Slacken the clamp bolt and rotate the blade through 180 degrees.
(7) Tighten clamp bolt.
(8) Take readings on the opposite scale and record.
I. Vertical Face Check Balance
(1) Slacken the clamp bolt and turn the blade to 90 degrees to the plane of rotation (i.e. 90 degrees
at the datum section) ensure that the blade is firmly located on the adaptor ring.
(2) Tighten the clamp bolt.
(3) Note which edge of the blade is the heavier and correct the imbalance by mo ving the sliding
weight along the scale on the higher edge until the blade is in exact vertical balance.
(4) Record the moment, read directly on the scale in ounce inches and return the weight to zero.
(5) Slacken the clamp bolt and rotate the blade through 180 degrees.
(6) Tighten the blade clamp.
(7) Take readings on the opposite scale and record.
NOTE: For both edge and face balance the recorded out of balance to enable the blade to
be matched in sets or pairs is the arithmetical mean of the two readings taken 180
degrees apart.
For example:- Balancing a blade in the face direction the reading obtained at 90 degrees to the
plane of rotation was 120 oz in. After rotating the blade 180 degrees the reading
was found to be 128 oz in. on the opposite graduated scale.
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Hence recorded out of balance for face balance of this particular blade is:
120 + 128 = 124 oz in

2
By employing methods laid down in Para’s 4.D.(1) to 4.I.(7) all th e blades of a set may be check
balanced.
J. Balancing the Blades
(1) As stated earlier in Para 4. A.(2), it is not possible to balance composite blades against a
"Master". Refer to Para 4.J.(3).
(2) Recorded out-of-balance data on several blades of th e same type must be surveyed and
appropriate pairs or sets chosen where:
(a) Horizontal balance can be achieved within acceptable tolerance by me ans of the central
tube. Refer to Figure 4.
(b) Vertical and edge balance is no rmally achieved within acceptable tolerance, or can be
achieved by means of the off-centre balance tubes, if fitted.
NOTE 1: If the off-centre tubes are to be used for edge or face balance correction, this
operation must be completed before horizontal balance operation.
NOTE 2: No more than 2 off-centre balance tubes to be used in addition to the central
tube to obtain satisfactory balance. If ba lance cannot be achieved the blade
must be rejected and instructions obtained from the Engineering Department,
Dowty Propellers.
(3) Having check balanced the set of blades the "master" blade of the set or pair shall be selected
by choosing the blade with the largest horizontal mass moment recorded.
(4) When blade pairs or sets have been selected, the appropriate amount of lead wool (P304909)
must be positioned at the outboard end of the appropriate tube, and held in position by a plug.
(Refer to Para 4.A.(2) and Figure 4).
CAUTION : UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES MUST PAINTING OF BLADES BE USED FOR

BALANCE CORRECTION WITHOUT PRODUCTION PERMIT AUTHORITY. PAIN T
MAY ONLY BE U SED ON THE INBOARD SECTIONS OF THE BLADES FOR
BALANCE CORRECTION, AND MUST NOT EXTEND BEYOND THE OUTBOARD
END OF THE DE-ICING OVERSHOE. ADDITIONAL PAINT MUST NOT EXCEED A
MAXIMUM OF SIX TRACKS PER FACE.
(5) Then the blade must be continually checked against its master by using the balancing method
as laid down in Para’s 4.G.(1) to 4.I.(7) until satisfactory balance is obtained.
(6) Record on each blade record certificate, the serial numbers of the balanced pair or set in order
that blades can be correctly marked and assembled.
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CAUTION: BLADES MUST BE KEPT IN O RIGINAL ALLOCATED BALANCED PAIRS AFTER

BLADE OR PROPELLER OVERHAUL.
"MASTER" OF BLADE PAIR MUST NOT BE CHANGED.
K. Reference Blades
Reference Blades Reference Designation
Piper Cheyenne IV LH / Textron C7 PIVL/Reference Blade

Piper Cheyenne IV RH PIVR/Reference Blade
Grumman Tracker SF340-132/Reference Blade
Fokker 50 F50/Reference Blade
SF340-132 SF340-132/Reference Blade
Saab 340B S340B/Reference Blade
Saab 2000/ IPTN N250 S2000/3/Reference Blade
Textron LCAC LCAC/Reference Blade
ShinMaywa US-1A Kai No reference blade – use one of the blades to
be balanced as reference, and balance the
other blade to match within tolerance
NOTE 1: All reference blades to be identified by stencilling the above reference designation
on the blade camber face in at least 1 inch high lettering.
NOTE 2: If propellers are balanced by agencies external to D owty Propellers then each
agency must supply its own reference blades.
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5. Assembled Propeller Balance using the Reutlinger Balance machine
A. Procedure
(1) The assembled propeller, must be balanc ed statically in accordance with the following
instructions, the blades being set at the datum section, to the angles required for the specific
conditions at which balance must be achieved.
(2) Allowable propeller out-of-balance tolerances are as shown in Table 2. Finer tolerances are
achievable if required by the customer.
(3) Accurate balancing is essential to prevent propeller vibration, and must be carried out by trained
personnel.
(4) The balancing of blades in pairs and/or sets is as described in Para 4 of this specification.
(5) The propeller assembly consists of the complete propeller less the beta tubes and spinner.
(6) The balance operation is carried out on a static non-rotating balance machine. (Refer to Figures
8 and 9).
(7) The mandrel (tooling) should be manufactured to the propeller/gearbox shaft spigot tolerances
where it interfaces with the propeller hub.
- Tooling concentricities, squareness and flatness must be held to less than 5,08 x 10-³ mm.
- Tooling stack height must be kept to a minimum. (Refer to Figures 8 and 11).
(8) Balancing must be carried out in a closed room entirely free from draughts.
(9) Ensure that the mating faces between the tooling and the propeller hub are clean and free from
damage.
(10) Assemble propeller onto balance machine tooling.
(11) Set the blades to the required angle as specified in Table 2.
NOTE: If bats are used to a ccomplish blade angle setting, two bats must be used and
applied to opposite blades, thus reducing the offset loading on the balance
machine tooling.
CAUTION : DO NOT SPIN THE PROPELLER BY STANDING STILL AND APPLYING A LOAD TO
THE TIP OF ONE BLADE ONLY.
(12) Settle the pr opeller onto the tooling by rotating the pr opeller 5 times on the tooling. The
operator must walk around the balance machine pushing the propeller in front of him.
(13) Switch on balance machine and allow 3 minutes to warm up. Propeller balance can now be
carried out.
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(14) The 2.3.4. method.
(a) Set the reference balance radius on the balance machine. (See Table 2).
NOTE : This must be positive.
(b) With measuring mode switch in Position 2, set blade No. 4 (o f a 6-bladed propeller) or
blade No. 3 (of a 4-bladed propeller) at 0 degrees referenced to the balance machine.
(c) Using potentiometer No. 1 adjust light spot on screen to show zero out-of-balance.
NOTE : Measuring range switch should be set onto its lowest setting of 100.
(d) When light sp ot shows zero, store potentiometer setting by operating storage switch
(marked 11) (See Figure 9).
(e) Rotate propeller 180 degrees.
(f) Set measuring mode switch to Position 3.
(g) Using potentiometer No. 2 adjust light spot on screen to show zero out-of-balance.
NOTE: If the potentiometer’s capacity is fu lly consumed and the light spot does not
show zero. Reset potentiometers No. 1 and 2 at 50% adjustment setting and
apply weights of suitable magnitude and vector angle to the balance machine
mandrel until light spot appears on the screen. Recommence balancing
operation in accordance with paragraph 5.A. (14) (a).
(h) When zero balance error is indicated by th e light spot, store by operating storage switch
(marked 11).
(i) Switch measurement mode switch to position 4 switch, operating storage switch (marked
11). The position and magnitude at which the balance correction weight must be fitted
at the reference balance radius (Para 5.A.(14)(a)) is now indicated by the light spot.
(j) Check the out of balance of the propeller with blade No. 1 set at 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360
degrees referenced to the machine by gently indexing the propeller to the predetermined
position, and after allowing the vibrating light spot to s ettle down, observe out of balance
reading and record.
(k) If any of the observed out of balance at 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 degrees differs by more
than 3 bands from the original 0 degrees position (3 grams at mea suring range switch
setting of 100), then the balance tooling may be at fault.
NOTE : This error can sometimes be improved upon by the following method.
(l) Determine the angular position referenced to the balance machine at which the largest out
of balance occurs. Determine which blade lies nearest to this angular position and rotate
that blade to the previously noted largest out-of-balance position. This blade is now the
new reference blade.
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(m) Reset the machine tooling as described in Para 5.A.(14)(a) to 5.A.(14)(h) except using new
reference blade and angular position as described in Para (l and m) instead of blade No. 1
at 0 degrees.
(n) Check propeller balance as described in Para 5.A.(14)(h) to 5.A.(14)(k).
(o) If comparisons are still unacceptable at 0, 90, 180, 270 an d 360 degrees tooling must be
checked for wear and distortion.
NOTE : Balance comparisons are acceptable if the variation between out of balance
at 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 does not vary by more than 3 bands (3 grams) at
measuring range switch setting of 100.
(p) Single plane balance is ac complished by attaching the appropriate weight at the previous
predetermined radius programmed into the balance machine, Table 2.
(q) After balancing the propeller refer to table 2 and, if required, perform the additional balance
check at the indicated blade angle. Note and record the out of balance reading. No
balance correction is required at this angle unless outside the increased balance limit.
(15) The 1.3.5 method
(a) An alternative method of check balance (1, 3, 5 me thod) may be used if (on trying to
calibrate the machine by methods in Para 5.A.(14)(a) onwards) the light spot cannot be
centralised using potentiometers No. 1 and No. 2. This would usually be due to :
1 Worn tooling
2 Weight of component outside the range of the electronic displacement transducer

settings.
This method of balancing may also be used to check for total wear of tooling and machine,
and as an addition to checks described in Para 5.A.(14)(k) to 5.A.(14)(o).
(b) With correct balance radius inserted into the machine and blade No. 4 ( of a 6- bladed
propeller) or blade No. 3 (o f a 4-bladed propeller) set at 0 de grees referenced to the
machine, set measuring mode switch to number (1).
(c) Apply weights or plasticine to the balance machine tooling mandrel ONLY(Refer to Figure
10) (NOT THE PROPELLER) and obtain zero out of balance as indicated by the light spot
with measuring range switch set to 100.
(d) Store machine reading by operating storage switch (marked 11).
(e) Rotate propeller 180 degrees.
(f) Set measuring mode switch to position 3.
(g) Using potentiometer No. 2 adjust light spot on screen to show zero out of balance.
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(h) Store potentiometer reading by operating storage switch (marked 11).
(i) Set measuring mode switch to position 5 and note out of balance.
(j) Check out of balance of the propeller with blades set at 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 degrees
referenced to the machine by gently rotating the propeller to the predetermined position,
and after allowing the vibrating light spot to settle down, observe out of balance and record.
(k) Balance comparisons are acceptable if the variation between out of balance at 0, 90, 180,
270 and 360 degrees does not vary by more than 3 bands (3 grams at measuring switch
setting of 100).
NOTE 1: If the light spot does not rotate in sympathy with the predetermined blade
position reference to the balance machine, then the tooling is exhibiting
excessive wear, or the propeller weight is fa r outside the capacity of the
machine.
NOTE 2: If, during the course of balancing, blade pitch is changed by the use of bats,
then the machines tooling must be r ecalibrated using methods described in
the previous paragraphs. Using bats can misalign the balance tooling.
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6. Assembled Propeller Balance using the Microstat-1001 Balance machine
A. Procedure
(1) The assembled propeller, must be balanc ed statically in accordance with the following
instructions, the blades being set at the datum section, to the angles required for the specific
conditions at which balance must be achieved.
(2) Allowable propeller out-of-balance tolerances are as shown in Table 2. Finer tolerances are
achievable if required by the customer.
(3) Accurate balancing is essential to prevent propeller vibration, and must be carried out by trained
personnel.
(4) The balancing of blades in pairs and/or sets is as described in Para 4 of this specification.
(5) The propeller assembly consists of the complete propeller less the beta tubes and spinner.
(6) The balance operation is carried out on a static non-rotating balance machine. (Refer to Figure
8).
(7) The mandrel (tooling) should be manufactured to the propeller/gearbox shaft spigot tolerances
where it interfaces with the propeller hub.
- Tooling concentricities, squareness and flatness must be held to less than 5,08 x 10-³ mm.
- Tooling stack height must be kept to a minimum. (Refer to Figures 8 and 11).
(8) Balancing must be carried out in a closed room entirely free from draughts.
(9) Ensure that the mating faces between the tooling and the propeller hub are clean and free from
damage.
(10) Assemble propeller onto balance machine tooling.
(11) Set the blades to the required angle as specified in Table 2.
NOTE: If bats are used to a ccomplish blade angle setting, two bats must be used and
applied to opposite blades, thus reducing the offset loading on the balance
machine tooling.
CAUTION: DO NOT SPIN THE PRO PELLER BY STANDING STILL AND APPLYING A
LOAD TO THE TIP OF ONE BLADE ONLY.
(12) Settle the propeller onto the tooling by rotating the propeller 5 times on the tooling. The
operator must walk around the balance machine pushing the propeller in front of him.
(13) Switch on balance machine and allow 3 minutes to warm up. Propeller balance can now be
carried out using Flowchart 1.
PS 52111
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ABC
FLOWCHART 1
BALANCING PROCESS USING THE
MICROSTAT-1001 BALANCING MACHINE
FILE SET-UP
Change UNITS
to suit propeller ROTOR NOW
Press MEASURE ROTOR
type, ref Table 2. READY TO button. Has the out of
MEASURE balance figure changed to
GREEN- in t olerance or RED
-needs adjustment?
Change
RADIUS to suit Press tooling comp button
Propeller type, and follow the on screen
ref Table 2 instructions below
Adjust out of balance
until balance figure
START changes to GREEN.
Change MODE to Refer to Sec 7
ADD or REMOVE 1ST MEASURE
Weight for balance
correction
ROTATE
Press HOLD button to
PROPELLER record balance figure and
vector angle
Input Propeller 2ND MEASURE
TOLERANCE to
FINISH
suit Propeller
type, ref Table 2
If required:
Add weight to correct
Ensure Inbalance @ stated vector
ROTOR TOOL angle
COMP IS ON
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Table 2
Propeller Balancing
Propeller Aircraft Propeller Balance Balance Maximum Blade

Type No. G.A. No. Limit Radius Balance Setting Comments
(g mm) (mm) Tolerance Angle
(Bands/Grams) (Degrees)
R339 Piper CIV RH 660710108 3600 265 13.6 40
R341 Piper CIV LH 660710109 3600 265 13.6 40
R345 Textron LCAC 660509101 10800 125 86.4 40 & -20 40 and -20 degrees
same balance
R387 Textron C7 697048101 3600 240 15.0 22 ) Backplate Mass
R387 Textron C7 697048105 3600 240 15.0 22 ) Location
R350 Grumman 660710112 3600 250 14.4 30
Tracker
R352 Fokker 50 660715101 3600 325 11.1 40
R352 Fokker 50 660715104 3600 325 11.1 40
R410 Fokker 60 660715105 3600 325 11.1 40
R410 Fokker 60 660715106 3600 325 11.1 40
R354 SF340 660710113/8 14400 265 54.3 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R354 SF340 660710113/8 3600 265 13.6 45
R375 Saab 340B 660710119 14400 265 54.3 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R375 Saab 340B 660710119 3600 265 13.6 45
R389 SF340 660710123/4 3600 265 13.6 45
R389 SF340 660710123/4 14400 265 54.3 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R390 Saab 340B 660710125 3600 265 13.6 45
R390 Saab 340B 660710125 14400 265 54.3 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R381 Saab 2000 697035101 3600 310 11.6 59
R381 Saab 2000 697035101 14400 310 46.0 15 ° 45 ' Additional check
carried out at fine
* pitch angles
R391 Hercules II 697039101 3600 374 9.6 50°
R391 Hercules II 697039101 18000 374 48 10° * Additional check
carried out at fine
pitch angles
R391 C27J 697091101 3600 374 9.6 50°
R391 C27J 697091101 18000 374 48 10° * Additional check
carried out at fine
pitch angles
Refer also to relevant assembly G.A. or Component Maintenance Manual
* Note and record out of balance readings only. No balance correction required at these angles unless
outside specification.
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Table 2 (Continued)
Propeller Balancing
Propeller Aircraft Propeller Balance Balance Maximum Blade

Type No. G.A. No. Limit Radius Balance Setting Comments
(g mm) (mm) Tolerance Angle
(Bands/Grams) (Degrees)
R408 DASH 8-400 697070101 3600 405 8.9 56°
R408 DASH 8-400 697070101 7200 405 18.0 35° Additional check
carried out at fine
* pitch angles
R414 US-1A Kai 697085101 3600 374 9.6 51
R414 US-1A Kai 697085101 17952 374 48.0 11 * Additional check
carried out at fine
pitch angles
* Note and record out of balance readings only. No balance correction required at these angles unless
outside specification.
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Figure 9
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7. Balancing the Propeller
A. Static mass balance will be accomplished by the addition of ma ss balance weights in o ne or two
planes.
B. One plane will be loca ted on the s pinner backplate, the ot her plane may be for ward of the blade
pitch change axis and will be situated in line with the pitch circle diameter of the bolts attaching the
pitch change cylinder to the hub.
C. Therefore, for two plane balancing, if the balance machine indicated a static balance requirement of
MT g having its balance set to R1, then the mass required at the backplate radius will be:
MB = MT
2
Similarly, the required balance at the cylinder bolts will be:

MC = MT x R1 (Note this assumes R2 is always less than R1)
2 R2
Where:
MT = Total mass correction required (grams)
MB = Mass required on backplate at radius R1.
MC = Mass required on pitch cylinder bolts at radius R2.
R1 = Backplate radius from centre of propeller rotation at which correction mass is to be
attached (normally also the setting radius for the static balance machine)
R2 = Radius from centre of p ropeller rotation at w hich mass is to be applied at the pitch
ch ange cylinder bolt.
D. From known out of balance results, attach appropriate weights to either or both the spinner
backplate and the cylinder bolts, to achieve propeller balance within tolerance (see Table 2).
F. Balance weight attachment bolts used on the backplate must protrude through the self-locking nut
by at least 1½ threads. At least one thin washer must be fitted between a self-locking nut and the
backplate assembly.
NOTE: Two-plane balance will only be allowed if specified on the drawing.
8. Marvel Balancing
A. Balancing the propeller using Marvel Balancing Kit as follows: (Refer to Figure 12, and also the
relevant component maintenance manual).
(1) Stand the arbor, upright and remove two seals (if fitted). Clean the indicator surfaces and install
the collar to provide a free clearance of 0,13 mm (0.005 in), minimum, with the end of the arbor
and secure. Maintain the Arbor upright at all times after seal removal.
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(2) With the propeller supported and the engine mounting face uppermost, carefully inspect the
mating faces of the hub and the adaptor for nicks and burrs and rectify if necessary.
NOTE: Dash 8-400 propeller must be fitted with interface washer. (Supplied as a loose item
with Propeller).
(3) Attach the cable to the arbor, and suspend from a hoist.
(4) Install a ring onto the ar bor and temporarily position half way up the shaft. Locate the adaptor
flange downwards, against the ring and temporarily secure with the set screw.
(5) Assemble one pair of ring sections in th e arbor bottom groove at the required scale position
(Refer to Table 3). Release and lower the adaptor to seat on the ring section. Reposition the
ring, to seat on the adaptor and secure.
(6) Using a felt tip pen or similar, mark the position of each component of the assembled Marvel
balancing kit.
(7) Lower the hoist and with the flange adaptor centralised as accurately as possible, position the
propeller with No. 1 blade in line with the location line described in Para 8.A.(6).
(8) Position flange nuts/bolts symmetrically and torque tighten adaptor to hub using 20 lbf.ft. of
torque.
(9) Ensure the propeller is on a s ecure mount, then remove the c able and fit the protector (if
available).
(10) Locate the ring on the arbour and position to align the upper surface with the scale sensitivity.
(Refer to Table 3).
(11) Install the weights on the arbour to seat on the ring. Remove the protector and re-engage the
cable.
(12) Ensure the blade pitch angle is set at required angle (refer to Table 3).
NOTE: Do not adjust the blade pitch angle with the propeller suspended in the balance kit.
(13) Hoist the propeller clear of the ground wait for propeller suspension to stabilise then check for
balance condition as indicated by the exposure of the arbour black disc. (concentric black ring
indicates correct balance).
(14) Balance the propeller as detailed in Para 7.D. to 7.E. or relevant CMM to the requirements of
Table 3.
(15) Lower the propeller back onto a secure mount untorque adaptor hub nuts/bolts, lift adaptor clear
of hub and rotate 180 degrees from the location line defined in Para 8.A.(7).
NOTE: On some propellers it may only be possible to rotate 120. This is acceptable.
(16) With the adaptor in its new position, lower into the back of the hub and torque tighten nuts/bolts
to 20 lbf. ft. Ensuring symmetry of nut/bolt pattern.
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ABC
(17) Hoist the propeller clear of the ground wait for propeller suspension to stabilise them check for
balance condition as indicated by the exposure to the arbour black disc.
(18) Rebalance the propeller by positioning weights on top of the sensitivity weights.
NOTE: Do not disturb existing balance weights applied. Ref Para 8.A. (14).
(19) When a satisfactory balance has been obtained halve the value of the temporary weights
placed on the sensitivity weights.
(20) Rebalance the propeller by adding weights as required in the normal way to the backplate.
NOTE: During this process do not remove balance weights applied.

Ref Para 8.A. (19)
(21) After balance remove temporary weights from off sensitivity weights and mark all pr opeller
removable parts with paint (or similar) to ensure correct re-assemble if required.
B. Sensitivity check on Marvel Balancing Kit.
NOTE: The following procedure will assist in det ermining the sensitivity setting to be
established for a new balance application or to confirm an existing setting.
(1) Install machine counterweight, if required, and mount part to be balance checked, on the arbor
with proper adaptors.
(2) Suspend the assembly, stabilize movements and observe the indicator for balance condition.
(3) Place temporary balance weights on the part being checked to centralize the balance indicator.
Check for possible instability and correct by lowering the suspended load if found to exist.
(4) Place a weight representing the desired balance tolerance on the part and observe balance
indicator movement.
(5) The correct position of th e suspended load or sensitivity setting for the desired balance
tolerance will allow an u nbalance of this amount t o move the indicator from it s initial central
position to one with the edges of the black disc insert and indicator collar being tangent, without
overlap. Movement less than tangent will requir e raising the suspended load vertically on the
arbor to increase sensitivity. Movement exceeding tangent will require lowering this load.
(6) Following final load positioning and indicator response check, observe the position of the top
surface of the upper mount adaptor or back balance weight relative to the etched scale on the
arbor shaft and record for future use as the sensitivity setting.
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SENSITIVITY
WEIGHT/WEIGHTS
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Table 3
Marvel Balancing
Propeller Aircraft Blade Propeller Balance Marvel Adaptor Arbour Weight Ring Sensitivity
Type No. Setting GA No. Limit Kit No. No. No. Type Scale Setting
Angle (oz in) Position
R339 Piper CIV RH 40° 660710108 5.0 7BAL152 TL5398+ 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
R341 Piper CIV LH 40° 660710109 5.0 7BAL152 TL5398+ 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
R345 Textron LCAC 15° 660509101 15 7BAL050
R387 Textron C7 22° 697048101 5.0 7BAL152 3520 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
R387 Textron C7 22° 697048105 5.0 7BAL152 3520 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
R350 Grumman 30° 660710112 5.0 7BAL152 3520 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
Tracker
R352 Fokker 50 40° 660715101 5.0 7BAL162 3560 3015 2998 2 OFF 1.0 25.0
R352 Fokker 50 40° 660715104 5.0 7BAL162 3560 3015 2998 2 OFF 1.0 25.0
R410 Fokker 60 40° 660715105 5.0 7BAL162 3560 3015 2998 2 OFF 1.0 25.0
R410 Fokker 60 40° 660715106 5.0 7BAL162 3560 3015 2998 2 OFF 1.0 25.0
R354 SF340 45° 660710113 5.0 7BAL152 3520 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
/18
R375 Saab 340B 45° 660710119 5.0 7BAL152 3520 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
R389 Saab 340 45° 660710123 5.0 7BAL152 3520 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
/4
R390 Saab 340B 45° 660710125 5.0 7BAL152 3520 3015 2998 1 OFF 2.0 26.125
R381 Saab 2000 59° 697035101 5.0 7BAL164 7A070 3037 2998 3 OFF 1.0 24.0
R391 Hercules 50° 697039101 5.0 7BAL164 7A071 3037 2998 2/3 1.0 24.0
OFF
R391 C27J 50° 697091101 5.0 7BAL164 7A071 3037 2998 2/3 1.0 24.0
OFF
R408 D8-400 56° 697070103 5.0 7BAL164 7A071 3037 29982/3 1.0 24.0
OFF
R414 US-1A Kai 51 697085101 5.0 7BAL164 7A071 3037 2998 3 OFF 2.0 25.5
NOTE : On some propellers where balance is difficult to obtain because of instability, the ring scale
position and sensitivity may have to be modified. Refer to Para. 8.B.
+ Dowty Propellers Supply
D. Spinner
(1) The spinner will be dynamically balanced using a Schenck dynamic balancing mac hine.
Refer to PS 5017.
PS 52111
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9. Hub Actuator and Backplate LRU Balance
If the Hub Actuator and Backplate LRU is being balanced at Dowty Propellers, PS 5068 must be followed
“STATIC BALANCING OF HUB ACTUATOR AND BACKPLATE ASSEMBLY LINE REPLACEABLE
UNITS (LRU) USING A REUTLINGER NON ROTATING BALANCE MACHINE INTERNAL DOWTY
PROPELLERS USE ONLY” otherwise the following Marvel Balancing procedure may be followed.
A. Marvel Balancing
(1) Balancing the Hub Actuator and Backplate LRU using Marvel Balancing Kit as follows: (Refer to
Figure 12, and also the relevant component maintenance manual).
(a) Stand the arbor, upright and remove two seals (if fitted). Clean the indicator surfaces and
install the collar to provide a free clearance of 0,13 mm (0.005 in), minimum, with the end of
the arbor and secure. Maintain the Arbor upright at all times after seal removal.
(b) With the hub actuator and backplate supported and the engine mounting face uppermost,
carefully inspect the mating faces of the hub and the adaptor for nicks and burrs and rectify
if necessary.
NOTE: Dash 8-400 Hub Actuator and Backplate LRU must be fitted with interface washer.
(Supplied as a loose item with unit).
(c) Attach the cable to the arbor, and suspend from a hoist.
(d) Install a ring onto the arbor and temporarily position half way up th e shaft. Loc ate the
adaptor flange downwards, against the ring and temporarily secure with the set screw.
(e) Assemble one pair of ring sections in the arbor bottom groove at the required scale position
(Refer to Table 4). Release and lower the adaptor to seat on the ring section. Reposition
the ring, to seat on the adaptor and secure.
(f) Using a felt tip pen or similar, mark the position of each component of the assembled
Marvel balancing kit.
(g) Lower the hoist and with the flange adaptor centralised as accurately as possible, position
the Hub Actuator and Backplate LRU with hub blade port No. 1 in line with the location line
described in Para 8.A.(6).
(h) Position flange nuts/bolts symmetrically and torque tighten adaptor to hub using 20 lbf.ft. of
torque.
(i) Ensure the hub actuator and backplate is on a secure mount, then remove the cable and fit
the protector (if available).
(j) Locate the ring on the arbour and position to align the upper surface with the scale
sensitivity. (Refer to Table 4).
(k) Install the weights on the arbour to seat on the ring. Remove the protector and re-engage
the cable.
PS 52111
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ABC
(l) Hoist the hub actuator and backplate clear of the ground wait for propeller suspension to
stabilise then check for balance condition as indicated by the exposure of the arbour black
disc. (concentric black ring indicates correct balance).
(m) Balance the Hub Actuator and Backplate LRU as detailed in Pa ra 7.D.to 7.E.or relevant
CMM to the requirements of Table 4.
(n) Lower the hub actuator and backplate back onto a secure mount untorque adaptor hub
nuts/bolts, lift adaptor clear of hub and rotate 180 degrees from the location line defined in
Para 8.A. (7).
NOTE: On some hub actuator and backplate it may only be possible to rotate 120.
This is acceptable.
(o) With the adaptor in its new position, lower into the back of the hub and torque tighten
nuts/bolts to 20 lbf. ft. Ensuring symmetry of nut/bolt pattern.
(p) Hoist the Hub Actuator and Backplate LRU clear of the ground wait for it to stabilise then
check for balance condition as indicated by the exposure to the arbour black disc.
(q) Rebalance the Hub Actuator and Backplate by positioning weights on top of the sensitivity
weights.
NOTE: Do not disturb existing balance weights applied. Ref Para 8.A. (14).
(r) When a satisfactory balance has been obtained halve the value of the temporary weights
placed on the sensitivity weights.
(s) Rebalance the propeller by adding weights as required in the normal way to the backplate.
NOTE: During this process do not remove balance weights applied.

Ref Para 8.A. (19)
(t) After balance remove temporary weights from off sensitivity weights and mark all propeller
removable parts with paint (or similar) to ensure correct re-assembly if required.
PS 52111
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ABC
Table 4
Marvel Balancing of Hub Actuator and Backplate LRUs
Propeller Aircraft Hub Actuator Balance Marvel Adaptor Arbour Weight Ring Sensitivity
Type No. and Backplate Limit Kit No. No. No. Type Scale Setting
GA No. (oz in) Position
R408 DASH8-400 697071230 2.8 7BAL164 7A071 3037 2998 1 OFF 1.0 24.0
697071233
697071234
697071246
697071250
697071251
697071259
697071260
697037101
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10. Assembled Propeller Balance Using a BTI VNR 1000 Balancing Machine for C130J and C27J propellers
only
NOTE 1: The design of this machine does not allow the propeller, or its to oling, to be rotated
about the machine vertical axis once installed.
NOTE 2: Accurate balancing is essential to prevent propeller vibration, and must be carried out
by trained personnel.
NOTE 3: Care must be taken during installation and removal of the master balance weight and
the propeller due to tigh t tolerances with the mandrel. See paragraph C. for latest
procedure i.e. master weight not to be used until a modified mandrel, allowing rotation
of the master balance weight, is manufactured.
Balancing must be carried out in a closed room entirely free from draughts.
Figure 13 shows the basic balance machine plus read out consul.
Balance Machine plus read out Consul

Figure 13
PS 52111
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A. Calibration. This must conducted with reference to par agraph C which excludes some of th e
procedures (1) to (6).
NOTE: The term zero compensation is the action of bringing the electronic bubble on the display
screen (see figure 14) to the central position.
Figure 14
(1) Assemble the balance mandrel DAPT62-0121-00, without its b alance location ring DAPT62-
0130-00, in accordance with the manufacturers specifications. Position the mandrel with one
dowel hole aligned with the 180º mark on the balance machine. (See figure 15). Ensure that the
mating faces between the mandrel and balance machine are clean and free from damage.
Figure 15
(2) Perform zero compensation
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(3) Install the master balance weight positioned with the 0º marks on the weight and balance
machine coincident. Ensure that the mating faces between the weight and mandrel are clean
and free from damage. See figures 16 and 17.
Figure 16 Figure 17
(4) Perform zero compensation.
(5) Perform calibration check – this is a function of the balance machine.
(6) Remove master weight and perform zero compensation check with mandrel only installed.
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B. Balancing the propeller. This must be conducted in conjunction with paragraph C.
(1) The assembled propeller must be balanced statically in accordance with the following
instructions.
(a) Refer to Table 5 for balance limits.
(b) The propeller assembly consists of the complete propeller less the beta tubes and spinner.
Also, due to a foul on the balance machine tooling, the seal adapter part number
697039621 must not be assembled at this stage.
(c) Set the blades to the required balance angle shown in T able 5 prior to assembly on the
balance machine mandrel. This procedure is to be carried out off the balance machine and
on the propeller build mandrel.
NOTE: Do not adjust the blade angle with the propeller installed on the balance machine.
(d) Assemble Location Ring DAPT62-0130-00 onto the balance mandrel.
(e) Assemble the propeller onto the balance machine tooling (see figure 18) ensuring that the
mating faces between the tooling and the propeller hub are clean and free from damage.
There is no specific position required for the propeller ass embly. However, in or der to
maintain consistency, it is ad vised that the propeller is installed on the mandrel with the
balance machine 180º mark positioned at the hub drive dowel between ports No. 1 and
No.6.
Figure 18
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(f) Attach weights at the specified balance radius shown in Fig ure 5 to bring the propeller
within the balance tolerance.
(g) Remove the balanced propeller from the b alance machine and check that the electronic
bubble on the screen has drifted no more than 720 gmm (1 ozin) from the screen centre.
Movements greater than 720 gmm (1 ozin.) is cause for investigation.
NOTE: If, after removal from the balance machine, the balanced propeller requires to
be re-installed, the out of balance may read out of ba lance by up to
±7200 gmm (± 10ozin). This is a function of the accuracy of the tooling and a
balance correction need not be undertaken.
(h) After balancing the propeller refer to Table 5 and, if required, perform the additional
balance check at the indicated blade angle. Note and record the out of balance reading.
No balance correction is required at this angle unless outside the increased balance limit.
(i) Assemble the seal adapter part number 697039621 as required.
C. BTI Balancer Information (Interim).
The following propeller balance procedure has been derived in conjunction with BTI, Dowty
Propellers Macon and Lynham UK. This procedure is to be carried out until a new mandrel is fitted
to the balancer.
(1) Measure Comp

The purpose of the measure comp procedure is to remove the eccentricity within the machine
set up. It takes out the difference between the tooling and the propeller.
When the master weight is fitted twist the weight against the mandrel to get the lowest reading.
When the weight is moved to the next position, ensure it is twisted in the same direction as the
previous position.
(2) Zero Comp

A zero comp can be completed following the measure comp and master cal procedure. This
involves doing the measure comp, but without rotating the master weight 120 degrees. Leave
the master weight at the same position and take 3 readings at this position. The result should
be 3 readings at about 0 degrees. If there is a variation, go through the measure comp and cal
procedure again.
(3) Balance Procedure
(a) Pre Balance Checks

Prior to carrying out a balance, perform the following tasks:
1 Move the blades to feather and reverse for 2 cycles, to ensure the cylinder is drained
off oil. This will minimise the oil c ontamination of the balanc er damping fluid. Set
blades to the required angle shown in Figure 5.
2 Start balancer and allow computer to boot up.
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3 Check the transducer voltage as follows:
a. Select F6, Main Menu
b. Select # 5, Machine Diagnostics
c. Select # 2, Station Diagnostics
d. Select # 1, Measure Diagnostics
e. Select # 3, Raw Data Display. Voltage reading should be less than 0.025
f. Select F8, Escape. This returns program to the main display.
(b) Machine Calibration
NOTE: The master weight is not to be used until a new mandrel is installed.
The calibration procedure should be completed before every balance:
1 Zero the machine:
a. Press F6 on the console
b. Select 2 on the console, Measure Comp
c. Ensure the reading is stable
d. Press F2 3 more times. The display should revert to the master display with a
reading of about 0.0 oz ins.
2 Carry out the Measure Cal procedure:
a. Press F6 on the console
b. Select 1 on the console, Measure Cal
c. Place the 5 oz calibration weight on the mandrel at the 0 position
d. Allow weight to stabilise, note measurement on the screen, press F2. The weight
is now placed at a distance of 4.37 inches from the centre, so the display should
give a reading of approximately 21.85 oz ins (5 oz x 4.37 ins) opposite to where
the weight is placed.
e. Move calibration weight to the 90 position and allow the weight to stabilise. Note
the reading on the screen and press F2.
f. Measure Cal is complete and screen returns to main display
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(c) Propeller Balance
NOTE: The propeller must be turned clockwise every time it is pla ced on the mandrel, to
ensure any dis crepancies are taken out. This will provide a more accurate
balance.
The propeller balance procedure follows the same steps as for Measure Comp:
1 Ensure nylon spacer is fitted to the balancer mandrel
2 Fit the propeller, with blade # 2 pointing to the wall
3 Carry out the balance procedure
g. Press F6 on the console
h. Select 2 on the console, Measure Comp
i. Allow the prop to stabilise
j. Press F2 to record reading
k. Move prop through 120 (# 4 blade to wall)
l. Allow prop to stabilise
m. Press F2 to record reading
n. Move prop through 120 (# 6 blade to wall)
o. Allow prop to stabilise
p. Press F2 to record reading
q. Measure Comp completed. Screen returns to main display. Figure display is the
correction figure. Add the balance washers at the indicated angle, until the prop
balance is within limits. This will be indicated by two green bars below the balance
measurements.
r. After balancing the propeller refer to table 2 and, if required, perform the additional
balance check at th e indicated blade angle. N ote and record the out of balance
reading. No balance correction is req uired at this angle unless outside the
increased balance limit.
(d) Post Balance Checks
1 Ensure oil is removed from the balancer mandrel
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2 Power down the balancer:
a. Select F7, Power Down. This will shutdown the BTI balance program.
b. Select Windows Shutdown
c. Unplug machine
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Table 5
Propeller Balancing
Propeller Aircraft Propeller Balance Balance Balance Blade

Type No. G.A. No. Limit Limit Radius Setting Comments
(ozin) (g mm) (mm) Angle
(Degrees)
R339 Piper CIV RH 660710108 5.0 3600 265 40
R341 Piper CIV LH 660710109 5.0 3600 265 40
R345 Textron LCAC 660509101 15.0 10800 125 40 & -20 40 and -20 degrees
same balance
R387 Textron C7 697048101 5.0 3600 240 22 ) Backplate Mass
R387 Textron C7 697048105 5.0 3600 240 22 ) Location
R350 Grumman 660710112 5.0 3600 250 30
Tracker
R352 Fokker 50 660715101 5.0 3600 325 40
R352 Fokker 50 660715104 5.0 3600 325 40
R410 Fokker 60 660715105 5.0 3600 325 40
R410 Fokker 60 660715106 5.0 3600 325 40
R354 SF340 660710113/8 20.0 14400 265 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R354 SF340 660710113/8 5.0 3600 265 45
R375 Saab 340B 660710119 20.0 14400 265 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R375 Saab 340B 660710119 5.0 3600 265 45
R389 SF340 660710123/4 5.0 3600 265 45
R389 SF340 660710123/4 20.0 14400 265 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R390 Saab 340B 660710125 5.0 3600 265 45
R390 Saab 340B 660710125 20.0 14400 265 Reverse Additional check
carried out at full
* reverse angle.
R381 Saab 2000 697035101 5.0 3600 310 59
R381 Saab 2000 697035101 20.0 14400 310 15 ° 45 ' Additional check
carried out at fine
* pitch angles
R391 Hercules II 697039101 5.0 3600 374 50°
R391 Hercules II 697039101 25.0 18000 374 10° * Additional check
carried out at fine
pitch angles
R391 C27J 697091101 5.0 3600 374 50°
R391 C27J 697091101 25.0 18000 374 10° * Additional check
carried out at fine
pitch angles
* Note and record out of balance readings only. No balance correction required at these angles
unless outside specification.
PS 52111
60-00-00 Page 42
Mar 15/11
ABC
11. Further Types Of Propeller Out Of Balance
A. General
(1) There are two types of additional unbalance which may occur in a rigid propeller.
(a) Dynamic Unbalance
(b) Aerodynamic Unbalance
(2) All mass types of unbalance give rise to effects, which vary as the square of the speed of
rotation, and are capable of producing aircraft vibration. It is therefore, essential that every
precaution be taken to eliminate unbalance as much as possible by the accurate balancing of
the blades.
(a) Dynamic Unbalance
1 This unbalance cannot be discerned or measured by any simple means in the static
condition. Balanc ing on k nife or r oller edges will not reveal this type of unbalanc e,
which is measured in inch-inch-ounces, and results in a couple when the propeller
rotates. This occurs when the centres of gravity of the several blades in the propeller,
do not all lie in the same plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
(b) Aerodynamic Unbalance
1 Like dynamic unbalance, aerodynamic unbalance cannot be detected or measured by

balancing on k nife or roller edges. It results from unsymmetrical air loading of th e
blades due to corresponding sections of the blades not being shaped exactly alike, and
can appear only when the propeller rotates. The measurement is in ounce inches, but
there is no value without rotation.
PS 52111
60-00-00 Page 43
Mar 15/11

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ABC

Part of GE’s Aviation Business return to TOC

C. This specification supersedes PS 2111 for all Dowty Propellers contracts.

D. Plane of Rotation - The plane in which the propeller rotates.

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

4. Propeller Blade Balancing Using Knife Edge Balance Equipment

(2) All blades must be balanced in three positions, as follows:

(a) Horizontal Balance

(b) Vertical Edge Balance

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

(c) Vertical Face Balance

(d) Vertical Out-of-Balance

Type of Blade Balance Tolerance Between Blade Pairs or Sets

Horizontal 0 (Exact balance)

(1) An illustration of the equipment is shown in Figure 5.

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

(9) Reference blades are listed in Para 4.K.

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

NOTE: Clamp bolt may vary in design dependent on blade design.

C. Checking the Equipment

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

(9) Balance way treatment

(a) Rollers must be kept in ground, matched pairs.

D. Setting the Equipment Horizontal

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

(5) Tighten the inner bottom clamp. Refer to Figure 7.

E. Setting the Equipment Vertical (Edge)

(7) Tighten clamp bolt.

F. Setting the Equipment Vertical (Face)

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

(5) Tighten the clamp bolt.

G. Check Balancing the Blades (Horizontal)

(1) Ensure appropriate service bush is inserted into blade root.

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

H. Vertical Edge Check Balance

(7) Tighten clamp bolt.

(8) Take readings on the opposite scale and record.

I. Vertical Face Check Balance

(2) Tighten the clamp bolt.

(6) Tighten the blade clamp.

(7) Take readings on the opposite scale and record.

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

120 + 128 = 124 oz in

J. Balancing the Blades

CAUTION : UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES MUST PAINTING OF BLADES BE USED FOR

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

CAUTION: BLADES MUST BE KEPT IN O RIGINAL ALLOCATED BALANCED PAIRS AFTER

Reference Blades Reference Designation

Piper Cheyenne IV LH / Textron C7 PIVL/Reference Blade

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

5. Assembled Propeller Balance using the Reutlinger Balance machine

(10) Assemble propeller onto balance machine tooling.

(11) Set the blades to the required angle as specified in Table 2.

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL

(14) The 2.3.4. method.

NOTE : This must be positive.

(e) Rotate propeller 180 degrees.

(f) Set measuring mode switch to Position 3.

DOWTY PROPELLERS STANDARD PRACTICES MANUAL