Name: Dan Patrick C.

Bautista Date: July 20, 2022 Score:

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OHM’S LAW
INTRODUCTION

One of the fundamental principles involved in when dealing with electric circuits is known
as Ohm’s law. This law gives the relationship between the voltage across and current through a
given resistor.

Ohm’s law states that for a given metallic conductor, whose physical conditions remain
constant, the ratio of the potential difference to the current is a constant. The constant is the
resistance of the conductor. This is expressed as:

𝑉
𝑅 =
𝐼

where R, V, and I are the resistance, voltage drop, and current through the resistor respectively.

OBJECTIVES:
To verify Ohm’s law by observing the variation of
a) current as a function of potential difference while keeping the resistance constant
b) current as a function of resistance while keeping the voltage constant
c. To familiarize PheT simulation tools in studying Ohm’s Law and the use of excel as a
visualization tool

PROCEDURE:
A. Variation of Current with Voltage Download
the Phet simulation:

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab/latest/circuit-
construction-kit-dc-virtual-lab_en.html

1. Construct the circuit shown in Figure 6.1 in the Phet Simulation App with the switch open. Set
the resistance constant at 80Ω.

switch

+
6V R = 80
−
 Figure 6.1

2. Starting with a 12V-DC source, turn on the switch and measure the current existing in the
circuit. Vary the voltage of the circuit according to the given values (12V, 9V, 6V, 3V, 0V).

3. Record the current reading for each measured voltage in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1
Measured Voltage (V) y Current (A)
xy x2
x
12 0.15 1.8 0.023
9 0.11 0.99 0.012
6 0.08 0.48 0.0064
3 0.04 0.12 0.0016
0 0.00 0.00 0.00
y = 30 x = 0.38 xy =3.39 x2 = 0.043

4. Plot a curve to show the variation of voltage with the current.

 Solve the slope and y-intercept by using the principle of least square fitting. (N = 5)

slope = N xy − yx

N  x2 − ( x)2

 y x2 − xxy
y − int =
 x2 − ( x)2

B. Variation of Current with Resistance

1. Set the constant voltage source to 12 VDC.

2. Vary the resistance of the circuit to 20 , 40 , 60 , 80 and 100 and record the current for
each setting in Table 6.2 Table 6.2
Actual Current (mA) 1/Resistance
xy x2
Resistance () Y x
20 0.60 0.05 0.03 0.0025
40 0.30 0.025 0.0075 0.000625
60 0.20 0.0167 0.00334 0.000279
80 0.15 0.0125 0.00188 0.000156
100 0.12 0.01 0.0012 0.0001
y = 1.37  x =0.1142  xy = 0.04392 x2 = 0.00366
3. Follow the steps in Part A. Graph Current versus 1/Resistance. Calculate the slope and y-
intercept using linear regression.
Solve the slope and y-intercept by using the principle of least square fitting. (N = 5)

slope = N xy − yx

N  x2 − ( x)2

 y x2 − xxy
y − int =
 x2 − ( x)2
Interpretation: The electric circuit shown above is It works according to Ohm's law. Voltage
divided by resistance equals current. Therefore, even when current increases with voltage,
resistance stays the same. We all know that resistance and ampere are inversely proportional. A
change in voltage will cause an increase in resistance if the current is kept constant. Alternately,
an increase in current will cause a fall in resistance while maintaining a constant voltage.

Please attach here the screen shot of your Phet set-up.

Part A

Part B