File 20221126 081133 Sách Task 2 Official

SÁCH ĐƯỢC TỔNG HỢP VÀ BIÊN SOẠN BỞI THẦY LEO ĐẸP TRAI
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Agree or Disagree
Intro: Paraphrase và Nêu Quan Điểm Cá Nhân
Body:
-Body 1: Nêu Ý 1 của quan điểm cá nhân và Làm rõ
-Body 2: Nếu Ý 2 của quan điểm cá nhân và Làm rõ
-Body 3: Nêu phản quan điểm + Làm rõ. Cuối cùng Lật Kèo lại.
Conclusion: Nêu lại quan điểm cá nhân
A. Introduction
It is argued that paraphrase I find myself in complete agreement/
disagreement with this opinion for the following reasons.
Đề : Parents should not allow their children to use mobile phones. Do you agree or
disagree?
Paraphrase:
Từ vựng:
Allow = permit = let
To use = to have = to own
Mobile phones = cell phones = smartphones = electronic devices
Ngữ pháp:
Câu chủ động è câu bị động
Câu gốc: parents should not allow their children to use mobile phones
è Cách 1: parents should not permit their children to own electronic devices like
smartphones.
è Cách 2: Children should not be allowed to own smartphones.
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It is argued that parents should not permit their children to own electronic devices like
smartphones. I find myself in complete agreement with this opinion for the following
reasons.
B. Body 1.
To begin with, the main/primary reason why I believe that quan điểm cá
nhân is that Ý Số 1. More specifically, Làm rõ (For instance,…………..
Therefore.....)
Quan điểm cá nhân: parents should not let their children use cell phones
Ý Số 1: using smartphones regularly can exert a negative impact on their eyes.
Làm rõ: their eyesight can be weakened, and they possibly suffer from some eye-related
problems like nearsightedness.
Ex: To begin with, the primary reason why I believe that parents should not let their
children use cell phones is that using smartphones regularly can exert a negative impact
on their eyes. More specifically, their eyesight can be weakened, and they possibly suffer
from some eye-related problems like nearsightedness.
C. Body 2.
Furthermore, I believe that Ý Số 2 Indeed, Làm rõ.
Ý Số 2: Children could see inappropriate content on the internet.
Làm rõ: These days, questionable content like nudity or violence has become omnipresent
on many websites, and it is possible that children could be affected by such content. For
example, displays of violence could instigate agressive behaviors, while nudity could incite
premature interest in the opposite sex.
Ex: Furthermore, I believe that Children could see inappropriate content on the internet.
Indeed, these days, questionable content like nudity or violence has become omnipresent
example, displays of violence could instigate agressive behaviors, while nudity could incite
premature interest in the opposite sex.
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D. Body 3
That is not to say that phản quan điểm. Làm rõ. However, Lật kèo
Phản quan điểm: The use of electronic devices like cell phones does not benefit children.
Làm rõ: They could make use of smartphones as an effective stress reliever. It is true that
when children are under immense pressure of hectic study schedules, they could take
advantage of electronic devices to have access to many sources of entertainment on the
internet like Youtube for Kids for the purpose of unwinding.
Lật kèo: This benefit is outweighed by the aforementioned drawbacks.
Ex: That is not to say that the use of electronic devices like cell phones does not benefit
children. It is true that when children are under immense pressure of hectic study schedules,
they could take advantage of electronic devices to have access to many sources of
entertainment on the internet like Youtube for Kids for the purpose of unwinding.
However, this benefit is outweighed by the aforementioned drawbacks.
E. Conclusion
In conclusion, I would concur with those who believe that Lặp lại quan
điểm cá nhân.
Lặp lại quan điểm cá nhân: the use of cell phones should be discouraged among children.
Ex: In conclusion, I would concur with those who believe that the use of cell phones
should be discouraged among children.
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Đề : Parents should not allow their children to use mobile phones. Do you agree or
disagree?
It is argued that parents should not permit their children to own electronic devices like
smartphones. I find myself in complete agreement with this opinion for the following
reasons.
To begin with, the primary reason why I believe that parents should not let their
children use cell phones is that using smartphones regularly can exert a negative impact
on their eyes. More specifically, their eyesight can be weakened, and they possibly suffer
from some eye-related problems like nearsightedness.
Furthermore, I believe that children could see inappropriate content on the internet.
Indeed, these days, questionable content like nudity or violence has become omnipresent
example, displays of violence could instigate agressive behaviors, while nudity could
incite premature interest in the opposite sex.
That is not to say that the use of electronic devices like cell phones does not benefit
children. It is true that when children are under immense pressure of hectic study
schedules, they could take advantage of electronic devices to have access to many
sources of entertainment on the internet like Youtube for Kids for the purpose of
unwinding. However, this benefit is outweighed by the aforementioned drawbacks.
In conclusion, I would concur with those who believe that the use of cell phones
should be discouraged among children.
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Discuss both views and give opinion

Đề: Some people believe that children should be allowed to use mobile phones. Others
think that the use of these electronic devices should be discouraged among children.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Introduction: paraphrase lại 2 lập trường nhưng CHƯA đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân
Body:
-Body 1: Nêu Lập trường 1
+Ý Số 1 + Làm rõ
-Body 2: Nêu Lập trường 2
+Ý Số 1+ Làm rõ
Conclusion: Đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân
A. Introduction
Many people contend that Paraphrase Lập Trường 1, whereas others refute
this by ascertaining that Paraphrase Lập Trường 2 Both of these points of
view will be analyzed before a conclusion is reached.
B. Body 1.
On the one hand, there are several reasons why it is claimed that Lập Trường
Số 1 One is that Ý Số 1 For instance/ One good illustration of this is/Indeed
Làm rõ Another reason is that Ý Số 2 In this sense, Làm rõ
C. Body 2.
On the other hand, there are good grounds for arguing that Lập Trường Số 2
One of these is that Ý Số 1 More specifically, Làm rõ The second argument is
that Ý Số 2 This makes it clear that Làm rõ
D. Conclusion
In conclusion, although there are some merits on both sides of the issue, my
personal belief is that Đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân
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REASONS AND SOLUTIONS

Đề: More and more children are becoming addicted to smartphones. What are the reasons
and solutions?
A. Introduction:
It is true that Paraphrase Đề. There are a number of reasons behind this
phenomenon/tendency/trend/view and several solutions should be adopted (by
governments and individuals) to improve the situation.
B. Body 1
There are two primary reasons why Paraphrase Đề. One reason is that Lý Do Số 1.
Làm rõ. Furthermore, Lý Do Số 2. Làm Rõ.
C. Body 2
Fortunately, several measures could be taken to prevent this problem. The first
solution would be that Giải Pháp Số 1. Làm rõ. A second measure would be that
Giải Pháp Số 2. Làm rõ.
D. Conclusion
In conclusion, it is clear that there are various reasons why Paraphrase Đề, and
steps need to be taken to tackle this problem.
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PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Đề: More and more children are becoming addicted to smartphones. What are the problems
and solutions?
A. Introduction:
It is true that Paraphrase Đề. Several problems have resulted from this tendency
and they should be tackled by a number of effective solutions from both
governments and individuals.
B. Body 1:
As Paraphrase Đề, several related problems can be anticipated. The main issue is
that Vấn Đề Số 1. Làm rõ. Another problem is that Vấn Đề Số 2. Làm rõ.
C. Body 2:
Since such issues are serious, political leaders and citizens should take steps
immediately to address these problems. The first solution would be that Giải Pháp
Số 1. Làm rõ. A second measure would be that Giải Pháp Số 2. Làm Rõ.
D. Conclusion
In conclusion, there are various negative consequences of Paraphrase Đề, and
appropriate steps need to be taken to tackle these problems, not only by the
authorities but also by individuals.
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DISCUSS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
It is said that Paraphrase Đề While this can bring some main benefits, its drawbacks
should not be overlooked, and both sides will be analyzed in this essay.
On the one hand, there are several advantages of this trend. First and foremost, Mặt Lợi
Số 1. More specifically, Làm rõ. Another upside is that Mặt Lợi Số 2. Indeed, Làm rõ.
On the other hand, this phenomenon could cause some major drawbacks. Firstly, the main
downside of this would be that Mặt Hại Số 1 This means that Làm rõ. Secondly, Mặt Hại
Số 2. In this sense, Làm rõ.
In conclusion, there are some main positive aspects of Paraphrase Đề However, it also
causes some disadvantages which should not be neglected.
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Discuss ADVANTAGES and DISADVANTAGES
and give your opinion
Is it a negative or positive development?
Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
It is argued that Paraphrase Đề. Although this can bring some benefits, I would argue that
its drawbacks are far more notable/greater/more significant.
To begin with, there are several advantages of this trend. First and foremost, Mặt Lợi Số
1. More specifically, Làm rõ. Another upside is that Mặt Lợi Số 2. Indeed, Làm rõ.
On the other hand, I suppose the drawbacks of this phenomenon would eclipse those
analyzed advantages. Firstly, the main downside of this would be that Mặt Hại Số 1. This
means that Làm rõ. Secondly, Mặt Hại Số 2. In this sense, Làm rõ.
In conclusion, it appears to me that the negative aspects of Paraphrase Đề are more notable
than its positive ones.
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Ngữ Pháp Cần Thiết

1. It is tính từ for ai đó to làm gì đó. (Việc gì đó thì …… đối với ai đó)
Ex: Chính phủ nên đầu tư vào giáo dục.
è Việc đầu tư vào giáo dục thì rất cần thiết đối với chính phủ.
è It is important for the government to invest on education.
Ex: Học sinh cần học lịch sử thế giới.
è Việc học lịch sử thế giới thì rất quan trọng với học sinh.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Động từ -ing + động từ. (Việc gì đó ….)
Ex: Chính phủ không nên đầu tư vào nghệ thuật.
èViệc đầu tư vào nghệ thuật thì không cần thiết đối với chính phủ.
èInvesting on arts is unnecessary for the government.
Ex: Học sinh cần học lịch sử thế giới.
è Việc học lịch sử thế giới sẽ có lợi cho học sinh. (benefit)
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Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
3. There are/is danh từ (Có …)
Ex: Có nhiều tác hại của việc hút thuốc.
è There are many harmful effects of smoking.
Ex: Có nhiều lý do tại sao chính phủ không nên chi tiền cho các chương
trình không gian.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Thì hiện tại đơn và bị động.
Chủ động: S + V + O.
Bị động: S + am/is/are + V3/Ved (by…)
Câu chủ động: Các hoạt động của con người gây hại cho môi trường
Câu bị động: Môi trường bị gây hại bởi các hoạt động của con người.
è Câu chủ động: Human activities damage the environment.
è Câu bị động: The environment is damaged by human activities
Ex: Ngày nay, cha mẹ thường cho con cái nhiều tiền tiêu vặt.
è Ngày nay, con cái thường được cho nhiều tiền tiêu vặt bởi cha mẹ
chúng.
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Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Thì quá khứ đơn và bị động
Câu chủ động: S + V2/Ved + O
Câu bị động: S + was/were + V2/Ved (by…)
Câu chủ động: Năm rồi, thiên tai như lũ lụt và bão đã phá huỷ hàng triệu
ngôi nhà tại miền trung Việt Nam.
Câu bị động: Năm rồi, hàng triệu ngôi nhà ở miền trung Việt Nam đã bị phá
huỷ bởi thiên tai như lũ lụt và bão.
è Câu chủ động: Last year, disasters like floods and tornadoes destroyed
millions of houses in central Vietnam.
Câu bị động: Last year, millions of houses in central Vietnam were
destroyed by disasters like floods and tornadoes.
Ex: Năm rồi, người dân địa phương đã chỉ trích nhiều nhà máy vì làm ô
nhiễm nguồn nước.
è Năm rồi, nhiều nhà máy bị chỉ trích vì làm ô nhiễm nguồn nước bởi
người địa phương.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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6. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (đã và đang)
Câu chủ động: S + has/have + V3/Ved + O
Câu bị động: S + has/have + been + Ve/Ved + (by…)
Ex: Mạng xã hội đã và đang trở nên phổ biến ở nhiều quốc gia.
è social networking sites have become popular in many nations.
Ex: Khí thải từ nhà máy đã và đang có tác động tiêu cực lên môi trường
Ex: Môi trường đã và đang bị huỷ hoại bởi các hoạt động con người.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………….
7. Bị động của động từ khiếm khuyết
Chủ động: S + can/could/should/would/may/might + V + O
Bị động: S + can/could/should/would/may/might + be + V3/Ved
Ex:
Chủ động: Chính phủ và người dân nên thực hiện hành động để bảo vệ môi
trường
Bị động: Hành động nên được thực hiện để bảo vệ môi trường bởi cả chính
phủ và người dân.
è Chủ động: both political leaders and individuals should take action to
protect the environment
Bị động: action should be taken to protect the environment by both political
leaders and individuals.
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Ex: Nội dung trên TV có thể ảnh hưởng tới hành vi của trẻ em
è Hành vi của trẻ em có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi nội dung trên TV.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Viết câu ghép (and, so, but)
And: The number of cars and motorbikes has witnessed a dramatic increase
in recent years, and people can be affected by emissions from these
vehicles.
So: Our environment is becoming more and more polluted, so we need to
take action to protect it.
But: Smoking is very harmful, but we still keep smoking regularly.
Ex: Lịch sử quốc gia và thế giới thì đều quan trọng như nhau, và học sinh có thể
có lợi từ việc học cả hai.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
9. Viết câu phức
a. Because = Since = As (S+V)
Many animal species are on the brink of extinction because/as/since
their habitats are destroyed.
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b. Because of/due to/owing to/on account of + (Danh từ)
Many animal species are on the brink of extinction because of/due
to/owing to/on account of habitat destruction.
c. Because of/due to/owing to/on account of the fact that = because
Many animal species are on the brink of extinction because of/due
to/owing to/on account of the fact that their habitats are destroyed.
Ex: Các bậc cha mẹ dành ít thời gian với con cái họ vì họ bận rộn.
(Gợi ý: hectic work schedules: lịch làm việc bận rộn)
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
10. Đại từ quan hệ ( mà)
a. Who (Dùng cho người)
Người mà nói tiếng Anh lưu loát sẽ cơ hội xin được việc lương cao.
è People who speak English fluently could stand a better chance of
landing well-paid jobs.
Ex: Những người mà có lối sống thụ động có thể bị béo phì.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
b. Which (Không dùng cho người)
Chính phủ nên xử phạt các nhà máy mà thải chất thải hoá học vào sông
suối.
è The government should impose a heavy fine on factories which
discharge chemical waste into rivers and lakes.
*Which ngoài ra còn có nghĩa là “Việc này” hay “Điều này”
Các vấn đề về môi trường nên trở nên tệ đi. Điều này sẽ có tác động xấu
lên cả con người và động vật.
è Environmental problems have become worse, which would exert a
detrimental impact on both animal species and human beings.
Ex: Chính phủ nên nổ lực trong việc bảo vệ các loại động vật mà đang
có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Dùng “rather than” or “instead of” or “in lieu of”: Thay vì
Many students tend to work instead of pursuing higher education after
graduation.
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We can use computers with internet connection to study from home rather
than going to school.
The government should encourage citizens to use public transport in lieu of

their private vehicles.
Ex: Chính phủ nên chi tiền vào giáo dục thay vì nghệ thuật.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
12. So tính từ that S+V: quá … tới nỗi mà (dùng để nhấn mạnh)
Ex: cell phone radiation is so harmful that it could cause infertility.
Ex: Báo mạng rất thuận tiện đến nỗi mà chúng ta có thể cập nhật tin tức mới
nhất chỉ với 1 cái click chuột.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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Bài tập: Gạch dưới những “ĐIỂM NGỮ PHÁP” vừa học.
It is true that new technologies have had an influence on communication between people.
Technology has affected relationships in various ways, and in my opinion there are both
positive and negative effects.
Technology has had an impact on relationships in business, education and social

life. Firstly, telephones and the Internet allow business people in different countries to
interact without ever meeting each other. Secondly, services like Skype create new
possibilities for relationships between students and teachers. For example, a student can
now take video lessons with a teacher in a different city or country. Finally, many people
use social networks, like Facebook, to make new friends and find people who share
common interests, and they interact through their computers rather than face to face.
On the one hand, these developments can be extremely positive. It was much more difficult
for people in different countries to cooperate when communication was limited to written
letters or telegrams. Nowadays, interactions by email, phone or video are almost as good
as face-to-face meetings, and many of us benefit from these interactions, either in work or
social contexts. On the other hand, the availability of new communication technologies can
also have the result of isolating people and discouraging real interaction. For example,
many young people choose to make friends online rather than mixing with their peers in
the real world, and these ‘virtual’ relationships are a poor substitute for real friendships.
In conclusion, technology has certainly revolutionised communication between people, but

not all of the outcomes of this revolution have been positive.
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TRÁNH CÁCH DIỄN ĐẠT TUYỆT ĐỐI HÓA
1. Dùng động từ khiếm khuyết
Can/could Should Would might/may
Ex: Smoking would be harmful to our health
2. Dùng trạng từ
Possibly, probably, perhaps

Dùng trước “Động từ” hoặc sau “to be”
Generally, by and large
In some circumstances/cases
Dùng ở cuối câu
To some extent/ to a large extent
Ex: Mastering English possibly helps students to get a well-paid job.
Ex: Smoking brings several benefits to some extent.
3. Dùng động từ diễn tả sự không chắc chắn
Seem/tend/appear to + V
Be more likely to/be likely to/be less likely to + V
Ex: Young people tend to work rather than going to university after graduation.
Ex: Those who lack IT skills are less likely to land a well-paid job.
4. Các cấu trúc khác
It is likely that
It is said that Dùng trước câu
It is possible that
Ex: It is likely that people benefit from smoking.
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MỘT SỐ TỪ THAY THẾ PHỔ BIẾN
1. Children
Schoolchildren or pupils
2. School
Educational institution
3. People
The public
Citizens, inhabitants, residents
Members of society
Humans or Human beings
4. Government
The authorities.
Political leaders
5. The young
Young people
The younger generation
The millennial generation
Millennials
6. The elderly
The older generation
Senior citizens
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Retirees
7. Poor countries
Developing countries
Poverty-stricken countries
Underdeveloped countries
Impoverished countries
8. Rich countries
Wealthy countries
Developed countries
Affluent countries
Prosperous countries
9. The poor
Low-income people
Impoverished people
Economically disadvantaged people
People living on the breadline
People living below the poverty line
10. The rich
High-income
The privileged
The wealthy
Economically advantaged people
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Từ Vựng Dùng Chung

1. Be at the top of one’s agenda : Quan trọng hàng đầu đối với…
EX: Providing funding for health care should be at the top of the government’s
agenda
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Give priority to doing something: ưu tiên hàng đầu cho việc gì đó.
Ex: The government should give top priority to meeting people’s basic needs, such
as housing and medical care.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Something is a top priority: Việc gì đó là ưu tiên hàng đầu
Ex: Investing in education is a top priority in developing countries.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. One’s top/first priority is to : Ưu tiên hàng đầu của …. là ….
Ex: Governments’ first priority is to invest in education.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Solve the problem: Giải quyết vấn đề
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è Address/fix/tackle/cope with/deal with the problem

Ex: The Government should take steps to address the problem regarding
unemployment.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Produce/exert an/a detrimental/devastating/undesirable/adverse/disastrous
impact/effect on : Có một tác động tiêu cực đến
Ex: Smoking could produce an adverse impact on human health.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
7. Produce/exert a beneficial/desirable impact or effect on: Có tác động tích cực
đến
Ex: Consuming less meat and more vegetables can produce a beneficial impact on
our health
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Be beneficial to something/ be harmful to something: Có lợi/Có hại
Ex: Consuming less meat and more vegetables can be beneficial to our health.
Ex: Smoking and drinking can be harmful to our health
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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9. A results in B/A causes B/A leads to B: A dẫn tới B

A acts as a catalyst for B/A is the main culprit of B/A is the precursor to B/A can
be conductive to B: A dẫn tới B
B stems from A/B results from A/B is caused by A: B bắt nguồn từ A
B can be attributed to A/B can be ascribed to A: B bắt nguồn từ A
Ex: Air pollution can be attributed to emissions released from vehicles and
factories.
Ex: Emissions from vehicles and factories can be the main culprit of air pollution.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
10. Play a critical/key/pivotal role in something: Đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc
Ex: Both political leaders and individuals play an important role in environmental
protection.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
11. Be responsible for/ have a responsibility to : có trách nhiệm
Ex: Governments are responsible for providing funding for education

Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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12. Make a great/significant/valuable contribution towards something or doing

something: đóng góp một phần to lớn cho việc gì đó.
Ex: Citizens could make a great contribution towards protecting our environment.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
13. Make an effort to do something/spare no effort to do something/make every effort
to do something : nổ lực làm điều gì đó
effort=endeavor
Ex: Every citizen should make every effort to protect our environment.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
14. Take steps/action/measures to do something: thực hiện hành động để làm gì đó.
Ex: Governments should take concrete action to protect natural habitat of
endangered species.
Ex: Concrete action should be taken by government to protect natural habitat of
endangered species.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
15. Enable somebody to do something = allow somebody to do something
Ex: Mastering many foreign languages could enable students to get a well-paid job
after graduation.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
16. Make the most of something = Take advantage of something: tận dụng gì đó
Ex: Nowadays, students could make the most of computers and other electronic
devices to learn foreign languages on the internet.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
17. Participate in or be/get/become involved in : Tham gia vào
Ex: The number of children who participate in physical actvities has witnessed a
downward trend in recent year.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
18. Raise public awareness of something : nâng cao nhận thức về

Ex: Governments should raise public awareness of water conservation
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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19. Be superior to something >< inferior: Trội hơn >< Không trội bằng
Ex: Online learning is likely to be superior to traditional classrooms.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
20. Be suitable/appropriate for somebody or something: thích hợp

Ex: Online learning is appropriate for high school students.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
21. Assist someone to do something or assist someone in something or doing

something: Hỗ trợ ai đó làm gì đó.
Ex: Governments should make every effort to assist citizens in improving their
living standard.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
22. With a view to doing something : để làm gì đó
Ex: Governments have raised taxes on fossil fuels with a view to encouraging
people to take buses or trains in lieu of driving.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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23. Suffer from something = be prone to: Bị gì đó

Ex: People could suffer from an array of physical problems if they use the internet
too regularly
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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Từ Vựng Chủ Đề Education

1. Teachers = educators
Ex: it is said that educators could be replaced by robots in the future.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Impart knowledge: Truyền đạt kiến thức
3. Theoretical and Practical knowledge: Kiến thức lý thuyết và thực hành
Ex: Besides being taught theoretical knowledge, students also need to be
imparted practical one in order to become qualified and well-rounded
employees after graduation.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. To fall behind with one’s studies: bị tụt lại phía sau
Ex: Many students fall behind with their studies because of irregular
attendance at classes.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. To drop out of college: nghỉ học giữa chừng
Ex: More and more students tend to drop out of college and start their own
business.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
6. -To improve one’s level of academic performance: Cải thiện kết quả học tập
-Improve educational outcomes
-Achieve good grades at school
Ex: Children can improve their level of academic performance by doing all
their homework regularly and carefully.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
7. Reach/achieve their full potential: đạt đến mọi tiềm năng

Ex: Becoming involved in extra-curricular activities would allow students to
achieve their full potential.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………..
8. Land a job : có được công việc
Ex: Students who have English qualifications stand a better chance of landing a
job after graduation.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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9. -To further one’s career: Thăng tiến trong sự nghiệp

-To improve one’s career prospects
-To progress rapidly in one’s career
Ex: Those who study at top-tier universities are more likely to improve their
career prospects.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
10. Enter/pursue tertiary education: học đại học.
Pursue higher education
Embark on formal university education
Attend university/college
Ex: More and more people decide to take a gap year before embarking on
formal university education.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
11. virtual classrooms = Internet-based learning = Distance learning = E-learning =
web-based classes
Ex: Many people argue that virtual classrooms will replace traditional teaching
methods.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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12. Traditional/conventional courses = physical classrooms = traditional classroom

model =face – to – face learning
Ex: Young people tend to prefer internet-based learning to traditional courses.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
13. Engage in face-to-face interaction with teachers: tương tác với giáo viên
Ex: Those who attend traditional courses have more opportunities to engage in
face-to-face interaction with teachers.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
14. To work one’s way through university: làm thêm trong khi học đại học để
trả học phí.
Ex: Many students have to work their way through university since college has
become inexorably expensive.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
15. To develop an independent study habit: phát triển khả năng tự học
Ex: Students who often study alone instead of studying in a group would be
more likely to develop an independent study habit.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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16. Extra-curricular activities: các hoạt động ngoại khoá

Ex: Most UK universities offer a wide range of extra-curricular activities such
as sport, music and drama to help students enjoy university life to the full.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
17. To give feedback: nhận xét

Ex: It is essential for teachers to give feedback to students, so that students
understand their mistakes and can improve.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
18. To put knowledge gained into practice: áp dụng kiến thức vào thực tiễn
Ex: Vocational training courses enable students to put the knowledge gained
during their studies into practice.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
19. To master vital soft skills: làm chủ được các kĩ năng mềm quan trọng
Ex: Taking a gap year to travel and work prior to attending college would
enable students to master many vital soft skills.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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Environment
1. Pollute something: Làm ô nhiễm gì đó.
Pollution: sự ô nhiễm è air pollution
Ex: Water sources have been polluted by toxic waste from local factories.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
Lưu ý: có thể thay “Pollute” bằng “Destroy” or “Damage” or “Degrade” or
“arm”
2. Environmental degradation: sự suy thoái môi trường
~ Environmental deterioration
Ex: Natural habitat destruction can lead to environmental degradation
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Exacerbate something : làm việc gì đó trở nên tồi tệ hơn
Ex: Millions of disposable products end up in landfills every month,
catastrophically exacerbating soil pollution.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
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4. Emissions / Exhaust fumes / exhaust emissions/greenhouse ga

/greenhouse gas emissions : khí thải
è emitted/produced/ from cars/factories/industrial zones
Ex: Emissions emitted from vehicles can produce an adverse impact on our
health
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Ozone layer depletion : sự suy giảm tầng ozone

Ex: Ozone layer depletion has the effect of allowing harmful radiation from
the sun to penetrate the atmosphere and this increases the risk to human
skin cancer.
Lưu ý: Động từ của “depletion” là “deplete” và chúng ta có thể dùng từ
này với nghĩa là “suy giảm” cho trường hợp “the ozone layer” và “natural
resources”
Ex1: the ozone layer is depleted due to emissions from vehicles.
Ex2: natural resouces are depleted at an alarming rate.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Reduce one’s carbon footprint: Giảm khí thải nhà kính

-Reduce carbon emissions
-Reduce greenhouse gas emissions
*reduce = cut down on
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Ex: People could reduce their carbon footprint by using public

transportation instead of driving.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
7. Bảo vệ môi trường
Động từ
-Alleviate/reduce/limit/control/curb environmental problems/pollution
-Protect/preserve/ conseve/save the environment.
Danh từ:
Environmental protection/preservation/conservation
Ex: Both political leaders and individuals play an critical role in

environmental conservation.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
8. Năng lượng có lợi

Renewable energy = sustainable energy = green energy = alternative
energy = carbon-free energy
Ex: Fossil fuels should be replaced by renewable energy sources.
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Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
9. Năng lượng không có lợi
Fossil fuels = carbon-intensive energy = conventional energy =
conventional energy = unsustainable energy = non-renewable energy.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
10. Environmentally friendly = eco-friendly: thân thiện với môi trường.

Ex: although people are aware of the fact that fossil fuels are not
environmentally friendly, the use of such unsustainable energy sources is
still popular in many developed nations.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
11. fuel-efficient vehicles: phương tiện tiết kiệm nhiên

Ex: The Government should promote the manufacture of fuel-efficient
vehicles.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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12. Reduce the dependence or reliance on fossil fuels: Giảm sự phụ thuộc
vào…
Ex: The Government should invest in solar and wind energy projects in
order to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
13. Impose a heavy fine on: Phạt tiền…
Ex: The Government should impose a heavy fine on factories which
discharge chemical waste into rivers and force them to invest on proper
wastewater treatment systems.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
14. Discharge/dump chemical waste or toxic waste or hazardous waste
Thải chất thải
Ex: In contemporary life, more and more companies and industrial zones
have discharged chemical waste into rivers causing death to many fish and
other aquatic animals.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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15. single-use or disposable products >< reusable products

Các sản phẩm dùng 1 lần >< Các sản phẩm có thể dùng nhiều lần
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
……………………..
16. Biodegradable # non-biodegradable: Có thể phân huỷ sinh học
Ex: Plastic is non-biodegradable, so it could take hundreds of years to
decompose.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
17. Habitat destruction: sự huỷ hoại môi trường sống
Ex: The elephant population in the world is declining because of habitat
destruction caused by human exploitation of environment.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
18. Poaching: nạn săn bắn bất hợp pháp
Ex: In order to converse wildlife, poaching should be eliminated
Ex: Elephants are poached for their tusks
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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19. Threat: sự đe doạ

Be under threat of something: bị đe doạ bởi gì đó.
èMany endangered animals are under threat of extinction
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
20. Threaten = endanger = đe doạ
Ex: The health of our children is being endangered by exhaust fumes.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
21. endangered species = threatened species: các loài có nguy cơ tuyệt
chủng.
Ex: One example of an endangered species is the lowland gorilla, which
has almost disappeared as a result of destruction of its forest habitat.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
22. On the brink of extinction = on the verge of extinction : trên bờ của sự

tuyệt chủng
Ex: A large number of endangered species are on the brink of extinction due to
habitat destruction caused by humans.
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Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
23. captive breeding programs: Chương trình nhân giống
Ex: A successful captive breeding program in zoos has resulted in an
increase in the world's panda population.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
24. Conserve = protect = preserve = save wildlife/wild animals
Bảo vệ động vật hoang dã
Ex: As more and more wild animals are on the brink of exctinction, it is
imperative for the government to take action to protect these endangered
animals.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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Government
1. Be responsible for or to have responsibility to do something
Ex: The government are responsible for environmental protection.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
2. Prioritize expenditure on = allocate funds to something or do something

Ex: I believe that it is important to prioritize expenditure on medical
research in order to save lives.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
3. Provide funding for
Ex:Providing funding for health care should be a government priority
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. Create job opportunities

Ex: In order reduce unemployment, the government should create more job
opportunities.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
5. Impose spending cuts on: cắt giảm chi tiêu vào
= curb public spending on
Ex: it is essential for authorities to impose spending cuts on space programs
in order to provide funding for education and health care.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
6. raise taxes on: tăng thuế
Ex: the government should raise taxes on cigarettes to persuade more
people to give up smoking.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
7. Impose an official ban on: cấm gì đó

Ex: The Government should impose an official ban on the use of mobile
phones on public transport.
Lưu ý: Có thể dùng “prohibit”, “ban” và “forbid” như “động từ” có nghĩa
là “cấm”
Cách dùng: “cấm” something hoặc someone from doing something
Ex: During the covid 19 pandemic, citizens are prohibited from travelling
abroad.
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Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
8. A stopgap measure: giải pháp tạm thời

Ex: Building more prisons would not solve the problem of rising crime
rates but it is a stopgap measure that the government should take to protect
the ordinary citizens.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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Technology
1. state-of-the-art: hiện tại
Ex: Nowaways, many educational institutions are equipped with state-
of-the-art facilities.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
2. technological advances: các tiến bộ công nghệ
Ex: Numerous technological advances have changed the way we live.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
3. A technological breakthrough: đột phá trong cộng nghệ.
Ex: The invention of driverless cars is considered as a technological
breakthrough.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
4. robotics technology = công nghệ robot
Ex: Thanks to robotics technology, ocean exploration has never been
easier.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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5. The proliferation/The prevalence/the domination of something

= sự phát triển của gì đó.
Ex: The domination of self-driving cars is inevitable in the near future.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………
……………………..
6. To be computer-literate: Biết dùng máy tính
Ex: In today's competitive job market, it is essential to be computer-
literate.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
7. To become obsolete: trở nên lỗi thời
Ex: Technological innovation is now so rapid that even the latest
electronic devices soon become obsolete.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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8. To have access to the internet = to access to the

= Tiếp cận với mạng.
Ex: Millions of people are able to have access to the internet in cafes,
libraries or other public places.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
9. To be superseded by = be replaced by = bị thay thế bởi
Ex: Traditional newspapers would be superseded by online news in the
near future.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
10. To become over-reliant on : trở nên quá phụ thuộc vào.
Ex: Many children tend to become over-reliant on smartphones.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
11. Labour-saving appliances/devices
Ex:Thanks to the introduction of labour-saving appliances, people
would have more time to spend with their loved ones.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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12. Improve work efficiency

Ex: Advances in technology help us to improve work efficiency
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
13. With a click of a mouse/ a button
Ex: In this day and age, people could learn English with a click of a
mouse.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
14. Keep/stay up-to-date with the latest or breaking news
Ex:Thanks to the domination of social media, people are able to keep
up-to-date with the lastest news on a daily basis.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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15. Facilitate instantaneous communication among people regardless of

geographic boundaries.
=Tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho việc giao tiếp bất kể khoảng cách
địa lý.
Ex: The domination of smartphones and the internet has facilitated
instantaneous communication among people regardless of geographic
boundaries.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
16. Affect fertility: ảnh hưởng đến sinh sản.
Ex: long-term exposure to cell phone radiation could affect fertility
to some extent, leading to male infertility.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
17. Weaken eyesight: giảm thị lực

Ex: Staring at digital screens for many hours on a daily basis could
weaken our eyesight, causing nearsightedness.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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18. Lead a sedentary lifestyle: có lối sống thụ động

Ex: An increasing number of internet users tend to lead a sedentary
lifestyle. This would make them a candidate for obesity.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
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19. Become isolated from family and friends: bị cô lập

Ex: Many teenagers are so addicted to social media that they become
isolated from their family and friends.
Your example:
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20. Questionable/inappropriate content : pornography or nudity or

violence
= Những nội dung đáng nghi ngờ
Ex: Children should not be allowed to use electronic devices and the
internet since they could be affected by inappropriate content on the
internet.
Your example:
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21. Online scams: lừa đảo online

Many internet users have been victims of online scams.
Your example:
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22. Invade one's privacy: xâm phạm quyền riêng tư
Internet users should pay more attention to cybercriminals who could
invade those users' privacy easily.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
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23. Deprive people of their privacy: lấy đi quyền tư
Ex: Social media platforms possibly eavesdrop on people’s
conversation for the purpose of collecting personal information,
which would deprive many people pf their privacy.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
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24. Cybercriminals = online fraudsters = hackers
Ex: online fraudsters could use malwares to hack into our computers
for the purpose of stealing our personal information.
Your example:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
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Đề : Some students prefer to take a gap year between high school and university to work
or to travel. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
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Đề: Fossil fuel is the main source of energy. In some countries, the use of alternative
sources of energy is encouraged. Is this a positive or negative development?
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SÁCH ĐƯỢC TỔNG HỢP VÀ BIÊN SOẠN BỞI THẦY LEO ĐẸP TRAI

Discuss both views and give opinion

REASONS AND SOLUTIONS

PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

DISCUSS ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Số 2. In this sense, Làm rõ.

causes some disadvantages which should not be neglected.

Discuss ADVANTAGES and DISADVANTAGES

and give your opinion

Is it a negative or positive development?

Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

its drawbacks are far more notable/greater/more significant.

than its positive ones.

Ngữ Pháp Cần Thiết

Ex: Chính phủ nên đầu tư vào giáo dục.

è It is important for the government to invest on education.

Ex: Học sinh cần học lịch sử thế giới.

Ex: Chính phủ không nên đầu tư vào nghệ thuật.

èInvesting on arts is unnecessary for the government.

Ex: Học sinh cần học lịch sử thế giới.

Ex: Có nhiều tác hại của việc hút thuốc.

è There are many harmful effects of smoking.

trình không gian.

Bị động: S + am/is/are + V3/Ved (by…)

è Câu chủ động: Human activities damage the environment.

è Câu bị động: The environment is damaged by human activities

Câu chủ động: S + V2/Ved + O

Câu bị động: S + was/were + V2/Ved (by…)

ngôi nhà tại miền trung Việt Nam.

huỷ bởi thiên tai như lũ lụt và bão.

millions of houses in central Vietnam.

Câu bị động: Last year, millions of houses in central Vietnam were

destroyed by disasters like floods and tornadoes.

nhiễm nguồn nước.

người địa phương.

6. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (đã và đang)

Câu chủ động: S + has/have + V3/Ved + O

Câu bị động: S + has/have + been + Ve/Ved + (by…)

è social networking sites have become popular in many nations.

Chủ động: S + can/could/should/would/may/might + V + O

Bị động: S + can/could/should/would/may/might + be + V3/Ved

phủ và người dân.

protect the environment

Bị động: action should be taken to protect the environment by both political

leaders and individuals.

in recent years, and people can be affected by emissions from these

So: Our environment is becoming more and more polluted, so we need to

take action to protect it.

But: Smoking is very harmful, but we still keep smoking regularly.

a. Because = Since = As (S+V)

Many animal species are on the brink of extinction because/as/since

their habitats are destroyed.

b. Because of/due to/owing to/on account of + (Danh từ)

Many animal species are on the brink of extinction because of/due

to/owing to/on account of habitat destruction.

c. Because of/due to/owing to/on account of the fact that = because

Many animal species are on the brink of extinction because of/due

(Gợi ý: hectic work schedules: lịch làm việc bận rộn)

10. Đại từ quan hệ ( mà)

a. Who (Dùng cho người)

è People who speak English fluently could stand a better chance of

landing well-paid jobs.

b. Which (Không dùng cho người)

è The government should impose a heavy fine on factories which