EPITHELIAL TISSUE
Photos STRUCTURE
Single-layer of flat,
often hexagonal cells.
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM
Single layer of cube-
shaped cells.
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
EPITHELIUM
Single layer of tall,
narrow cells (large,
thin); some have cilia
SIMPLE or microvilli.
COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM
Single layer of cells; tall
PSEUDOSTRATIFIE and thin and reach the
D COLUMNAR free surface and others do
not.
EPITHELIUM
Several layers of cells
STRATIFIED that are cuboidal in the
basal layer and
SQUAMOUS
progressively flattened
EPITHELIUM
toward the surface.
Multiple layers of
STRATIFIED cube-like cells.
CUBOIDAL
EPITHELIUM
Consists of more than
one layer of epithelial
cells but only the surface
STRATIFIED cells are columnar.
COLUMNAR Deeper layers are
EPITHELIUM irregular/cuboidal in
shape.
Stratified cells that
TRANSITIONAL appear cuboidal when
the organ or tube is not
EPITHELIUM
stretched and squamous
when the organ or the
tube is stretched by
fluid; the number of cell
layers decreases.
FUNCTION LOCATION
Diffusion, filtration, Lining of blood vessels
some secretion and and the heart, lymphatic
some protection against vessels, alveoli of the
lungs, portions of the
friction.
kidney tubules, lining of
serous membranes of
body cavities.
Secretion and Kidney tubules, glands
absorption. and their ducts, choroid
plexuses of the brain,
lining of terminal
bronchioles of the lungs
and surfaces of the
ovaries.
Movement of oocytes, Glands and some ducts,
secretion and bronchioles of lungs,
absorption. auditory tubes, uterus,
uterine tubes, stomach,
intestines, gallbladder,
bile ducts and ventricles
of the brain.
Synthesize (ciliated Lining of nasal cavity,
tissue) and secrete nasal sinuses, auditory
mucus and move tubes, pharynx, trachea,
and bronchi of lungs.
mucus.
Protects against Keratinized – outer layer
abrasion, forms a of the skin
barrier against Non-Keratinized –
mouth, throat, larynx,
infection and reduces
esophagus, anus, vagina,
loss of water from the inferior urethra and
body. cornea.
Secretion, absorption Linings of the ducts of
and protection. sweat glands, esophageal
glands, mammary glands
and parts of male urethra.
Secretion, protection Mammary gland ducts,
and some absorption. the larynx, and a portion
of the male urethra.
Accommodates Lining of urinary bladder,
fluctuations in the ureters, and superior
volume of fluid in an urethra.
organ or a tube;
protects against the
caustic effects of urine.
 CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER: LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUES
PHOTOS STRUCTURE FUNCTION LOCATION
A fine network of Loose packing. Widely distributed
fibers (mostly collagen support. and throughout the body;
fibers with a few nourishment for the substance
elastic fibers) with structures with which on which basement
spaces between the it is associated membranes rest;
fibers; fibroblasts. packing between
AREOLAR
macrophages. and glands. muscles and
CONNECTIVE
lymphocytes are nerves; attaches the
TISSUE
located in the spaces skin to underlying
tissues

Little extracellular Packing material. Predominantly in

matrix surrounding thermal insulator, subcutaneous areas,
cells; the adipocytes, energy storage. and mesenteries. renal
or fat cells, are so full protection of organs pelves, around
of lipid that the against injury from kidneys, attached to
cytoplasm is pushed to being bumped or jarred the surface of the
the periphery of the colon, mammary
ADIPOSE TISSUE cell. glands, and in loose
connective tissue that
penetrates into spaces
and crevices.

Fine network of Provides a Within the lymph

reticular fibers superstructure for nodes, spleen and
irregularly arranged lymphatic and bone marrow.
RETICULAR TISSUE hemopoietic tissues.
- for storage

CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER: DENSE CONNECTIVE TISSUES

Matrix composed of Withstand great Tendons (attach
collagen fibers pulling forces exerted muscle to bone) and
running in somewhat in the direction of fiber ligaments (attach
the same direction in orientation due to great bones to each other);
tendons and tensile strength and also found in the
ligaments; collagen stretch resistance dermis of the skin.
DENSE REGULAR
fibers run in several organ capsules and the
COLLAGENOUS
directions in the outer layer of many
CONNECTIVE
dermis of the skin vessels
TISSUE
and in organ capsules

Matrix composed of Capable of stretching Elastic ligaments

collagen fibers and and recoiling like a between the vertebrae
elastin fibers running rubber band with and along the dorsal
in somewhat the same strength in the aspect of the neck
direction in elastic direction of fiber (nucha) and in the
ligaments elastic fibers orientation vocal cords; also
DENSE REGULAR
run in connective found in elastic
ELASTIC TISSUE
tissue of blood vessel connective tissue of
walls vessel walls
 SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE: CARTILAGE
PHOTOS STRUCTURE FUNCTION LOCATION
Collagen fibers are Allows growth of long Growing long bones,
small and evenly bones, provides rigidity cartilage rings of the
dispersed in the with some flexibility in respiratory system,
matrix, in the making the trachea, bronchi, costal cartilage of ribs,
the matrix appear ribs, and nose; forms nasal cartilages. surface
transparent; the strong, smooth yet of bones.
HYALINE
chondrocytes are found somewhat flexible and the embryonic
CARTILAGE
in spaces, or lacunae, articulating skeleton
within the firm but surfaces; forms the
flexible matrix ernbryonic skeleton
Collagen fibers similar Somewhat flexible and Intervertebral disks,
to those in hyoline capable of symphysis, and articular
cartilage; the fibers withstanding disks (e.g., knees and
are more numerous considerable temporomandibular (jaw
FIBROCARTILAG than pressure; connects joints)
E in other cartilages structures subjected to
and are arranged in great pressure
thick bundles
Similar to hyaline Provides rigidity with External ears, epiglottis
cartilage, but matrix even more flexibility and auditory tubes.
also contains elastin than hyaline cartilage
ELASTIC fibers because elastic fibers
CARTILAGE return
to their original shape
after being stretched

SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE: BONE

Hard, bony matrix Provides great strength All bones of the body.
predominates; many and support and
osteocytes (not seen in protects internal
BONE this bone preparation) organs, such as the
are located within brain; bone also
lacunae; the matrix is provides attachment
organized into layers sites for muscles
called lamellae and ligaments; the
joints of bones allow
rnovements

FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE

FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE: BLOOD
PHOTOS STRUCTURE FUNCTION LOCATION
Blood cells and a Transports oxygen. Within the blood
fluid matrix. carbon dioxide. vessels white blood
Hormones, nutrients cells frequently leave
waste products, and the blood vessels and
BLOOD other substances; enter the interstitial
protects the body from spaces
 infections and is
involved in temperature
regulation

MUSCLE TISSUES
PHOTOS STRUCTURE FUNCTION LOCATION
Skeletal muscles cells Movement of the body; Attached to the bone or
or fibers appear under voluntary other connective
striated (banded); control. tissue.
SKELETAL cells are large, long,
MUSCLE and cylindrical, with
many nuclei.

Cardiac muscles cells Pumps the blood; under In the heart.

are cylindrical and involuntary
striated and have a (unconscious) control.
single nucleus; they
are branched and
connected to one
CARDIAC MUSCLE
another by intercalated
disks, which contain
gap junctions.

Smooth muscles cells Regulates the size of In hollow organs, such

are tapered at each organs, forces fluid as the stomach and
end, are not striated, through tubes, controls intestine; skin and
and have a single the amount of light eyes.
nucleus. entering the eye, and
produces
SMOOTH MUSCLE
“goosebumps” in the
skin; under involuntary
(unconscious) control.

NERVOUS TISSUES
STRUCTURE FUNCTION LOCATION
A neuron consists of Neurons transmit In the brain, spinal
dendrites, a cell body, information in the form cord and ganglia.
and a long axon; of action potentials,
neuroglia, or support store information, and
NEURON cells, surround the integrate and evaluate
neurons. data; neuroglia
support, protect and
form specialized sheaths
around axons.