bukit pandang

Processing Report
18 September 2022
Survey Data
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100 m

Fig. 1. Camera locations and image overlap.

Number of images: 118 Camera stations: 118

Flying altitude: 167 m Tie points: 66,919
Ground resolution: 3.26 cm/pix Projections: 159,843
Coverage area: 0.296 km² Reprojection error: 2.62 pix

Camera Model Resolution Focal Length Pixel Size Precalibrated

L1D-20c (10.26mm) 5472 x 3648 10.26 mm 2.41 x 2.41 μm No
Table 1. Cameras.

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Camera Calibration

1 pix
Fig. 2. Image residuals for L1D-20c (10.26mm).

L1D-20c (10.26mm)
118 images

Type Resolution Focal Length Pixel Size

Frame 5472 x 3648 10.26 mm 2.41 x 2.41 μm

Value Error F Cx Cy K1 K2 K3 P1 P2

F 4921.18 7.2 1.00 -0.50 -0.98 0.73 0.02 -0.06 -0.36 -0.93

Cx 12.8321 0.63 1.00 0.49 -0.35 -0.00 0.02 0.90 0.46

Cy -232.947 2.7 1.00 -0.73 -0.00 0.05 0.35 0.96

K1 0.00699976 0.00092 1.00 -0.63 0.55 -0.26 -0.75

K2 0.0125524 0.0032 1.00 -0.98 -0.02 0.02

K3 -0.0217865 0.0053 1.00 0.03 0.03

P1 0.0017292 4e-005 1.00 0.34

P2 0.000171748 0.00013 1.00

Table 2. Calibration coefficients and correlation matrix.

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Camera Locations
4m

3.2 m

2.4 m

1.6 m

0.8 m

0m

-0.8 m
-1.6 m

-2.4 m

-3.2 m

-4 m

x5

100 m

Fig. 3. Camera locations and error estimates.

Z error is represented by ellipse color. X,Y errors are represented by ellipse shape.
Estimated camera locations are marked with a black dot.

X error
Y error (m) Z error (m) XY error (m) Total error (m)
(m)
2.41697 2.20195 1.36523 3.26961 3.54319
Table 3. Average camera location error.
X - Longitude, Y - Latitude, Z - Altitude.

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Digital Elevation Model
90 m

-40 m

100 m

Fig. 4. Reconstructed digital elevation model.

Resolution: 52.2 cm/pix

Point density: 3.67 points/m²

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Processing Parameters

General
Cameras 118
Aligned cameras 118
Coordinate system WGS 84 (EPSG::4326)
Rotation angles Yaw, Pitch, Roll
Point Cloud
Points 66,919 of 70,523
RMS reprojection error 0.144711 (2.6181 pix)
Max reprojection error 0.437489 (39.1455 pix)
Mean key point size 16.8935 pix
Point colors 3 bands, uint8
Key points No
Average tie point multiplicity 2.45371
Alignment parameters
Accuracy Low
Generic preselection Yes
Reference preselection Yes
Key point limit 40,000
Tie point limit 4,000
Adaptive camera model fitting No
Matching time 1 minutes 16 seconds
Alignment time 32 seconds
Dense Point Cloud
Points 1,395,996
Point colors 3 bands, uint8
Reconstruction parameters
Quality Lowest
Depth filtering Moderate
Depth maps generation time 52 seconds
Dense cloud generation time 8 seconds
Model
Faces 31,021
Vertices 15,915
Vertex colors 3 bands, uint8
Texture 4,096 x 4,096, 4 bands, uint8
Reconstruction parameters
Surface type Arbitrary
Source data Dense
Interpolation Enabled
Quality Lowest
Depth filtering Moderate
Face count 31,022
Processing time 55 seconds
Texturing parameters
Mapping mode Orthophoto
Blending mode Mosaic
Texture size 4,096 x 4,096
Enable hole filling Yes
Enable ghosting filter Yes
UV mapping time 0 seconds

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General
Blending time 22 minutes 23 seconds
Tiled Model
Texture 3 bands, uint8
Reconstruction parameters
Source data Mesh
Tile size 256
Enable ghosting filter No
Processing time 10 minutes 10 seconds
DEM
Size 1,731 x 1,696
Coordinate system WGS 84 (EPSG::4326)
Reconstruction parameters
Source data Dense cloud
Interpolation Enabled
Processing time 2 seconds
Orthomosaic
Size 22,336 x 20,928
Coordinate system WGS 84 (EPSG::4326)
Colors 3 bands, uint8
Reconstruction parameters
Blending mode Mosaic
Surface DEM
Enable hole filling Yes
Processing time 3 minutes 46 seconds
Software
Version 1.5.0
Platform Windows 64

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