DESIGN INPUT DATA :

(a) Canal

(i) Full supply discharge of canal 30 Cumec

(ii) Bed width of canal 23 m
(iii) Full supply depth of canal 1.7 m
(iv) Bed level of canal (C.B.L.) at D/S 230 m
(v) Side slope of canal (s) 1.5 :1
(vi) Free board of canal 0.3 m

(b) Flume

(i) Full supply discharge of canal 30 cumec

(ii) Bed width of Flume 11 m
(iii) Manning 0.016 m
(iv) Length 133.5 m
(v) k1 0.1
(vi) k2 0.2
HYDRAULIC DESIGN :

(3) Head loss and bed levels at different sections :

Top Width of canal = 28.10 m

Provide 2 in 1splay in contraction and 3 in 1 splay in expansion transition
Length of contraction transition = = 17.1 m

Length of expansion transition = = 25.65 m

1 2 3 4

Canal
23.0 11.00 23.0

17.10 133.50 25.65

1 2 3 4

Canal waterway

At section 4-4
Area of section = 43.44 Sq.m.
(Normal channel section)
Velocity = Q/A = 0.691 m/sec
2
Velocity head V /2g = 0.0243 m
R.L. of bed = 230.00 m (given)
R.L. of water surface 230.00 + 1.7
= 231.70 m
R.L. of T.E.L. = 231.70 + 0.0243
= 231.724 m

At section 3-3

Provide water depth equal to 1.70 m

Area of flume = 18.70 Sq.m.

Velocity = Q/A = 1.604 m/sec

Velocity head = V2/2g = 0.131 m
Loss of head in expansion from section 3-3 to section 4-4
= 0.2 (V22 - V12) /2g
= 0.021 m
Hence elevation of T.E.L. at section 3-3
= 231.724 + 0.021
= 231.746 m
R.L. of water surface = 231.746 - 0.131
= 231.615 m
R.L. of bed = 231.615 - 1.70
= 229.915 m
At section 2-2
P = 14.4
R = 1.29861
Sf = 0.00047
hl = 0.06208
R.L. of T.E.L. = T.E.L. at section 3-3 + head loss through flume
= 231.746 + 0.062
 = 231.808 m
R.L.of water surface = R.L. of T.E.L. - Velocity head at section 3-3
= 231.808 - 0.131
= 231.677 m
R.L. of bed = 231.677 - 1.70
= 229.977 m

At section 1-1

Loss of head in contraction transition from section 1-1 to section 2-2

= 0.1 (V22 - V12) /2g
= 0.011 m
R.L. of T.E.L. = T.E.L. at section 2-2 + head loss in contraction transition
= 231.808 + 0.011
= 231.82 m
R.L. of water surface = 231.82 - 0.024
= 231.79 m
R.L. of bed = 231.79 - 1.70
= 230.09 m

Transitions

(4) The general method of Hinds shall be applied for designing the transitions, as the water depths in
the transitions vary from 1.70 m to 1.70 m

(a) Contraction transition

w.s.profile
1
R.L. 231.79 2
y1 = 0.059

x1= 8.55 R.L. 231.68

1
17.10 2
(All dim in m)
Contraction transition
 Water level at section 1-1 - Water level at section 2-2
y1 =
2
231.79 - 231.68
=
2
= 0.0588

Length of contraction transition

x1 =
2
17.10
=
2
= 8.55 m

y1 0.059
C = = = 0.00080
x12 73.103

2
y = 0.00080 x (equation of water surface profile in contraction transition)
The details of the contraction transition have been worked out in Table 1

(b) Expansion transition

w.s.profile 4

3 R.L. 231.70
y1 = 0.043

R.L. 231.61
x1= 12.825
25.65 4
3
Expansion transition

Water level at section 4-4 - Water level at section 3-3

y1 =
2
231.70 - 231.61
=
2
= 0.0427 m

Length of expansion transition

x1 =
2
25.65
=
2
= 12.825 m
Hence,
y1 0.0427
C = 2 = = 0.00026
x1 164.48

y = 0.00026 x2 (equation of water surface profile in expansion transition )

The details of expansion transition have been worked out in Table 1

Table 1
Sta Δy′=cx2 Δhv hv V A 0∙5T 0∙5b y R Sf Δhf Σ Δhf Z Z0 Side ZL HL 0∙5W0∙5W
m m m m m/s m2 m m m m m m m m Slope m m m m
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
From section 1-1 to 2-2 CONTRACTION TRANSITION
0 0.0000 0.000 0.024 0.691 43.435 14.050 11.500 1.7000 1.05 0.000113 0 231.794 230.09 1.50 232.10 2.01 14.51 14.55
4.275 0.0147 0.013 0.038 0.860 34.899 11.141 9.212 1.7147 1.06 0.000176 0.00062 0.00054 231.779 230.06 1.13 232.08 2.02 11.48 11.50
8.55 0.0588 0.053 0.078 1.235 24.295 7.783 6.508 1.7000 1.04 0.000369 0.00116 0.00171 231.734 230.03 0.75 232.04 2.01 8.01 8.10
12.825 0.1028 0.093 0.118 1.520 19.736 6.171 5.539 1.6853 0.99 0.000596 0.00206 0.00377 231.688 230.00 0.38 231.99 1.99 6.29 6.30
17.1 0.1175 0.107 0.131 1.604 18.705 5.501 5.501 1.7000 0.95 0.000706 0.00278 0.00655 231.670 230.00 0.00 231.98 1.98 5.50 5.50
From section 3-3 to 4-4 EXPANSION TRANSITION
0 0.0000 0.000 0.131 1.604 18.700 5.500 5.500 1.7000 0.95 0.000559 0 231.615 229.91 0.00 231.92 2.01 5.50 5.50
4 0.0042 0.005 0.104 1.426 21.034 7.115 5.192 1.7092 1.13 0.000442 0.002 0.00054 231.619 229.91 1.13 231.92 2.01 7.46 7.50
8 0.0166 0.021 0.099 1.390 21.582 6.952 5.669 1.7100 1.06 0.000456 0.0018 0.00234 231.634 229.92 0.75 231.94 2.02 7.18 7.20
12.825 0.0427 0.053 0.078 1.235 24.296 8.102 6.190 1.7000 1.10 0.000345 0.00193 0.00427 231.662 229.96 1.13 231.97 2.01 8.45 8.50
25.65 0.1709 0.214 0.024 0.691 43.435 14.050 11.500 1.7000 1.05 0.000114 0.00294 0.00722 231.793 230.00 1.50 232.10 2.10 14.65 14.55