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and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
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education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

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“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”

IS 14225 (1995): Automotive vehicles - Locking systems and

door retention components - General requirements [TED 6:
Automotive Body, Chassis, Accessories and Garage
Equipments]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”

Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”

है”
ह
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
 IS14225:1995

( Reaffirmed 2000 )
vRi?vmm

AUTOMOTIVEVEHICLES-LOCKING
SYSTEMSANDDOORRETENTION
COMPONENTS -GENERALREQUIREMENTS

UDC 629.113~0 11.64 : 683-338.2.07

@ BIS 1995

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARO
NEW DELHI 110002

February 1995 Price Group 5

‘._
Automotive Body and Chassis Sectional Committee, TED 6

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Automotive Body and Chassis Sectional Committee had been approved by the Transport
Engineering Division Council.
In preparation of this standard considerable assistance has been derived from BS AU 209 Vehicle
Security, Part 7 Specification for locking systems for goods vehicle driving components, ARAI
Safety Standard No. 311993, SAE J 838 Vehicle passenger - Door hinge systems and SAE J
839 Passenger car side door latch system.
The committee responsible for the preparation of this standard is given in Annex C.
In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final
value, observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2 : 1960
‘Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised )‘,
 IS 14225 : 1995

Indian Standard
AUTOMOTIVEVEHICLES-LOCKING
SYSTEMSANDDOORRETENTION
COMPONENTS -GENERALREQUIREMENTS
1 SCOPE 2.4.1.2 Rotor ( Bolts )
1.1 This standard specifies requirements for side The rotating or sliding member of the latch
door including emergency door locks and side which engages and restrains the latch to the
door retention components including latches, striker.
hinges and other supporting means, fitted on
cars, light and heavy commercial vehicles to 2.4.1.3 Ratchet
minimize the likelihood of occupants being
thrown out from the vehicle as a result of any A member of the latch connected to the rotor
impact. to provide an abutment or abutments which,
when properly indexed, become engaged with
1.2 This standard does not apply to those vehi- a related paw1 to prevent motion of the rotor in
cles which are not normally provided with a one direction.
door.
2.4.1.4 Paw1
2 TERMINOLOGY
2.1 Cargo Type Door A member of the latch that can be operated to
engage the abutments of the ratchet to prevent
Cargo-type door means a door designed prima- relative motion between the two parts except in
rily to accommodate cargo loading including one direction.
but not limited to a two-part door that latches
to itself. 2.5 Striker
2.2 Side Front Door A mechanical device with which the latch
Side front door means a door that, in a side engages on the opposing member or the body.
view, has 50 percent or more of its opening area
forward of the rearmost point on the driver’s 2.6 Fully Latched Position
seatback, when the driver’s seat is adjusted to
its most vertical and rearward position. The position that exists between the latch and
striker when the door is secured in the fully
2.3 Side Rear Door closed position.
Side rear door means a door that, in a side 2.7 Secondary Latched Position
view, has more than 50 percent of its opening
area to the rear of the rearmost point on the The position that exists between the latch and
driver’s seatback, when the drivers’s seat is striker when the latch holds the door in a
adjusted to its most vertical and rearward partially closed position.
position. NOTE- The secondary latched position may be
included in the side door latch, as an added mecha-
2.4 Latch nical feature to reduce the possibility of the door
opening freely, in the event the door is not closed
A mechanical device employed to position the to the fully latched position. It shall be recognized
door in a closed position relative to the vehicle that doors are intended to be in the fully latched
body with provision for controlled release ( or position whenever the vehicle is in motion.
operation ).
3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.4 1 Latch Components
Following components on any side door leading
2.4.1.1 Plate directly into a compartment that contains one
The main body or frame for supporting working or more seating accommodations shall conform
components, appendages and transmitting or to this standard and shall pass the tests as per
distributing loads to the door structure. test procedures in 4.

1
IS 14225 : 1995

3.1 Hinged Doors ( Other than Cargo Type handle and when the locking mechanism is
Door ) engaged, both outside and inside door handle
or latch release control shall be inoperable.
3.1.1 Door Latches
3.2 Hinged Cargo Type Doors
Each door latch and striker assembly shall be
provided with two positions consisting of: 3.2.1 Door Latches
a) A fully latched position, and 3.2.1.1 Longitudinal load
b) A secondary latched position.
Each latch system, when in the latched posi-
3.1.1.1 Longitudinal load tion, shall not separate when a longitudinal
load of 1 135 kgf is applied.
The door latch and striker assembly, when in the
fully latched position, shall not separate when 3.2.1.2 Transverse load
a longitudinal load of 1 135 kgf is applied. In Each latch system, when in the latched posi-
the secondary latched position, the door latch tion shall not separate when a transverse load
and striker assembly shall not separate when a of 910 kgf is applied. When more than one
longitudinal load of 455 kgf is applied. latch system is used on a single door, the load
requirement may be divided among the total
3.1.1.2 Transverse load number of latch systems.
The door latch and striker assembly, when in 3.2.2 Door Hinges
the fully latched position, shall not separate
when a transverse load of 910 kgf is applied. In Each door hinge system shall support the door
the secondary latched position, the door latch and shall not separate when a longitudinal load
and striker assembly shall not separate when of 1 135 kgf is applied and when a transverse
a transverse load of 455 kfg is applied. load of 9‘0 kgf is applied.
3.1.1.3 Inertia load 3.3 Sliding Doors
The door latch shall nof disengage from the The track and slide combination or other
fully latched position when a longitudinal or supporting means for each sliding door shall not
transverse inertia load of 30 g is applied to the separate when a total transverse load of
door latch system ( including the latch and its 1 820 kti is applied, with the door in the closed
actuating mechanism with the locking mecha- position.
nism disengaged ).
4 TEST PROCEDURES
3.1.2 Door Hinges
4.1 Hinged Doors ( Other than Cargo Type
Each door hinge system shall support the door
Doors )
and shall not separate when a longitudinal load
of 1 135 kgf is applied. Similarly, each door 4.1.1 Door Latches
hinge system shall not separate when a tranverse
load of 910 kgf is applied. 4.1.1.1 Longitudinal and tranwerse loads
3.1.2.1 Hinges shall be mounted at the front Compliance to 3.1.1.1 and 3.1.1.2 for checking
edge of the door in the direction of forward the procedure as given in Annex A shall be
travel. followed.
3.1.3 Each door except the driver’s door, shall 4.1.1.2 Inertia load
be equipped with a locking mechanism with
means of operating from the interior of the Compliance with 3.1.1.3 shall be proved by
vehicle. approved tests or in accordance with procedure
given in Annex A.
3.1.3.1 Driver’s side door
4.1.2 Door Hinges
On the driver’s side door, the locking mecha-
nism shall be operable from the exterior. Compliance with 3.1.2 shall be listed in accor-
3.1.3.2 When the locking mechanism is engaged dance with procedure given in Annex B. For
the outside door handle or outside latch release piano type hinges, the hinge spacing require-
control shall be inoperative. ments of Annex B shall not be applicable and
arrangement of the test fixture shall be altered
3.1.3.3 In passenger cars, when the locking as required so that the test load may be applied
mechanism is independent of the interior door to the cornplate hinge.

2
 IS 14225 : 1995

4.2 Hinged Cargo Type Doors spacing requirements as given in Annex B shall
not be applicable and arrangement of the test
4.2.1 Door Latches fixture shall be altered as required so that the
test load will be applied to the complete hinge.
Compliance with 3.2.1 shall be checked by
testing in accordance with procedure given in 4.3 Sliding Doors
Annex A. An equivalent static test fixture may
be substituted for that shown in Fig. 2 of the Compliance with 3.3 shall be checked by
Annex A if required. applying an outward transverse load of 1 000 kgf
of the load bearing members at the opposite
4.2.2 Door Hinges edges of the door ( 2 000 kgf total ). The testing
Compliance with. 3.2.2 shall be checked in may be performed either on the vehicle or with
accordance with procedure given in Annex B. the door retention components in a bench
For piano type hinges, the hinge given in fixture.

ANNEX
( Clauses 4.1.1.1, 4.1.1.2 and 4.2.1 )
TEST REQUIREMENTS FOR HINGED DOORS AND LATCHES
A-l REQUIREMENTS
A-l.1 Longitudinal Load
A door latch and striker assembly, when tested
as described under test procedures, shall be
able to withstand an ultimate longitudinal load
of 1 135 kgf when in the fully latched position
and 455 kgf when in the secondary latched
position.
A-l.2 Transverse Load
A door latch and striker assembly, when tested
as described under test procedures, shall be able
to withstand an ultimate transverse load of
910 kgf when in the fully latched position ( see
A-2.3 ) and 455 kgf‘ when in the secondary
latched position.
A-l.3 Inertia Load
A door latch system ( including the door latch,
striker assembly, outside handle, kev cvlinder
and any connection mechanisms ) i’n the fully
latched position, when evaluated by calculation,
shall remain in the fully latched position when
subjected to an inertia load of 30 g in any
direction.
A-2 STATIC TESTS
A-2.1 Longitudinal Load ( Fully Latched Positon )
A-2.1.1 Purllose
To determine the ability of the vehicle latch and
striker to withstand a test perpendicular to the
face of the latch.
A
A-2.1.2 Equipment
a) Tensile testing machine
b) Static test fixture ( see Fig. 1 )
A-2.1.3 Operation
a) Attach the test fixture to the mounting
provisions of the latch and striker. Align
the direction of engagement parallel to
the linkage of the fixture. Mount fixture
with latch and striker in fully latched
position in the test machine so as to
apply a load perpendicular to the face of
the latch.
b) Locate weights to apply a 90 kgf load
tending to separate the latch and striker
in the direction of the door opening.
c) Apply the test load at a rate not excee-
ding 5 mm per minute until failure
occurred or till 1 135 kgf. Record maxi-
mum load.
A-2.2 Longitudinal Load ( Secondary Latched
Position )
A-2.2.1 Purpose
To determine the ability of the vehicle latch
and striker in the secondary position to with-
standlatch
t,,e a test load perpendicular to the face of
A.2.2.2 Test Equipment
a) Tensile testing machine
b) Static test fixture ( see Fig. 1 )

3
 IS 14225 : 1995

A-2.2.3 Procedure fixture with the latch and striker in fully

a) Attach the test fixture to the mounting
provisions of the latch and striker. Align
the direction of engagement parallel to
the linkage of the fixture. Mount fixture
with latch and striker in secondary latch
position in the test machine so as to
apply a load perpendicular to the face of
the latch.
b) Locate weights to apply a 90 kgf load
tending to separate the latch and striker
in the direction of the door opening.
cl Apply the test load at a rate not exceeding
5 mm per minute until failure occurred
455 kgf. Record maximum load.
latched position in the test machine so as
to apply a load in the direction of door
opening.
b) Apply the test load at a rate not excee-
ding 5 mm per minute until failure
occurred. Record the maximum load.
A-2.4 Transverse Load ( Secondary Latched
Position on the Assembly )
A-2.4.1 Purpose
To determine the ability of the vehicle latch
and striker in the secondary position to withrj
stand the test load in the direction of door
or
opening.

A-2.3 Transverse Load ( Fully Latched Position ) A-2.4.2 Test Equipment

a) Tensile testing machine
A-2.3.1 Purpose
b) Static test fixture ( see Fig. 2 )
To determine the ability of the vehicle latch
and striker to withstand the test load in the A-2.4.3 Operation
direction of door opening.
a) Adapt the test fixture to the mounting
A-2.3.2 Equipment provisions of the latch and striker. Mount
fixture with the latch and striker in
a) Tensile testing machine, and secondary latched position in the test
b) Static test fixture ( see Fig. 2 ). machine so as to apply a load in the
direction of door opening.
A-2.3.3 Procedure
b) Apply the test load at a rate not excee-
a) Adapt the test fixture to the mounting ding 5 mm per minute until failure
provisions of the latch and striker. Mount occurred. Record the maximum load.

ADAPT THE TEST PULL LOAD APPLIED SIMULATING

EOUIPMENT TO THE ; OUTWARD OPENING OF OOOR
TYPE OF LATCH AND ON ONE SIDE. PULL TO BRING
;;$I$$ TO BE Q
CObjlACl SURFACES OF LATCH
AND STRIKER INTO ALIGNMENT

DOOR LATCH

ASSV

0 *
PULL

FIG. 2 DOOR LATCH-TESTEQUIPMENTUNDER STATIC LOAD ( TRANSVERSE

LOAD )

5
IS 14225 : 1995

A-3 INFRTIAL LOAD ANALYSIS load of 30 g in any direction Figure 3 illustrates

( MATHEMATICAL ) the components and combinations of compo-
nents to be considered for purposes of
A-3.1 Purpose calculations.

To determine the ability of the vehicle latch Given:

system to resist inertia loading by mzans of a A door latch system subjected to a decele-
mathematical analysis of the component parts ration of 30 g
in actual mounting on a car.
NOTE - Due to the complexity
for iriertial characteristics
of physical testing
it is more practical and
F=Ma= +a=.--_
W
g
30 g = 30 w
more accurate to base evaluations on mathematical
analysis. The procedure described in this section F, = WI x 30-Average load on knob spring =
provides a means for analytically determining the ( 0’0 16 kg x 30 ) - 0.454 kg + 0.036 kg
ability of a door latch system to withstand inertia
loading. Spring forces are the average of the F, = W, x 30 = 0.023 kg x 30 = 0.68 kg
minimum spring output in tb- installed position and
the minimum spring output in the release position. 0,012 kg
Frictioo effects and work to be done are not consi- Fs= + x 30 = x 30
dered in the calculations. Gravitational pull on
2
components may also be omitted if it tends to restrict = 0.184 kg
unlatching. These omissions from the calculations
are permissible because they provide additional C Mo = F,xd,+F, x d,-F,xd, = 0.036 kg x
factors of safety. 31.5 mm + 0.68 kg x 10.67 mm-O.184 kg x
4.83 mm = 7.51 mm kg
A-3.2 Calculations
MO
For each component or subassembly, its mini- F5 = d-=-&
-~- = 0.238 kg
mum inertia load resistance in a particular 4
direction may be calculated. Their combined F6 = W,, x 30 = 0.042 x 30 = 1.265 kg
resistance, to the unlatching opxation, shall
assure that the door latch system ( when x MP = Load on bolt spring - ( F5 d5 + Fe da )
properly assembled in the vehicle door ) shall 45.62 mm kg - ( O-238 x 37.59 + 1.265 x 1.9 )
remain latched when subjected to an inertia = 45.62 mmkg - 11.36 mmkg = 34.26 mmkg

DECELERATION 30 g

= CENTRE OF GRAVITY OF COMPONENT

Wl = 0.016 kg d, = 31.50 mm
w2 = 0.023 kg d2 = IO.67 mm

w3 = 0.012 kg d3 = 4.83 mm

w4 = 0.042 kg d4 = 1.90 mm
d5? 37.60 mm

FIG. 3 RESISTANCETO THE EFFECTSOF INERTIAEXAMPLEOF CALCULATION

6
 IS 14225 : 1995

ANNEX B
( Clauses 4.1.2 and 4.2.2 )
TEST REQUIREMENTS FOR DOOR HINGE SYSTEM
B-l REQUIREMENTS equidistant between the linear centre of
the engaged portions of the hinge pins
B-l.1 Longitudinal Load and through the centreline of the hinge
A vehicle passenger door hinge system, when pin in the longitudinal as well as trans-
tested as piescribed under test procedure in verse vehicle direction.
B-2.1, must be capable of withstanding an
ultimate longitudinal load of 1 135 kgf. b) Apply the test load at a rate not excee-
ding 5 mm per minute until failure
B-l.2 Transverse Load occurred. Separation of either hinge is
deemed a failure. Record maximum load.
A vehicle passenger door hinge system, when
tested in accordance with the test procedure B-3 SINGLE HINGE EVALUATION
in B-2.1, must be capable of withstanding an
ultimate transverse load of 910 kgf. B-3.1 Purpose
B-2 STATIC TESTS In some circumstances, it may be necessary to
conduct evaluations of individual hinge in a
B-2.1 Longitudinal and Transverse Load
hinge system. In such cases, the results for an
B-2.1.1 Purpose individual hinge, when tested in accordance
with the prccedures in B-3.2 for longitudinal
To determine the ability of the vehicle hinge and transverse shall be such as to indicate that
system to withstand a test load in the longitu- system requirements in B-l.1 and B-I.2 are met.
dinal as well as transverse vehicle direction.
B-3.2 Test Procedures
B-2.1.2 Equipment
B-3.2.1 Longitudinal and Transverse Load
a) Tensile testing machine
Attach a test fixture to the mounting provision
b) A typical test fixture as illustrated in of the hinge. Hinge attitude shall simulate the
Fig. 4. vehicle position ( door fully closed ) relative to
B-2.1.3 Operation the hinge centreline. For test purposes, the
load is to be applied equidistant between the
a) Attach a test fixture to the mounting linear centre of the engaged portions of the
provision of the hinge system. Hinge hinge pin and through the centreline of
attitude shall simulate vehicle position the hinge pin in the longitudinal as well as
( door fully closed ) relative to the hinge transverse vehicle direction.
centreline. For test purposes, the distance
between the extreme end of one hinge in B-3.2.1.1 Apply the test load at a rate not
the system to the extreme end of another exceeding 5 mm per minute until failure
hinge in the system is to be set at occurred. Separation of either hinge constitute
406 mm. The load is to be applied a failure. Record maximum load.
IS 14225: 1995

i
Q
PULL

TRANSVERSE LOAD TRANSVERSE LOAD

f
i
LONGITUDINAL LOAD ? LONGITUDINAL L04D 1

UPPER HINGE LOWER HINGE

ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY

FIG. 4 DOOR HINGE SYSTEMSTATICLOAD FIXTURE ( TRANSVERSELOAD )

8
 IS 14225 : 1995

ANNEX C
( Foreword )
COMMITTEE COMPOSITION

Automotive Body and Chassis Sectional Committee, TED 6

Chairman Representing

BRIG S. R. PURANIK Automotive Research Association of India, Pune

Members
SHRI P. N . RANGAN ( Alternate to
Brig S. R. Puranik )
SHRI ALIREZA M. ALLADIN Press Metal Corporation Ltd, Bombay
SHRI N. S. BABU Tata Engineering and Lxomotive CO Ltd, Pune
SHRI D. P. ROY ( Alternate )
SHRI M. BALAKRISHANAN Thiruvalluvar Transport Corporation, Madras
SHRI S. K. CHAKRABORTY Controllerate of Inspection ( Vehicles ), Ahmednagar

SHRI RAMESH DHAR D. C. M. Toyota Ltd, New Delhi

DIRECTOR MOTWE POWER Research Designs and Standards Organisation, Lucknow

SHRI S. C. GUPTA Hindustan Motors Ltd, Hindmotor

SHRI U. K. KINI ( Alternate )
SHRI R. K. JAIN Vehicle Factory, Jabalpur
SHRI B. L. PATHARIYA ( Alternate )
SHRI R. N. KANITKAR Bajaj Tempo Ltd, Pune
SHRI J. R. BILGI ( Alternate )
SHRI S. S. KAPASHI Rubby Coach Builders Pvt Ltd, Bombay
SHRI S. S. KHADRI Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation, Hyderabad
SHRI M. KRISHNA REDDY ( AltPrnute )

DR K. KUMAR Maruti Udyog Ltd, Gurgaon

SHRI SUNIL MALHOTRA ( Alternate )
COL TEJ PAUL Vehicle Research and Development Establishment, Ahmednagar
SHRI J. S. MALHOTRA ( Alternate )
SHRI C. RANGASWAMY Cheran Engineering Corporation Ltd, Coimbatore
SHRI K. JAGENNATHAN( Akernate )
SHRI S. N. SRINIVASSAN Premier Automobiles Ltd, Bombay
SHRI M. SUBRAMANIAM Ashok Leyland Ltd, Madras
SHR~ L. SRINIVASAMADHAVAN ( dlternate )
SHRI B. V. S~RESH Hyderabad Allwyn Ltd, Hyderabad
SHRI S. MADHAVA RAO ( AItertmte )

SHRI S. R. TAPADE Central Institute of Road Transport, Pune

SHRI S. KUMAR ( Alternate )
SHR I N. S. JUDGE Director General. BlS ( Ex-officio Member )
Director (TED )

Member-Secretary
SHR~ T. M. MAJUMD~R
( Transport Engineering ), BIS
Bureau of Indian Standards
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promote harmoious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality
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( Publications ), BIS.
,
Revision of Indian Standards
Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards
are also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review
indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken
up for revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the
latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of ‘BIS Handbook’ and Standards
Monthly Addition’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Dot : No. TED 6 ( 116 ).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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