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Joints
Joints
◼
arthrology.
Classifications 1❑ Fibrous joints
◼ no cavity, just dense irregular connective tissue
◼ Fibrous, cartilaginous, or
synovial 2❑ Cartilaginous joints
no cavity, bones held together by cartilage
B
◼
◼
Based on degree of movement they permit
Types
1
◼ Suture (Adults – Synarthrosis; Infants - Amphiarthrosis)
❑ Joined by thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue
Example: between bones of skull
1
❑
1
◼ Synchondrosis (amphiarthrosis-synarthrosis)
❑ Hyaline cartilage connects two areas of bone
2 ◼ Symphysis (amphiarthrosis)
❑ End of articulating bones are covered w/ hyaline cartilage, but a
❑ Example: Manubrium and 1st rib broad, flat disc of fibrocartilage connects the bones
❑ All occur in the midline of the body
❑ Examples: pubic symphysis, sternal angle and intervertebral
discs
3
considerable joint movement as freely movable (diarthroses).
◼ Epiphyseal cartilages
◼ Articular cartilage
❑ Hyaline cartilage growth centers during endochondral bone ❑ A layer of hyaline cartilage that
formation, not joints associated with movements covers ends of bones, absorbs
❑ Examples: epiphyseal (growth) plate that connects the epiphysis shock and reduces friction
and diaphysis of a growing bone ◼ Articular capsule (Joint capsule)
❑ Unites articulating bones
❑ 2 Layers: