Camber

Detailed Solution
Civil Engineering-II
SET - D
1. Which of the following are the exclusive (c) 11th (d) 10th
powers of the Lok Sabha? Ans. (d)
1. To introduce the Money Bill. 4. With reference to the Vikramshila University
2. To ratify the declaration of emergency. which of the following statements is/are
correct?
3. To pass a motion of no confidence against
the Council of Ministers. 1. Vikramshila was one of the most important
centre of learning in India during the Pala
4. To impeach against the President.
period.
Choose the correct answer from the code
2. Rakshit, Virochan, Ateesh, Deepankar and
given below:
Ratnakar Shanti were very important
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1 and 4 Acharya of Vikramshila University.
(c) 3 and 4 (d) 2 and 3 Select the correct answer using the code
Ans. (a) given below:
Sol. Special powers of the Lok Shakbha Code:
 Motions of No-confidence against the (a) Only 1 (b) Neither 1 nor 2
government can only be introduced and
passed in the Lok Sabha. (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Only 2
 Money bills can only be introduced in the Ans. (c)

Lok Sabha. 5. What was the theme of the 40th Indian
2. Which of the following sea is situated between International Trade Fair held in November,
Phillippines and Vietnam? 2021?
(a) Phillippines Sea (b) Celebes Sea (a) Atmanirbhar Bharat
(c) South China Sea (d) East China Sea (b) Vocal for Local
Ans. (c) (c) Is of Doing Business
Sol. South China Sea is in South of China, East (d) None of the above
and South of Vietnam, West of the philippines
and North of the Island of Borneo. Ans. (a)
Sol. 40th India international trade fair 2021 held in
3. The provision for Anti Defection Act is
November (14–27) at Pragati Maidan, New
mentioned in which of the following Schedules Delhi. The theme was “Atmanirbhar Bharat”
of the Constitution of India ? with a focus on economy, export potential,
infrastructure supply chain demand and vibrant
(a) 9th (b) 12th
demography.
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Detailed Solution
6. With reference to National Ayurveda Day2021, (a) 56th (b) 88th

which of the following statement is/are correct? (c) 72nd (d) 61st
1. It was celebrated on 23rd October, 2021. Ans. (d)
2. It’s theme was ‘Ayurveda for Poshan’. Sol. The 61st ammendament of the constitution of
Select the correct answer from the code given India Act 1988, lowered the voting age of
elections to the Lok Sabha and to the
below:
legislative Assemblies of States from 21 years
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(a) 1 only (b) Neither 1 nor 2 to 18 years.
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) 2 only 11. Knock-Knee syndrome results due to pollution
of
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Ans. (d)
Sol. In 2021, Ayurveda day is being observed on (a) Heavy metal (b) Phosphate
2nd November 2021. The Ayurveda day
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celebrations one being held under the Azadi
Ka Amrit Mahotsve initiative. The theme was
“Ayurveda for Poshan”
(c) Fluorides
Ans. (c)
(d) Nitrate
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Sol. Knock Knee syndrome occurs due to the
7. In which of the following Puranas, the five pollution of f luorides. The disease is
characteristics of the Puranas are mentioned? characterised by stiffness and hardness of
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joints and bones.

(a) Vaman (b) Matsya
12. Baltic Republics do NOT include which of the
(c) Vayu (d) Vishnu following ?
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Ans. (b)
1. Denmark 2. Estonia
8. By which Consitutional Amendment ‘Part IX
3. Finland 4. Latvia
B’ was added in the Indian constitution?
Select the correct answer using the code
(a) 52nd Constitutional Amendment
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given below:
(b) 97th Consitutional Amendment
Code:
(c) 93rd Consitutional Amendment
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 4
(d) 73rd Consitutional Amendment
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1 and 3
Ans. (b)
Ans. (d)
9. Which one of the following States is a leading
producer of diamonds in India? Sol. The Baltic states – Estonia, Latvia and
Lithuania.
(a) Telangana (b) Karnataka
13. Which French traveller called Kashi as ‘Athens
(c) Madhya Pradesh (d) Odisha of India’?
Ans. (c)
(a) Thevenot (b) Manucci
10. In India, the voting age was lowered from 21
(c) Tavernier (d) Bernier
to 18 years by which of the following
Constitutional Amendment? Ans. (d)
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Detailed Solution
14. Which of the following App is introduced by 16. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
the Election Commission of India in October, answer from the code given below the lists:
2021 for digital mapping of all polling stations? List-I (Code)
(a) Arjun App (b) Chatbot App A. Code of Civil Procedure
(c) Trishul App (d) Garuda App B. Indian Penal Code
Ans. (d)
C. Criminal Procedure Code
Sol. The Election Commission of India has
launched the ‘Garuda APP’ for digital mapping D. Police Act
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of all poling stations, to ensure faster, smarter, List-II (Year of Introduction)
transparent and timely completion of election
work. Through the Garuda APP, booth level I. 1862 II. 1859
officers (BLO) will upload photos and location
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III. 1861 IV. 1860
information f the polling station, along the data
like latitude and longitude of the centre, from Code:
their registered mobile numbers. The App will
A B C D
also nelp in reducing the paper work.
(a) II IV I III
15. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
AS
answer from the code given below the lists: (b) III IV II I
List-I (Blue flag certified Beach) (c) II III IV I
A. Ghoghla B. Kasarkod (d) IV I II III
C. Kappad D. Rushikonda Ans. (a)

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List-II (Location) 17. Which of the following pairs represent units of

the same physical quantity?
1. Andhra Pradesh 2. Kerala
(a) Kelvin and Joule
3. Karnataka 4. Diu
(b) Newton and Calorie
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Code:
(c) Kelvin and Calorie
A B C D
(d) Joule and Calorie
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(a) 4 3 1 2
Ans. (d)
(b) 4 3 2 1
Sol. Joule and Calorie has same physical quantity
(c) 3 4 2 1 because both are unit of energy.
(d) 3 4 1 2 18. Which of the following Article makes provision

Ans. (b) that “the law declared by the Supreme Court
shall be binding on all the Courts within the
Sol.  Ghoghla beach is in U.T. of Diu.
territory of India”?
 Kasarkod beach is in Karnataka.
(a) Article 140 (b) Article 143
 Kappad beach is in Kerala.
 Rushi Konda beach is in Andhra Pradesh. (c) Article 142 (d) Article 141
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Detailed Solution
Ans. (d) (c) Union Finance Minister
Sol. Article 141 provides that the law declared by (d) Prime Minister
the supreme court shall be binding on all
courts within the territory of India. The law Ans. (c)
declared has to be constructed as a principle Sol. Uniform Finance minister is the chairperson
of law that emanates from a judgement, or an of GST Council.
interpretation of law or judgement by the
22. What is the rank of India in ‘Global Food
supreme court, upon which, the case is
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decided. Security Index, 2021’?
19. With reference to Delhi Sultanate consider the (a) 54 (b) 83

following statements. (c) 71 (d) 62
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1. Sultangarhi was build by Sultan Iltutmish. Ans. (c)
Sol.  India is ranked at 71st position in Global
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2. Located in Delhi, it is the first tomb built
by Turks.

Food Security Index 2021.
The Global Food secuirity Index was
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Select the correct answer using the code designed and constructed by Condon,
given below: based Economist Impact and is sponsored
by Corteva Agriscience.
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(a) Only 1 (b) Neither 1 nor 2

23. In the battle of Chandawar (1194 CE) King
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Only 2 jaichand was defeated by Muhammad Gori.
Ans. (c) Present geographical location of Chandawar
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Sol. The tomb of sultan garhi is the earliest Muslim is

tomb in dehi, built by Iltumish in 1231, over (a) Etawah district in U.P. at the bank of river
the grave of his eldest son, Nasir-al-Din Yamuna
Mahmud.
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(b) Varanasi, U.P. at the bank of river Ganga

20. In which of the following States of India
‘Chitrakote waterfall’ is located? (c) Kannauj, U.P. at the bank of river Yamuna
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Jharkhand (d) Prayagraj district in U.P. at the bank of
river Yamuna
(c) Chattisgarh (d) Madhya Pradesh
Ans. (a)
Ans. (c)
24. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct
Sol. Chitrakote waterfall is a beautiful waterfall answer using the code given below the lists:
situated on the river indravati in Bastar district
of Chhattisgarh State of India. List-I List-II
21. Who among the following is the Chairperson A. Acetic acid 1. Ant’s sting
of GST Council ? B. Lactic acid 2. Spinach
(a) President C. Formic acid 3. Vinegar
(b) Diputy Chairman of NITI Ayog D. Oxalic acid 4. Curd
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Detailed Solution
A B C D Ans. (d)
(a) 1 2 3 4
1000V
Sol. Capacity (C) = veh h
(b) 3 4 1 2 S
(c) 4 3 2 1
where space headway (S) = SSD + L
(d) 2 4 1 3
 V2 
Ans. (b) =  Vt r + 2g  + L
 
Sol.  Vinegar is a combination of acetic acid
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and water made by a two-step
fermentation process.  0.278  80  2
= 0.278  80  2 + +6
 Curd has lactic acid. 2  9.81 0.35
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 The acid present in ant’s sting is = 122.5 m
methanoic acid (formic acid).
1000  80
 Oxalic acid found in spinach. C= = 653 veh hr
122.5
25. Which one of the following is NOT correctly
27. If the intensity of rainfall is more than the
matched ?
AS
infiltation capacity of soil, then the infiltration
(a) Shaukat Usmani - Kanpur Conspiracy rate will be
Case
(a) equal to rate of rainfall
(b) Khudiram Bose - Assembly Bomb Case
(b) more than infiltration capacity
(c) Ashfaqullah Khan - Kakori Train Robbery (c) more than the rate of rainfall
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Case
(d) equal to infiltration capacity
(d) Surya Sen - Chatgaon Revolt Case
Ans. (d)
Ans. (b) Sol. When intensity of rainfall is more than the
Sol. On April 18, 1929, Bhagat Singh and infiltration capacity the rate of infiltration is
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
Batukeshwar dutt throw bombs into the equal to infiltration capacity.
central legislative assembly, while it was The actual rate of infiltration f, at a given time
in motion.
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can be expressed as:

 Khudiram Bose is related to Muzaffarpur f = f c, when i > f c
conspiracy case.
f = i, when i < f c
26. Calculate the capacity (vehicle per hour) of Where, i is intensity of rainfall and f c is the
the road when reaction time of the driver is 2 infiltration capacity at a given time; i, f and f c
seconds. The design speed is 80 kmph and are expressed in cm/hr or mm/minute. The
average length of the vehicle is 6 m. Take infiltration capacity (f c) of a soil is high at the
coefficient of friction is 0.35. beginning of a storm and has an exponential
decay as the time elapses.
(a) 600 (b) 724
28. An approximate value of the drag coefficient
(c) 700 (d) 653 of a hemispherical parachute is
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Detailed Solution
(a) 2.35 (b) 0.07 Zones of pollution in river stream are :
(c) 0.30 (d) 1.33 (i) Zone of degradation.

(ii) Zone of active decomposition.
Ans. (d)
(iii) Zone of recovery.
Sol.
(iv) Zone of clear water.
Object in fluid Drag coefficient  CD 
Zone of Degradation
 Submurine 0.15
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 It is found upto certain distance downstream
 Parachute 1.33
of the point at which sewage is discharged
 Air craft wing  air foll  0.10 into the river.
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 Smoke stack  chimney  1.00
 In this algae dies but the fish survives.
29. The natural process under which the following  Water becomes dark and turbid.
river water gets cleaned, is known as
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(a) Self-purification (b) Oxidation
 DO reduces to upto 40% of saturation.
Zone of Active Decomposition
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(c) Photo-synthesis (d) None of these  It is a zone of heavy pollution.
Ans. (a)  Water becomes darker than zone of
degradation.
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Sol.  Running water is capable of purifying itself

with distance through a process known  DO may even fall to zero.
as self purification.
 Fish will disappear.
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In a stream the natural purification process

involved are :  At upper ends, anaerobic bacteria will replace
aerobic bacteria. Hence, anaerobic conditions
(i) Sedimentation of re-suspension set in and thus gases like CH4, H2S, CO2
(ii) Dilution will be evolved and ugly scum forms on the
(iii) Filtration surface.
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(iv) Gas transfer i.e. aeration  At the end of this zone DO concentration will
reach upto 40% of the saturation DO.
(v) Heat transfer
Zone of Recovery
(vi) Chemical conversion i.e. oxidation,
reduction and precipitation  BOD falls down.
(vii)Metabolic processes.  Organic matter will produce nitrate, sulphate,
phosphate, carbonate, etc.
Zone of Zone of
degradation recovery
 D.O. content rises above 40% of the
Clearer Clearer saturation value
DO water water
Zone of Clear Water
Saturation
D.O  DO will rise upto its saturation value, but the
D.O
sag c pathogens may remain.
40% of D.O ur ve
Zone of 30. If in a gradually varied flow dy/dx is positive,
active
decomposition
then dE/dx
Saturation
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Detailed Solution
(a) is negative, if Y > Ye

FC = 25%
(b) is always negative
(c) is always positive

 = 15%
(d) is positive if Y/Ye > 1
Depth of water stored b/w FC & 
Ans. (d)
d
dy s0 – s f =   D  FC   
= w
Sol. dx 1– Fr2
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G. w
=  D  FC –  
w
dE
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= S0 – S f
dx = 1.5 × 80 × (0.25 – 0.15)
= 12 cm
dy  dE dx  32. In GIS, interpolation is made possible by a
=
dx 1– Fr2  principle called,
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(a) Spatial auto correlation
dE dy
as  0 so sign of will be dependent
dx dx (b) Thematic auto-correction
on Froude number (c) Thematic auto correlation
 If Fr > 1 i.e. y < yc (d) Spatial auto-correction
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dy Ans. (a)
than will be negative.
dx Sol. Interpolation is made possible by a principle
called spatial autocorrelation.
 If Fr < 1 i.e. y > yc
33. A 4 hr. storm with a uniform intensity of 1.5
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dy cm/hr produced a runoff depth of 40 mm. The

than will be positive
dx
average infiltration rate during this storm is
31. The field capacity of a soil is 25%, its
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(a) 4 mm/hr (b) 7 mm/hr

permanent wilting point is 15% and specific
(c) 6 mm/hr (d) 5 mm/hr
dry unit weight is 1.5. If the depth of root
Ans. (d)
zone of a crop is 80 cm, the storage capacity
of the soil is Sol.
i
(a) 8 cm (b) 14 cm 40mm or 4cm
(c) 12 cm (d) 10 cm
Ans. (c) 1.5 cm/hr 
Sol. Root zone depth (D) = 80 cm

t
4h
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Detailed Solution
1.5    4 = 4 Ans. (c)

Sol.  Alum requires alkalinity (Bicarbonate
6  4 = 4
alkalinity) to form gelatinous precipitate of
 = 0.5 cm/h Al(OH)3.
= 5 mm/h  The amout of alum required f or
coagulation depends on turbidity and
34. In a rectangular channel, if the critical depth
colour of water.
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is 2.0 m, the specific energy at critical depth
is
(a) 3.0 m (b) 2.5 m (a) Alum  It is cheap and commonly
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(Al2 (SO4)3. 18H2O) used coagulant for raw
(c) 2.0 m (d) 1.5 m (Aluminium Sulphate) water supplies.
 Flocs formed are stable.
Ans. (a)
Sol. T
For rectangular channel
critical depth (yc) = 2.0 m
 Normal dosage (10–30)
mg/l.
 Effective in pH range of
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6.5 to 8.5.
specific energy (E) = 1.5 yc
 It also reduces colour, taste
= 3.0 m and odour.
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(b) Copperas/Ferrous  It is commonly used for

Note: For rectangular channel treating sewage.
(FeSO47H2O)
 Flocs formed are heavy.
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 It works in pH range of 8.5

and above .
yC = Critical depth
 Normal dosage  (10 –
30) mg/L.
(C) Chlorinated Copper  It is used for water which is
B as (Fe2(SO4 ) +FeCl3) not coloured.
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1/3  It is effective in removing

 q2  colour also.
yc =   (For critical flow)
 g   It can work in large pH
ranges.
A = Cross sectional area  They are effective in
combination with lime.
T = Top width of flow
(d) Sodium Aluminate  It is a costlier coagulant.
Q = Discharge (Na2Al2O4)
 It works in pH range
q = Discharge per unit width between 6–8.5.
 It is useful for water which
35. The alum added as a coagulant in water does not have required
treatment functions when the raw water is Alkanity.
 Besides coagulation, it also
(a) Acidic with high turbidity reduces hardness.
(b) Neutral with low turbidity 36. Salinity of water

(c) Alkaline with high turbidity (a) Increase evaporation
(d) Acidic with low turbidity (b) Does not affect evaporation
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Detailed Solution
(c) Reduces evaporation Ans. (d)
(d) None of the above Sol. From Froude Law
Ans. (c) Vr
Sol.  Salts dissolved in water reduces the grLr = 1 (if prototype & model are at same
evaporation because salt ions in the water
reduces the f ree energy of water location i.e. if g is constant then)
molecules.
Vr = Lr
Factors affecting evaporation Lr Lr
R
the time ratio (Tr) = V = L = Lr
r r
39. According to Lacey, depth of scour in a river
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Vapour Temperature Atmospheric Water
pressure pressure quality depends upon the straightness of the reach.If
Wind Size and ‘D’ is the depth of scour in regime flow in a
shape Depth of
of water water body right angled bend, then it is equal to
surface
(a) 1.25 D (b) 2.00 D
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Evaporation increases Evaporation decreases
when when (c) 1.75 D (d) 1.50 D
Vapour pressure  Atmospheric pressure  Ans. (b)
Temperature  Salinity  Sol.
Wind speed  Area of pond/surface 
[upto critical wind velocity] River section Maximum scour depth
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Straight reach 1.25 D

37. Which of the following methods of designation
Moderate bend 1.5 D
of crossing is mostly used in India ?
Severe bend 1.75D
(a) Centre line method
Right angled bend 2.0D
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(b) Isosceles angle method

40. If a turbine develops 2515 kW at 240 rpm,
(c) Right angle method
the torque in the shaft is
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(d) None of the above

(a) 400 kN-m (b) 100 kN-m
Ans. (c)
(c) 1000 kN-m (d) 3335 kN-m
Sol.
Ans. (b)
38. The time scale ratio for a model based on
Sol. P = T
Froude law criterion in terms of length scale
ratio Lr is 2  240
1.5 2515 × 103 = T 
(a) Lr (b) Lr 60
1 T = 100068.6705 Nm
(c) Lr (d) Lr
= 100.068 kNm
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Detailed Solution
41. A liquid flows in a 30 cm diameter pipe at a boundary

Reynolds number of 106. If the friction factor K
>6   a rough boundary
is 0.025, the thickness of laminar sublayer, in '
mm is k
0.25  < 6 in transition
(a) 0.025 (b) 0.0031 
(c) 0.062 (d) 1.00  u* K 

In terms of Roughness Reynolds no.,  
  
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Ans. (c)
Sol. Laminar sublayer thickness w
where u* = ;  w = boundary shear stress
ρ
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11.60
 1  =
u*
...(1)
uK
If < 3 smooth boundary

u* = uavg
T f
8
...(2) u* K
 
 70 rough boundary
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uavg  D uavg 10 6 u*K
Re = = 10 6  = 3<  70  in transition
  D v
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where k = Av. Size of roughness

11.6 11.6  = Kinematic viscosity
=
 = u* uavg f 8  = density
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u* = Friction velocity
11.6 11.6 42. The following surveys are conducted before
= = 6 = 0.06225
6
 10  f 10 0.025 the alginment of a railway track.
  
 D  8 0.3 8
1. Reconnaissance survey
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Note:
2. Preliminary survey
3. Traffic survey
Laminar sub layer
=Laminar 4. Location survey
sublayer
thickness. The correct sequence in which these surveys
K = AV. Size are conducted is
of roughness
(a) 1, 3, 2, 4 (b) 3, 1, 2, 4
 (c) 3, 1, 4, 2 (d) 1, 3, 4, 2
K
Ans. (b)
As per Nikuradse experiment Sol. The following surveys should be carefully

conducted to fix a best possible alignment:
K
If  0.25  a hydrody – namically smooth
 1. Traffic survey.
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Detailed Solution
2. Reconnaissance survey.
V0
Vavg =
3. Preliminary survey or Survey for initial 2
location.
44. Which of the following is NOT a method used
4. Detailed survey or survey for final location.
for plane table surveying ?
43. The velocity distribution over one half of a
(a) Back scattering method
cross section is uniform and zero over the
remaining half. The momentum correction (b) Radiation method
factor for this cross section is (c) Traversing method
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(a) 2.0 (b) 3.0 (d) Intersection method
(c) 1.0 (d) 4.0 Ans. (a)
Ans. (a)
Sol. =
2
 u dA
2
Vavg A
TE Sol. Setting up the Plane Table
Following operations are included in setting
up of the Plane Table :
1. Centering
2. Levelling
AS
 = moment correction factor 3. Orientation
Methods of Plane Table Orientation
2 A
V0   1. By Trough Compass
2
 = 2
 V0  2. By Back Sighting
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  A
 2  This is the most accurate method of orienta-
tion.
 = 2.0
b
cd
u = V0 a
S
b d D
b a c
c C
a
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A
a b
2
A
Traversing with a plane table
A 3. Resection
2 45. Rheology is the study of
u=0
(a) Newtonian fluids
A (b) Non-Newtonian fluids

Vavg =  udA = V 0  
2
(c) Ideal fluids
A A
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Detailed Solution
(d) None of these (a) mistakes

Ans. (b) (b) systematic errors
Sol.  Fluids which obeys Newton’s law of (c) compensating errors
(d) discrepancy
 du 
viscosity   =   are called Newtonian Ans. (a)
 dy 
Sol. Mistakes
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Fluids and those fluids which do not obey
this rule are called Non-Newtonian Fluids.  T hey are ca used by t he
m isunderstanding of the probl em ,
 Rheology is the study of non newtonian carelessness or poor judgement and
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fluid t hese can be co rrect ed onl y i f
discovered.
46. The flow velocity in a sewer does NOT depend
Examples: (a) A reading of 5 m is booked
on
(a) its grade
T as 15 m.
Error
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(b) its roughness This does not arise due to mistake. Rather,
(c) its hydraulic mean depth it is due to physical condition of instruments
like temperature at the time of measurements
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(d) its length of the length of a line & limitations of human

eye etc.
Ans. (d)
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Sol. Flow Formula Error = Measured Value – True Value
 Manning’s formula is used for open Correction = True Value – Measured Value
channel flow (i.e. when sewer is design
to run partially full). Hence, Measured Value + Correction = True
Value
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 Hazen Williams formula is used for closed

conduit or pressure flow. Measured Value – error = True Value
 Manning’s formula
Thus, Correction =    Error
 V  velocity of flow  Errors are classified as
1 R  hydraulic radius 
V  R2/3S1/2   (a) Systematic error
n
 S  slope of sewer  (b) Random error
 Hazen William’s formula
Systematic error
V = 0.849CR0.63S0.54
 Systematic error arises from the source
[C = Hazen-William coefficient, t hat act i n a si m i l ar m anner on
Units are SI units] observations.
Velocity depends on hydraulic mean depth Random Error


and slope on which the sewer is laid.  Random errors are really all those
discrepancies remaining, after the
47. Errors arising from carelessness of the mistakes and systematic errors are
observer are known as removed.
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Detailed Solution
48. Which amongst the BOD and COD of glucose (d) 0.3 and 1.0 Mg/L, respectively
water is greater ? Ans. (*)
(a) BOD Sol. As per amendment no. 1 IS 10500 : 2012 the
(b) COD maximum desirable limits of iron and florides
for drinking water are 1.0 mg/L for both.
(c) Both are equal
50. If the base period is 100 days and the duty of
(d) None of the above the canal is 1000 hectares per cumec, the
Ans. (c) depth of water will be,
R
Sol. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (a) 0.864 cm (b) 864 cm
 The COD test is used to measure the (c) 86.4 cm (d) 8.64 cm
content of organic matter of waste water.
TE
Ans. (c)
Both biodegradable and non
biodegradable. Sol. Base period (B) = 100 days
 The oxygen equivalent of organic matter Duty of canal (D) = 1000 hec/cumec.
that can be oxidised is measured by using
a strong chemical oxidising agent in an 8.64B
Depth of water    =
D
AS
acidic medium.
 Potassium dichromate has been found to 8.64  100
be excellent for this purpose. =
1000
 This test is also sometimes called = 0.864 m = 86.4 cm
dichromate-oxygen demand test.
51. Zero hardness of water is achieved by
 (COD–BOD u )  Nonbiodegradable
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organics. (a) Using lime soda process
Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand (b) Using excess alum dosage
 Bio-chemical oxygen demand is used as (c) Ion exchange method

a measure of the quantity of oxygen
S
(d) Excess lime treatment

required for oxidation of bio degradable
organic matter present in water sample Ans. (c)
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by aerobic biochemical action. Sol.  The water of zero hardness can be

obtained from the ion exchange method
only Lime soda method doesn’t move the
Note: ThOD > COD > BOD > TOC complete hardness from the water.
52. Switch angle depends upon
49. As per IS 10500 : 2012, the maximum
desirable limits of iron and fluorides for drinking i. Heel divergence
water are ii. Length of tongue rail
(a) 0.3 and 0.5 Mg/L, respectively iii. Flange way clearance
(b) 0.5 and 1.8 Mg/L, respectively iv. Throw of switch
(c) 0.3 and 1.5 Mg/L, respectively The correct answer is
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Detailed Solution
(a) i and ii (b) i and iv 55. The camber provided on a sloping road is 1
(c) iii and iv (d) ii and iii in 48. Which one of the following is the ruling
gradient ?
Ans. (a)
(a) 1 in 15 (b) 1 in 30
Sol.
(c) 1 in 24 (d) 1 in 20
 Ans. (c)
RR
Heel divergance
Len gth Sol. Longitudinal gradient = 2 × camber
of ton
g ue rail 56. Which one of the following methods can be
employed for plastic and rubber waste
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  switch angle
disposal?
53. On a hydrograph, isolated storm is
represented as (a) Sanitary landfill (b) Incineration
(a) s-curveT (b) complex peak (c) Pyrolysis

Ans. (c)
(d) Composting
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(c) multi peaks (d) single peak
Ans. (d) Sol. All the four methods are commonly used
methods for solid waste disposals.
MA
Sol.  If a rainfall occurs after the end of DRH

of pervious rainfall and before the start of Sanitary land fill : Simple and economical
DRH of the rainfall after it, it is called but there is continuous evolution of foul gases
isolated storm. which may be explosive in nature. Also, it
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cause leachate in landfills which pollutes

54. When the recirculation ratio in a high rate
nearby groundwater thereby impacting the
trickling filter is unity, then the recirculation ecology of the area.
factor is
Incineration : It is a method of disposal in
(a) 1 (b) Zero which the solid waste is burnt in the presence
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of oxygen.
(c) Less than 1 (d) More than 1
Pyrolysis : It is a method of solid waste
Ans. (d) disposal in which the waste is burnt in the
absence of oxygen. Although fast and
1+ R requires considerable less land, but it causes
Sol. Recirculation factor (RF) =
1+ 0.1R 2 air pollution and thus impacts the environment
of the area.
Whose Composting : It is a slow process whereby
R = Recirculation ration bacteria is used to decompose the solid waste.
Used to decompose the organic materials only.
QR It is a perfectly natural phenomenon and
= = 1 (given)
Q0 imposes least burden on the ecology of the
area.
1+ 1 Fuel can be obtained through pyrolysis of
RF = = 1.65 plastic waste. It is considered as second best
1+ 0.12
option after recycling. It also helps reduce
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Detailed Solution
dependency on fossil fuel and geo-extraction. (a) Viscosity (b) Adhesion
Rubber waste disposal is done through pyrolysis
(c) Cohesion (d) Surface tension
which can separate solids from volatile liquid
and gaseous compounds that can be used as Ans. (c)
fuel. Sol.
57. The product of traffic density and traffic speed
60. If the sequent depth ratio of a hydraulic jump
is termed as
in a rectangular channel is 16.48, the Froude
(a) Traffic volume number at the beginning of the jump is
(b) Basic capacity (a) 5.0 (b) 12.0
R
(c) Traffic capacity (c) 10.0 (d) 8.0
(d) None of the above Ans. (b)
Ans. (a)
Sol. q =K×v
where q is traffic volume

TE Sol.
 y2 
Sequent depth ratio  y  =
 1 2
2
–1+ 1+ 8F| r1
AS
K is traffic density 1+ 1+ 8F| r1
2
16.48 =
v is traffic speed 2
58. A camera equipped with a 152 mm focal length
Fr1 = 12.0
lens, is used to take a vertical photograph
from a flying height of 2780 m. above mean 61. If the impeller of a pump receives liquid on
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sea level. If the terrain is flat with an elevation both of its sides the pump is knonw as
of 500 m, the scale of the photograph will be
(a) Single stage pump
(a) 1 : 15,000 (b) 1:24,500
(b) Double suction pump
(c) 1 : 22,000 (d) 1 : 20,000
(c) Single suction pump
S
Ans. (a)
(d) Double stage pump
Sol. f = 152 mm
Ans. (b)
IE
H = 2780 m
Sol. In single suction pump, fluid is admitted from
h = 500
the suction pipe on one side of impleller hence
f 152 ×10 –3 there is an axial thrust. However, in double
Scale = =
H – h 2780 – 500 suction pump liquid enters from both side of
impeller and hence axial thrust in neutralised
1 and also larger quantity of water can be
=
15000
pumped.
59. Due to which property of mercury, it does NOT 62. The minimum size of grit particles that can be
stick to glass ? removed in grit chamber is
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Detailed Solution
(a) 0.05 mm (b) 0.50 mm startup loss (3sec.)
(c) 0.20 mm (d) 0.10 mm

Ans. (c) R
G = 25sec A = 3sec
Sol. Grit chamber removes particles of size  0.2
g
mm
g = G + A – startup loss
63. What is the relationhsip between the flying = 25 + 3 – 3
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height (H), the focal length (f), the air base
= 25 sec.
(B) and the photo base (b)?
G  actual green time
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f H A  Amber time
(a) B = (b) B =
b.H b.f g  effective green time
(c) B =
b
f.H
T (d) B =
b.H
f
65. An angle measured with theodolite is  with

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weight 2. The weight of will be
4
Ans. (d)
2 4
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h f (a) (b)
Sol. Scale = = 4 2
B H–h
(c) 2 × 42 (d) 2 × 4
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For h = 0
Ans. (c)
bH
B= Sol. Angle   weight 2
f
64. The lost time due to starting delay on a traffic 

 Angle  2 × 42
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signal approach is noted to be 3 seconds. 4

The actual green time is 25 seconds and 66. According to recommendations of the Nagpur
amber time is 3 seconds. How much will be Conference, the formation width of an Ideal
the effective green time ? National Highway is
(a) 19 sec. (b) 35 sec. (a) 12 m (b) 07.50 m
(c) 29 sec. (d) 22 sec. (c) 09 m (d) 13 m
Ans. (*) Ans. (a)
Sol. 67. What will be the theoretical maximum capacity
for a single lane of highway if the speed of
the traffic stream is 40 kmph? (round off 10
units)
(a) 3000 vehicles/hr.
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Detailed Solution
(b) 2010 vehicles/hr. and length is 100 m, then the latitude and
(c) 2510 vehicles/hr. departure of the line AB will be.
(d) 2860 vehicles/hr. (a) + 50 m, + 86.6 m
Ans. (c) (b) + 70.7 m, – 50.0 m

(c) + 50 m, – 86.6 m
1000V
Sol. C= (d) + 86.6 m, – 50.0 m
S
Ans. (c)
1000  40
R
= Sol.
0.2  40 + 6
= 2857.14 N
TE
 2860 veh/h
68. Benkelman beam deflection method is used 60° Lat
for design of
E
(a) Rigid overlays on rigid pavements W
Dep
(b) Flexible overlays on rigid pavements
AS
S
(c) Flexible overlays on flexible pavements
 Latitude = + 100 cos 60°
(d) Rigid overlays on flexible pavements
= + 50 m
Ans. (c)
Department = – 100 sin60°
Sol. The Benkelman beam method is widely used = – 86.6 m
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for evaluation of the structural capacity of

existing flexible pavements and also for 71. If ‘V0’ is the critical velocity of flow in a channel,
estimation and design of flexible overlays for then according to Kennedy, its silt transporting
the strengthening of any weak pavement for power is proportional to
highways.
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(a) V01/2 (b) V07/2

69. Thd discharge through a V-notch varies as
(where, H is the head) (c) V05/2 (d) V03/2
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(a) H1/2 (b) H5/4 Ans. (c)

(c) H5/2 (d) H3/2 72. The similarity between the forces of model
Ans. (c) and prototype is
Sol. Discharge through V notch (Q) (a) Dynamic similarity
8  (b) Design similarity

Q= Cd 2g tan   H5 2
15  2 (c) Kinematic similarity
Hence Q  H5 2 (d) Potential similarity

Ans. (a)
70. If the reduced bearing of a line AB is N60° W
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Detailed Solution
Sol. For dynamic similarity to exist b/w model & (c) Both i and ii (d) only ii
prototype, identical type of forces (viscous,
Ans. (c)
pressure elastic etc) must be parallel and must
be in same ratio at all corresponding sets of Sol. Lining of canal is necessary:
ponits.
(i) To minimise the seepage losses in canal.
73. If the base period of a 6 hr. unit hydrograph
(ii) To increase the discharge in canal section
of a basin is 84 hr. then, the base period of
by increasing the velocity.
a 12 hr. unit hydrograph of the same basin
RR
will be (iii) To prevent the erosion fo bed and side
due to high velocities.
(a) 90 hr.
(iv) To retard the growth of weed, and
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(b) 168 hr.
(v) To reduce maintenance of canal.
(c) 72 hr.
Although lining reduces the seepage losses,
(d) 84 hr.
Ans. (a)
T but it is provided on the basis of economy i.e.
in terms of benifits to investment cost ratio.
ASS
Sol. Base period of 12hr UH will be 6 hrs more Living increases the discharge carrying
than the base period of 6hr UH capacity of canels since higher velocities can
be permitted.
74. The pressure in “Pascals” at a depth of 1 m
MA
76. In a sudden contraction, the velocity head

below the free surface of a body of water will
changes from 0.5 m to 1.25 m. If the coefficient
be equal to
of contraction is 0.66, the head loss in this
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(a) 1 Pascal contraction is

(b) 9810 Pascal (a) 0.133 m (b) 0.648 m
(c) 981 Pascal (c) 0.644 m (d) 0.332 m
(d) 98.1 Pascal
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Ans. (d)
Ans. (b) 2 2
V2  1 
Sol. hL = K ;K =   1
Sol. P = gh 2g C
 C 
= (1000)×9.81×1 2
 1 
K=   1 = 0.2654
= 9810 N/m2  0.66 
75. With reference to lining of a canal which of hL = 0.2654×1.25
the following statement is/are correct? = 0.332 m
i. It is necessary to minimise the seepage 77. A manhole is generally classified as a deep
loss in canal. manhole, if its depth is more than
ii. It increases the discharge in canal section (a) 0.6 m (b) 3.0 m
by increasing the velocity.
(c) 1.5 m (d) 1.2 m
Select the correct answer using the codes
given below: Ans. (c)
(a) only i (b) Neither i nor ii Sol. Classification of manhole based on the depth:
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Detailed Solution
 shallow manholes are the one which are 81. Various water treatment processes are listed
about 0.75 to 0.9 m in depth below
 deep manholes are those which are 1. Filtration 2. Chlorination
deeper than 1.5m.
3. Sedimentation 4. Coagulation
78. Bourdon gauge measures
5. Flocculation
(a) absolute pressure
The correct sequence of these processes in
(b) standard atmospheric pressure a conventional water treatment scheme is
(c) local atmospheric pressure (a) 5, 1, 2, 3, 4
R
(d) gauge pressure (b) 1, 3, 4, 2, 5
Ans. (d) (c) 3, 4, 5, 1, 2
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Sol. Mechanical gauges : They use flexible pipes (d) 4, 5, 3, 1, 2
and they are calibrated to read the gauge
pressure use example : Diaphragm pressure Ans. (d)
gauge, bourdon tube pressure gauge, dead- Sol. The correct sequence of water treatment
weight pressure gauge, and bellows pressure processes are:
gauge.
Coagulation  Flocculation 
AS
79. Which of the following is dimensionless? Sedimentation  Filtration 
(a) Specific weight (b) Specific gravity Disinfection (Exchrolirnation)
(c) Specific viscosity (d) Specific volume 82. According to Indian standard, the number of
Ans. (b) rain gauge stations for an area of 5200 km2
in plains should be
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Sol.
80. Geostationary satellites have, (a) 10 (b) 25
(a) same distance from earth’s centre (c) 20 (d) 15
(b) same angle with geodetic stations Ans. (a)

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Sol. BIS recommends one raingauge station per

(c) same mass as global weight
520km2 for plain areas.
(d) same speed as earth’s rotation No. of raingauge station required
IE
Ans. (d)
 5200 
Sol.  A satellite whichis stationary with respect =   = 10
 520 
to a given position of the earth is known
as geostationary satellite. 83. While testing for COD of sewage, organic
matter is oxidised by K2Cr2O7 in the presence
 This satellite is launched on teh equitorial
plane and tranvelling along the same of
angular velocity as that at which the earth (a) HCl (b) HNO3
rotates and in the same direction will
always remain above the same point on (c) H2SO4 (d) None of these
earth at all the time. Ans. (c)
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Detailed Solution
84. A rectangular block 2 m long, 1 m wide and (b) Compressible flow

1 m deep floats in water. The depth of (c) Inviscid, incompressible flow
immersion is 0.5 m. If water weighs 10 kN/
(d) Vicsous flow
m3. Then the weight of the block is
Ans. (c)
(a) 5 kN (b) 20 kN
Sol. For Bernoulli’s equation to be valid, the
(c) 15 kN (d) 10 kN assumptions are
RR
Ans. (d) (1) steady flow
Sol. The block is floating on water that mena (2) Incompressible flow
buoyant force should be equal to the wt ot (3) frictionless flow (i.e. inviscid flow)
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bloc.
(4) flow is along the stream line
buoyant force (Fb) = (2×1×0.5)×10 = 10 kN
88. The Buckingham-Pi theorem is widely used
85. The ‘track modulus’ is an index of measure of
T
which of the following?
(a) Resistance due to friction
in the dimensional analysis and expresses the
resulting equation in terms of
ASS
(a) the repeating variealbes
(b) Resistance due to rolling
(b) n dimensionless parameters
(c) Resistance deu to deformation
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(c) (n-m) dimensionless parameters

(d) Resistance deu to shear (d) geometric, kinematic and dynamic
Ans. (c) variables
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86. Exit gradient is directly proportional to Ans. (c)

(a) Seepage load Sol. According to Buckingham’s  -theorm if there
are n number of vairables (both dependent
(b) Creep length and independent) in a dimensionally
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(c) Depth of cutoff homogeneous eqn and these variables contain

‘m’ fundamental dimensions then the number
(d) None of the above of dimensions groups, which can be formed,
Ans. (d) shall be (n-m). These dimensionless groups
are called  -terms.
H 1
Sol. Exit gradient (GE) = × , 89. Creep is the
d  
(a) longitudinal movement of rail
1+ 1+ 2
Where,  = , (b) difference in level of two rails
2
(c) lateral movement of rail
 b  length of floor
and  =   = (d) vertical movement of rail
 d  Depth of cut off
Hence, it is directly proportional to seepage Ans. (a)
head. Sol. Creep is defined as the longitudinal movement
of rails with respect to sleepers in a track.
87. The Bernoulli’s equation is applicable only for
90. For non-passing sight distance, the height of
(a) Irrotational flow
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Detailed Solution
stationary object considered is (d) Cyclone

(a) 10 cm (b) 65 cm Ans. (a)
(c) 50 cm (d) 15 cm Sol. Spray towers are low cost scrubbers that can
be used to remov e both gaseonl and
Ans. (d) particulate contaminants.
Sol. For non passing sight distance (ie. stopping
94. Surface tension for an ideal fluid is
sight distance) the height of stationary object
(obstruction) considered is 15cm (a) dependent on temperature
91. Muskingum method of routing satisfies the (b) zero
R
equation (c) infinite
(a) C0 + C1 + C2 = 0 (d) one
TE
(b) C0 · C1 · C2 = 1 Ans. (b)
(c) C0 + C1 + C2 = 1 95. If the length of a chord/arc is 20 m in a curve,
(d) None of the above then the relationship between R and D in the
Ans. (c) curve will be
AS
Sol. As per Muskingum method of routing: 573 1718.9
(a) R = (b) R =
C0 + C1 + C2 = 1 D D
1146
92. If a 2% solution of sewage sample is incubated (c) R = 1146 D (d) R =
D
for 5 days at 20°C and the dissolved oxygen
depletion is 10 mg/L, then the BOD of the Ans. (d)
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sewage would be Sol.
(a) 50 mg/L (b) 2000 mg/L 20 m

(c) 500 mg/L (d) 200 mg/L D°
Ans. (c) R
S
Sol. BOD5 = (initial dissolved oxygen – final

dissolved oxygen × dilution factor)
IE
final volume 100  2R perimeter  360°

diluation factor = sample vol. = = 50
2
360 1146
 20 m perimeter  2R × 20 =
BOD5 = 10 mg/ l  50 = 500 mg l R
93. The device, which can be used to control 1146

 R=
gaseous as well as particulate pollutants in D
the industrial emissions is known as 96. A check dam is a
(a) Spray tower (a) flood control structure
(b) Dynamic precipitator (b) water storage structure
(c) Fabric filter
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Detailed Solution
(c) river training structure Ans. (b)

(d) soil conservation structure 100. Which one of the following specification for
Ans. (d) the length of base line refers to “third order
Triangulation” system?
Sol. A properly designed constructed and
maintained check dam will reduce scour and (a) 0.5 to 3.0 km (b) 10 to 20 km
channel erosion by reducing flow velocity and
(c) 5.0 to 15 km (d) 1.5 to 5.0 km
encouraging sedimentation.
RR
Ans. (a)
97. The unit power Pu of a turbine developing a
power P under a head H is equal to Sol. For applying the triangulation system, certain
parameters will be assumed and length of
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P P base line is one among them length of base
(a) 5/ 2 (b) line is between 5 – 20 km in primary, 2 – 5
H H3/ 2
km in secondary, 0.5 – 3 km in tertiary
(c) PH3/2
Ans. (b)
T (d) P H
101.
triangulation system.
The tower’s used in triangulation are known
ASS
as
P (a) Heliotropes (b) Hunter
Sol. Unit power (Pu) =
H 3 2
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(c) Captain McCaw (d) Bilby

98. The critical condition for stability of slope of Ans. (d)
an earth dam at down stream will be
102. The water balance equation for a catchment
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(a) Reservoir empty with maximum seepage area in terms of rainfal (P), runoff (R),
(b) Reservoir full without pore water pressure evaporation (E) and storage (S) is written as
(c) Reservoir full with maximum percolation (a) R = P – E  S (b) P = E – R  S

rate (c) R = E – P  S (d) R = P + E  S
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(d) None of the above Ans. (a)
Ans. (c) Sol. Water budget equation:
Sol. The most critical for which the stability ot down P – E – R – T – G = S

stream slope must be examined occurs when
103. If the width of the highway is 10 m and its
reservoir is full and seepage is taking place
outer edge is 40 cm higher, the super elevation
at full rate.
is 1 in
99. Recirculation in “Activated sludge process” is
done to (a) 50 (b) 20
(a) Dilute the incoming sewage (c) 25 (d) 40
(b) Supply seed to the aeration tank Ans. (c)

Sol.
(c) Operate the plant continuously
(d) Dampen the effect of the flow variation
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Detailed Solution
(a) Inlet radius of impeller

wid
th (b) Outer angular momentum
=1
0m
(c) Outlet velocity of triangle
40 cm = rise
(d) Outlet radius of impeller
Ans. (a)
Vw 2u2
rise Sol. Euler’s head (He) =
Super elevation (e) = g
width
R
where
0.4 4 u2 = tangential velocity of black at exit
= =
10 100
Vw2 = tangential component (whirl component)
TE
of absolute velocity at outlet
1
= Hence it is dependent on outer angular
25
momentum outlet velocity triangle and outlet
104. The observ ation of two photographs radius of impeller.
simultaneously is called 107. Aerosol is known as
AS
(a) orthography (b) stereoscopy (a) Carbon particles of microscopic size
(c) spectomy (d) spectrometry (b) Finely divided particles of ash
Ans. (b) (c) Diffused liquid particles
Sol. In aerial photography, when two photographs (d) Dispersion of solid or liquid particles in air
ov erlaps on the same ground area is
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photographed from two saperate position Ans. (d)

forms a stereo-pair, used for three dimensional Sol. Aerosol refers to the disperson of solid or
viewing. liquid particles of microscopic size in gaseous
105. Following errors are eliminated during media, such as dust smoke or mist.
S
reciprocal levelling 108. Based on ‘30th’ hourly volume, for how much
(a) errors due to curvature only percent time during the year can the designer
willingly tolerate the unfavourable oeprating
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(b) errors due to line of collimation

conditions?
(c) errors due to refraction only
(a) 0.33 (b) 30
(d) error due to all above
(c) 5.0 (d) 2.5
Ans. (d)
Ans. (a)
Sol. Reciprocal levelling eliminates the need of
Sol. 30th highest hourly volume is exceeded 29
applying correction due to curvature of earth,
refraction and colimation error. It does not 29
hrs in a year is  100% of time is
eliminates the parallax error. 365  24
0.33%
106. In the centrifugal pumps, the Euler’s head is
109. The ratio of the quantity of water stored in the
independent of the following
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Detailed Solution
root zone of the crops to the quantity of water Sol. BOD5 = BODu (1 – e–kt)
actually delivered in the field is known as 127 mg l = BODu (1 – e–5×0.23)
(a) water conveyance efficiency
BODu = 185.85 mg l
(b) water use efficiency
then BOD8 = BODu (1 – e–8×0.23)
(c) water application efficiency
= 156.33 mg l
(d) none of the above
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112. The product of H+ ions and OH– ions in a
Ans. (c)
stronger Alkali is
Sol. Application efficiency
(a) 0
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Quantity of water stored in root zone  Ws  (b) 10–14
 a  =
Quantity of water applied to the field
(c) 10–1
110.
pollutant?
T
Which of the following is a secondary air (d) 1
Ans. (b)
ASS
(a) Carbon monoxide
Sol. The product of molar concentration of H+ &
(b) Smog OH– ions in pure water or an aquons solution
MA
at constant temperature is constant which is

(c) Fly ash
called the ionic product of water.
(d) Carbon dioxide [H+] [OH–] = 10–14
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Ans. (b) 113. If ‘f’ is the focal length of camera and ‘t’ is the
Sol.  Primary air pollutant are those emitted tilt angle, distance of the photo nadir from the
directly from identifiable sources. principal point will be
Example: Oxides of nitrogen, CO, CO2, fly (a) t sin  (b) t cot 
ash organic compound etc.
IEIES
(c) t tan  (d) t cos 

 Secondary air pollutant are those which
are produced in the air by interaction Ans. (c)
among two or more primary pollutants or Sol.
by the reaction with normal atmospheric
0
constituents, with or without
photoactivation. t
Principal point
Example: O 3, PAN (Peroxy acetyl nitrate) f
smog, H2SO4 etc.
111. If 5 day 20°C BOD of a waste water sample
Nadir
is 127 mg/L, then the 8 day 20°C BOD of the
same sample is (if K = 0.23d–1 (base e))
(a) 146.3 mg/L (b) 166.3 mg/L
(c) 162.6 mg/L (d) 156.3 mg/L
Ans. (d) Consider  ON 
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Detailed Solution
NP Ans. (a)
tan t =
f Sol.  Hyetograph is a histogram representing
 NP = f tan (t) the variation of intensity of rainfall Vs time.
114. For analysis of direct runoff from a hydrograph, Note:
the relation N = 0.827A0.2 is used. In this, the  Plot of commulative reainfall and time-
value of area ‘A’ is taken in units as mass curve
(a) Cm2 (b) ha2  Plot of discharge and time - Hydrograph
(c) Km2 (d) m2 117. The maximum value of centrifugal ratio on
R
roads and railways, respectively are taken as
Ans. (c)
Sol. In base flow separation, one of the 1 1
 (a) and
hypotehesis assumes the end of runoff to 4 6
115.
occur N days after the peak of hydrograph
and N is given as
N = 0.827 A0.2
where A is catchment area in km2
Sludge bulking can be controlled by
TE (b)
(c)
1
6
1
4
and
and
1
8
1
8
(d) None of the above

AS
(a) Chlorination Ans. (b)
(b) Denitrification Sol. The ratio of centrifugal force and weight is

called centrifugal ratio
(c) Aeration
(d) Coagulation P U2
Centrifugal ratio = =
M
w gR
Ans. (a)
Sol.  Sludge with poor settling characteristics Mode of Maximum centrifugal
is termed bulking sludge. transportation ratio
 Sludge bulking results in poor influent due 1
S
Road
to presence of excessive suspended solid 4
and also in rapid loss of MLSS from tank. 1
Railway
Sludge bulking can be reduced by
IE
8
(i) Reducing sludge age 118. An unconformity is
(ii) Chlorination of returned activated sludge (a) A surface of erosion or non-deposition as
(iii) Addition of nutrient if it is less. detected in a sequence of rocks
116. A hyetograph is a graphical representation of (b) A type of joints especially associated with
(a) Rainfal intensity and time folded and faulted rocks
(b) Commulative rainfall and time (c) A layer of clay or shale in an igneous
mass
(c) Discharge and time
(d) A layer of boulders and pabbles in a
(d) Rainfall depth and time
sequence of rocks
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Detailed Solution
Ans. (a)  Readings are taken through a prism

attached to the box.
Sol.  An unconformity is a buried erosional or
non-depositonal surface seperating two
rock masses or strata of different ages, N
indicating that sediment deposition was 180°
not continuous.
270°
90°
119. The zero graduation in a prismatic compass W E
RR
is marked in the,
(a) North end of the cirlce 0°
S
(b) In the West end of the cirlce
TEE
(c) In the South end of the circle  When the line of sight is exactly towards
the north, the reading observed is 0º.
(d) In the East end of the circle
Ans. (c)
Sol.
T
Prismatic Compass
 When it points exactly to the east, the
reading observed is 90º.
It may be noted that in a prismatic
ASS

The prismatic compass is a magnetic compass, the sighting of the object and
compass in which there is a prism for taking the reading of the bearing are done
simultaneously, whereas in a surveyor’s
MA
observations.
compass, first the object is sighted, and
 The prismatic compass is generally then reading of the bearing is taken by
sm al ler in size t han a surv eyor ’s moving around the looking down from
S M
compass. the glass cover.

 The prismatic compass consists of a 120. The mechanical extra widening required for
circular box, about 85 to 100 mm
10.5 m wide pavement on a horizontal curve
diameter.
of radius R meter is given by
 The magnetic needle used in a prismatic
IEIES
compass is of broad in shape. 2 3 2

(a) (b)
 An aluminum ring graduated in degrees 2R 2R
and half degrees is directly attached 2 2 2
with the needle. (c) (d)
R 3R
 The graduations on the aluminium ring
where,  is the length of wheel base of the
increase clockwise from 0º to 360º, with
vehicle in meters
the zero of the graduations coinciding
with the south end of the needle, 90º Ans. (b)
graduat i on i s at t he we st , 180º
graduat i on at t he nort h and 270º nl 2
Sol. Mechanical widening =
graduation at the east as show below 2R
in the figure.
For width = 10.5 m
 The prismatic compass is used for the
n= 3
determination of the whole circle bearings
(W.C.B.) of the lines.
3l 2
Hence mechanical widening =
2R
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Detailed Solution
121. The permissible error in chaining f or Trigonometric Levelling.

measurement with chain on hilly terrain is  This is the method of levelling in which
t he di f f erence of el ev a t i ons i s
(a) 1 in 100
determined indirectly from the horizontal
(b) 1 in 1000 distance and the vertical angle. As the
trignometri c relations are used to
(c) 1 in 500
determine the elevations, the method is
(d) 1 in 250 called as trigonometric levelling.
Ans. (d) Barometric Levelling
 Barometric levelling is another type of
R
Sol.
indirect levelling in which the elevations
Chaining Permissible error of v ari ous poi nts are det erm i ned
Rough or hilly ground 1 in 250 indirectly f rom the changes in the
122.
Ordinary chain survey
Steel tape
Hypsometry is a method of
(a) surveying of water bodies
1 in 1000
1 in 2000
TE 123.
atmospheric pressure. The atmospheric
pressure decreases with an increase in
elevation.
Which of the following is one of the factor
influencing the provision of camber?
AS
(b) determining elevation based on the boiling (a) Topography
point of liquids (b) Drainage
(c) finding temperature at different height (c) Sub-grade characteristics
(d) measuring distance (d) Amount of rainfall
M
Ans. (b) Ans. (d)

Sol. Hyposometry: It is a method in which Sol.  Camber is provided to drain off rain water
elevations are determined based on boiling from road surface.
point of liquid.
 Greater is the rainfall greater is the slope
Note: of camber
S
Methos of levelling 124. Calculate the super elevation to be provided

Direct Levelling on the horizontal curve of radius 100 m.
IE
 This is the most common method of Design speed is 50 km/h and the design
levelling. coefficient of lateral friction of 0.15 is fully
 In this method, a spirit level fixed to the develped.
telescope of a levelling instrument is (a) 1.0 (b) 0.047
used to make the line of sight horizontal.
Then all the vertical distances are (c) 0.337 (d) 0.917
measured with respect to this horizontal
Ans. (b)
line of sight. These vertical distances
are used to determine the difference in
V2
elevations of various points. The direct Sol. = µ+e
levelling is also called as Spirit levelling. gR
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Detailed Solution
Ans. (d)
 0.278  50  2
 = 0.15 + e Sol.  Indian Roads Congress (IRC) was set up
9.81 100
by the Government of India in December,
 e = 0.047 1934 on the recommendations of Jayakar
Committee with the objective of promoting
125. Indian Road Congress was formed in the and encouraging the science for building
following year and maintenance of roads.
(a) 1929 (b) 1943
RR
(c) 1939 (d) 1934
TEE
T
ASS
MA
S M
IEIES
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Detailed Solution

 Money bills can only be introduced in the Ans. (c)

6. With reference to National Ayurveda Day2021, (a) 56th (b) 88th

joints and bones.

List-I (Blue flag certified Beach) (c) II III IV I

A. Ghoghla B. Kasarkod (d) IV I II III

C. Kappad D. Rushikonda Ans. (a)

List-II (Location) 17. Which of the following pairs represent units of

(d) 3 4 1 2 18. Which of the following Article makes provision

19. With reference to Delhi Sultanate consider the (a) 54 (b) 83

(a) Only 1 (b) Neither 1 nor 2

Sol. The tomb of sultan garhi is the earliest Muslim is

(b) Varanasi, U.P. at the bank of river Ganga

(b) Diputy Chairman of NITI Ayog D. Oxalic acid 4. Curd

can be expressed as:

(a) 2.35 (b) 0.07 Zones of pollution in river stream are :

(c) 0.30 (d) 1.33 (i) Zone of degradation.

Sol.  Running water is capable of purifying itself

In a stream the natural purification process

(a) is negative, if Y > Ye

(c) is always positive

dy cm/hr produced a runoff depth of 40 mm. The

(a) 4 mm/hr (b) 7 mm/hr

Ans. (c) 1.5 cm/hr 

Sol. Root zone depth (D) = 80 cm

1.5    4 = 4 Ans. (c)

(b) Copperas/Ferrous  It is commonly used for

 It works in pH range of 8.5

1/3  It is effective in removing

(b) Neutral with low turbidity 36. Salinity of water

(c) Reduces evaporation Ans. (d)

(d) None of the above Sol. From Froude Law

Factors affecting evaporation Lr Lr

39. According to Lacey, depth of scour in a river

Straight reach 1.25 D

(b) Isosceles angle method

(d) None of the above

41. A liquid flows in a 30 cm diameter pipe at a boundary

(c) 0.062 (d) 1.00  u* K 

where k = Av. Size of roughness

As per Nikuradse experiment Sol. The following surveys should be carefully

A (b) Non-Newtonian fluids

(d) None of these (a) mistakes

(d) its length of the length of a line & limitations of human

Sol. Flow Formula Error = Measured Value – True Value

 Hazen Williams formula is used for closed

Velocity depends on hydraulic mean depth Random Error

organics. (a) Using lime soda process

Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand (b) Using excess alum dosage

 Bio-chemical oxygen demand is used as (c) Ion exchange method

(d) Excess lime treatment

by aerobic biochemical action. Sol.  The water of zero hardness can be

(a) s-curveT (b) complex peak (c) Pyrolysis

Sol.  If a rainfall occurs after the end of DRH

cause leachate in landfills which pollutes

where q is traffic volume

(a) 0.05 mm (b) 0.50 mm startup loss (3sec.)

(c) 0.20 mm (d) 0.10 mm

64. The lost time due to starting delay on a traffic 

signal approach is noted to be 3 seconds. 4

(d) 2860 vehicles/hr. (a) + 50 m, + 86.6 m

Ans. (c) (b) + 70.7 m, – 50.0 m

for evaluation of the structural capacity of