Data

STRUCTURE OF Atom Volorne 1]

Masgnetie fore are a charged partiele coe to pplied magnelic

field
Fm)
to the movement
The force appled in disedinn gerpendiculan
o chargec partieleundero cireuar adian..
When Postential ditferoce of y volt chargçd
particle then kintic energy appled bg the chage
qinn by

K.E

the ekror
ran Yalt Tt is kinetic enerqy aguined by
rest an accelratingP one volt
intialsal
kE exy
J.6XIo-" valt

50 vott plicd
For Exewglel The K.E
K.E
luhen
= 5o xv
the
k.E So ev
 Date
Page

STRUCTURE OF ATOM [Volwne 2

Re preseatatian of Elements in E
o
Represertathon L3t
1electron3Prstan
P.E

K3e

Specifis Charge
Spec ifie charge [Eestee Charqe1

partide mmass

Imp
eleton éproton k poetide
CHet)

Extra'
 LuaveCosic
Istspes Electro
agneie
hWave
lEregy! E
Atoms
STructere
having
hxc
Lplconsankshst Samme
0f
Of
Ato
VIBAYOR1660A visitle Atomic wn
X0-34
6.61
[waelengta
Ivoume
Nunnden
Ir
C.I0-25
62x3x
2
micro

Data
classMate.
wave

Tadi
low
 Strucure Of Atorm
Phato Electric etfeá.
(O

phsto electrom
H
phtacotceot
Phstoeleac Efect
When a cean malic Surface is imadiated by mano chsmatc
ligbt of Suitoble uaekngth then phstans ae yidded frnm meal

Area x Time

xxh
A xT

Photo flus Lphsto intensity

Atea xTime
 elhssmate
Data
Pagz

Strucure ot Atonn [volorne 6]

Taeshald frauany Phótsaldric efect is ohsered anly wwhen

frea uency of inadenl lighd has a Certain mini mum Volve
When Intensily o light toys incebed the no. phsts
inease eleákons
hnearlytowerenk.E gtaus the 5ame.
9 when fraquencgisincreased the Kindie Energy k.c] ineincresseS
inearly but nad phstoclectrons, emain unchanged
Nummber ot electrors ejectel need not be Sone as
phsto electrons naof

Einglien s Phstoeletric Eavton

woe funetian Kincie entgy

Wark Funina The

minimum energy requited To remave
an electron ithau
thau any Kintic Energy
K.EhË -w
[kreg h w

w=hc

K-Emot h hfo
 clhccmste.
Date
Page

Shruture 04 Aton Lvolume 6]

taping atedial. Deacelrding pdertiad dtferene
to be Sa phstodettrons
with mac K.E
also Stopped to each Teciver plde that is to are
Stop the
phemme nem ot phsto dectie etfect.

= KE = hy w

Phoekirie heaphs

KE

pheo
eles rons

zpholo intern[ty
 clacsmate
Date
Page

Strute of Atom LVolurne 7]

Ruthertord s made
Gold Foil Experimen
Ohservatin:
Most Ke partde dd nt deflst
out ot 2000 a poticle réturnad back

particle
Helmnuceus
2units

Canclusinsi
0 Mast ot Space in
I n a n atom is

(O There is snall dence t ve chavygd þoay prert in cete

Eltn ae yodlving aroond ucks Later caermed noreat

 Dala
Prg:

Strucure of Atom Ivolurne 8]

Bahr s dtomic model

0 Bohr s tem model praposed eletrons TeJs lve around themcles

fxed palh Cineuloc) called orbts

Each Orbit asGoCiated wth certoin enerqy. These orbits are also
Called ererg levels els.

As lang as eleirons in a E elediran in a ireular pdb

the energy termaine Constat.

infinite ns o orbits presest argund the nockss

Exciatiha
(6Exitation An eletron aoming frbr high to engy lel

Eycitatitn

For an electron to pramde

 Atomic Structue Ivolume 9]

Arngular Momertum of an electron is itegral mutiple

of h Lh plonks constat

Angulbr Momentsm = nh
21

mass
n h. plank's Constort
ofe
wlocity
Iiegen
h= 6.62 Xlo-34 J.s

Raidiss ot Aectrn present th orbtt

centigugal frce m

Electre
-static Ek.Z e . e
force

w here:

E (entigud gorce 2

Kzel
Kze
Kzez

mYr nh
2¢
nh
2T mr
 Dale
Page

Atomie Structure [voume io]

Velcity of am clectro
mYr n h
2T

rnh,
2Tmy

Electro static force = ke

my

Ke'z

nh Kez
2

nh

2.18 XI0° xz mls

* yolune od nucles is appro

the tom
 Datz
Pag:
ATo MIC STRUCTURE Lvolome
Tetal energy d decron
E
h
Gtrfoy K.E + PE

2
Lm (-ke

EKze -Kz 2

En 2

KzexhTKez

-27Km
-(*)
2

PE 2E 2K
 Atemie Strucure Lvesme 2

Spedirum
Ahtorslian Spealtsa
when incidet white Iight Call ind trike omi Hydroger
whih causes exciate electron to be foased which causes
dork inti to be teansmitted on
brigh background.
Lmmiis Speci when the iahl emoited be d a souree
is dispersed and recived on pha ardhe plate the wnweleath
ptiera is called Einsion Spe~tnam

Bracket
Paschen Series
Balnar Series
leyman Series Series

Nste:
Lagman's obwer
rergy level
Last line is als alledSeris hmit

Calmer
 Atomic trocre [ volume 12]
Teonsiton from Louwer Enet qy Levd 1o
to Kigher

C) wave number I3.622

hc 2

bc

n n,.

I3.6 l6Q73731.6m0

Na. of Spetral lines 2

Minimumm No. of Speitrallncs

Morimurn No.
 Atonie Steucare Evalone 14]
Hypaeis
De - Ceogle s idea uwhieh he later propased suggesed tha
the poticle as wel as bove nature ot mong
parthcleRke eP sbm cc. micto8opc

Davidson hemen determined thát wave nuse ct fast mavna

e Similar to X-raus also tbe ware lenah
wae n¥ue e
Sinike and mtching with wavdength ecpretibn qien biy De- Crogle
E ma =he

m he

LFor photon
monentrm

by Aradogy - Brostie prspsed

h
mv

Naveength of electro n 150 A

 Atomic Structute [veohme I5

Hesenberg Uncertainy Ptinaple

Acarding Heigenbera LHdter White ) the path or Traiesory
¢ moring mieroscopie paftee iRe e ann be det defer
mined .LThis led to failore of bohr's model.]
) The Concepi of Orbits was feglaced by Ortbitals

Heiterberg concluded that we can fnd the probabilitiy af firing

e- anound nuceus d a point but Cannat find the erat paatan
isa reqim gound the nucleus where the probabit

here
Unertaiy of velocity
in pasit.on