INSTITUT SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI TD.

PARDEDE
T
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G
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BAHASA INGGRIS
PRESENT TENSE

KELOMPOK 2:
SANTONUS LAIA
HOT MANGATUR MANULLANG
BRANDO NAMORA WIJAYA SIRAIT
DESI UTAMI TAMBUNAN
INTAN AULIA
AMELIA LUMBANTORUAN
HESRON HALAWA
AGUS PRIADI NAPITUPULU
MUHAMMAD IHSAN

There are 4 types of Present Tense namely Simple present tense, Present Continuous
Tense, Present Perfect Tense, Present Perfect Continuous Tense. Here's the
explanation.
Simple Present Tense
The simple present, present simple or present indefinite is one of the verb forms
associated with the present tense in modern English. It is commonly referred to as a
tense, although it also encodes certain information about aspect in addition to present
time.

 S : Subject  (subjek)
 P : Predicate  (predikat)
 C : Complement  (pelengkap)

 Simple Present Tense Formula

+ Verbal S + Verb-1/ Verb-1 + es

Nominal S + is/am/are + nominal

- Verbal S + do/does + not + Infinitive

Nominal S + is/am/are + not + nominal

? Verbal Do/does + S + Infinitiv

Nominal I/am/are + S + nominal

EXAMPLE:
 (+) They want to go to the party. (Mereka ingin pergi ke pesta.)
 (-) They don't want to go to the party. (Mereka tidak ingin pergi ke pesta.)
 (?) Do they want to go to the party? (Apakah mereka ingin pergi ke pesta?)
PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE
Present continuous tense is a form of tense that is used to express that an action is
taking place for a certain time at the present time (present). This form indicates that the
action occurs before (starts before), during (goes at the moment), and continues after
(continues after) some other time or action.

PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE VERBAL

(+) I + am + V-ing
You/we/they + are + V-ing
She/he/it + is + V-ing I am sleeping
You/we/they are sleeping
She/he/it is sleeping
(-) I + am + not + V-ing
You/we/they + are + not + V-ing
She/he/it + is + not + V-ing I am not sleeping
You/we/they are not sleeping
She/he/it is not sleeping
(?) Am + I + V-ing?
Are + you/we/they + V-ing?
Is + she/he/it + V-ing?
– Yes, she/he/it + is
– No, she/he/it + is + not Am I thinking?
Are you/we/they sleeping?
Is she/he/it sleeping?
– Yes, she/he/it is
– No, she/he/it isn’t

PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE NOMINAL

(+) I + am + Complement
You/we/they + are + Complement
She/he/it + is Complement I am happy
You/we/they are happy
She/he/it is happy
(-) I + am + not + Complement
You/we/they + are + not +
She/he/it + is + not + Complement I am not happy
You/we/they are not happy
She/he/it is not happy
(?) Am + I + Complement
Are + you/we/they + Complement
Is + she/he/it + Complement
– Yes, she/he/it + is
– No, she/he/it + is + not Am I happy?
Are you/we/they happy?
Is she/he/it happy?
– Yes, she/he/it is
– No, she/he/it isn’t

Perfect Present Continuos Tense

Present perfect continuous tense is a form of verb or tenses to express an action that
has been completed at a point in the past, or an action that has started in the past, but
the action is still happening/continuing up to the present.

(+) positive / positif S + have / has + been + - ing / present participle + complement
(-) negative / negative S + have / has + not + been + - ing / present participle +
complement
(?) interrogative / Tanya have / has + been + - ing / present participle + complement?

Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Continuous Tense  Positif

 Luna has been reading the novel.  (Luna telah membaca novel.)
 Rara has been making cookies.  (Rara sudah dan sedang membuat kukis.)

Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Continuous Tense  Negatif

Untuk pernyataan yang bersifat negatif, contoh kalimatnya adalah:
 They have not been helping your sister.  (Mereka tidak sedang membantu adikmu.)
 Julia has not been making cookies.  (Julia tidak sedang membuat kukis.)

Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Continuous Tense  Interrogative

Contoh dari kalimat tanya:
 Has Tiara been eating?  (Apakah Tiara telah makan?)
 Has your sister been driving?  (Apakah kakakmu telah menyetir?)
Present perfect tense is a sentence pattern with a change in the form of the verb used
to express / express an action / past event that is still continuing until now.

So, the event has just happened, but the results or consequences of the event can still
be seen and can still be felt when the conversation takes place.

In addition, these tenses are usually used to show events or discuss

experiences/changes related to a place.

Nominal Sentences  (kalimat nominal) Present Perfect Tense

(+) You have been a creative writer since 2018.  (Kamu telah menjadi seorang penulis
kreatif sejak tahun 2018.)
(-) We have not been hungry.  (Kita belum merasa lapar.)
(?) Has she been very busy this week?  (Apakah dia sangat sibuk pekan ini?)

Verbal Sentences  (kalimat verbal) Present Perfect Tense

Contoh kalimat:
 Positif:
I have eaten three a day . (Saya sudah makan tiga kali sehari.)
 Negatif:
They have not paid their orders . (Mereka belum membayar pesanan-pesanan
mereka.)
 Interogatif:
Have they surprised Cintia ? (Apakah mereka sudah memberi kejutan pada Cintia?)