TWorial-5

(D Kepvesent poar for

the tollowing
Vertital lines in y-plone
Horizontal liner in y-plane

y y 2

(-3a (y41j- to the

he
C
toarrfte
erriia
ann

oln 1y-plane are

reprerented by
hy
Vertital liner in

Constant a
a for some
equalon a
TCOs 0
=

Ycos0, we get
Subsitutung = a sece
the form
for

equation of
Ver bitol linec in ny-plane have polar
Cartesian

Y a $ece by the
the

are repretented
repretened

-plane
Hovizontal lines tonstant
t o n s t a n t b.
for some
b
equalion y-b Sn- bb
6, we get
Subsitudng = r - bex e
of the foum
fom
of the
-plane harn polar equahion
lies to
Hor ontal
besce
i
Cartesian
equalion
diy Given we get
e ge
rox6
and y Tine,
Subrituting

4ose
+97*sin'0 -36
tise) + 57 sin e =36
4(ose +
36
ose + r'O =1
4() + 57*sino:
y + 5ttn*a) 36

36
4+5sine
Given
gIven Cartesian equalon i is y2
Subs itulng and y- Ysin0, we get

LOs. Ysine - 2
( 2 sinecor 0) - 4

Yin? -
y ese 20
to
(1-33+(y+15°=
Ggiven
7ven Cartesian equalion is
we
we
gu
Subsitdng Ycos e andy- Tein,

cos-3)+ (rrine +1)= 10

= l0
2 r s i n e +1
'sine +
co"e
-
brtos e +9 +
Sing = O
2roë
e+
sin e) 67cos
-

(ose+

0
7 - 6rcos O
+2*te 2Yio6 -
in e) =0
( - 6 wse +2
2tne
6 cose -

Y=
0

6cose- 2 ine =O
A e- tan(3), indudes
indudes
TT : 00 .
Y= 6tos e - 2tine 6 cor6-2
6 core-2in sine
So,
So, is Y
polar quation
SO Ttguired
So,
o Show tha
thal the maximum vaJue of a'b'e on a sphere of radiur
Centered athe ovigin ofa Cartirian abe to0rdinale syre
syrMem
i(), arsume ahe t 0
we have
thal for posdwe numbere a,b,
p a l ta), Show
atbtt (abe
3
where
(a)We bave fab, c) -

a'be",
to marimi2e the fundion
untered (o,0,° at
la,b, c)
yc)lie on the sphere of radius ,
gab,c)-a +b+t1
So, we have
,e have a tonchaint a'4b' Y' . let
c)- D,
the
conrhaint gla,
J b,
with
maximi2e f(a,b, c) ab =

such
Suth
that
har
a
need to tind the values ofa,b, ,
and ga,b,)-
E
Vf -
(2aba + (2a'be) +(2a'b'e)
V a) i +(16) + (2«) k 3 (wayî +(24
(2)k
4(2a*be)i+(2atb'e)

Avg
(1ab1)
CA-bc) - o
a
2 ab a
b (-a'e) =O
2ab 2b
c (A- a'b) -o
2a' bc 1e C4o.
So, 1
So,
gvee
r
a4o, b+0,
abc #0 , that is.
Tt is wen hat

as c#o
(a'L)=0 a*-b
be-ae b= c as a#o
a'cab
a*(c-b)-0
have a-bc
So, we

we 9et
Subrhtutig this in gab,):0,
aa'4a-o 3a'y a
we hae fa,b,e) =a
wuh a-b-ct,
athe point (a,b,c)
marimum value of f i (a)°- (
and o, the
of radius
maxuntum value of abcon a sphere
the
Therefore,
(
rtentered at the origin
 P a t (a, we have thal i y 7- ", then
hen

()
We need to shouw that a4bic> (abe)Va
3
Le -a, y vb,
7-e sphere
of rodiu
of radius

hen P(,y,2)= ahe and (1,y, 2) ier on the

(o,0,0)
7y aabic untered at ,

, by part ) , we have ahe atbsc)

3

(abe) VS atbtc
3 3
have
adbt(abe)
There fore, tor posdwe numbers (ab,t), we 3
3Utinq
hemelhod of Logrange muliplierr, find the maximum value
of w =iy 1+y+z-9
7yz on the line of intersecon of the two planer
that
a r you
laim
and 4y-Z o. Give an arqument o support your
have found a max imum and not a munimum.

92 4y-7
Vx,y, 2)
:

yo and
, 2 ) - 7yz. let u(y, 2) - 74y+z-
tonghaintr
to the
We need to maximize w(x,y, 2) Subject
u , y,2)-0 and v(My,)-0.
Suth thal
tha
othis we
w tind ,y, z, 2,p
0.
=0
(7,y, 2) =

w Vu+ V7v , u 4 , 2)

Vayzi+ xzf 41yk vu- i+ +k

+j4£)+ H(i +1-k)

y a i +azj +k ( i
z (x-y) = 0
12 >
yz =
X A+
- J wdl gwe
ue
us

and v(My,2)
(y,2)=0 =0 u
0 f Z-0, then u(,y, 2)=0 are
are not
not rue
ue

two
con duions
tonddions
These two
0.
0 and +
+-40 -

ir
not
not poss ible
poscible .

case
So, this
SLmultaneouly 21+2 40»
t X42 =
=40 , Z - 20
uly, 2)-0 Y X4-7
-
0 J 2 7

v (y, z)-0J

, (3,y, z)= (1o,10, 20)| 2000

20oo
a t the
at the
vaJue
vaJue of wro,/0, 20)
w(1o,10, 10) -

makumum
has a
w- 1y
w= 1yz
10,10,20o).
pont and not a minimum:
amormum
that 2000 L
To thetk the planer
planes 4
+yy+
+7z
=
= 40 and
tntersedion
of of both there
The line of to both normals
normals of
p e r p e n d i u l a r
bo to

and t4-£.
i++k and
4y-7-o

bat ir,
planes,
-a+
itis paralle) to
So,
 The lo 2i 43 and tontains
e o f inteistelion i parallel
the point (10,/0, 20o)
10, 20).
of the lonm (-2t 410, 2t 4
So, yanyM poinl on
ir ine
20 (0
ir line, we have w(x,y,2) - (-24 410) (2t 410) (2 0) value when

he funlion ht)- 2o (100- yt) har a maximum

The
(10,10,20)
t0 t0 gwer the potnt
and
Cro, 10, 2o)
marimum value at
There fore, w hara
hree rea numbers
humn

method, find
three vea smal
Uinlagrange
Lagrange mwiplierr
the sum of whot
quaes
s quares
is as

whose Sum is 24 and

such h
that
at
as posrible sueh
7,y,z
al numberr
ind three potsible.
ible.
w e need to small ar Poff
and 4y422 i as
24
*+y+z-
t72
g y , 2)
=

2) - 0 ,.
g(,9, 2
and
Let ft,y, 2) =
7*+t+ z2 the
to
o nntt
h ha
aiin
ntt g(,9,
Subject
Subjet to
minimize
f
We hawe to ueh that
2 Aueh
find ,y,2,
we
For tbis, and («,9,7) =0
a(i+j+ k)
0g> (2) +(ay)+ tzz)f
Vf-
A
2
2y
2z
we get
ge
Subshi tuing 1-y-z in gly, 2)-0,
=8
24 smallest
4+1-2y 0 3 and
and he
thhe
smallest

numbers are
are 8,8
8,8,8
8,
64+
+ 6y 19
6y 1 92
So, the required
i
is88+++ 4 6 4+6
8= 64
um of square
posrihle
() Consider
der he funetion fx,y)*'+y'4 2y-X- y+l over the

Square o47 and 04y1. the linDe

ay hOthal
Show tha has an abrolute minumum olong
aJong
abrolute
abrolule
is the
Segment274
24 2y-1
24 in thir square. whal

minimum value ? the square

6) Find uhe abcolule marimum vaJue of f over

f(,y)- '+y4 24y- 1-9+

2421424 and y+21-1

(9) such that 1o2y1.

Critieal poinds are

Alo
Hlong the lune 2142y =!,we
bave

ty) #l1, 2)
--(1-24)+1
X (14 uay1)+ «(1-2a)
+1
4- 24-x-+
X y2 «
+ (-+1
= (*+a2xt) +(-d41 -1+1)
tonstant
onstant
vaJue o f f
is aa
the
Along the line 21 42y =1, the ck
NoW, w e
w d
tritcal points
all he
Lontalns
This line
point
on the boundary
fl4,o): X*+040-1-041
~ z-x
$o, f(4y)
=

have y-0
Along
Along O, we
at
valuer a
valutr boundary
t bound ary
have exreme
*-. 1Thir tan
hlx)= o
in fo,
fo,)
hx)= where
Le intercor polntr
1=1 or at
d=0,
pointis
1 =
(,0)
C,o)
h 21-k0
(o,0), (,
(o,o), o) and
(G,o)
the point
have
So, we
tt,o)-
flo,o)= I 4to) 1+9+2y-ty+1 24+)-1
1. So, f , 9 ) -f0,9):
have Ty=|
Along Aa, we
vaues aa boun dary
boundary pon[r
PoLor y=0
y 0Ty=|
have exreme
Thic t an
Can point as h(9)=0 is not psrible
This any
interior
So, we have he
poinls C,0) and (,1
f0,0)- r and
f,1) 41 3 1=27*'

Alona
Let
D, we have y 1. So, ft,y) f(d1)= *414
2d-X-I+
-

b4) 9*41. a)-o * not porrible and d=| |

O
hta) tan haue exheme valuer a hounday pointe
So, h() f (o,1
of fo
So, we have the pointe (,1) and (o,)
*'
1,1) 3 and fto,1) 0 + f + o - 0 - y + I
Y-

f(d,y)- fto, y)=

Along
O OC, we have ro. So,
y-I+0 9 * h
LOt hly)- y-y+1. 1hen h/4)-o y ,9
houndary pointr
pointr
exheme valuec at houndary
tan tan have
of the inkrva to
(o,)
at tntertor point -h and (o,0)
(0,0)
haue the pointr to,), (o, )
So, we
and fto, o (o,)
f(o,1)=, f(o) o , 1 ) ( )

11)
(1,0)
Pointr (,4) Along
2+ 2y-
(o,0
3

C4) the
the
f arrumer
amumtr

the
the fun t i o n f
f t u ntion

2142y-1,
the line
aAlong
lon9
value
absolute minimum vaue and
and &he
the point
33
value
vaJue o
of f is
ff
maximum
abrolute
bThe
)The
,1
ist,
is 1).
oF absolute mar imum
 lo the
to
(6) Find the minimum distante om the tone
-iy
Point 6,4,0) I giuen by
oln Distane ol (,, 2) om the point
6,4,0)

y'+16- 8y 7°
4

z (746 + 1nd +

V 6-7)'(u-y to-
4 52)
( x y ' 4 124-8y '44, then we

the tne
fthe point (,y, 2) lies on
4 52)
rwrde the above exprertion ar (21'124412-8y

bsubstitding z-x'+y°)
Let fxy) = 2a+ 2+ 28y
4 52.
dirtanu
hom
hom
66,9,0
9,),
minimum
minimum

cone at f ( , y ) m minumun
i n n u m .

on the is
lo find
find the poit
uth that
f(,y)
find (xy) X - 3

en0 ugh to
i s enough yx+12 0 »

4+ 12 0 Uy-8 o J 2
f
yo the
the
fun tion
fun thion
-3,2). for
4-8 3 ,2). 16>o

critica poin . y -o .
a fxy
f1u yy
haue
have
We
We
f , , >o
ay=o >o
fy 4; and
4 00 and local m inimum
minimum
at
(asyfay) loceal
t e n t f h a r
a
f-3,2) 2(9)4 2(
2 (9
u))-
- 3
3 6
6 --
1 6+
6 45
522

derivalwe
tert f3,2):
2(9)+

i
So, by Second m i n i m u m
vaJue
26
and the
-3,2)
have z94 -13
we edosest
closest to he
t» the
and y-2,
For
-3 Z4y
For on
on the
Cone
t one

point and the requred

he
the
There fore
i (-3, 2,13)
t6,9,0)
point V
distante
is
is 262
minimum
) Kepresent the follouwing in artertan orm:
a) - o' tos 20 b (141- 27- 0 4 RinO oro Teos(0-) -2
Y - 8Y ( Lor0-4 Sin 0) +15-0.
drsin Jnridoto0
toordinaln
tauadions relading polar and Carterlan

tane
X- cOse,

- a cos2e a' (tos'o- kn'o)

Multiplying w cth ,
we g
a (os'e 1'sin o)
-

we et

Subs tituling 4 y , rote -1,

o y) a'(-y)|
tos8
(7+1) 27- e + in
2r- 6
+ ine tore
+ 2r41 =

cose
41 =- 6 + Stn

rn0-J,
Tose =
7, twe
gek
e- tas'(),
Substitutiog -t4,

y' 41tai"()
T o r( - ) - 2

to +sine sin)=2
7(toe.
TOse. +7sine 2
2

+rine
4
V3 TCose we
too get
get
1 and rine-,
in0 },
Substituin rLose -

4y-4
 Ysine - Jnr Jn tos e
YSine- Jn(vcoxo) :Jna Jnh-Jnfah)
Substitding Ytos * and inO - y we ge

y Inx

8r (S Lor 0 +Sin 0) + 15 0

8Vs (7ore) 8(7sin 0) + 15-0i n 0 ,

-

we
get
and
and
Subs tituding 4y*, rcose- 1

83 -y4150
paramehie
ir w
which
point to the
tu
( (a Find the stationary
and y- t-66
for m
form : t 4 y fxy)= 27+ y,
tun tio
the fundon
valuer fov to
f r
or m=0
Find ereme 2sint
X= 2 ost, Y:
parameic
egualons
uting isthe point (y)
(,9)
eumve
f(x)
to a
om (a Stationary point
which Y=o
at
d yt 2t

66 dy2t-6
dy
2-6
dy
dy
da yt3-2t
t =3
2t-6 - 0
d o 2t-6-0
yt-2t
d +9 = 76
81
have
AE t-3, we
9- 1 S - 9

i (76,-9)
i (76 ,-9)
Staluonary po int
 b Criven
gIven f(x,y)» 2'+y* and 2tost, : 2 int-

df3f
dt
d
4
dy

C2Lost)
1(-2 sint) + (2y)
tost)
(2ost) (-2sin t)
+ 2 (2 cint) (2
=

-8 (2 sint cost) + 4 (2sint ost)

4 in2t
, n E2
2t n t
di -o -4&in2t =0
dt , né
Z2
exremum
are akt "
The
The points of
0 and for n=1, t-
t
For
For n-0, t (49) - (2,0)
y=2 in0
=

2 and
tas 0 =
(o,
( a,9) = *)
2
t =0 X
y:2in2
0 and
X: 2ws
C (2,0)
and
and C0,2).
(o 2) l40)= 8
are
The point 4
and
t o , 2)
=

are
flo,
values
EXemne

point , 2, 2)
plane through the
uaton of the irst
the
in the irst oclont
oclant.
() Find the possible
volume
Smallest
off the
thak
thak cu irst
fist oetant
octant C
the
bound ed by
oln: The igure Pyramid
whose
whose base
bare
isa
and plane a
bby
fts volume
is gven
is a iangle. the
area of he
where is

h i the height
height.
and
base
the andz tnfercepl
Ler a,b,ebe
plane respecfwely. the form
of the 2.
of the of
has an eqadion
Then the
tbe plane and h= e
Area f AoAS a.b ab
Here
Here A
The plane has to pasr through he (1,2, 2)
poin
b
We neod to minimize the volume V(a,b, c)- abe Sukje
tothe tonshals* gtab,t) 0
For this, we wd) tind a,b,c, 3 tuth tha

V a and ga,b,e)-o.

abe 2 -2h ahG

as + O.
2a- b= c
Ca,be)-0, u ge
Subsituhing b=t-2a

a 3

b c =6

a =3, b 6, C 6. in the hrst otant

volume

pane that cutr off the smalles

The
is 1 to 2 +y+z =6
V3,6,4)= =18
volume ir
smalest
The tmallert
 ab +o
Show that the polar equalion T=asine 4btose,were
radius and
Center
Cnter
Yepresentr aa ircle and tind r

Coln: Given polar

CGiven equadion Y a tine
is s

we get
Mulbplying by o n hoth sides,
T arine brcor
,7co0-1 ,
we
ge
-4, sine - y
Substitudeng
4-ay +bz
bz +y-ay
s-2(i)y-o
-() x +

(Compleling the squarer

(3+(s-) eircle, tantered

tuntered
at
irde,
of
of aa
equalion
This is the (carterian)
( gw
, ith radiur a