1.

A stationary gas-turbine power plant operating on an ideal regenerative Brayton cycle with air as the
working fluid is considered. The power delivered by this plant is to be determined for two cases.

Assumptions 1 The air standard assumptions are applicable. 2 Air is an ideal gas. 3 Kinetic and potential
energy changes are negligible.
Properties When assuming constant specific heats, the properties of air at room temperature are cp = 1.005
kJ/kg.K and k = 1.4 (Table A-2a). When assuming variable specific heats, the properties of air are
obtained from Table A-17.
Analysis
T
(a) Assuming constant specific heats,
(k −1) / k 1100 K 3
⎛P ⎞ 75,000 kW
T2 = T1 ⎜⎜ 2 ⎟⎟ = (290 K )(8)0.4/1.4 = 525.3 K
⎝ P1 ⎠ 5 4
(k −1) / k
⎛P ⎞
0.4/1.4
⎛1⎞ 2
T4 = T3 ⎜⎜ 4 ⎟
⎟ = (1100 K )⎜ ⎟ = 607.2 K 6
⎝ P3 ⎠ ⎝8⎠ 290 K 1 qout
ε = 100% ⎯⎯→ T5 = T4 = 607.2 K and T6 = T2 = 525.3 K s

q out c p (T6 − T1 ) T −T 525.3 − 290

η th = 1 − = 1− = 1− 6 1 = 1− = 0.5225
q in c p (T3 − T5 ) T3 − T5 1100 − 607.2
W& net = η T Q& in = (0.5225)(75,000 kW ) = 39,188 kW
(b) Assuming variable specific heats,
h1 = 290.16 kJ/kg
T1 = 290K ⎯ ⎯→
Pr1 = 1.2311

P2
Pr 2 = Pr = (8)(1.2311) = 9.8488 ⎯
⎯→ h2 = 526.12 kJ/kg
P1 1
h3 = 1161.07 kJ/kg
T3 = 1100K ⎯
⎯→
Pr3 = 167.1

P4 ⎛1⎞
Pr 4 = Pr3 = ⎜ ⎟(167.1) = 20.89 ⎯
⎯→ h4 = 651.37 kJ/kg
P3 ⎝8⎠
ε = 100% ⎯⎯→ h5 = h4 = 651.37 kJ/kg and h6 = h2 = 526.12 kJ/kg
q out h −h 526.12 − 290.16
η th = 1 − = 1− 6 1 = 1− = 0.5371
q in h3 − h5 1161.07 − 651.37
W& net = η T Q& in = (0.5371)(75,000 kW ) = 40,283 kW
2. An ideal gas-turbine cycle with two stages of compression and two stages of expansion is considered.
The back work ratio and the thermal efficiency of the cycle are to be determined for the cases of with
and without a regenerator.

Assumptions 1 The air standard assumptions are applicable. 2

Air is an ideal gas with variable specific heats. 3 Kinetic and
T
potential energy changes are negligible.
Properties The properties of air are given in Table A-17. 1200 K 5 7
qin
Analysis
9 6 8
(a) The work inputs to each stage of compressor are identical,
so are the work outputs of each stage of the turbine since this
is an ideal cycle. Then,
4 2 10
h1 = 300.19 kJ/kg
T1 = 300 K ⎯
⎯→ 300 K 1
Pr1 = 1.386 3
s
Pr 2 = 2 Pr1 = (3)(1.386) = 4.158 ⎯
P
⎯→ h2 = h4 = 411.26 kJ/kg
P1
h5 = h7 = 1277.79 kJ/kg
T5 = 1200 K ⎯
⎯→
Pr5 = 238
P6 ⎛1⎞
Pr6 = Pr5 = ⎜ ⎟(238) = 79.33 ⎯ ⎯→ h6 = h8 = 946.36 kJ/kg
P5 ⎝ 3⎠
wC,in = 2(h2 − h1 ) = 2(411.26 − 300.19 ) = 222.14 kJ/kg
wT,out = 2(h5 − h6 ) = 2(1277.79 − 946.36) = 662.86 kJ/kg
Thus,
wC,in 222.14 kJ/kg
rbw = = = 33.5%
wT,out 662.86 kJ/kg
q in = (h5 − h4 ) + (h7 − h6 ) = (1277.79 − 411.26 ) + (1277.79 − 946.36 ) = 1197.96 kJ/kg
wnet = wT,out − wC,in = 662.86 − 222.14 = 440.72 kJ/kg
wnet 440.72 kJ/kg
η th = = = 36.8%
q in 1197.96 kJ/kg
(b) When a regenerator is used, rbw remains the same. The thermal efficiency in this case becomes
q regen = ε (h8 − h4 ) = (0.75)(946.36 − 411.26 ) = 401.33 kJ/kg
q in = q in,old − q regen = 1197.96 − 401.33 = 796.63 kJ/kg
wnet 440.72 kJ/kg
η th = = = 55.3%
q in 796.63 kJ/kg