Table of Contents

Page
Acknowledgemnt 2
Abstract 3
Table of Contents 4
Chapter
I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING sye
A. Introduction
B. Statement of the Problem
C. Theoretical Framework
D. Significance of the Study
E. Scope and Limitation
F. Definition of Terms

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

III. RESEARCH METHOD AND TECHNIQUES

IV. PRESENTATION OF DATA

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

REFERENCES

APPENDIX
A. CONSULTATION FORM
B. INTERVIEW QUESTION
C. CODING SHEET
D. TRUSTWORTHINESS
E. REFLEXIVITY AND POSITIONING

BIONOTE
 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Within this chapter, one can find an introduction to the topic this research is based

upon, along with its stated problems, and the theoretical framework it uses as its lenses

to view and understand the phenomenon of coping strategies of teenage mothers

amidst the pandemic. It proceeds with explaining the significance of the study, then the

scope of the research and its limitations. It also has a section dedicated to the definition

of terms that one may encounter to provide the correct context of its usage within the

paper. All of this will provide adequate information for the purpose of this study and

what it aims to accomplish.

INTRODUCTION

Adolescent mothers and their offspting are a high risk group broth physically and

emotionally. Poverty, malnutrition, complications of pregnancy, emotional problems

such as depression, drug and alcohol use, are all risks for the mother.
 Children are also at greater risk for physical, cognitive and emotional problems. It

is therefore important to identify factors which influence outcome on adolescent

mothers

and their children in order to suggest interventions which will more positively affect

the physical and psychological health of this increasing population. (Hechtman L,

2005)

Teenage pregnancy is when a teenager below 20 gets pregnant. There is a sexually

active girl at a very young age ranging between 13 - 19 that results from pregnancy and

it is one of the major public health issues across the whole world. ( Cherry et al.,2015).

The pandemic has made the situation worse. Because of the strict hard lockdown, people

can‘t go outside freely, no public transportation, limited access to medical facilities, and

harshly enforced rules on not going out leads to access the birth control and it was

severely curtailed.

Amidst the current health crisis, an increasing number of cases of teenage

pregnancy around the region was seen out of the data gathered by the Commission on

Population and Development – Caraga.. In a data presented by Regional Director

Alexander A. Makinano of POPCOM-Caraga during the 2nd Gender and Development

Focal Point System Virtual Meeting, 2337 cases of teens aging 15-19 years old were

pregnant on the first quarter of the year while 2081 teens are pregnant during the 2nd

quarter, the time where first confirmed cases of COVID-19 were tallied. Director

Makinano said that behavioral problems mixed up with the lack of parental

supervision and limited

support mechanisms resulted in risky sexual activities among young people.

(POPCOMPh..,2021)

The high rate of teenage pregnancies is the effect of inadequate sex education and

lack of access to birth control. Some girls thought that it was just all for fun, that

having sex cannot result in pregnancy or the responsibility of having children. To

address the resulting uptick in adolescent pregnancies, politicians that are responsible

for making or changing the law introduce bills improving access the contraception.

Supports sex education and made it illegal to expel girls from school should they

become pregnant. none have become the law so far. (Almendral,2020).

Early childbearing affects economic growth and has so many impacts on it,

including poor health outcomes. Most teenage moms are less likely to complete higher

education and less able to find a better job to sustain the child and earn income. Being
pregnant during the teenage years is also linked with a higher risk of health problems

such as preeclampsia, anemia, contracting STDs ( sexually transmitted diseases),

premature delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, and poor mental health outcomes.( NNC,

2021).

Every year, approximately 12 million girls aged between 15 to 19 years, and at

least 777,000 girls under 15 years, give birth in developing regions of the world In

2016, a

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) report stated that the Philippines has the

highest number of teen pregnancies across Asia. Multiple partners and low condom

use were some of the factors cited for the increase in birth rates. Moreover, the

UNFPA suggested that one in 10 young Filipino women age 15 to 19 is already a

mother. (UNFOA,.2021)

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This qualitative study was made to know and understand the different coping

strategies of teenage mothers amidst the pandemic. Specifically, this study sought to

hermeneutically answer the following questions:

1. How did they cope up with the different challenges during the pandemic? tas

2. What can be inferred from the experiences and suggestions of the informants?
 3. What are the different strategies that they did to cope up with the challenges

amidst the pandemic?

THEORTICAL FRAMEWORK

The study is anchored on the Social Cognitive Theory of Albert Bandura.

According to Bandura (1977), human behavior is a product of reciprocal determinism.

The theory posits that there is an interplay between personal factors, behavior, and

environmental factors and each factor influences the others. Personal factors include

one‘s self-efficacy, beliefs, abilities, skills, knowledge, and talents which influence

one‘s behavior. The external environment in turn influences one‘s behavior through

reinforcement or punishment. Furthermore, the theory suggests that people are

proactive and purposive agents who have the capability to learn from their own

experiences as well as from observing others.

This model by albert bandura is essential on how adolescent mothers execute their

behavior that can impair their parenthood from childhood.

It is stated there that ― The theory posits that there is an interplay between

personal factors, behavior, and environmental factors, and each factor influences the

others.‖ it is similar to what we had stated in our introduction. Early childbearing

 affects economic growth and has so many impacts on it, including poor health

outcomes. Teenage mothers would come up with an understanding that becoming a

mother is not a joke and that they should have been a student right now doing what

students do.

This model from Albert Bandura is essential in interpreting the effects of personal

factors, behavior, and environmental factors on each other.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study is to provide valuable information and understanding about

the coping strategies among teen mother students in Samar National School during the

pandemic. Furthermore, the study could be more importance to the following:

Teen Mom Students. They will be aware about their situation as well as their

responsibilities as both parent and student.

 Students. They will have the knowledge to understand the situation and the realities of

being a student mother. More importantly they will be aware about the experiences of

being a teen mom student during the pandemic. This study enables students to take

their studies seriously and focus their attention first on their studies.

Researchers. The findings of this study will allow researchers to gain a better

understanding of the coping strategies used by teen mom students during the

implementation of blended distance learning. This study will expand their knowledge

and understanding about the experiences of the teen mom students in Samar National

School during the pandemic.

Teachers. The findings of this study will help senior high teachers understand how

teen mother students at Samar National School overcome with their circumstances as

both a parent and a student, as well as how to effectively teach the subject to their

students as individual learners.

School Administrators. The intervention scheme could be used as an implementation

strategy by school administrators to assist teenage mothers in overcoming their

weaknesses and broadening their knowledge.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

Like all other phenomenological studies, it is burdened with the inevitable

discrepancies and subjectivity that accompany a qualitative research paper. This study
will focus only on 6 informants from the same school in the country. It will center

around the coping strategies of teenage mother amidst the pandemic in the Philippines.

Most of the information about their performance

will come from the mother‘s itself. This study will only cover the teen mom students in

Samar National School to mainly identify the coping strategies that they used during the

pandemic. Also this study yearn to identify the experiences, learnings, and the factors

that help them to cope their situation during the pandemic.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Phenomenological. The ultimate source of all meaning and value is the lived

experience of human beings. (Paul B. Armstrong)

Coping Strategy. Coping strategies are behavioral and cognitive tactics used to

manage crises, conditions, and demands that are appraised as distressing.( Robert

Folkman and Susan Lazarus‘, 2007 )

Pandemic. The cause of disruption of face-to-face learning (Boardman et al.,2021).

Pregnancy. Process and series of changes that take place in a woman‘s organs and

tissues as a result of a developing fetus. (John W. Huffman)

Teenage Pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy is when a woman under 20 gets pregnant. It

usually refers to teens between the ages of 15-19. But it can include girls as young as

10. It's also called teen pregnancy or adolescent pregnancy.(Rebecca Buffum Taylor).

CHAPTER II

REVIEW RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presents the literatures that are related to the present study. These

materials were carefully perused and are hereby presented. These readings are taken

from the works of various authorities and researchers, such as books, journals, articles,

and other published materials.

TEENAGE PREGNANCY OVER TIME

The extent of repeated pregnancy (RP) and repeated birth (RB) among teenage

aged 15–19 is still unknown in the Philippines despite the health and socio-economic

consequences (Maravilla, J.C., Betts, K.S. & Alati, R., 2018). This study aims to

investigate the RP and RB prevalence trends in the Philippines from 1993 to 2013.In

order to address this entrenched public health issue, preventive policies and programs

have been implemented and epidemiological studies have been developed to provide

evidence of the current sexual health and behaviour of Filipino teenages(Guttmacher

Institute - 2015). However, these measures have put little emphasis on the more

serious problem of repeated teenage pregnancies.

Back in history, arranged marriage are common in philippines and this happens when

you turn in legal age or even in younger age. Some parents use their child to exchange

some deals that they do not even concerned the feelings for the child. This trend is

happening right now that in age 15-19 are now teenage mothers.

Young parents (aged 16–24 years) in the perinatal period are at an increased risk of

poor mental health especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to multiple risk
factors including social and economic instability (Moltrecht, B. 2022). COVID-19

related restrictions had profound implications for the delivery of perinatal care services

and other support structures for young parents. Investigating young parents‘

experiences during the pandemic, including their perceived challenges and needs, is

important to inform good practice and provide appropriate support for young parents.

Anxiety is most common among adolescent mothers. They recognize that being a

teenage mother is difficult and an embarrassment to their race and are now encouraged

to have abortions.

Teenage pregnancy is one of the major factors that affect population growth in the

Philippines. It is one of the major problems the government is facing of today.

According to the government-provided statistics records, over a span of only 10 years,

teenage

pregnancy cases rose up to 70% (Geronimo, 2016). This alarming case caught the

attention of some psychologists and lawmakers.

Being a young mother is the consequence of not having sufficient information and

absence of direction. The majority of high school mothers report coming from low

income neighborhoods and attending a low-education school.

 Teenage pregnancy was first problematized in the 1950s by developed countries,

particularly the United States (Cherry & Dillon, 2013). According to Frank

Furstenberg, a sociologist who studied teenage pregnancy among African Americans

for more than four decades, the development of teenage pregnancy as a social problem

follows what Anthony Downs calls the ―issue attention cycle‖ where in, attention

rises from ―social invisibility‖ in the ―pre-problem stage‖ to a period of ―alarmed

discovery and euphoric excitement‖ when confidence about illuminating the problem is

high.

Teenage pregnancy is a major issue in the Philippines, causing a slew of issues in

our society. The fact that being a teenage parent is the cause of poverty.

FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR TEENAGE PREGNANCY

The study employed the stress and coping model to explore how adolescents

negotiate the transition from childhood to parenthood in the context of domestic

violence. This model suggests that diminished psychological and social coping

resources of adolescent mothers influence negative behaviors and result in ineffective

parenting behaviors, thus increasing the likelihood of high-risk outcomes for both

parents and children. The Informants of the study reported anxiety, loss of self-esteem

(when they conceived), difficulty in accessing financial, moral, and material support
 from parents or partners, and stigmatization by health workers when they sought care

from health facilities.

Social analysts and researchers enumerated some of the reason why pregnancies

among adolescents have been increasing in spite of interventions from government

health agencies and NGOs. Thus, the reasons varies from socio-economic status

(Dulita, Nalika, Upul, Crishantha & De Alwis, 2013), teenagers‘ initiation to sexual

activity (Grace, Ihuoma & Temitope, 2013), family history of teenage births

(WallWieler, Ross & Nickel, 2016), etc. The incidence of mortality in teenage

pregnancies and adverse birth outcomes is increasing every year due to immature pre-

natal care, socio-economical challenges, and inadequate weight gain during pregnancy

(Xi-Kuan, Shi Wu, Flemming Demissie & Rhoads, 2007).

Teenage pregnancy is a result of having inadequate sex education, a lack guidance of

from parents, and a lack of education. Most of the teenage moms reported are most

likely from low education. Does not have enough knowledge, skills, etc. as a parent.

Due to spread and impact of COVID-19 in the world and Turkey lead to fear, stress

and anxiety in individuals. This trend is increasing more especially in pregnant

women at risk as they are concerned about the safety of themselves and the fetus.

Teenage mothers during COVID-19 make them more anxious about their physical and
mental health that can affect the child there bearing. This is a big challenge for the

mothers and also families how are in crisis this pandemic.

RISK OF TEENAGE MOTHERS

Due to spread and impact of COVID-19 in the world and Turkey lead to fear, stress

and anxiety in individuals. This trend is increasing more especially in pregnant women

at risk as they are concerned about the safety of themselves and the fetus. Teenage

mothers during COVID-19 make them more anxious about their physical and mental

health that can affect the child there bearing. This is a big challenge for the mothers

and also families how are in crisis this pandemic.

Teenagers most at risk of unplanned pregnancies are those from low socioeconomic

status, families with a history of teenage pregnancies, those who have experienced

abuse, and those without a father figure. Disconnections from school or leaving school

early are also risk factors for and consequences of early pregnancy and birth. Some of

the health risks to the baby include still birth, low birth weight, risk of dying in the first

few months of life, and these risks increase with younger maternal age. For the mother,

risks of fistula and maternal death, particularly in poor settings, are real. Some of the
social problems include school dropout which leads to reduced educational

opportunity and low skills acquisition (WHO, 2012). Motherhood is an important part

of many women‘s lives, particularly in societies where traditional gender roles persist.

In many African societies, motherhood is central to the social and cultural system

(Ngum Chi CM, 2012). Yet motherhood in the context of migration is often

substantially different: young immigrant women experience the dual transitions of

becoming a mother while also adjusting to everyday life in a site of settlement, often

without extended networks of social support (Liamputtong P., 2013).

Unintended teenage pregnancy is an ever-present issue in developing countries

such as the Philippines. The impact of teenage pregnancy affects the physical,

emotional, social, and spiritual well-being of adolescents. Teen pregnancies carry extra

health risks to both the mother and the baby. Nurses play a crucial role in supporting

young people

as trusted practitioners in a range of settings. This study aimed toexplore the lived

experiences of teenage pregnant women.

As a teen mother, it is not easy to take the responsibility for your child especially if

you do not still know about it. You need to adjust things you aren‘t used it. Depression

and stress are mostly illnesses that teenage mothers would experience especially if
they can‘t handle anymore their emotions and if they can be easily carried away by the

things around them and overthinking.

The overall study was designed to examine the concordance of pregnancy risk

behaviors among children within a family. Families were eligible to participate if they

contained at least one biological younger sibling (aged 12-16) who had never been

involved in a pregnancy at study enrollment. Only Mexican American and black

families were enrolled, due to those groups have disproportionately high rates of

teenage pregnancy and births.

TEENAGE MOTHERS AS A STUDENTS

Facing the ordeal describes the college student experiences, including gender and

sexuality issues, during the pregnancy. The complexities and circumstances of teenage

pregnancy were narrated and related to their college education. They explained the

different emotional challenges they faced during the pregnancy, such as fear of what

will happen, uncertainty with the future, anger to oneself, denial, social stigma,

prejudice from family and friends, and discontinued education (Asnong et al., 2018;

Chi Watts et al., 2015; Ndjukendi et al., 2017).

 College student are the most matured but also has a weak personality that even

sometimes they can easy carried away about how people treat them. People have to

control their attitude towards one another to prevent hurting people your interacting

with.

According to Philippine Statistics Authorities (2013) one in ten young Filipino

women aged 15-19 had begun childbearing: Eight percent are already mothers and

another two percent were pregnant with their first child according to the results of the

2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Among young adult women

aged 20 to 24, 43% were already mothers and 4% were pregnant with their first child.

These age ranges 15-19, 20 to 24 were the common age of the college students. Caring

for a child is considered a full-time job and may be very stressful on female college

students if pregnancy is unplanned. Higher education provides increased opportunity

for

earnings and satisfaction. However, women who pursue higher education while raising

children face constant demands from two direction-school and family.

TEENAGE MOTHERS AT FIRST TIME PREGNANCY

Adolescent mothers, though—especially first-time adolescent mothers—

experience additional challenges because they must not only adapt to the role of being

a new mother but also continue to develop through the transitional stages of

adolescence. In addition, an adolescent's positive self-perception of parenting is

influenced by having dependable social support relationships (Clemmens, 2003),

feeling confident (Kretchmar & Jacobvitz, 2002), and being satisfied in her role as a

mother (Secco, Atech, Woodgate, & Moffatt, 2002).

Adolescent mothers experience pressure every day but seeing their babies made the

pressure ease. Doing a makeover of themselves is no longer their priority instead they

are making priorities of taking care of their children. They are happy serving and

taking care of their children especially when they see the smile on the face of their

babies.

Teenage mothers' experiences of first pregnancy. Teenage mothers who are

pregnant for the first time at particular clinics and one hospital at the central region of

the Northern Province experience lack of information regarding human reproduction,

conception and
 signs of pregnancy (Maputle., M. S. 2012) . Reproductive Health services are poorly

utilized. This, coupled with ignorance often leads to unplanned teenage pregnancies.

There is also a delay in seeking of prenatal health care services, with minimal

emotional and social support for family members, friends and partners.

In our generation, being pregnant at a youthful age is most likely to have an arrage

marriage. You will just understand that having children at a young age is hard, that

they are currently being pushed to do work and make money to sustain the needs of

their children .

SUPPORT SYSTEM OF TEENAGE MOTHERS

The research literature indicates family support is particularly important to

teenage mothers and has been found to have a positive influence on parenting behaviors

and practices. However, the mother-daughter relationship is not always a

straightforward one and conflict between the two can diminish some of the positive

impact. The research available on peer support Bunting, L. & McAuley, C. (2011) is

much more limited it suggests that the emotional support of peers is perceived as being

important by teenage mothers. Current research findings suggest that families, partners

and peers tend to

provide different, but complementary, forms of support for teenage mothers which, on

the whole, appear to contribute to more positive outcomes for this group.

The cases also show that need to individualize support to teenage mothers and

suggest that routine structured classes on child development and parenting skill are not

always necessary or sufficient. The cases also suggest that there are at least three types

of teenage mother-infant pairs each of which will require a different level of

intervention, ranging from Level I to Level IV. A plea is made for the

individualization of services to teenage mothers depending on the strengths, emotional

capacities and needs of the mother and her infant.

THE ROLE OF SCHOOL AT TEENAGE PREGNANCY

The overarching goal of school systems is to ensure equal education outcomes and

academic achievement for all students. However, there is a struggle to extend equal

educational outcomes and academic achievement to populations that may be

considered at risk (Harris, A. & Capps, G. (2012) pregnant or parenting teen girls.

School systems also struggles to understand, prevent and/ or intervene on the

structural, cultural and psychosocial factors that pregnant or parenting teen girls‗

experience. To examine teen pregnancy and educational attainment, a critical race

 theoretical framework is utilized. School is also one of the priority in everyone of us

even though they bearing a child they

still chose to study and work on their dreams. It may be challenging in the beginning but

in the end your hard work won’t disappoint you.

In the Philippines, education has been recognized as a central element in

development. The decision and the determination to pursue a higher education is one

of the most significant commitments a student will make in his or her lifetime. The

pressures of family survival or of improving a family‘s socioeconomic status,

combined with the parents‘ own attitudes toward education, ultimately determine

whether or not a child will be able to stay in school despite the limited financial

resources of the family. According to Olmstead, Koon, Puhlman, Pasley, & Fincham,

(2012) most often than not, women were only the one facing the consequences of early

pregnancy, whether emotionally, socially and academically. Each year, thousands of

students go to various college and universities many seeking to enjoy the ―college

life. That may include partying, drinking, meeting new people, fostering new

friendships and engaging in sexual relationships, behaviors that may be perceived as

traditional college student. According to Philippine Statistics Authorities (2013) one in

ten young Filipino women aged 15-19 had begun childbearing: Eight percent are

already mothers and other two percent were pregnant with their first child according to
the results of the 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Among

young adult women aged 20 to 24, 43% were already mothers and 4% were pregnant

with their first child. These age ranges 15-19, 20 to 24 were the common age of the

college students.

Education offers a happy and stable life, makes the world safer and peaceful place to

live, become a useful member of the society and vital for economic prosperity of a

nation (Reda, 2015). Education was deemed important only for boys because they

were going to be the family provider. In the traditional society, man was the primary

income-earner in a household and needed to be educated, as to secure better job

opportunity and get higher income. The girls were expected to stay at home, managing

the household and taking care of the family. In addition, the prejudice among Malays

that school was the place to propagate Christianity, socialize place for boys and girls,

the fear of losing helping hands at home and the lack of interest by the girls to pursue

study were some factors that education for girls was not the primary focus (Musa,

2010). For those women who are working, they are often exposed to the ―second

shift‖ at home after their working hours ends (Adofo, 2013).

The overall was designed to examine the concordance of pregnancy risk behaviors

among children within a family. Families were eligible to participate if they contained

at least one biological younger sibling ( age 12 - 16) who had never been involved in a
pregnancy at study enrollment. Only Mexican American and black families were

enrolled, due to those groups have proportionately high risks of teenage and births.

With its main objective of exploring the lived experiences and challenges of student

mothers, this qualitative study aims to understand and defined the roles, obligations

and coping

student mother under the changing, challenging and sometimes conflicting situations

they are into.

 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter presents the procedures undertaken in this study, which includes the

research design, informants of the study, research instruments and data gathering

techniques, and treatment of data. For this study, the researcher used the hermeneutic

phenomenological approach in analyzing data on the coping strategies of teenage

mother‘s in Samar National School amidst the pandemic.

RESEARCH DESIGN

In this study, phenomenological research is the chosen technique, which focuses on

how people articulate and understand their lived experiences as a result of occurrences.

Since the topic is all about teenage pregnancy, where we have to discover their
experiences living a teen mom. The researchers will use hermeneutical

phenomenology in this study because they are interested in the real-life experiences of

teenage mothers. Hermeneutic study, according to Fuster Guillen (2019), tries to

explain and comprehend the lives of those being researched. According to Creswell

and Poth (2016), the goal of a hermeneutic phenomenological study is to uncover

meaning and conduct in-depth

analysis of the informants' experiences through complete comprehension and

interpretation.

The goal of this study is to make students aware that being a mother is not a joke,

and as student researchers, we recognize that it plays an important part in our lives. ―I

hope that teen moms realize that their path to success still exists, and the only way to

achieve it is to make the decision to go after it.‖ ( Alicia T. Bowens, L.O.V.E. for Teen

Moms: You Can Still Have Lives of Vision & Empowerment ).

INFORMANTS OF THE STUDY

Six Senior High School teen mom students participated in our study. According to

Arikunto (2010:183), purposive sampling is the process of selecting sample by taking

subject that is not based on the level area, but it is taken based on the specific purpose.
Using purposive sampling, it enhanced the understanding of the researchers to the

selected individuals or groups experiences (Dever Frankel,.2000) that can help them to

choose their participants that will be fit for the study. They were chosen to provide

valuable information and understanding about experiences and struggles of being a

teenage mother student. These respondents were selected to generate information of

how did they cope up amidst the pandemic aa a student and a mother at the same time.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS AND DATA GATHERING TECHNIQUES

The researchers relied solely on a questionnaire to collect the necessary data for

this study. The questionnaire was divided into two major sections. The first section is a

checklist that includes the student respondents' profile variables such as age and

gender, occupation, grade level, and coping strategies during the pandemic. The

second component was a questionnaire in which teenage mom student-respondents

were tasked with answering the 5-item questions with their appropriate answers.

TREATMENT OF DATA

The analysis will start by collecting and sorting the responses of the informants and

the researchers will compile or organize the obtained information according to their

codes. The codes will eventually be grouped according to the themes that the
researchers will create. After finalizing and interpreting the sorted data, the researchers

will make sure that the process was systematically and orderly followed through

highlighting the rigor in qualitative research by integrating trustworthiness which

constitutes these four (4) areas: (1) Credibility; (2) Dependability; (3) Confirmability;

and (4) Transferability (Lincoln and Guba, 1985).

Confirmability - The researchers will ensure that the data collected from the

informants is accurate and clear because, the conclusions are based on the informants'

real life experiences and perceptions, rather than the researchers' goals and views In

this regard, the researchers will state their viewpoint in the study to the point where

they will disclose their biases.

Transferability - This research can be used as a resource for future academics who

want to undertake comparable investigations in their areas of interest. As a result, the

researchers will confirm in their conclusions and recommendations that the scope of

the study's findings can be applicable to different scenarios.

Dependability - To assure the dependability of the study, the researchers will ensure to

have a detailed description of the data gathering and techniques. The researchers will
work hard to get effective and reliable data for future readers. Henceforward, based on

previous statements the researchers will be able to create dependability if the study

will be repeated.

Confirmability - In collecting data from the informants, researchers will ensure that the

findings are the experiences and the coping strategies of the informants rather than the

beliefs of the researchers. The researchers will state their position in the study to an

extent that they will admit their preposition.

REFERENCES

A. BOOKS

Cherry, A., & Dillon, M. (2013) Teenage Pregnancy. Oxford University Press.
Books

East, P., Barbara, T., & Horn, E. (2013) Association between adolescent pregnancy

and a family history of teenage births Book of association between adolescence (2)

108-115, 2013

East, P., & Jacobson, L. (2016) The younger siblings of teenage mothers: a follow-

up of their pregnancy risk.

B. JOURNAL

Asnong et al., 2018; Chi Watts et al., 2015; Ndjukendi et al., (2017) Educational
 Experiences of Adolescent Mothers while Studying College in the Philippines.

IOAF Journal of Education 9 (1) 41-58

Bunting, L., & McAuley, C. (2004). Teenage pregnancy and motherhood: The

contribution of support. child & family Social work 9 (2) , 207-215.

DeVito, J. (2010) How adolescent mothers feel about becoming a parent. The

Journal of Perinatal Education 19 (2), 25.

Dowden, A. R., Gray, K., White, N., Ethridge, G., Spencer, N., & Boston, Q.(2018)

A Phenomenological Analysis of the Impact of Teen Pregnancy on Education

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School Counseling 16 (, n8.

Gatbonton, R. R.(2021) Educational Experiences of Adolescent Mothers while

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mothers in a suburb of Accra, Ghana: a qualitative study. International journal of

women's health 5, 773.

 Landly, S., Cleland, J., & Schubert, J. (2011) The individuality of teenage mothers

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(2011)

Majid, S.N.A., ( 2019) ―Focus in Your Study and Don't Worry": Exploring the

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Moltrecht, B., Dalton, L., Hanna, J.,Law, C., & Rapa, E. (2022)Young parents‘

experiences of pregnancy and parenting during the COVID-19 pandemic: a

qualitative study in the United Kingdom. BMC Public Health 22 (1), 1-12, 2022

C. PUBLISHED SOURCE

Cabaguing, A., (2017) Motherhood and ‗student hood‘: The lived experiences of

college student mothers in Samar State University. International Review of Social

Sciences 5 (3), 213-219.

Cherry., Dillon., (2013)The Only Exception: Teenage Pregnancy in the Philippines.

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 CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION OF DATA

This chapter presents the answers to the sub questions in the statement of the problem. It

conveys the responses of parents of first to third graders to the interview questions

formulated. Important parts of their responses will be highlighted and written here in

verbatim to carefully form interpretations and ensure authenticity. Intendedly, this will

paint a clearer picture of the experiences of teenage mothers amidst the pandemic.

1. The coping strategies of the teenage mothers.

1.1

R1: The informant is still adjusting to their roles and obligations as a new parents to

their child amidst the pandemic.

” Syempre makuri kay pagwaray mama oh! Makuri an ako”

R2: According to the informant, It was difficult for her when her baby was still an

infant, but as her baby boy grows older, she is excited to see what he will become near

future.

“It was difficult at first when my baby boy was still a new born.”

R3: Informant 3’s observation about her experience of a teenage mom is fine and

according to her she is happy serving her child.

 “Ahm..okay man hiya..masaya happy gihap may ada kasi ako parents na na

supporta liwat ha akon han sunod.”

R4:

“Masaya nga makuri liwat pero gineenjoy ko la ngahaw kay mother kana gud.”

R5: Informant 5, maybe doesn't have experience of having a child at a very young age

but still, she is trying her best to fit in with a good mother

“Waray pa ha experience pero danay makuri pero nakakaya man.”

R6: As a teen mom I face a lot of difficulties such as mu mental health problems and

physical body changes and I started to have those insecurities about myself.

1.2

R1: The informants is currently comparing her life before as a teenager and now as a

parent of the her child.

“Ahhh mas maupay kuan dan una han waray pa ako asawa kay nakakalakat bisan

diin kesa yana adi la puros bantay kuan diri na kuan ahh…nak sarili puros nala

bantay.”

R2: According to the informant, she used to do physical activities but when she got

pregnant, her lifestyle changes dramatically, not only her lifestyle but her personality

too. Being a pregnant at a very young age change her to be the best version of her self.

“Hmm…my life use to be always hangouts but when I get pregnant, my life change a

lot.”
R3: Before she can do anything what she wants like hanging out with her friends but

when she got pregnant she became matured enough to take good decisions for herself

and also for her son.

“Before, nagkamayda na ako anak ngan mas naging matured na ako about hiton

akon self tas hit akon pagdesisyon gihap nak kalugaringon ngan para liwat ha akon

anak.”

R4:

“Sadto nahihimo ko pa tanan nga waray pagaalangan tapos yana syempre as a

mother may mga priority kana kailangan mo unahon anay imo mga anak bago an iba

magiisip ka anay han mga butang kun maupay nga mama kana ha life before nga diri

pa.”

R5: According to the informant before she can do anything she wants without hesitation

but now she needs to be mindful for the sake of her child.

“Ahm..siguro an una nahihimo mo tanan yana diri na.”

R6: Before our informants got pregnant she also experience like full of restrictions and

limitations due to her strict parents. But now she finally understood why her parents did

it, for her own she sake and the betterment of her future.

“My life before I get pregnant was difficult for me too because I have strict parents

and I wasn’t able to do the things that I want back then but now I usually I understand
why do they care for me that much and as a mother right now I learned that things from

myself.”

1.3

R1: Our informant is having trouble with her financial support coming from her husband

and her parents.

” Nagkaproblema gad nak pagburod kay syempre diba nagiisog hira mama hi papa

nagiisog hira kay waray kasi hira kahibaro hadto basta makuri adto.”

R2: At first it was hard for her when covid-19 strikes and now she's kindda used to it.

During pandemic she always think of good memories and those good memories become

her support system to surpass covid-19.

” When covid-19 strikes.”

R3: Being first-time mother for her isn’t that had because she have her parent’s who’s

always supporting all their needs emotionally and financially.

“Well waray man kay ada man akon parents na nasupporta liwat ha akon anak ngan

diri man liwat hiya makuri.”

R4:

“Mayda nga medyo diri gihap makuri mayda hiya syempre as kuan as mother

kailangan tah talaga han financial pero diriman siya makuri kay an akon kasi partner

may ada hiya trabaho waray hiya ka stop”.

R5: A lot of challenges she encountered such as financially, emotionally, and

physically.
 ” Damo! Financial tapos ahm…number one financial tapos makuri makagawas

kulang exercise tapos damo an diri nakakakuan ha for example iya papa makuri

makatrabaho kay pandemic.”

R6: During the pandemic my mental health is starting to change and I was able to build

up myself because who will gonna do it for me? It is also myself who lift me up.

1.4

R1: She was able to overcome the challenges with the help of her child that gives her the

energy and hope to handle the challenges.

“Kun diri dahil kada mama diri hira makukuan nak ginagihan tas kinalabasa.”

R2: According to the informant, pandemic is an advantage for her being a student and a

mother at the same time.

” Pandemic is an advantage for me because I am a mother now I can gave all my time

to my baby boy while doing my school works here in our house.

R3: For her whenever she’s feeling down, she is just always praying to God. It is her

best weapon to cope up with her challenges.

“Pray la…pray la ka God.”

R4: “Siguro ano… patients la tapos han bulig liwat han akon family syempre aada man

hira na naalalay so mayda gihap.”

R5: By trusting herself and also being optimistic all the time.

“Ahm ano tiwala lang.”

R6: through the support of her family she never feel downed for her self and by this

support she always thankful that she had a family like that.
 “By having a faith and guidance by my parents I was able to cope up.”

1.5

R1: With the help of the informant’s parents and siblings she was able to survive the

obtacles.

” Aww mayda hira mama…hira mama la naghihimo danay nak mga kabugtoan.”

R2: According to the informant, it was her friends and family that help her to overcome

the difficulties of being a monther at the very yung age

“Yes! It was my friends and family.”

R3: She is very grateful for those people who helped her raising her child being heathly

and kind especially her family and other friends.

” Oo actually damo usa na dida akon parents ngan an iba liwat na akon

kasangkayan ngan syempre liwat hi papa and God.”

R4:

“Ansy la adto family, family friends danay danay la.”

R5: Informant 5 maybe don’t have experience of having a child at a very young age but

still she is trying her best to fit in with a good mother.

“Oo, both partner duha na kag-anak.”

R6: By the help of our informants partner in life, family and friends she was able to face

the problems and challenges.

“My family and partner and my friends.”