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Hello, It`s me teacher Aireen.
Working drawings and
specifications are the primary
working documents used by a
contractor to bid and execute a
project. Specifications are the
written documents that go with
the construction documents and
describe the materials as well as
the installation methods. They
consist of precisely written
documentation that describes a
project to be constructed,
supplementing drawings and
forming part of the contract and
describing qualities of materials,
their methods of manufacture and
installation into the project,
workmanship and mode of
construction, in addition to
providing other information not
shown in the drawings including
description of the final result.
I hope you will get so much
knowledge in this module. Have a
great day!
We are here to guide you on
how to accomplish each task
included here with the content
focusing on:
LESSON 3: DRAFTING ARCHITECTURAL
LAYOUT AND DETAILS (AL)
ARCHITECTURAL SYMBOLS
In this module you will learn the
Blueprint or drawing that is subject to
clarifications but is complete with
enough plan and section views (with
dimensions, details, and notes) to
enable the depicted item's
construction or replication without
additional information.
To begin with, let’s find out the
competencies that you will master as
you finish this module.
Please fill in the blank with the
required information needed below:
Name: _____________________________
Grade and Section: _______________
Gender: ______________ Age: _______
School:
____________________________________
Parent’s name with signature:
Contact No.:________________________
Date Given: ________________________
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Date Accomplished: _______________
Pre-test. This part helps to examine your prior knowledge
about the lesson. It is only composed of 5-10 items. Remember
to answer this part as honestly as you can.

Lesson Proper. It is the part that discusses the lesson and gives
adequate information and knowledge that you have to
learn. It also contains suitable activities to reinforce your
learning.

Post-test. This part measures your comprehension on the

topics discussed and activities. This will also be your teacher’s
reference in evaluating your performance.

References. All relevant sources used in this module are cited

in this section for further studies.

Key to Correction. It is the part that provides the answers to

both the pre-test and the post-test.

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Answer the following:

1. What is the difference between a footing and a foundation?

2. True or False: Usually, a poor foundation can be easily fixed. (Justify your
answer)(Answer: False. A poor foundation is often irreparable.)
3. True or False: Sometimes, foundations must go deeper into the ground than a
structure is tall. (Justify your answer)( (Answer: True
4. Why is it important to investigate soil conditions before designing a bridge or
structure? (Answer: So it is designed and built to perform reliably in those
conditions.)
5. Why are foundations so important? (Answer: Foundations connect a structure
or bridge to the ground and support the load of the bridge or structure, so it
does not move or fall.

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Learning Competency

TLE_ICTTD9-12AL-Ia-1
LESSON 3: DRAFTING ARCHITECTURAL LAYOUT AND DETAILS (AL)
1. Drafting tools, materials, and equipment
2. Industry Standards and Operating Procedures
3. Architectural
3.1 Job requirements
3.2 Electrical terms and symbols
3.3 Working drawings

Working Drawing
Provide dimensioned, graphical
information that can be used; by a
contractor to construct the works, or by
suppliers to fabricate components of
the works or to assemble or install
components. They may include
architectural drawings, structural
drawings, civil drawings, mechanical
drawings, electrical drawings, and so
on.
Traditionally, working drawings
consist of two-dimensional orthogonal projections of the building
or component they are describing, such as plans, sections and
elevations. These may be drawn to scale by hand, or prepared
using Computer Aided Design (CAD) software.

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Structural Plans
A structural drawing, a type of engineering drawing, is a plan or set of plans
and details for how a building or other structure will be built. Structural drawings are
generally prepared by registered professional engineers, and based on information
provided by architectural drawings. The structural drawings are primarily
concerned with the load-carrying members of a structure. They outline the size and
types of materials to be used, as well as the general demands for connections.
They do not address architectural details like surface finishes, partition walls, or
mechanical systems. The structural drawings communicate the design of the
building's structure to the building authority for review. Structural drawings are also
included with a proposed building's contract documents, which guide contractors
in detailing, fabricating, and installing parts of the structure
The structural drawings set has different subsets: General Notes, Plans,
Elevations, Sections, and Details
The following terminologies are used on structural plans. Be familiar with
them and look forward to meeting them.

Foundation Plan - A
structural excavation
plan of footings and
walls of a building. Is
the part of the
building below the
surface of the ground
which is sometimes
called the
substructure.
A foundation
plan is a plane view
of a structure. That is,
it looks as if it were
projected onto a
horizontal plane and
passed through the
structure. In the case
of the foundation
plan, the plane is
slightly below the
level of the top of the
foundation wall.

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Roof Framing Plan -
A structural framing
plan of the roof plan
with complete
specifications.
One of the most
important parts of
building a sturdy roof
is the initial roof
framing plan. Roof
framing simply
describes how a
group of rafters and
beams are fitted or
joined together in
order to provide
support for the roof
covering

Truss Detail - A
complete structural
detail of a common or
typical truss of a
building either wooden
or steel.

Column/Footing/Beam
Schedule - A complete
specification of column,
footings, and beam in
terms of sizes, materials
and quantity.

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FOOTINGS
A part of foundation
directly supporting the column or
post of a house. A detail drawing
of building footings with specific
requirements.
Footings are an important
part of foundation construction.
They are typically made of
concrete with rebar
reinforcement that has been
poured into an excavated
trench. The purpose of footings is
to support the foundation and
prevent settling. Footings are
especially important in areas with
troublesome soils.

COLUMNS
A column or pillar in architecture and
structural engineering is a structural
element that transmits, through
compression, the weight of the
structure above to other structural
elements below. In other words, a
column is a compression member.

Construction Notes - A sub-

complete detail of wall footings,
lintels, beams, and other required
structural features present in the
plan.

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General Notes - A
complete specification
and legend of structural
features presented in
the plan. General Notes
are to be used to give
information when
allowed by the
specification by the use
of terms such as “as
shown on the plans,”
“as directed by the
engineer,” or others.

Sheet # 5 - Foundation plan, Detail of Footings, Truss Detail, and Column/Footing/

Beam Schedules

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Sheet # 6 - Roof Framing Plan, Construction Notes and General Notes

FIRM UP your Understanding

The working drawings or a
complete set of architectural drawings
form the basis of any construction
project, be it residential or commercial.
It lays out the complete process of
the structure that is to be built. In every
residential project, the working drawings
and design documentation are
significantly vital to understand the
precision planning and engineering of
the entire structure. The residential
architects and designers who are hired
for any residential project are responsible
to prepare the detailed technical
drawings of the specific building. The
purpose of creating these blueprint
drawings is to communicate the proposed design idea in an extremely efficient
way. This in itself has several benefits. From clients being able to accurately
comprehend the merits of the proposed design to the
construction team undertaking the actual construction in the right
direction leaving very few opportunities for errors or extra costs

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 DEEPEN Your Understanding
Using the appropriate symbols for the living space, including symbols for
doors,
windows, cabinets, appliances, and plumbing fixtures; and those more closely
associated with the construction of the structure, including electrical circuits,
material description and sizing, and proper dimensioning, provides for the creation
of a floor plan that is easy to read and also easy to build
Activity A: FOUNDATION PLAN
Directions: Below is a simple activity for you to work on. Sketch the oblique pictorial
of the given orthographic views. Practice the task following the given procedure.
Tools and materials:
 Drawing paper or a long bond paper
 Pencil
 Eraser
Equipment:
 Drawing Table (Drafting Table or Drawing Board)
Procedure
1. Study and sketch carefully the given foundation plan into your oslo paper.
2. Draw the receding line and its dimension.
4. Layout details of the drawing including dimensions. (NTS or not to scale)
5. Double check your drawing then erase unnecessary lines.

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 How Well Did You Perform? Find out by accomplishing the Scoring
Rubric honestly and sincerely. Remember it is your learning at
stake!

Criteria/Rubrics

Criteria 5 points 3 points 1 point

Line Technique Application of (all) At least 3-5 lines were More than 5 lines were
various lines was used not according to used not according to
used according to standards standards
standards
Accuracy All measurements At least 3-5 More than 5
and notations needed measurements and measurements and
were accurately done notations needed were notations needed were
inaccurately done inaccurately done

Layout/Proportion All drawings were Layout was good but More than 2 drawings
drawn proportionately 1-2 drawing were out were drawn out of
and was layout of proportion proportion and
properly improperly layout
Neatness Finished output was Erasures/smudges are Finished output has so
neatly done, no observable on the many erasures/
erasures nor any finished output smudges present
smudges
Time Management Finish the task ahead Finish the task on the Unable to finish the
of the given time/date given time/date task on the given
time/date

Points earned Numerical Rating Descriptive Rating

21 - 25 91 - 100 Outstanding
16 - 20 86 - 90 Very Good
11- 15 81 - 85 Good
6 - 10 76 - 80 Fair
1 - 5 71 - 75 Needs Improvement
Teacher’s Comments:

Teacher’s Signature: _____________________ Date: _____________

Note: The teacher will set the criteria based on the actual performance

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Directions: You have just finished the study of some working drawing in an
architectural drawing. To ensure understanding, try your best to supply the needed
information to complete the following statements. Encircle the correct answer.

1. This are to be used to give information when allowed by the specification by the
use of terms such as “as shown on the plans,” “as directed by the engineer,” or
others his is the dimension that gives the detail and overall sizes of the object.
a. general notes b. footings
c. columns d. construction notes

2. A pillar in architecture and structural engineering is a structural element that

transmits, through compression, the weight of the structure above to other
structural elements below.
a. general notes b. footings
c. columns d. construction notes

3. A complete structural detail of a common or typical truss of a building either

wooden or steel.
a. general notes b. Foundation Plan
c. Roof Framing Plan d. Truss Detail
4. A structural excavation plan of footings and walls of a building. Is the part of the
building below the surface of the ground which is sometimes called the
substructure.
a. general notes b. Foundation Plan
c. Roof Framing Plan d. Truss Detail

5. A part of foundation directly supporting the column or post of a house. A detail

drawing of building footings with specific requirements.
a. general notes b. footings--
c. columns d. construction notes

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Read more: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/working-drawing.htmlTo
https://www.encyclopedia.com/education/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-
press-releases/working-drawing
Image retrieved from https://blog.edx.org/sparking-architectural-imagination-
harvardx-learners-share-work/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_drawing
http://constructionmanuals.tpub.com/14043/css/Foundation-Plan-
30.htm#:~:text=A%20foundation%20plan%20is%20a,top%20of%20the%20foundation
%20wall.

Image retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/359165805/Foundation-

Plan-pasamano
https://myrooff.com/roof-framing-plan/

Image retrieved from http://www.geckosteeltruss.net/Dictionary.htm

https://www.concretenetwork.com/concrete/footing_fundamentals/#:~:text=Footi
ngs%20are%20an%20important%20part,in%20areas%20with%20troublesome%20soils

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Column#:~:text=A%20column%20or%20pillar%20in,col
umn%20is%20a%20compression%20member.
https://structurepoint.org/pdfs/Interaction-Diagram-Tied-Reinforced-Concrete-
Column-Symmetrical-ACI318-14.htm

https://communities.bentley.com/products/microstation/f/microstation-
forum/130574/construction-notes-created-in-one-file-then-certain-notes-displayed-
in-other-files-if-the-note-changes-then-all-those-files-that-link-to-that-note-update-
do-i-use-project-explorer-if-so-how
http://onlinemanuals.txdot.gov/txdotmanuals/pse/general_notes.htm#:~:text=Gen
eral%20Notes%20are%20to%20be,the%20engineer%2C%E2%80%9D%20or%20others.
Image retrieved from http://www.totalconstructionhelp.com/sheds.html

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Pre-assessment
Answer the following:

1. "Footing" is defined as a structure constructed in brickwork, masonry or

concrete under the base of a wall or column for the purpose of distributing
the load over a larger area. "Foundation" is that part of a structure which is in
direct contact with soil and transmits load into it.
2. False. A poor foundation is often irreparable.
3. True
4. So it is designed and built to perform reliably in those conditions.
5. Foundations connect a structure or bridge to the ground and support the
load of the bridge or structure, so it does not move or fall.

Activity 1 DOORS AND WINDOWS SYMBOL

Post- assessment
Multiple choices
1. a
2. c
3. d
4. b
5. b