Sex-linked Traits

GENERAL BIOLOGY II
JOSE AMADO DS. TORREDA
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Definition of Terms
Sex-linked Trait
- it is a gene pair located on the sex chromosomes that determines a
character or trait.
X-linked Trait
-it is a sex-linked trait where the gene or allele for a specific trait is
found in the X chromosome.
Y-linked Trait
-it is a sex-linked trait where the gene or allele for a specific trait is
found in the Y chromosome.
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Definition of Terms
Color Blindness
- An X-linked recessive trait where affected individual could not
distinguish colors (e.g red-green color blindness).
Xb=with color blindness; X=normal
Hemophilia
-An X-linked recessive trait where an affected individual suffers from
delayed blood clotting during injuries because of the absence of certain
blood clotting factors.
Xh= with hemophilia
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Definition of Terms
Red-green Color Blindness Hemophilia
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Definition of Terms
Hypertrichosis pinnae auris
- A Y-linked recessive trait where
affected males have hair growing from
external ears.
XX x XbYT
X X

X XX XX

YT XYT XYT

A person with HPA

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Definition of Terms
Sex-influenced trait
- Any trait in a diploid organism whose expression is affected by an
individual’s biological sex; a trait that occurs at a higher frequency in one
sex over the other due to hormonal and physiological differences.

Sex-limited trait
-Any trait in a diploid organism whose expression is limited to just
one biological sex which is caused by the hormonal and physiological
differences between sexes.
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Definition of Terms
Sex-influenced trait
- Baldness is an example of sex-influenced trait, with B as the
dominant allele for baldness and b as the recessive normal allele.

Sex-limited trait
-An example of this in humans is the ability of females to produce
milk immediate after giving birth.
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Definition of Terms
Sex-influenced trait
- Baldness is an example of sex-influenced trait, with B as the
dominant allele for baldness and b as the recessive normal allele.
XXBB= bald in either sex
XXBb= bald in males only
XXbb= normal hair in both
Males=2/3 affected; Females= 1/3 affected
Sex-limited trait
-An example of this in humans is the ability of females to produce
milk immediate after giving birth.
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A picture of a color A picture of male individuals A picture of a woman

blindness test chart who are bald breastfeeding a baby
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Group Activity
Identify the phenotypes of the parents then
determine the phenotypic and genotypic ratio of X= normal X chromosome
each cross. Y= normal Y chromosome
Xc= X chromosome containing a
1. XXh x XY gene for colorblindness
2. XcX x XcY Xh= X chromosome containing a
gene for hemophilia
3. XXh x XYT YT= Y chromosome containing a
gene for HPA
4. XhXc x XcY
F=with freckles
5. XhcXBb x XcYTBb f=without freckles
B= with baldness
6. What is the probability of a male with HPA to b= not bald
have child with HPA (for males and females)?
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Seatwork
Identify the phenotypes of the parents then determine the phenotypic
and genotypic ratio from each cross.
1. XXhBb x XhYBb X= normal X chromosome
Y= normal Y chromosome
2. XcXcbb x XYBB
Xc= X chromosome containing a gene for
3. XhXhFf x XYTff colorblindness
c c T Xh= X chromosome containing a gene for hemophilia
4. XX bb x X Y BB YT= Y chromosome containing a gene for HPA
5. XhXhbb x XhYTBb F=with freckles
f=without freckles
B= with baldness
b= not bald