1.

The Self as Impacted by the Body directly concerned with

1. PHYSICAL SELF
- Includes physical development,
attractiveness and characteristics which
are the defining features about a person's
body physique, face, hair, nose or the
color of the skin which are indicators of
fertility and health.
- The concrete or tangible aspect or
dimension of the person which is
primarily observed and examined
through the body.
William James
b. Secondary Sex Characteristic
- a renowned psychologist and pioneer of
American Psychology states that the body is
the initial source of sensation and necessary for
the origin and maintenance of personality.
Eric Erickson
reproduction.
Girls: Ovaries, fallopian tubes,
clitoris, uterus, and vagina.
Boys: Testes, penis, scrotum, seminal
vesicles, prostate gland.
- Nocturnal emission for boys and
menarche, first menstrual cycle for
girls are indicators of readiness for
reproduction.
-refer to visible changes and features
that appear during puberty which are
not directly part of the reproductive
system.

- claims that the experience is anchored in Male – voice becomes much lower
ground-plan of the body. This is supported by (breaks), Hair start to grow on chest,
Sigmund Freud who states that the physical face, under arms and in pubic area,
body is the core of human experience.
body becomes more muscular, Penis
Furthermore, Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1945)
placed the body at the center of human becomes larger and Testes start to
existence, as a way of experiencing the world. produce sperm.
- Female – breasts grow, nipples
2. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT enlarge, hair develops under arms
and in pubic area, hip become wider,
- The age of puberty is the stage of
uterus and vagina become larger,
physical transformation from childhood
ovaries start to release eggs and
to adulthood.
period begin(menstruation)
- This signifies the beginning of the
biological and physical “growth spurt”
and development characterized by the 3. PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS
changes in weight and body
- is the degree to which a person's
composition during adolescence.
physical features are considered
- Females gain weight between 7-25 kilos
pleasing or beautiful which implies
during puberty and slows down at the of
sexual attractiveness or desirability.
the first menstrual period and continue
until late adolescence. - Proximity, similarity, and reciprocity
- Male teens gain 7-30 kilos during are some of the factors that affect
puberty .
physical attractiveness. This includes
- As much as 25% of the final height is
universal perceptions across cultures
gained during puberty.
along with the individual’s view of
Two important factors that affect our
himself.
physical development are:
a. Primary Sex Characteristics a. Proximity
-which are already present at birth
- increases the attractiveness of a
refers to changes of the sexual
person as a result of the continues
organs that are
 exposure that happens.
- A theory called the mere exposure
effect states that people tend to
become attracted to a novel stimuli
if it was repeated over and over
again.
b. Similarity-Attraction Effect
- The similarity-attraction
refers to the widespread tendency of
people to be attracted to others who
are similar to themselves
important aspects.
- Attraction means not strictly
physical attraction but, rather, liking
for or wanting to be around the
person.
c. Reciprocal Attraction
- is the act of a person feeling an
attraction to someone only upon
learning or becoming aware of that
person's attraction to themselves.
FEATURES MOST ATTRACTIVE TO OTHERS
ACROSS CULTURE
1. Symmetry: Across culture, men tend to be
more attracted to women who exhibit features
such as symmetrical face and has youthful
appearance.
2. Waist to hip ratio: Men become more attracted
to women with low waist to hip body ratio.
3. Weight: Both male and female are attracted to
an individual with normal weight and found
them more healthy and more attractive and
looks better he is as compared with unhealthy
person.
4. Height: Majority of women prefer men who are
taller than them. On the average, men tend to be
attracted to women who are shorter than they
are.
5. Facial Features: Men prefer women with
feminine facial features while women are more
attracted to men with more masculine features
and display a high degree of facial symmetry.
6. Body Build: Women on the average tend to
be attracted to men with broad shoulder,
narrow waist and a Vshaped torso.
7. Body Scent: Both male and female are attracted
to the natural scent of facially attractive
individuals.
8. Feet size: Most men prefer woman with small
feet.
9. Hair: Most men are more attracted to long-
haired woman.
10.Movement patterns: Women are more
attractive when they walked with hip swaying;
men are more attractive when they moved with
considerable agility
What Makes a Woman Physically Attractive
1. Stay in Shape
effect
a. Get exercise - Scientific studies have
shown that one of the strongest traits of
physical attractiveness is a healthy BMI
in
(Body Mass Index). BMI is the amount of
fat in the body in relation to height and
weight which can be maintained by regular
exercise.
b. Eat healthy – Being healthy requires more
than just exercise. A well balanced is
crucial part of being healthy. Eating
healthy means eating foods high in
carotenoids, which are natural chemical
compounds that gives yellow, orange, or
red fat soluble pigments to plant parts.
Avoiding processed food will son help in
keeping a person fit and helps in general
well-being. Drinking a lot of water do great
things for skin.
2. Maintain good hygiene
- To be physically attractive, you should
make daily effort to keep your hygiene in
good health. Smell good.
3. Get enough sleep
- getting at least six to eight hours of sleep
every night will bring a variety of benefits
to your life, many of which result in your
attractiveness. Getting enough sleep
decreases obesity, illness, less stress, and
better mood regulation.
4. Smile
- It takes few muscle to smile than to frown.
A woman who keep smiling is more
approachable, likeable and physically
attractive.
5. Develop the right attitude
- Be happy. Exercise positivity. You are
more attractive if you see yourself in the
bright side
6. Cultivate a sense of humor
- A sense of humor makes you attractive for
 more than the reason. Laughter is said to body, which is a very important aspect of
be the best medicine. Laughter releases a
identity.
chemical called Serotonin, which is the
cause of our good moods. - These feelings can be positive, negative or both
Keeping Men Physically Attractive and are influenced by individual and
environmental factors.
1.Get enough sleep to keep your face attractive –
Along with the concept of body image is the
Adults between the ages of 18-64 require eight to concept of beauty.
ten hours of sleep. Lack of sleep can cause more
Beauty is of two types:
wrinkles. If your sleep is interrupted by a medical a. inner beauty- which refers to the inner
condition like sleep apnea or you have insomnia, qualities of the person.
b. external beauty– which refers to the
talk to your doctor about treatments that can help physical characteristics of the person.
you get a good night’s rest.
2. The Concept of Self –esteem
2.Maintain a clean haircut – Consider getting a new
haircut that can best complement your facial Self-esteem
features. - is used to describe a person’s overall sense of
3.Dress appropriately to feel confident – Keep your self-worth or personal value.
clothes neat and clean. Do not overdress, wear - it is how you appreciate and like yourself.
clothes that will make you feel good and - often seen as a personality trait which tends to
comfortable. be stable and enduring.
4.Be yourself – Being yourself also plays a key role - can involve a variety of beliefs about yourself,
in how other people perceive you
such as the appraisal of your own appearance,
5.Maintain good posture. Keep good posture by
beliefs, emotions, and behaviors.
being how you sit or stand. Bad posture shows a
lack of confidence and makes you less attractive Developing Self-esteem

to others. a. understanding that healthy, attractive bodies come

6. Maintain good hygiene. Personal hygiene is
necessary to make you physically attractive. If you
smell good, you feel good which increases your
self- confidence.
in many shapes and sizes;
b. physical appearance says very little about our
character or value as a person;
c. how we get to this point of acceptance
often depends on our individual development
and sel-acceptance.

2. Body Image and Self –Esteem: The Importance of

Beauty

1. Body Image

- It refers to the person’s perception of the level

of attractive of his/her body or it can be
somebody’s own impression of how his or her
body looks. It may also be our sense of how
other people view our bodies.
- In that sense, body image can be seen as both
internal (personal) and external (social).
- One’s perception of his or her body elicits
either pleasing /satisfying or
unpleasing/unsatisfying feelings.
- Body image lies at the heart of adolescence and
it is the mental representation of one’s own
TIPS FOR IMPROVING BODY IMAGE

1. Recognize that your body is your own, no matter what

shape or size it comes.
2. Identify which aspects of your appearance you can
realistically change and which you can't.
3. If there are things about yourself that you want to
change and can, do this by making goals for
yourself.
4. When you hear negative comments coming from
within, tell yourself to stop.
5. Try building your self - esteem by giving yourself
three compliments every day.
6. Stop comparing ourselves with others and remember
that each one is unique;
7. Need to appreciate and enjoy our bodies in the
uniqueness of what we have;
8. Spend time with people who have a healthy
relationship with food, activity, and their bodies.
9. Approach health and well-being from a firm and
socially engaging perspective and put importance on
a healthy lifestyle and;
10.Keep in mind that the body, in whatever shape or
size, is good and sacred, having been created in the
image and likeness of God. Such body deserves
love and respect.
 II. REFERENCES

Books

Alata,
E.J.P.,Caslib,N.,Serafi
ca,J.P.J.,Pawilen,R.A.,
(2018).Understanding
the self. Rex
Bookstore, Inc.
Manila, Philippines.
Villafuerte,S.L.,Quellope
,A.F.,Tunac,R.C.,Borja,E
.I.,(2018). Understanding
the self. Nieme
Publishing House Co.
LTD. Manila,
Philippines.
Tomas,R.D.,Sanchez,M.T
.Paragas,E.T,(2018).
Understanding the self.
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