859365A

Queswon 6

Re ber Broun
made he inial discovecy o
heemal noiseareund he aea 1Pa8. He +he
minute movements o duser parteles and ollen
in watec, Howeve , i _cwasn' onA Einsteln fhat
he rue nature o rownan moHon was
realised He explaines ha i emees rom
he Hueuaons in ate aimpaan o
indiviolual_cwater molecules a
ena
gait
ain, He
He
showed h a t h e oean- sauace esplacement ota
parice is

Xmer kgT_

is he oluraton a obsecvaton a is he
where
Coltus o spheteal and n ishe viscosid
ot he urdA

The Orssipadton Theorem sàates

Flveduaon
hat poer spe
he m Fe (E) o minimal
flvevang- tocce onOa sstem iven b

hece 2E) i called he impedence and R2)

Indieatestha rea e dissipative pard o
ha_mpeden ce.
 a513659 A

The hes rem alse 3ates ha

mechanical los due o Prtedtonal dssipaBina
e eos is a dires resulto he
Brownian Aucuaton s o4 ha malecles
in he mateto We cn See h nhe
e pce33on
drs p\ o cement
8peca densi o
Auctuatons mechani cal
SSem:
SxCw) 4 KeT d(u)

here
)epresenn meaenical loA.

The Curren eneratHon

inr er Serom e
qraitaienal cwave derecors (iGaWD ) uuSe
Se
t

fused sikca tes mases and

room em perature Coolina operare a
he
ye e c em +etmassas
asses

la loss C prutresrewlb in
aToUnd he oroer
o o-3
ye
ve ow empratures.
The incre>e in hermal notse
he vch rem
noise reducHon rom
htgher han herma
fuse 3iltcea no t
mperature. Hence
Sor croq en
peratons
 a593659A

i) A Simia problen CAn be obseved in Ahe.

mirYo CeaHoq3 ulhere loS peak3 cam
be observe d low +emprarure in he
wtdelg Used 3ltca/tan tala coaHngs
The vibraHoa oSur&ace Can resul

im aoTSe indvcing phase ghik on the lignt

Cwihmn e interkomec