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Bài 4 - Câu Ghép - Liên T - Gi I T
Bài 4 - Câu Ghép - Liên T - Gi I T
Để tạo thành câu ghép thì ta chỉ việc nối các câu đơn lại với nhau bằng các từ nối (liên từ) để
diễn đạt 1 ý hoàn chính.
- Tùy vào ý nghĩa muốn diễn đạt mà dùng liên từ cho phù hợp
- 2 câu đơn sau khi được nối lại thành một câu thì được gọi là 2 mệnh đề.
===> Như vậy về bản chất, để tạo thành câu ghép thì ta chỉ cần biết cách sử dụng liên từ
cho phù hợp là được.
Bây giờ chúng ta sẽ cùng nhau đi tìm hiểu và các từ dùng để nối câu trong tiếng Anh
LIÊN TỪ GIỚI TỪ
Chức năng: Nối Chức năng: Nối:
+ Từ --- Từ (1) + V --- N: He sits on the table
+ Cụm từ --- Cụm từ (2) + N --- N: The book on the table is mine
+ Mệnh đề --- Mệnh đề (3)
==> Không dùng để nối 2 mệnh đề.
==> Sau giới từ luôn là: N/Ving
1. Liên từ đẳng lập: - above, about, across, agaisnt, along, among, around, at.
- before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between,
- Gồm các từ: for, and, nor, but, or, yet beyound, by
(“FANBOY”) - down, dring, dispite
- except
- Đặc điểm: nối những thành phần đẳng lập - for, from
với nhau về mặt ngữ pháp (danh - danh; động - in, inside, into
- động; trạng - trạng; tính - tính; mệnh đề - - like, near
mệnh đề.) - of, off, on
- since (từ, từ khi)
VD: - to, toward, through
- I like tea and coffee. - under, until, up, upon
- She is a diligent and intelligent student. - with, within, whereby
- Ram likes tea, but Anthony likes coffee.
2- Liên từ tương quan:
- according to (theo như)
- Đặc điểm: luôn đi theo cặp - in addition to (ngoài, bên cạnh)
- in spite of = despite (bất chấp)
both......and..... - in contrast to (trái ngược với)
either ...... or...... - in stead of (thay vì)
neither ... .....nor.......... - in the event of (trong trường hợp)
whether........or.......... - because of (bởi vì)
not only... ....but also.... - thanks to = owing to = nhờ vào (cái gì)
rather.... ....than.... - by means of (bằng cách)
not..... .......but.... ... - regarding = about = relating to (về, liên quan tới)
if...........then....
......
4- Trạng từ nối:
Chú ý:
- Liên từ và giới từ trong bảng trên và bảng dưới đây bắt buộc các bạn phải thuộc hết thì mới làm bài tập
được - hãy coi nó như những từ mới và học thuộc lòng dần dần.
- Cố gắng làm bài tập, hiểu nghĩa của câu và ôn tập nhiều lần thì mới nhớ được
- Chú ý mấy từ: before, after, since, until - mấy chữ này vừa là liên từ, vừa là giới từ
Liên từ Giới từ
- When you develop products, it is - They will make payment upon delivery.
important to conduct a market research. = Họ sẽ thanh toán khi giao hàng.
= Khi bạn phát triển sản phẩm, điều quan
trọng là tiến hành nghiên cứu thị trường.
By the time: Vào lúc, lúc - I can finish the work by five o'clock.
= Tôi có thể hoàn thành công việc trước
- By the time we got to the party, năm giờ.
everyone had left.
= Lúc chúng tôi đến bữa tiệc, mọi người
đã rời đi.
- Because it was submitted late, the - The picnic was canceled due to bad
report was returned. weather.
= Bởi vì được nộp muộn, báo cáo đã = Buổi dã ngoại đã bị hủy do thời tiết xấu.
được trả lại.
Diễn tả Although = though = even though: mặc Despite = in spite of: mặc dù
sự dù
nhượng - We enjoyed our camping holiday in spite
bộ - Although he is inexperienced, he is of the rain.
still appreciated by the whole staff. = Chúng tôi vui vẻ cắm trại mặc dù trời
= Mặc dù anh ta thiếu kinh nghiệm, anh mưa.
ta vẫn được toàn thể nhân viên đánh giá
cao.
1. This salad is both delicious _______ healthy. 2. She is neither polite _______ funny.
(A). or (A). or
(B). and (B). nor
(C). nor (C). not
(D). but (D). yet
3. ------- we are under a tight deadline on product 4. ------- searching for long-term economic
delivery, we will have to ask for assistance from growth, the government intends to study
other departments. immediate solutions to avoid severe criticism
(A) Moreover from the public.
(B) Because (A) According to
(C) Therefore (B) Future
(D) Nevertheless (C) However
(D) Instead of
5. People can obtain information ------- an article 6. The chairperson was trying to curtail a lengthy,
containing several cases of the implementation of heated discussion ------- the merits of work ethics
the new technology and its impact. due to the time constraint.
(A) where (A) on
(B) while (B) by
(C) from (C) with
(D) wherever (D) to
Bài 2: Bài tập về liên từ:
1. Proper maintenance of your heating equipment 6. Motorbike Unlimited’s marketing campaign will
ensures that small issues can be fixed------ they begin-----------the terms of the contract are
become big ones. finalized.
2. Satinesse Seat Covers will refund your order---- 7. Rain is predicted this weekend,-----------the
-------you are not completely satisfied. office picnic will have to be postponed.
(A) if (A) so
(B) yet (B) for
(C) until (C) but
(D) neither (D) nor
3. -----------Peura Insurance has located a larger 8. Clydeway, Inc., has grown dramatically----------
office space, it will begin negotiating the rental -its beginnings as a small corner grocery store.
agreement.
(A) since
(A) Happily (B) such
(B) Now that (C) except
(C) Despite (D) however
(D) In fact
9. -----------Mr. Kamau has worked for Mombasa
4. The community program features classes in Communications for two years, he has never taken
photography, drawing,-----------other arts. time off.
5. Mr. Liu will not be in the office this morning --- 10. -----------the rock band Captain Zino decided to
--------he has a dentist appointment. offer free tickets to their concert, sales of their
album have reached record numbers.
(A) following
(B) because (A) Since
(C) including (B) Besides
(D) likewise (C) As much as
(D) Not only
11. Ms. Abe will order supplies tomorrow,---------- 16. A new barbershop is opening-----------the
-tell her right away if you need anything. neighborhood already has three others.
12. The Knysya Theater requests that all electronic 17. Enjoy one month free when you start your
devices be silenced-----------the play begins. company on Rooster’s e-mail-----------Web hosting
service.
(A) also
(B) but (A) then
(C) unless (B) yet
(D) before (C) but
(D) and
13. The employee help desk will be moved to
room 530-----------the Human Resources offices 18. Our company’s efforts to hire new workers
are being renovated. have intensified-----------so many employees have
recently retired.
(A) opposite
(B) that (A) because
(C) while (B) although
(D) anywhere (C) instead
(D) unless
14. -----------the CEO and the CFO are authorized
to sign checks over $10,000. 19. -----------your Fromo grocery order is placed
before 10:00 A.M., it will be delivered the same
(A) Each day.
(B) Either
(C) Both (A) That
(D) Whoever (B) Such
(C) As long as
15. -----------the printer cartridge was installed (D) In spite of
correctly, it leaked some ink.
20. Conference attendees will share
(A) Although accommodations-----------they submit a special
(B) So request for a single room.
(C) If
(D) However (A) even
(B) unless
(C) similarly
(D) also
Bài 3: Bài tập về giới từ
1. Hotel guests have a lovely view of the ocean----- 6. You must close the application before-----------
--the south-facing windows. the installation of the software update.
2. Payments made -----------4:00 P.M. will be 7. Industry news and upcoming social events are---
processed on the following business day. --------the items featured in the company
newsletter.
(A) later
(B) after (A) during
(C) than (B) among
(D) often (C) toward
(D) except
3. After----------the neighborhood, Mr. Park
decided not to move his cafe to Thomasville. 8. Many customers have remained faithful to
Kristiansen Electronics-----------the years because
(A) evaluation of our excellent customer service.
(B) evaluate
(C) evaluating (A) through
(D) evaluated (B) even if
(C) prior to
4. The average precipitation in Campos----------- (D) while
the past three years has been 22.7 centimeters.
9. Assistant Director Melissa Arun works-----------
(A) on the interns to monitor the quality of their work.
(B) for
(C) to (A) across
(D) under (B) alongside
(C) against
5. AI’s Cafe will now be open on Sundays ---------- (D) about
-the hours of 9 A.M. and 5 P.M.
10. The cafeteria is featuring dishes-----------
(A) for different regions of the world this week.
(B) between
(C) inside (A) over
(D) from (B) through
(C) into
(D) from
11. The city council will discuss certain policies, 17. After monitoring the Hasher Corporation’s
particularly those made-----------the previous inventory control process-----------several days, the
administration. consultant identified the problem.
12. Servers’ tips are pooled at the end of each shift 18. Revenue growth exceeding 2 percent was seen-
and divided evenly-----------the entire waitstaff. ----------all business segments this quarter.
13. The ideal operating temperature for the tablet 19. After record profits, Golden Shamrock
computer is-----------10 and 30 degrees Celsius. Jewelry’s stock price increased-----------our
expectations.
(A) between
(B) above (A) beside
(C) in (B) beyond
(D) off (C) behind
(D) between
14. Our internship combines lectures with real-
world projects to provide formal instruction -------- 20. Mumbai Jewel is a widely acclaimed
---professional experience. restaurant, mainly-----------its delicious buffet
dinners.
(A) above all
(B) as well as (A) such as
(C) now that (B) not only
(D) in order to (C) because of
(D) together with
15. Classes-----------using the new employee
scheduling software will begin in December.
(A) at
(B) to
(C) by
(D) on
(A) As in
(B) Just as
(C) Almost
(D) After