CAD1 – Practical Final Exam

BET-CPET-1C-1D(STEM)
Tuesday 3:00 – 6:00 PM

Group 16

Belen, Eadric Gabriel

Mendoza, Aldrin Daniel, G.

Date Submitted :
July 5, 2022

Submitted to :
Prof. Aimee G. Acoba
Decoder Circuit

• Decoder is type of combinational Circuit which decodes a small bit value into large
bit value. It is normally used in combination with encoders which does exactly the
opposite. It is also a combinational circuit as encoder, but its operation is exactly
reverse as that of the encoder. A decoder is a device that generates the original
signal as output from the coded input signal and converts n lines of input into 2n
lines of output. An AND gate can be used as the basic decoding element because it
produces a high output only when all inputs are high.

Basic Principle of Decoder

o As told earlier, the decoder is just a counter part of an Encoder. It takes a

particular number of binary values as inputs and decodes then into more lines
by using logic. A sample decoder is shown below which takes in 2 Lines as
input and converts them to 4 Lines.

o Another rule of thumb with Decoders is that, if the number of inputs is

considered as n (here n = 2) then the number of outputs will always be equal
to 2n (22 =4) which is four in our case. The Decoder has 2 input lines and 4
output lines; hence this type of Decoder is called as 2:4 Decoders. The two
input pins are named as I1 and I0 and the four output pins are named from O0
to O3 as shown above. It is also important to know that an ordinary Decoder
like the one shown here has a drawback of not able to distinguish between the
condition of both inputs being zero (not connected to other circuits) and both
inputs being low (logic 0). This drawback can be solved using a Priority
 Decoder which we will learn later in this article. The truth table of an ordinary
Decoder is shown below.

o From the decoder truth table, we can write the Boolean expression for each
Output line, just follow where the output gets high and form an AND logic
based on the values of I1 and I0. It is very similar to the Encoder method, but
here we use the AND logic instead of the OR logic. The Boolean Expression
for all four lines is given below, where the symbol (.) represents AND logic and
the symbol (‘) represents NOT Logic.

o Now that we have all the four expressions, we can convert these expressions
into a combinational logic gate circuit using the AND gates and NOT gates.
Simply use the AND gates in place of (.) and a NOT gate (inverted logic) in
place of a (‘) and you will get the following logic diagram.
A. Decoder Circuit Design

B. Schematic Diagram (Tinkercad)

C. Schematic Diagram (Express SCH)
D. Component List of Decoder Circuit

1. Hex Inverter ( 74HC04)

- A hex inverter is a type of an integrated circuit that contains six

inverters. Inverters are the foundation in digital electronics. Many
sophisticated digital devices use inverters, including multiplexers,
decoders, and state machines.

2. Quad AND gate (74HC08)

- A quad gate is an IC (integrated circuit or chip) containing four logic

gates. The gates can be of any type: AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND,
NOR, and XNOR. Within any given quad gate, all four of the individual
gates are normally of the same type. A logic gate is an elementary
building block of a digital circuit.

3. Slide switch
 - A mechanical switch that slides from the open (off) position to the
closed (on) position and allows control of a circuit's current flow without
having to manually splice or cut wire.

4. LED (Red)

- A Light Emitting Diode (LED) is a semiconductor device, which can

emit light when an electric current passes through it. To do this, holes
from p-type semiconductors recombine with electrons from n-type
semiconductors to produce light.

5. Resistor

- A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that

implements electrical resistance as a circuit element. In electronic
circuits, resistors are used to reduce current flow, adjust signal levels,
to divide voltages, bias active elements, and terminate transmission
lines, among other uses.

6. Power supply (5V)

- A power supply is an electronic circuit that converts the voltage of an

alternating current (AC) into a direct current (DC) voltage. It is basically
consisting of the following elements: transformer, rectifier, filter and
regulator circuits.

Tinkercad simulation :
https://www.tinkercad.com/things/2CEKiYYqr8f-decoder-
circuit/editel?sharecode=8K_e_4EKib-MIQIckNsnajy08zRYLqy1zmKIFE9Vi9o