NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

Exercise 3.3 Page No: 88

1. Find the transpose of each of the following matrices:

Solution:

2. If A = and B = then verify that:

Solution:
 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

Again,

Proved.

Hence proved.

3. If A’ = and B = then verify that:

 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

(i)
(ii)

Solution:

As we know that (A’)’ = A, we have

LHS:

RHS:

LHS = RHS

(ii)

LHS
 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

RHS:

LHS = RHS

4. If A’ = and B = then find (A + 2B)’.

Solution:

Find A + 2 B

And

5. For the matrices A and B, verify that (AB)’ = B’A’, where:

Solution: LHS
 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

RHS:

LHS = RHS

(ii)

LHS

RHS:

LHS = RHS

6.
(i) If A = then verify that A’A = I.

(ii) If A = then verify that A’A = I.

Solution:
 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

(i)

(ii)

7. (i) Show that the matrix A = is a symmetric matrix.

(ii) Show that the matrix A = is a skew symmetric matrix.

Solution:
According to the symmetric matrix definition: A' = A

A is a symmetric matrix.
 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

(ii) According to the skew symmetric matrix definition: A' = -A

A is a skew symmetric matrix.

8. For a matrix A = , verify that:

(i) (A + A’) is a symmetric matrix.

(ii) (A – A’) is a skew symmetric matrix.

Solution:
(i)

(A + A’) is a symmetric matrix.

 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

(ii)

(A – A’) is a skew symmetric matrix.

9. Find 1/2 (A + A’) and 1/2(A – A’) when A is

Solution:

Now, A + A’ is

So, 1/2 (A + A’) is

Again ,
 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

10. Express the following matrices as the sum of a symmetric and skew symmetric
matrix:

Solution:

Symmetric matrix = 1/2 (A + A’)

And Skew symmetric matrix = 1/2(A – A’)

 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

Again,

Symmetric matrix + Skew symmetric matrix =

Which is A.

Given matrix is sum of Symmetric matrix and Skew symmetric matrix .

Symmetric matrix = 1/2 (A + A’)

And Skew symmetric matrix = 1/2(A – A’)

Symmetric matrix + Skew symmetric matrix =

 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

Which is A.

Given matrix is sum of Symmetric matrix and Skew symmetric matrix .

Symmetric matrix = 1/2 (A + A’)

And Skew symmetric matrix = 1/2(A – A’)

 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

Symmetric matrix + Skew symmetric matrix =

Which is A.

Given matrix is sum of Symmetric matrix and Skew symmetric matrix .

Symmetric matrix = 1/2 (A + A’)

And Skew symmetric matrix = 1/2(A – A’)

Symmetric matrix + Skew symmetric matrix =

 NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Maths Chapter 3 Matrices

Which is A.
Given matrix is sum of Symmetric matrix and Skew symmetric matrix .

Choose the correct answer in Exercises 11 and 12.

11. If A and B are symmetric matrices of same order, AB – BA is a:
(A) Skew-symmetric matrix
(B) Symmetric matrix
(C) Zero matrix
(S) Identity matrix
Solution:
Option (A) is correct.
A and B are symmetric matrices so we get
A' = A and B' = B ....... (1)
We know that
(AB - BA)' = (AB)' - (BA)' [(A - B)' = A' - B']
So we get
= B'A' - A'B' [(AB)' = B'A']
= BA - AB [Using equation (1)]
= - (AB - BA)

12.

Solution:

Option (B) is correct.

By equating corresponding terms,