Past Simple

Active (V2):
+ She baked some cookies yesterday.
- She did not (didn’t) bake …
? Did she bake …?
? Who baked some cookies? -> subject
? What did she bake? -> non subject

Passive (was/were + V3):

+ Some cookies were baked yesterday.
- Some cookies were not (weren’t) baked …
? Were some cookies baked?
Exercise A
Choose the best answer!
1. The bridge was started in 1933 and … four
years later.
A. they was completed
B. they were completed
C. it was completed
D. it completed

2. The new apartment construction was not to

be cancelled, but it ….
A. was only postponed
B. only was postponed
C. was postponed only
D. only being postponed
3. The car …, but Michael decided (V2) to sell it
instead.
A. was need to be fixed
B. needed to be fixed
C. need (V1) fixing
D. need
A: Michael needed to fix the car.
P: The car needed to be fixed/needed fixing.

4. The famous architect (appositive), Frank

Lloyd Wright, the famous architect (appositive),
was greatly …, who wanted him to study
architecture.
A. influenced by his mother
B. from his mother’s influence
C. his mother influenced him
D. influencing his mother
5. The fugitive … on Friday night at the gas
station.
A. was escaped
B. was volunteering
C. were not seen
D. was last seen

Choose the incorrect answer!

6. In 1991, a clock work radio were was
invented by Trevor Baylis to overcome the high
price of batteries.

7. In the past, car designers were worked first

on paper, but at a later stage models were
made in wood or fiberglass.
8. When Columbus seen saw the New World,
he thought that he had reached The East Indies
by way of a Western route.

9. The bridge was hitting by a large ship during

a sudden storm last week.

10. Last week, Mrs. Anderson buyed bought a

new sports car; however, she has yet to learn
how to operate the manual gear shift.
Regular : play played played
Irregular : eat ate eaten

Past Continuous/Progressive
Active (was/were + Ving):
+ They were playing music.
- They weren’t playing …
? Were they playing …?
? Who were playing …?
? What were they playing?

Passive (was/were + being + V3):

+ Music was being played.
- Music wasn’t being played.
? Was music being played?

Function:
1. I was listening to music when my mother
called me.
2. I was listening to music while my brothers
were studying.
3. I broke my leg when I fell.

Exercise B
Choose the right answer!
1. Gene … dinner when his friend called.
A. was eating
B. is eating
C. eats
D. were eating

2. When the teacher … the room, the students

were talking.
A. is entering
B. entered
C. was entering
D. enters

3. When Henry arrived home after a hard day at

work, his wife … dinner.
A. was preparing
B. prepared
C. was prepared
D. prepares

4. The students were reading while …

A. the professor were speaking.
B. the professor spoke.
C. the professor was speaking.
D. the professor is speaking.

5. Were you listening while the manager …..

the new policy?
A. explained
B. was explaining
C. was explained
D. were explaining

Choose the incorrect part!

6. John was drinking a cup of coffee when the
telephone rang.

7. The children were playing outdoors last night

when it begins began to rain very hard.
8. While her husband was doing the laundry,
Maria was cleaning the whole apartment.

9. When I last saw Janet, she hurried was

hurrying to her next class on the other side of
the campus and did not have time to talk.

10. While Joan was writing the report, Henry

was looking looks for more information.

Present Perfect
Active (has/have + V3):
+ We have lived here since 2010.
- We have not lived here since 2010.
? Have you lived here ..?
? Who have lived here …?
? When have you lived here?

Passive (has/have + been + V3):

A: He has read so many books.
P: So many books have been read.

Exercise C
Choose the correct answer!
1. We … this film before, so there's no need to
watch it again.
A. have saw
B. saw
C. has seen
D. have seen

2. We … what to do with the money yet.

A. haven’t decided
B. hasn’t decided
C. hadn’t decided
D. have decided

3. Sam … the results of the experiment.

A. already recorded
B. have already record
C. has already recorded
D. has recorded already

4. I am really excited about going to the new

restaurant because I … Indian food before.
A. have eaten never
B. never ate
C. have never eaten
D. never eats

5. An interesting article in the New York Times

… in my Introduction to Economics class just
now.
A. has discussed
B. have been discussed
C. has been discussed
D. have discussed

Choose the incorrect part!

6. A Milky Way object that erupted in the
constellation Scorpius has provides information
to astronomers since July.

7. The world's largest deposits of asbestos have

be located in the Appalachian Mountains.

8. Over the past few decades significant

scholarly ink and political rhetoric has been
expanded on middle powers’ potential
contribution to the maintenance and expansion
of the international order.
9. Australia has benefited also from the liberal
economic and political values established by
the international institutions that were created
after 1945.

10. They haven’t install the lifting system

although Mr. Brown has asked them many
times.

Exercise

Choose the best answer!

1. Mrs. Shilton had been a primary school
teacher for twenty years … she became
headmaster of the school.
A. while

C. after
B. before

D. because

2. The film had already … when we finally got to

the cinema.
A. started
C. start
B. starting

D. was started
3. Government officials said a lava dome
collapse resulting from a thunderstorm
and persistent rain had … the volcanic eruption
of Mount Semeru in December
2021.
A. triggers

C. triggered
B. triggering
D. trigger
4. Researchers … that the rock crystal artifact
was inscribed with the name of a
mysterious bishop after they had gone through
an extensive conservation
process.
A. finding

C. found
B. finds

D. founded
5. Lara suffered from a series of injuries after
she had … her first major
tournament.
A. win

C. winning
B. winned

D. won

Choose the incorrect part!

6. Before we turned from swimming in the river
near the camp, someone
A
had stole our clothes, and we had to walk back
with our towels around
B
C D
us.

7. After George had returned to his house, he,

together with his wife
A

B
Elaine, was reading a book about psychological
thriller.

C
D

8. John wrote several letters to his solicitor and

clients after he
A
B
C
has finished his dinner.
D

9. The minister, along with his advisors, went

fishing before he had

A B
finished the press conference regarding the
new bill about education.

C D

10. Arlene had became the president of this

organization before she
A
B

C
moved here.
D