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INSTRUCTIONS
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A+ B A− B
sin( A ± B) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B sin A + sin B = 2 sin cos
2 2
cos( A ± B) = cos A cos B sin A sin B A+ B A− B
sin A − sin B = 2 cos sin
2 2
tan A ± tan B
tan( A ± B) = A+ B A− B
1 tan A tan B cos A + cos B = 2 cos cos
2 2
2 sin A cos B = sin( A + B) + sin( A − B) A+ B A− B
cos A − cos B = −2 sin sin
2 2
2 cos A cos B = cos( A + B) + cos( A − B)
*****************************************************************************
d
2. Find ( x sin x) from first principles. (5 marks)
dx
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
n
(−1) k +1 (2k + 1) n + 1 + (−1) n +1
4. (a) Using mathematical induction, prove that
k =1 k (k + 1)
=
n +1
for all
positive integers n.
(−1) k (2k + 1)
321
(b) Using (a), evaluate .
k = 3 25k ( k + 1)
(6 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
π
5. (a) Prove that cos x − sin x = 2 cos x + .
4
π
(b) Prove that 2 2 sin x + sin 2 x − 2sin 2 x = 2 2 sin x cos x + + 1 . Hence solve the
4
sin 2 x
equation 2 csc x + = 1, where 0 < x < 2π.
2(1 − cos 2 x)
(7 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
x2 + a
9. Let a be a constant. Define f ( x) = for all real numbers x ≠ 3 . Denote the curve
x −3
y = f ( x) by C. It is given that f ( x) attains its local minimum at x = 5.
(a) Find the value of a. (3 marks)
(b) Find the maximum point(s) of C. (3 marks)
(c) Find the asymptote(s) of C. (3 marks)
(d) Find the area of the region bounded by C and the x-axis. (4 marks)
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
(a) (i) Denote the 2 × 2 identity matrix by I 2. Prove that det( A − λ i I 2 ) = 0 for i = 1, 2 .
(ii) Find the values of λ1 and λ 2.
(5 marks)
1 1
(b) Let P = .
y1 y2
(i) Find the values of y1 and y2 .
(ii) Show that P is invertible and find P −1.
(5 marks)
λ 0
(c) Prove that P −1 AP = 1 . (2 marks)
0 λ2
Answers written in the margins will not be marked.
END OF PAPER
d ( x + h) sin( x + h) − x sin x
2. ( x sin x) = lim 1M
dx h → 0 h
sin( x + h) − sin x
= lim sin( x + h) + x lim
h →0 h →0 h
2x + h h
2 cos sin
= sin( x + 0) + x lim 2 2 1M
h →0 h
h
sin
2x + h 2
= sin x + x lim cos ⋅ lim 1M
h →0 2 h → 0 h
2
2x + 0
= sin x + x cos ⋅1 1M
2
= sin x + x cos x 1A
(5)
2 2 1 2 1
(b) (i) OP = a + b ⋅ a + b
3 3 3 3
4 2 4 1 2
= a + (a ⋅ b) + b
9 9 9
4 4 1
32 = (3) 2 + (a ⋅ b) + (6) 2 1M
9 9 9
9
a ⋅b = 1A
4
(ii) a ⋅ b = a b cos ∠AOB 1M
9
= (3)(6) cos ∠AOB
4
1
cos ∠AOB =
8
1
∠AOB = cos −1 1A
8
(5)
321
(−1) k (2k + 1) 1 321 (−1) k +1 (2k + 1)
(b)
k = 3 25k ( k + 1)
= − k (k + 1)
25 k =3
1 321 (−1) k +1 (2k + 1) 2 (−1) k +1 (2k + 1)
=− k (k + 1) −
25 k =1 k =1 k (k + 1)
1 321 + 1 + (−1)321+1 2 + 1 + (−1) 2+1
=− − 1M
25 321 + 1 2 +1
13
=− 1A
966
(6)
= e x cos(πx) + π sin(πx)d (e x )
= e x cos(πx) + π{e x sin( πx) − e x d [sin(πx)]} 1M
2 0
(b) 0
e 2− x cos(πx)dx = −eu cos[π(2 − u )]du
2
1M
2
= eu cos(πu )du
0
2
= e x cos(πx)dx
0
1
= 2
[e x cos(πx) + πe x sin(πx)]02 1M
1+ π
1
= [e 2 cos 2π + πe 2 sin 2π − (e0 cos 0 + πe0 sin 0)]
1 + π2
e2 − 1
= 1A
1 + π2
(7)
1 −1 −1
7. (a) (i) 2 α α
5 α − 2 2α + 3
= α(2α + 3) + (−1)(α)(5) + (−1)(2)(α − 2) − (−1)(α)(5) − α(α − 2) − ( −1)(2)(2α + 3) 1A
= 2α 2 + 3α − 5α − 2α + 4 + 5α − α 2 + 2α + 4α + 6
= α 2 + 7α + 10
= (α + 2)(α + 5)
(E ) has a unique solution.
1M
∴ (α + 2)(α + 5) ≠ 0
α ≠ −2 and α ≠ −5 1A
= x − +
x 4 16
>0
∴ f ( x) is not a decreasing function. 1A
10
(b) (i) y = 2 x − 5 + dx 1M
x
= x 2 − 5 x + 10 ln x + C
Note that y = 5 when x = 1.
∴ 5 = 12 − 5(1) + 10 ln1 + C 1M
C =9
∴ The equation of Γ is y = x 2 − 5 x + 10 ln x + 9 . 1A
2 x( x − 3) − (1)( x 2 + a )
9. (a) f '( x) =
( x − 3) 2
x2 − 6x − a
= 1A
( x − 3) 2
f ( x) attains its local minimum at x = 5.
∴ f '(5) = 0
52 − 6(5) − a
=0 1M
(5 − 3) 2
a = −5 1A
(3)
2
x − 6x + 5
(b) f '( x) =
( x − 3) 2
( x − 1)( x − 5)
=
( x − 3) 2
When f '( x) = 0 , x = 1 or 5. 1M
4
= lim x
x →∞ 3
1−
x
=0
∴ The oblique asymptote is y = x + 3. 1A
(3)
x2 − 5
(d) =0
x −3
x2 − 5 = 0
x2 = 5
x=− 5 or 5 1A
x2 − 5
5
Required area = dx 1M
− 5 x−3
5 4
= x +3+ dx
− 5
x −3
5
1
= x 2 + 3x + 4 ln x − 3 1M
2 − 5
5 5
= + 3 5 + 4 ln(3 − 5) − − 3 5 + 4 ln(3 + 5)
2 2
= 6 5 + 4 ln(3 − 5) − 4 ln(3 + 5) 1A
(4)
2 2 2 2
2
1 1
=x− +
2 4
1 1 π π 1
Let x − = tan θ, where − < θ < , then dx = sec 2 θd θ. 1M
2 2 2 2 2
dx dx
1
=
1 1
2
x2 − x +
2 x− +
2 4
1 2
sec θd θ
= 2 2
1 1
tan θ +
2 4
= 2d θ 1M
= 2θ + C
= 2 tan −1 (2 x − 1) + C 1A
(3)
λ λ λ
0
xf ( x)dx = λ f ( x)dx − xf ( x)dx
0 0
λ λ
∴ 2 xf ( x)dx = λ f ( x)dx
0 0
λ λ λ
0
xf ( x)dx =
2 0
f ( x)dx 1
(3)
π
π sin x cos x
= π 2 2 dx [By (b)] 1M
2 0 sin 4 x + cos 4 x
π2 π sin x cos x
= 2 dx
4 0 sin x + (1 − sin 2 x) 2
4
π2 1 du
=
8
0 u + (1 − u ) 2
2
1M
π2 1 du
= 2
8 2u − 2u + 1
0
π2 1 du
=
16 u 2 − u + 1
0
2
2
π
= [2 tan −1 (2u − 1)]10 [By (a)] 1M
16
π2
= [2 tan −1 1 − 2 tan −1 (−1)]
16
π2 π π
= −−
8 4 4
π3
= 1A
16
(6)
1 1
(b) (i) A = −
y1 y1
2 1 1 1
y = − y
0 −1 1 1
y1 + 2 −1
=
− y1 − y1
∴ We have y1 + 2 = −1 and − y1 = − y1 . 1M
∴ y1 = −3 1A
1 1
A = 2
y2 y2
2 1 1 1
y = 2 y
0 −1 2 2
y2 + 2 2
=
− y2 2 y2
1 1
(ii) det( P ) =
−3 0
=3
≠0
∴ P is invertible. 1
T
0 3
adj P =
−1 1
0 −1
=
3 1
1 0 −1
P −1 =
33 1
1
0 − 3
= 1A
1 1
3
(5)
1
0 −
(c) P −1 AP = 3 2 1 1 1
1 1 0 −1 −3 0
3
1
0 − 3 −1 2
= 1M
1 1 3 0
3
−1 0
=
0 2
λ 0
= 1 1
0 λ2
(2)
1
(ii) Area of ΔABC = AB × AC
2
1 2
= 6 + 122 + 122
2
=9 1A
AB = (−2) 2 + (−4) 2 + 52
=3 5 1M
Let h be the distance from C to AB.
1
∴ (3 5)h = 9 1M
2
6 5
h=
5
6 5
∴ The distance from C to AB is . 1A
5
(7)