Theorist: Faye Glenn Abdellah

TWENTY-ONE who is fay glenn

abdellah?

NURSING PROBLEMS
THEORY OF what are the
nursimh problem?

NURSING

about the theorist

Faye Glenn Abdellah was an American pioneer in nursing

research who developed the "21 NURSING PROBLEMS"
First woman to serve as Deputy Surgeon General of the
United States.
She is a nurse theorist, military nurse, and a leader in
ursing research.
Helped change the profession's focus from a disease-
centered approach to a patient-centered approach.
She believe that a evidence-based practice on scientific
data has a great impact in nursing research.
 1919 1973 1942
SHE WANTED TO BE FINISHED HER
IN MARCH 13, BASIC NURSING
A NURSE AFTER SHE
1919, SHE WAS SAW THE EDUCATION IN
BORN IN NEW GINDENBURGE FITKIN MEMORIAL
YORK CITY, EXPLOSION HOSPITAL SCHOOL
IN NURSING

1955 1960 2000

OBTAINED HER INFLUENCED BY
INDUCTED INTO
DOCTOR OF THE DESIRE TO
THE US NATIONAL
EDUCATION FROM PROMOTE CLIENT
WOMEN'S HALL OF
THE TEACHERS CENTERED ALL -
FAME.
COLLEGE, COLUMBIA INCLUSIVE
UNIVERSITY NURSING CARE

Major concept of 21 nursing

problems theory

ABDELLAH'S THEORY PROPOSES

THAT NURSING IS THE UTILIZATION
OF THE PROBLEM-SOLVING
TECHNIQUES WITH CHIEF NURSING
PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE HEALTH
REQUIRMENTS CLIENTS.
 M ajor concept of
ABDELLAH'S USAGE OF THE TERMS
NURSING PROBLEMS IS MORE IN
2 1 nursing TUNE WITH "NURSING GOALS" AND

problems the ory

"NURSING FUNCTIONS" THAT
CLIENTS CENTERES PROBLEMS

A. Nursing
Problem
SHE REFOCUSED THE ROLE OF THE NURSE FROM
HEALTH NEEDS ARE SEEN AS PROBLEMS THE DISEASE ORIENTATION BUT
WHICH MAY BE: MAINTAINING TRHE CLIENT AS THE MAIN
-OVERT WHICH IS OBVIOUS OR CAN-BE- CONCERN. THE NEEDS OF PATIENTS:
SEEN CONDITION I.BASIC TO ALL PATIENTS
- COVERT WHICH IS AN UNSEEN OR MASKES 2. SUSTENAL CARE NEEDS.
ONE 3. REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS
4.RESTORATIVE CARE NEEDS

 Major concept of
21 nursing
pr oblem s theory
B. nursing problem
"The practice of competent nursing
care in the future is for the nursing
student to realize that identifying and
answering overt and covert nursing
problems is the core of nursing
These requirments can be met by
the problems solving process
Problem Solving Process:
1.Identifying the problems
2.Selecting relevant data
3.Devising hyphothesis
4. Testing hypothesis through assortment data
5. Revising hypothesis when necessary
21 nursing problems
3 major categories

1. Physical, social, logical and emotional needs of patients

2. Types of interpersonal relationships between the nurse
and patient
3. Common elements of patient care
 BASIC TO ALL PATIENTS
THE
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
21 NURSING
PROBLEMS
01 TO MAINTAIN GOOD HYGIENE AND
PHYSICAL COMFORT

02
TO PROMOTE OPTIMAL
ACTIVITY: EXERCISE, REST AND
SLEEP

03
TO PROMOTE SAFETY THROUGH PREVENTION
OF ACCIDENT, INJURY, OR OTHER TRAUMA
AND PREVENTION OF TOE SPREAD OF
INFECTION

04 TO MAINTAIN GOOD BODY

MECHANICS AND PREVENT AND
CORRECT DEFORMITY.
 SUSTENAL CARE NEEDS
THE
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
21 NURSING
PROBLEMS
05 TO FACILITATE MAINTANCE OF SUPPLY
OF OXYGEN TO ALL BODY CELL

06
TO FACILITATE MAINTAINANCE
OF NUTRITION FOR ALL BODY
CELL

07
TO FACILITATE THE MAINTENANCE OF
ELIMINATION

08 TO FACILITATE THE MAINTAINANCE

OF FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE
BALANCE.
 SUSTENAL CARE NEEDS
THE
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
21 NURSING
PROBLEMS
09 TO BALANCE THE PHYSIOLOGICAL
RESPONSES 9OF THE BODY TO DISEASE
AND FUNCTION

10
TO FACILITATE MAINTAINANCE
OF REGULATORY MACHANISM
AND FUNCTIONS

11 TO FACILITATE THE MAINTENANCE OF

SENSORY FUNCTIONS
 REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS
THE
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
21 NURSING
PROBLEMS
12 TO IDENTIFY AND ACCEPT POSITIVE
AND NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS,
FEELINGS AND REACTIONS

13
TO IDENTIFY AND ACCEPT
INTERRELATEDNESS OF EMOTIONS
AND ORGANIC ILLNESS

14
TO FACILITATE THE MAINTAINANCE OF
EFFECTIVE VERBAL AND NONVERBAL
COMMUNICATION

15
TO PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF
PRODUCTIVE INTERPERSONAL
RELATIONSHIP.
 REMEDIAL CARE NEEDS
THE
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
16
TO FACILITATE PROGRESS TOWAD
21 NURSING ACHIEVEMENT AND PERSONAL
SPIRITUAL GOALS
PROBLEMS
17 TO CREATE OR MAINTAIN A
THERAPEUTIC ENVIRONMENT.

TO FACILITATE AWARENESS OF THE SELF AS

18 AN INDIVIDUAL WITH VARYING PHYSICAL,

ENOTIONAL AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS
 RESTORATION CARE
THE NEEDS
CLASSIFICATIONS OF
19
TO ACCEPT OPTIMUM POSSIBLE GOALS
21 NURSING IN THE LIGHT OF LIMITATIONS,
PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL
PROBLEMS
20 TO USE COMMUNITY RESOURCES AS
AN AID IN RESOLVING PROBLEMS
THAT ARISE FROM ILLNESS

TO UNDERSTAND THE ROLE OF SOCIAL

21 PROBLEMS AS INFLUENCING FACTORS IN

THE CAUSE OF THE ILLNESS
Problem solving
THE PROBLEM SOLVING PROCESS INVOLVES IDENTIFYING THE
PROBLEMS. SELECTING PERTINENT DATA, FORMULATING
HYPOTYHESIS, TESTING HYPOTHESIS THOUGH THE COLLECTION OF
DATA, AND REVISING HYPOTHESIS WHERE NECESARRY ON THE
BASIS OF CONCLUSION OBTAINED FROM THE DATA
metaparadigm of the
theory
ABDELLAH CONSIDERS NURSING AS AN ART AND A SCIENCE
THAT MOLD THE ATTITUDES, INTELLECTUAL COMPENTENCIES
AND TECHNICAL SKILLS OF THE IVIDUAL INTO THE DESIRE AND
ABILITY TO HELP IDUALS COPE WITH THEIR NEEDS WHETHER
YOU'RE SICK OR WELL
 Nursing
An all-inclusive service that is based on the discipline of
art and science that serves individual, sick or well cope
with their health needs
PERSON ENVIRONMENT HEALTH
ABDELLA CLASSIFIES THE AS
BENEFICIARY OF CARE "PLANNING FOR OPTIMUM CONCEPT OF HEALTH THE CENTER
INDIVIDUALS THE 21 NURSING HEALTH ON LOCAL, STATE AND PURPOSE OF NURSING
PROBLEMS RELATED WITH AND NATIONAL, AND SERVICES SHE SPEACKS TO A
BIOLOGICAL, INTERNATIONAL LEVELS" THE TOTAL HEALTH NEED A HEALTHY
PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIAL APEX (CORE) OF NURSING STATE OF MIND AND BODY
ASPECTS OF INDIVIDUALS THAT SERVICE IS THE INDIVIDUAL

CORRESPOND TO CONCEPTS OF
importantance
USE OF 21 PROBLEMS IN
THE NURSING PRACTICE
ASSESMENT PHASE
A PRACTICE UNDERLYING THE
PROBLEM SOLVING
APPROACH IS THAT FOR EACH
IDENTIFIED PROBLMES,
PERTINENT DATA ARE
COLLECTED
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
THE RESULT OF DATA
COLLECTION WOULD
DETERMINE THE CLIENT'S
SPECIFIC OVERT OR COVERT
PROBLEMS
PLANNING PHASE
THE STATEMENT OF NURSING
PROBLEMS MOST CLOSELY
+RESEMBLE GOAL STATEMENTS
THEREFOR, ONCE THE PROBLEM
HAS BEEN DIAGNOSED, THE
GOAL HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED
IMPLEMENTATION
USING THE GOALS AS THE
FREMEWORKS, A PLAN IS
DEVELOPED AND APPROPRIATE
NURSING INTERVENTIONS AND
DETERMINED.
 EVALUATION
THIS WOULD BE EXTREMELY
DIFFICULT IF NOT IMPOSSIBLE
TO DO FOR ABDELLAH'S NURSING
PROBLEM APPOACH SINCE IT HAS
BEEN DETERMINED THAT THE
GOALS ARE NURSING GOALS,
NOT THE CLIENT'S GOAL
 ABDELLAH'S TYPOLOGY OF

21 NURSING PROBLEMS

MODEL IS A CONCEPTUAL MODEL

MAINLY CONCERNED WITH

PATIENT'S NEEDS AND THE

ROLE OF NURSE IN PROBLEM

IDENTIFICATION USING A

PROBLEM ANALYSIS APPROACH

 accepting by
community practices
ABDELLAH'S TYPOGRAPHY HELPS
NURSES AND NURSING STUDENTS
PERFORM IN A SCIENTIFIC AND
SYSTEMATIC WAY
- USING THIS SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATION
WILL EMPOWER THE NURSE TO GIVE
MEANING TO EACH AND EVERY NURSING
ACTION THAT HE OR SHE WILL PERFORM -
THE CLINICAL PRACTITIONER COULD
ASSESS THE PATIENT MAKE A NURSING
DIAGNOSIS AND PLAN INTERVENTION. -
USING THE TYPOLOGY IN THE CLINICAL
SETTING, NURSES WILL NOW GIVE THEIR
WORK AN EMPIRICAL BASIS.
 accepting by
community education

REVISION ARE OF PRIME

IMPORTANCE OF NURSES WERE TO
BECOME SELF GOVERNING
-THE BIGGEST FLAW IN THE
PROFESSION WAS THE ABSENCES OF
LIMITED BASE OF SCIENTIFIC BODY OF
KNOWLEDGE
-THE TYPOLOGY GAVE THE MOST
CRUCIAL AND TIMELY OPPORTUNITY
TO MOVE AWAY FROM THE MEDICAL
REPLICA OF CULTIVATING NURSES.
 accepting by
community research
N 1965, ABDELLAH AND LEVINE
RELEASED THE FIRST MAJOR
TEXTBOOK IN NURSING RESEARCH
ENTITLED BETTER PATIENT CARE
THROUGH NURSING RESEARCH
CLINICAL SETTINGS. THE STAFFING PATTERS
- THE TYPOLOGY BECAME THE ROOT FOR
CULTIVATING THE NURSING CARE MODEL
AND WAS THE STAFFING OUTLINE IN
WERE FOUND ON THE CLIENTS IDENTIFIED
NEEDS. THEY COMPRISE OF:
1.INTENSIVE CARE
2.INTERMEDIATE CARE
3LONGP-TERM CARE
4 SELF-CARE SHOME-CARE UNITS
 simplicity generality
THE TYPOLOGY IS THE TYPOLOGYARE
COLLECTIVE AND
STRAIGHTFORWARD
ASSOCIATED TO NEITHER
AND IT IS PRACTICAL THE NOR ENVIRONMENT. THE
TO USE AMONG GOALS OF THIS TYPOLOGY
CLIENTS. ARE SUITED FOR NURSING.

analyzing/
evaluation emprical DERIVABLE
precision CONSEQUENCES
THE CONCEPTS ARE THE IMPORTANCE ON
EXACT WITH EMPIRICAL PROBLEM. SOLVING IS NOT
RESTRICTED BY TIME OR
REFERENTS THAT ARE
SPACE AND GETS AWAY
EASILY RECOGNIZE AND
FOR CONTINUAL GROWTH
ARE INCLUSIVE OF THE AND SERVICE FOR
FIELD PF NURSING. NURSING CARE.
 summary
summary
THE TWENTY-ONE NURSING PROBLEMS THEORY WAS DEVELOPED BY FAYE GLENN
ABDELLAH. HER MODEL OF NURSING WAS PROGRESSIVE FOR THE TIME IN THAT IT
REFERS TO A NURSING DIAGNOSIS DURING A TIME WHICH NURSES WERE A TAUGHT
THAT DIAGNOSES ARE NOT PART OF THEIR ROLE IN IN HEALTH CARE. THERE ARE
SPECIFIC CHARACTERISTIC IDENTIFIABLE IN THE TWENTY-ONE NURSING
PROBLEMS. THE THEORY HAS INTERRELATED THE CONCEPT OF HEALTH, NURSES
PROBLEM, AND PROBLEM SOLVING. PROBLEM SOLVING IS AN ACTIVITY THAT IS
INHERENTLY LOGICAL IN NATURE. THE FRAMEWORK FOCUSES ON NURSING
PRACTICE AND INDIVIDUAL PATIENTS.
We cannot wait for the world to change.
Those of us with intelligence purpose and
vision must take the lead and change the
world."
FAYE GLENN ABDELLAH