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THERMO 2: QUIZ NO. 6

(NOTE: USE THE ENTHALPIES BELOW, CREATE FORMULAS, SUBSTITUTE VALUES, NO SHORT CUTS)

Quirimit, Eduard Alexander B. Date: 29/JULY/2022

A. Consider an actual cogeneration plant shown. Steam enters the turbine at 7 Mpaa and 500 deg C. Some steam (10% m s) is
extracted from the turbine at 500 kPaa for process heating, the remaining steam continues to expand to 5 kPaa. Steam is then
condensed at constant pressure and pumped to the boiler pressure of 7 Mpaa. At times of high demand for process heat, some
steam leaving the boiler (70% ms) is throttled to 500 kPaa and is routed to the process heater. The extraction fractions are
adjusted so that steam leaves the process heater as a saturated liquid at 500 kPaa. It is subsequently pumped to 7 Mpaa. The
mass flow rate of steam through the boiler is 15 kg/sec. The turbine has a combined engine efficiency of 85%. Disregarding any
pressure drops and heat losses in the piping and pump and turbine have isentropic efficiencies of 90% (all stages), (1) determine
the following when the process heater is operating at high demand: a. actual cycle process heat Qp’ in KW b. Electric power
from the turbogen set in KW c. Torque on turbine shaft rotating at 1800 rpm if generator efficiency = 95% (Kn-m) d. Ideal
cycle Utilization Factor( %) e. Actual cycle Utilization Factor( %). ( 2). With the process heater not operational, determine the
actual cycle efficiency .

ms

Gen

ANSWERS (should be on
indicated units):
TS diagram with labels
B
a. Qp’ (KJ/sec)
32332.8585 KJ/sec

b. Wk (KW)
4267.99875 KW

Properties of H2O: (ideal) c. Torque (KN-m)

h1 = 3,410.3KJ/kg 22.776 KN-m
h5 = 2,738.61 KJ/kg
h6 =2,072.42 KJ/kg d. Ɛu (%)
hf5 = 640.33 KJ/kg 86.48 %
hf6 = 137.82 KJ/kg
h9 = 144.85 KJ/kg e. Ɛu’ (%)
h10 = 647.33 KJ/kg 85.55 %

f. ec’(%)
10.25 %