Below, explain Tight Junctions, Gap Junctions and Desmosomes as if you

were telling that cousin of yours in Kindergarten! (What are they “LIKE”)?
3-4 Questions: Tissues
Level 2 Headings / Vocabulary / Important Information

Terminology
•Tissues – group of cells that carry out specialized activities
– Histo = Tissue
–…ology = study of
•Pathologists – Study of cells and tissue; diseased
– Patho = disease
Four Main Types
• Epithelial
– Body surfaces, hollow
organs, glands
• Connective
– Binds organs
together, energy
reserves for fat
• Muscle
– Movement and force
application
• Nervous
– Stimulates action potential to activate body functions

Germ Layers
• Ectoderm – The primary layer which give rise to nervous system and the
epidermis of skin
• Mesoderm – Middle germ layer which gives rise to connective tissue,
blood, muscles
• Endoderm – Lower germ layer that gives rise to the GI tract, urinary
bladder, and respiratory tract

Junctions
• Cell Junctions – Point of contact between adjacent membranes of various
cell types
• Tight Junctions -Fluid tight seal between cells to prevent leaking of
substances into blood or surrounding tissues; stomach lining & urinary
bladder, and intestines
• Anchoring Junction (Desmosomes) – Fasten cells to on another, common in
stretched areas such as heart, uterus, and outer skin (Adhesions)
• Gap Junction – Allow passage of chemical/electrical signals through
connexons (protein tunnels-hollow cylinders) from cell to cell; i.e. muscular
contraction, pain
 EPITHELIAL TISSUE
• Function: Protection, Filtration, Secretion, Absorption, and Excretion
• Divisions:
1. Covering and Lining
2. Glandular Epithelium
Tissue Arrangements

Cell Shapes
3-4 Questions: I. EPITHELIAL TISSUE:
Level 3 A.Squamous B.Cuboidal C.Columnar
A. Simple Squamous Epithelium
•Function: Filtration, diffusion, osmosis, and
secretion in serous membranes
•Location: Kidneys Glomeruli (water, glucose, and
wastes), Air Sac of Lungs (Gas Exchange), Heart
and Blood Vessels (Nutrients & Medicine)
B. Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
•Function: Secretion and Absorption
•Location: Kidney Tubules (Wastes), Ovary
Surface (Ova)

C. ”Ciliated” Simple Columnar Epithelium

•Function: Moves fluids and particles
along passageways
•Location: Found in respiratory tract
(mucosal Movement), fallopian
tubes (Ova movement), sinuses
(Remove Germs
Runny Nose)
C. ”Non-Ciliated” Simple Columnar Epithelium
•Function: Microvilli secretion & Absorption
•Location: GI tract lining (Absorption of
nutrients and water) &
Gallbladder (Secretion of Bile)

II. STRATIFIED EPITHELIUM:

A.Pseudostatified B.Squamous C.Cuboidal D.Transitional

A. Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium

•Functions: Mucus movement by cilia action
•Location: Found in upper respiratory tract and urethra, and
gonads of males (Sperm maturation)

B. Stratified Squamous Epithelium

•Functions: Protection of superficial layers of skin; vagina,
mouth, esophagus, tongue
•Location:
–Keratinized = Superficial Layers of Skin
–Non-Keratinized =Wet Surfaces (Mouth, Vagina,Tongue)
3-4 Sentence Summary:
 3-4 Questions: C. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Level 4 •Functions: Protection and limited secretion of sweat glands
•Location: Sudoriferous Glands (SWEAT)
D. Transitional Epithelium
•Function: Accommodate Distension in the urinary tract and vaginal walls as
fluid pressures vary.
–Stretched = Squamous
–Relaxed = Cuboidal
•Location: Lining of the ureters, urethra, and bladder
III. GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM:
A. Endocrine B. Exocrine
A. Endocrine Gland
•Function: Produce hormones
•Location: Thyroid, Pituitary Gland, Ovaries, Testicles
B. Exocrine Glands
• Eccrine/Merocrine Secretion
•Forms the product and discharge from the cell entirely
–Salivary Glands

• Apocrine Secretion
•Productforms at apical surface and pinches off from rest of cell
–Mammary Gland

• Holocrine Secretion
•Accumulates secretory product in cytosol, cell dies & is discharged
-Sebaceous Gland (Acne)
IV. CONNECTIVE TISSUE: Three basic characteristics:
A. Bone B.Cartilage-i.Hyaline ii.Fibrocartilage iii.Elastic C.Dense Fibrous
D.Loose-i.Areolar ii.Adipose iii.Reticular E. Blood
What is the function
1. Cell Types
of this cell?
• Fibroblasts – Large, flat immature cells responsible for mitosis & chemical
secretion of matrix compounds
• Macrophages – Fixed vs. Wandering = Local or systemic Phagocytosis
-Plasma Cells – Synthesis of B Lymphcoyte ~ Antibodies
• Mast Cells – Histamine production, Heparin & Warfarin (Anticoagulants)
2. Ground Substance (Matrix)
•Hyaluronic Acid
–Cell binding, wound healing
•Chondroitin Sulfate
–Adhesiveness for bone, cartilage
•Dermatan Sulfate
–Skin, tendons, heart valves
•Keratan Sulfate-Bone, Cartilage
3-4 Questions: 3. Fibers (Matrix)
Level 5 • Collagen – Strength for tissues, most abundant
• Elastin – Elasticity of tissues up to 150% of normal size
A. BONE
• Compact vs. Spongy
– Provides for support
– Movement-Marrow (blood-forming)
B. CARTILAGE
i. Hyaline, ii. Fibrocartilage, iii. Elastic
i. Hyaline Cartilage
– Extremely strong, but very flexible and elastic
– Smooth surface for reduction of friction
– Movement of Joints, Flexibility,
– Support (Trachea), Ossification (bone formation)
ii. Fibrocartilage
– Extremely tough
– Acts as a shock absorber, ball and socket joints
Imagine this tissue iii. Elastic Cartilage
is in your body… – Abundance of elastin for stretching capability
where is it? – Nose, Ears, epiglottis, larynx
C. DENSE FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• Dense, Closely packed collagen fibers that provide high tensile strength
• Strong attachment for
• Tendons (Muscle to Bone)
• Ligaments (Bone to Bone)-"Logan & Liam are her BAY-BEES"
D. LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
i.Areolar, ii.Adipose, iii.Reticular
i. Areolar Connective Tissue
– Provides strength, elasticity, and support to
subcutaneous layer and papillary regions of skin
– Consists of Collagen, Elastic, Reticular fibers
ii. Adipose Tissue
– Fat (White):Used for insulation, energy reserve, fat storage
– Fat (Brown): Generates body heat in newborns that do not shiver
• After infants grow up, most of the
mitochondria (gives the brown color)
disappears, becomes similar to white fat.
• Recent Research=brown fat is related not to
white fat, but to skeletal muscle
iii. Reticular Connective Tissue
– Form covering of many internal organs (Stroma)-soft internal
skeleton that supports other cell types
 3-4 Questions: E. BLOOD
Level 6 • Oxygen Transport
• Clotting (platelets)
• Immunity (WBC’s)
• Nutrient delivery
V. MUSCLE TISSUE
A. Cardiac B. Skeletal C. Smooth
A. Cardiac Muscle

• Composes the heart wall

• Functions in pumping blood
to all parts of the body
• Intercalated discs contain
Gap Junctions
(Communication) &
Desmosomes (Anchor)
B. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
• Attached to bones by
tendons
• Functions in body
movements, posture,
thermogenesis
• Only Muscle tissue
controlled voluntarily

C. Smooth Muscle Tissue

• Forms walls of many
Choose the correct internal organs i.e.:
neuron structure using Stomach, GI tract,
the arm model. Uterus, Anus
• Functions in motion
of internal organs

VI. Nervous Tissue

• Consists of Neuron and Neuroglia
• Neuron – Conversion from stimulus response
to action potential (Sensory, Motor,
Interneuron)
1. Dendrites – Reacts to stimuli
2. Axons – Conductor of impulse
3-4 Sentence Summary: A. Dendrite B. Cell Body C. Nucleus D. Axon E. Myelin Sheath
 Tissue Lab
Directions: For each slide you look at you must do the following: Draw & color a complete, complex, intricate
representation of each slide. Label each observation circle appropriately with the slide title and correct magnification
viewed. Label any identifiable parts of the slide.

Title: Simple Squamous Epithelium Title: Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Title: Simple Columnar Epithelium

Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________

Title: Pseudostratified Ciliated Title: Stratified Squamous Epithelium Title: Transitional Epithelium
Columnar Epithelium (Trachea)
Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________
Mag: _______________

Title: Bone (Ground) Dense Title: Hyaline Cartilage Title: (Tendon) Dense Regular
Irregular Connective Connective Tissue Fibrous Tissue

Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________

 Tissue Lab
Directions: For each slide you look at you must do the following: Draw & color a complete, complex, intricate
representation of each slide. Label each observation circle appropriately with the slide title and correct magnification
viewed. Label any identifiable parts of the slide.

Title: Areolar Loose Connective Title: Skin-Adipose Tissue Title: Spinal Cord (Nervous Tissue)
Tissue (Skin)

Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________

Title: Skeletal Muscle (Striated) Title: Cardiac Muscle (Heart) Title: Smooth Muscle

Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________ Mag: _______________

STAMP 1 STAMP 2 STAMP 3 STAMP 4

STUDENT CHOICE ON CROSSWORD &
TISSUES: UNDER REPAIR
Using Information (vocab, statistics, italicized words) create a flyer or
brochure about cancer from text page 102/103.
 Med Page Today Article Review
Get the “App” or visit www.medpagetoday.com

Topic Search: Cancer (any type)

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ____________________ Period: _____________

Name of Article/Reading: __________________________________________________________________________________

Author(s): _________________________________________________Review By: (Name of Physician)__________________________

I. Reading and Understanding

1. Summarize the main points/facts in at least 6 paragraphs below:
Paragraph #1:

Paragraph #2:

Paragraph #3:

Paragraph #4:

Paragraph #5:

2. Write down any unfamiliar words or phrases

3. Look up the definition of at least one of the words from question 2.

4. What is/are the main point(s) of the entire reading/article?

5. Write down a minimum of 3 questions you still have after reading the article. (Use Level 1, 2, and 3 words)
1. L1:

2. L2:

3. L3:
Use the vocab you had to look up on the right page for your student choice.
 Tissues Vocabulary Review: Use you textbook & notes to answer the following…

1. Germ layer, which differentiates into the GI tract, bladder, and respiratory tract ____________________________

2. The term given to an area where there are NO blood vessels ____________________________

3. The study of tissues ____________________________

4. Type of junction that creates a tight seal between cells allowing contact inhibition ____________________________

5. Type of adipose tissue, which has a high amount of mitochondria responsible

for High Heat ____________________________

6. Form of connective tissue responsible for connecting bone to bone ____________________________

7. A collection of differentiated, specialized cells ____________________________

8. A structure found in cardiac muscle, which allows electric currents to move

freely between cells ____________________________

9. Type of adipose tissue found in adults ____________________________

10. Canals in bone tissue, which allows blood vessels to reach the internal
network of bone marrow ____________________________

11. Germ layer that differentiates into the Integumentary System and Nervous System____________________________

12. A form of junction that allows signals to pass freely through various types of cells ____________________________

13. A fiber that provides cells the ability to stretch and expand beyond normal structure____________________________

14. A mature bone cell ____________________________

15. Type of epithelial cell that is found in cube like shape, found in Ovaries and Kidneys____________________________

16. A person who studies DISEASED tissues, performs biopsies ____________________________

17. Type of exocrine cell found in the sebaceous glands ____________________________

18. Type of epithelial cell found in the lungs, heart, blood vessels, and glomeruli
of the kidneys ____________________________

19. A cartilage cell ____________________________

20. A type of exocrine cell found in the salivary glands ____________________________

21. Germ layer that differentiates into Muscle tissue and Connective tissues ____________________________

22. Type of exocrine cell found in the mammary glands ____________________________

23. Type of connective tissue responsible for connecting bone to muscle ____________________________

24. A type of junction, which fastens cells to one another allowing them to contract
and expand frequently ____________________________

25. A type of fiber which provides strength and support to many organs; mainly
Integumentary System ____________________________
 Med Page Today Article or Online Journal Review
Get the “App” or visit www.medpagetoday.com

Topic Search: Tissue Repair

Name: ___________________________________________________ Date: ____________________ Period: _____________

Name of Article/Reading: __________________________________________________________________________________

Author(s): _________________________________________________Review By: (Name of

Physician)__________________________

I. Reading and Understanding

1. Summarize the main points/facts in at least 6 paragraphs below:
Paragraph #1:

Paragraph #2:

Paragraph #3:

Paragraph #4:

Paragraph #5:

2. Write down any unfamiliar words or phrases

3. Look up the definition of at least one of the words from question 2.

4. What is/are the main point(s) of the entire reading/article?

5. Write down a minimum of 3 questions you still have after reading the article. (Use Level 1, 2, and 3 words)
1. L1:

2. L2:

3. L3:
GET THIS SIGNED BY YOUR PARENT OR GUARDIAN
You will Glue in the Official NB Check Sheet
After I Grade Them!
In the Space Below, Write down what you
still need to finish before the Notebook
Check!
 Student Reflection on Unit & Test: Tissues

Parent/Significant Adult: Review on Tissue Unit

This Interactive Notebook represents your student's learning to date and should contain the work your student has
completed in Anatomy & Physiology. Please take some time to look back at their unit work with them, read their reflection
above (PLEASE DO NOT FILL THIS SECTION IN UNTIL THE ABOVE SECTION IS COMPLETE) and respond to any of
the following:
The work I found most interesting this unit was on page ___________ because…

What was the most interesting part of the Tissue Unit to your student?

After viewing your students Progress Report, what ways can you help your child succeed in this
type of science class? Or is your child doing well enough that they do not need your intervention?

Additional Comments? Questions? Concerns? Contact Me at:

Leila_W_Warren@fc.dekalb.k12.ga.us

Parent/Significant Adult Signature: ____________________________Date: _______________

PLEASE SIGN PROGRESS REPORT ON THE PREVIOUS LEFT PAGE
 *Write entire missed question
*Write only the correct answer
*Highlight answer
*Get stamped the last 5 minutes of class