NOTES Name . . M t . . a . .

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ELECTROnAGNETIÇ wWAVES Subject. . . Chapter .. *

TGES Date . . Page No. .

HuzaEn's kTNcTeL£

*Electromaqnetic Waves
A Gelsustainina dichurbance
conshnq af a hmer varyin
eleckit held and magnekic held such Mat bne ime-Varyn
9ives
V
cise o e othet

Onentatien: B, End are mutually perperdicular

Phase Diftecene-F Dscilate wlth same requenty

and no phase difference

E Em sin wt- Rx)

B Bm Sin lut- Kx)
Un

Relaien betoeen En and

En c&

Yelaciky
C Vaccn.

V
=
I n a medivm
E

Relrmcive Tndex
For dieleceris. ue
Teachers
Sign
 *Properhies ot Electromaqnetic Waves
Follow lauos oE reMedion and refrution
Not detlechedby eleckri 2manehi
Do not ruire mecium
Transverse in Nuture
Travel Oi h speed of ht in vacum 3x1o')n/)
Tramferonergy on one plate Fo another

kElockromagnehi Speckrum
Atrangement ofeleckromaynekit waves in aScending ldeuending siy orden
of heir
frequenties /pavelenghs
Raui akiorn Wayeleaghlm)Erequenas(a| Sourme Use

am mu Rays x1o_ Ixio°5 xl to 3x1o Radioueive nucle Nuclear erery

Nuclear reactms Deslroy aner ce

X-Raus 10 3x10 o lo Auelarahing_eleckrors Hedlita inktrumenk p

|Bombarding on hih ntemal bedy ekemenk
2 ange Cancur treatmert

DlHaviclet Bxlo o 1e101ob Sx1o Extilatton et ahomsShucly t gaoxies

Sun /Very hot beokes Water puri icahen

| Visible Exilaion of akom Vison

fheography( Iluminahi6

x 1 o t 0 3 1x10b r lo" Hot Bodies Thecnal imaping Ophial Fl

Tnkrored
Kemoke Conkrol

icrownes 05ti lating curent Aadar Datu trwsfer

3x lo
Hioouoares oren
Teachers
Sign

Radao o Br0' to 3rto" pdllatiult uituits Conimunakien; Broedart

TraAtuklen
 Jdlt d9t NO.
****** ...

*Huygens lrinciple
Wavekront: Lotus of all poinks Vvipratinqin he5ame hase

Saurc

Poi Sphere

Line ylindrita

5 At ininte flanar
CParollel ray
A

3 steps:
Huygenslrincipk involres

Every paink ona given waveont Tnikial uavkreat

con beregardeckasa sourte of
tallec waveletss
seccndary waves

wavede lr apread in al
The secondary
direcHonswi He velocily ot light

The new waveron at any time is CAys

Hhen he envelope Bf He Davelebs
seconday New uoaveksat
in he erwerd. direcisn wwelet

Muyqen Codd xplain laws of reHestion and refrackion

Law of Refechion by Huyqen Priniple
Consider Plecking surface AB and awwvehrent Ac incidet on t .

After ime tt DB is he reHecke d wwetron and ray-2 jntidest

on AB. According to uers Princigle , eack opelet on wavdkent ae mut radiute
in all dire sHens wih velobily 4
At t02
he welut enmiHed by A
mus hare a radius,
A0 c

The cdislance avelled Dy ray-2

Considerin ABC and BAD, A

LAc /8DA o
C AD » et
Side A0 is tommon
DABC and BAD are COnqruen

8AC ZAB

. Li> Henceproved.
 Name........
TGES Subject.. .... Chapter....
Date. .
Page No. . .

* |Lawof Refraction by Huygerns Frincipe

Considera cefracking &urface AC
on whidh_ 2_rays are intiden
A i He incident wavefront and DC ishe refrackek warchetE
Fermea at tAttording foHugen Printige , eath wavelet en
wavekon AB must radiate in all direcians wh vleciky c

n time t. ater reralion

ray-
travels dis kare,
AD: vtt

kime tdistance braveled by ay 2,

I n AAet
sin i AG

Sin r : AC

sin i c A =

sin r AC

sin i Law t rekachon

sin
 SudjecCl...... napler........
TGES Date. Page No.

Reracive Inder

if n > V V Rarer o Denser

if n <| Denser rurer

sini V a V2 Sin i VSin

c i f i > r V< V> rare o deter
sin iF ir v.4 derer b rarer

A Pselube R.I. wnt. aic/vatcum

V V V

Snel's Law

Chanqein Waelergh_m Refracbion

Snals lauw: sin i sin r

in
0phical Path: Pa ollouwed y light ray

ct >
cd dn nd
V

And.

raarhers