Munka, foglalkozás – A1–C2 (310)

1. Állás, alkalmazás (90)

1. Álláshely, álláskeresés (30)
apply verb /əˈplaɪ/ 1 kérvényez vmit, folyamodik vmiért, megpályáz vmit [I]
By the time I saw the job advertised it was already too late to apply.
I've applied for a job there.
Please apply in writing to the address below.
employ verb /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ [T] 1 alkalmaz vkit (munkahelyen)
How many people does your company employ?
Can't we employ someone as an assistant to help with all this paperwork?
We've employed a market researcher to find out what people really want from a cable TV
system.
More people are now employed in service industries than in manufacturing.
fill verb /fɪl/ 4 betölt (állást) [T]
I'm sorry, the job/position/post/vacancy has already been filled.
We would prefer to fill the position with a recent graduate.
hire verb /haɪər/ [T] 2 alkalmaz vkit, felfogad vkit [often passive]
I was hired by the first company I applied to.
We ought to hire a public relations consultant to help improve our image.
interview verb /ˈɪn.tə.vjuː/ [T] meginterjúvol vkit (sajtóban); felvételi beszélgetést folytat
vkivel
We've had 200 applicants for the job, but we only plan to interview about 20 of them.
Who's the most famous person you've ever interviewed on TV?
recruit verb /rɪˈkruːt/ toboroz (munkaerőt, katonát, stb.)
We're having difficulty recruiting enough qualified staff.
reject verb /rɪˈdʒekt/ [T] 2 elutasít (jelentkezést) (állásra, iskolába, stb.)
She applied to Cambridge University but was rejected.
He applied for a job as a chef, but he was rejected.
application noun /ˌæp.lɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ 1 pályázat, kérelem [C]
a letter of application
I've sent off applications for four different jobs.
Have you filled in the application form for your passport yet?
candidate noun /ˈkæn.dɪ.dət/ [C] 2 jelölt, pályázó (választáson, állásra)
There are three candidates standing in the election.
CV noun /ˌsiːˈviː/ [C] önéletrajz (röv.)
Send me your CV.
employee noun /ɪm.plɔɪˈiː/ [C] alkalmazott
a government employee
The firm has over 1000 employees.
employer noun /ɪmˈplɔɪ.ər/ [C] munkaadó
We need a reference from your former employer.
employment noun /ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ [U] alkalmazás; állás (munka)
full-time/part-time/temporary/permanent/regular employment
Employment levels are unlikely to rise significantly before the end of next year.
It's not easy to find employment in the countryside.
interview noun /ˈɪn.tə.vjuː/ [C] 1 interjú, felvételi beszélgetés (állás, továbbtanulás)
a job interview
I had an interview for a job with a publishing firm.
job noun /dʒɒb/ 1 állás (munkahely) [C]
Oldal 1 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 a full-time/part-time/temporary/permanent job
a badly-paid/well-paid job
When she left college, she got a job as an editor in a publishing company.
She's applied for a job with an insurance company.
Hundreds of workers could lose their jobs.
opportunity noun /ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nə.ti/ 2 lehetőség, álláslehetőség [C usually plural]
employment/job opportunities
opportunities for young graduates
There are far more opportunities now for school leavers than there were fifty years ago.
position noun /pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ 6 állás (munkahely) [C] (formal)
She applied for a position in the firm that I work for.
post noun /pəʊst/ 3 állás (álláshely) [C]
Teaching posts are advertised in Tuesday's edition of the paper.
She's held the post for thirteen years.
They have several vacant posts.
profile noun /ˈprəʊ.faɪl/ [C] 1 (rövid) leírás vkiről/vmiről
a job profile
We include a photograph and short profile of all the candidates.
qualification noun /ˌkwɒl.ɪ.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ 3 alkalmassági követelmény/előírás [C often plural]
The main qualification for this job is the ability to get on with people.
recruitment noun /rɪˈkruːt.mənt/ [U] toborzás (munkahelyre, katonasághoz, stb.)
The recession has forced a lot of companies to cut down on staff recruitment.
reference noun /ˈref.ər.ənts/ 2 ajánlólevél [C]
My old headteacher said he would write/give me a reference.
rejection noun /rɪˈdʒek.ʃən/ 2 elutasítás (jelentkezésé) (állásra, iskolába, stb.) [C]
I've sent off ten applications but I've only had rejections so far.
vacancy noun /ˈveɪ.kən.si/ [C] 1 üresedés (betöltendő állás)
Tell me if you hear of any vacancies for secretaries.
work noun /wɜːk/ 2 munka (állás, foglalkozás) [U]
Has she got any work yet?
Many young people are out of work.
vacant adjective /ˈveɪ.kənt/ 2 üres, megüresedett (munkahely, állás)
The assistant marketing post is vacant - why don't you apply?
Phrasal verbs:
take on ↔ sb /teɪk/ felvesz munkára vkit, alkalmaz vkit
She was taken on as a laboratory assistant.
Phrases and idioms:
hold down a job megtart egy állást
It's difficult for mothers to hold down a full-time job.
steady job/work stabil/megbízható állás/munkahely
I wish he'd get a steady job.
the labour market munkaerőpiac
More women have entered the labour market in recent years.

2. Munkaidő (18)
commute verb /kəˈmjuːt/ [I] ingázik, bejár (naponta utazik a lakóhely és egy távolabbi
munkahely között)
He commutes to London every day.
day noun /deɪ/ 3 nap, munkanap [C]
a normal working day

Oldal 2 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 I work a seven-hour day.
We're having to work a six-day week to cope with demand.
She's at home today - she's having a day off.
I must get some sleep - I've got a big day tomorrow.
leave noun /liːv/ szabadság (munkahelyről) [U]
How much annual/paid leave do you get?
She's (gone) on leave.
I've asked if I can take a week's unpaid leave.
overtime noun /ˈəʊ.və.taɪm/ [U] túlóra; túlórázás; túlóradíj
unpaid overtime
service noun /ˈsɜː.vɪs/ 6 szolgálat, munkaviszony [U]
He retired last week after 25 years' service.
shift noun /ʃɪft/ 1 műszak (munkaidő/munkások) [C + singular or plural verb]
As the night shift leave/leaves, the day shift arrive/arrives.
Are you on the night shift or the day shift ?
casual adjective /ˈkæʒ.ju.əl/ 3 alkalmi (pl. munka) [always before noun]
casual labour/workers
full-time adjective, adverb /ˌfʊlˈtaɪm/ teljes munkaidős/munkaidőben
a full-time job
Most children in the UK remain in full-time education until they are at least 16 years old.
She went back to work full-time when her youngest child went to school.
part-time adjective, adverb /ˌpɑːtˈtaɪm/ részmunkaidős, félállású; részmunkaidőben,
félállásban
a part-time job
He works part-time as a waiter.
off adverb /ɒf/ 1 nincs jelen, távol van (munkahelyről, iskolából)
I had six months off after my son was born.
I'm going to take/have some time off to work on my house.
She was off sick last week.
Phrasal verbs:
take off ↔ sth /teɪk/ 2 kivesz (szabadságot)
He took off two weeks in September.
Phrases and idioms:
burn the midnight oil késő éjszakáig dolgozik
I had to burn the midnight oil to get the essay finished.
call in sick telefonon beteget jelent (munkahelyre)
Three people called in sick this morning.
in attendance ügyeletben/szolgálatban (formal)
They have doctors in attendance at every match.
off duty szolgálaton kívül (nem dolgozik)
What time are you off duty tomorrow?
on duty ügyeletes, szolgálatban
What time are you on duty tomorrow?
on the side mellékesen dolgozik még vhol (a főállás mellett)
She does a bit of bar work on the side.
on/off duty ügyeletes, szolgálatban/szolgálaton kívül (orvos, katona, stb.)
What time are you off/on duty tomorrow?

3. Fizetés, juttatások (17)

earn verb /ɜːn/ 1 keres (pénzt) [I or T]

Oldal 3 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 She earns more than £50,000 a year.
How much do you earn, if you don't mind me asking?
make verb /meɪk/ [T] *(made, made) 5 (pénzt) keres
She makes around £50 000 a year as a doctor.
How do you make a living as a painter?
Both companies have made huge profits/losses.
pay verb /peɪ/ *(paid, paid) 2 fizet, fizetést ad (munkáért) [I or T]
She gets paid twice a month.
Accountancy may be boring but at least it pays well.
Most of these women are very poorly paid and work in terrible conditions.
allowance noun /əˈlaʊ.ənts/ [C] juttatás, pótlék, térítés (rendszeresen kapott pénzjuttatás
vmilyen célra)
a clothing allowance
bonus noun /ˈbəʊ.nəs/ [C] 2 bónusz, jutalom, prémium (pénz a fizetésen felül)
a Christmas bonus
earnings noun /ˈɜː.nɪŋz/ [plural] kereset; (vállalati) nyereség
Average earnings for skilled workers are rising.
expenses noun /ɪkˈspens.ɪz/ [plural] költségek (pl. munkáltató által megtérített
utazási/étkezési/stb. költségek)
travel expenses
They pay us two hundred pounds a week, plus expenses.
pay noun /peɪ/ [U] fizetés (munkáért kapott pénz)
Have you had a pay rise recently?
It's a nice job but the pay is appalling.
perk noun /pɜːk/ [C] mellékes juttatás (béren felüli/természetbeni)
Free child care for preschool children of employees was a popular perk.
rise noun /raɪz/ [C] 2 fizetésemelés
a pay rise
salary noun /ˈsæl.ər.i/ [C or U] (havi fix) fizetés
an annual salary of £20 000
His net monthly salary is £1500.
She's on quite a good/decent salary in her present job.
He took a drop in salary when he changed jobs.
a 10% salary increase
wage noun /weɪdʒ/ [no plural] also: wages bér, munkabér, fizetés
weekly wages
He earns/gets good wages at the factory.
a very low/high wage
the minimum wage
an hourly/daily/weekly wage
gross adjective /grəʊs/ 1 bruttó, nyers (levonások nélküli összeg)
gross earnings/profit
hourly adjective /ˈaʊə.li/ 2 óránkénti, egy órára szóló (tarifa, bér, stb.)
an hourly rate/wage
underpaid adjective /ˌʌn.dəˈpeɪd/ alulfizetett (dolgozó/munka)
Her staff felt they were underpaid.
unpaid adjective /ʌnˈpeɪd/ 2 fizetetlen, nem fizetett/díjazott; fizetség nélkül végzett
unpaid work
well-paid adjective /ˌwelˈpeɪd/ jól fizetett/fizető
a well-paid job

Oldal 4 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 4. Felmondás, munkanélküliség (25)
dismiss verb /dɪˈsmɪs/ [T] 2 elbocsát (munkahelyről) [often passive]
Anyone who breaks company rules will be dismissed.
fire verb /faɪər/ 2 kirúg vkit (a munkahelyéről) [T often passive] (informal)
She was fired after she was caught stealing from her employer.
He was fired from his last job for poor performance.
She has just been fired as editor of the newspaper.
quit verb /kwɪt/ *(quitting, quit, quit) 1 otthagy (munkahelyet); távozik (munkahelyről) [I or
T]
I hated the work so much that I quit.
Would you quit your job if you inherited lots of money?
remove verb /rɪˈmuːv/ [T] 3 elbocsát (munkahelyről) (formal)
He had been removed from his job on medical grounds.
resign verb /rɪˈzaɪn/ [I or T] lemond (álláról, hivatalos pozícióról)
She resigned as headteacher.
Two directors have resigned from the company.
retire verb /rɪˈtaɪər/ [I] nyugdíjba megy; visszavonul (állásból/tisztségből)
She retired from the company in 2007.
He is due to retire as chief executive next year.
sack verb /sæk/ [T] elbocsát, kirúg (munkahelyről)
They sacked her for being late.
He got sacked from his last job.
strike verb /straɪk/ *(struck, struck) 3 sztrájkol [I]
Train drivers are threatening to strike over pay.
dismissal noun /dɪˈsmɪs.əl/ 2 elbocsátás (munkahelyről) [C or U]
a letter of dismissal
She accused her employers of unfair dismissal.
redundancy noun /rɪˈdʌn.dən.si/ munkaerő-felesleg; (munkahelyi) leépítés [C or U]
There have been a lot of redundancies in the mining industry.
resignation noun /ˌrez.ɪgˈneɪ.ʃən/ 1 felmondás, lemondás (állásé) [C or U]
a letter of resignation
I handed in my resignation yesterday.
retirement noun /rɪˈtaɪə.mənt/ [C or U] 1 nyugdíjazás; visszavonulás
Many teachers over the age of 50 are taking early retirement.
What is the normal retirement age in this country?
strike noun /straɪk/ [C or U] sztrájk
The city's bus drivers have been on strike for three weeks.
a teachers' strike
striker noun /ˈstraɪ.kər/ [C] 1 sztrájkoló (munkás)
Managers have threatened to sack the strikers.
turnover noun /ˈtɜːnˌəʊ.vər/ 2 fluktuáció, munkaerő cserélődése [U or no plural]
The high turnover among daycare workers is an ongoing problem.
unemployment noun /ˌʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ [U] munkanélküliség
a rise/fall in unemployment
Unemployment has fallen/risen again for the third month in a row.
redundant adjective /rɪˈdʌn.dənt/ 1 létszám feletti (munkaerő)
Half the workforce has been made redundant because of the decline in sales.
unemployed adjective /ˌʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪd/ munkanélküli
He's been unemployed for over a year.

Oldal 5 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 Phrasal verbs:
lay off ↔ sb /leɪ/ elbocsát (munkahelyről)
Because of falling orders, the company has been forced to lay off several hundred workers.
step down /step/ lemond (egy fontos állásból/pozícióból)
He stepped down as manager of the Italian team.
Phrases and idioms:
hand/give in your notice beadja a felmondását (munkaviszonyt felmond)
I'm planning to hand in my notice tomorrow.
out of a job nincs állása (munkanélküli)
How long have you been out of a job?
out of work nem dolgozik, munkanélküli
I've been out of work for the last six months.
Both she and her husband are out of work.
the sack elbocsátás, kirúgás (munkahelyről)
He got the sack from his last job.
the unemployed a munkanélküliek
We want to get the unemployed back into work.

2. Képzettség, foglalkozás (134)

1. Képzettség (31)
know verb /nəʊ/ *(knew, known) 6 ért vmihez [I or T] also: know about
Do you know about computers?
specialize verb /ˈspeʃ.əl.aɪz/ [I] also UK: specialise szakosodik vmire (termékre,
szakterületre, stb.)
She's hired a lawyer who specializes in divorce cases.
a restaurant that specialises in seafood
I enjoy working in general medicine, but I hope to be able to specialize in the future.
amateur noun /ˈæm.ə.tər/ [C] 2 amatőr, dilettáns (nem hozzáértő) (ember)
I won't be giving them any more work - they're a bunch of amateurs.
competence noun /ˈkɒm.pɪ.tənts/ [U] hozzáértés
Her competence as a teacher is unquestionable.
craft noun /krɑːft/ [C or U] mesterség, szakma
the craft of furniture-making/boat-building
rural/ancient/traditional crafts
expert noun /ˈek.spɜːt/ [C] szakértő, szakember
a computer/gardening/medical expert
He's an expert on Japanese literature.
occupation noun /ˌɒk.jəˈpeɪ.ʃən/ (formal) 1 foglalkozás (munka, hivatás) [C]
You have to give your name, age and occupation on the application form.
profession noun /prəˈfeʃ.ən/ 1 foglalkozás (felsőfokú végzettséghez kötött) [C]
What's your profession?
He's a doctor by profession.
The report notes that forty per cent of lawyers entering the profession are women.
profession noun /prəˈfeʃ.ən/ 2 a szakmabeliek, a szakma [C + singular or plural verb]
The medical profession has expressed concern about the new drug.
professional noun /prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/ [C] 2 értelmiségi, szakember
health professionals
qualification noun /ˌkwɒl.ɪ.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/ 1 képzettség, végzettség [C often plural]
You'll never get a good job if you don't have any qualifications.
Does he have any legal/teaching qualifications?

Oldal 6 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 Requirements for the job include a qualification in nursing.
specialist noun /ˈspeʃ.əl.ɪst/ [C] szakértő, specialista
a software specialist
She's a specialist in modern French literature.
She's a specialist in childhood illnesses.
a leading cancer/eye specialist
trade noun /treɪd/ 2 mesterség, szakma [C or U]
He's a builder by trade.
He left school at 15 to learn a trade.
competent adjective /ˈkɒm.pɪ.tənt/ hozzáértő, szakképzett
a competent teacher/swimmer
I wouldn't say he was brilliant but he is competent at his job.
educated adjective /ˈed.jʊ.keɪ.tɪd/ művelt, képzett
These are all educated, professional people.
expert adjective /ˈek.spɜːt/ [always before noun] szakszerű; tapasztalt
The centre provides expert advice for people with financial problems.
What's your expert opinion?
professional adjective /prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/ 1 hivatásos, profi
a professional footballer/athlete/musician
professional adjective /prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/ 2 szakszerű
a professional attitude
He looks very professional in that suit.
professional adjective /prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/ 3 szakértői [always before noun]
Chris, you're a nurse, so can I ask your professional opinion on bandaging ankles?
You should get some professional advice about your finances.
qualified adjective /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ 1 képesített (tanár, építész, stb.)
a newly qualified teacher
Tim is now a qualified architect.
qualified adjective /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ 2 (megfelelően) képzett, szakavatott
John is really the best qualified to make that decision.
I'm not really qualified to give advice on the subject.
skilled adjective /skɪld/ szakképzett; szak-
a highly skilled photographer
She is highly skilled at dealing with difficult customers.
technical adjective /ˈtek.nɪ.kəl/ 2 szakmai (jártasság, módszer, stb.)
As a dancer she had great technical skill.
unprofessional adjective /ˌʌn.prəˈfeʃ.ən.əl/ szakszerűtlen
an unprofessional attitude
Doctor Rivers was charged with unprofessional conduct and improper use of dangerous
drugs.
unqualified adjective /ʌnˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ szakképzetlen, képesítés nélküli
She was totally unqualified to look after children.
well-educated adjective /ˌwelˈedʒ.ʊ.keɪ.tɪd/ jól képzett
We have some very well-educated employees in the department.
Most of our employees are pretty well educated.
well-qualified adjective /ˌwelˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/ jól kvalifikált/képzett
He seems well-qualified for the job.
as adverb, preposition /æz/ 1 vmiként, mint vmi (állás, munka)
She works as a waitress.
Phrases and idioms:

Oldal 7 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
I am Spanish/a teacher, etc. spanyol/tanár/stb. vagyok (valaki/valami valamilyen/vmi)
I'm tired.
I'm very well, thank you.
Hi, I'm Sylvie.
He's tall.
They aren't German, they're from Austria.
He was six at the time.
They were late.
The film was great.
Her house isn't very big.
up to speed naprakész (a legújabb ismeretek birtokában van)
The course should bring you up to speed with the latest techniques.
what does sb do? mi a foglalkozása?
"What do you do (for a living)?" "I'm a doctor."
What does Antonio do - does he teach?
I don't know what his wife does.

2. Tapasztalat (26)
deputy noun /ˈdep.jə.ti/ [C] helyettes (a legfelső vezető helyettese) (elnöké, igazgatóé, stb.)
the deputy Prime Minister
experience noun /ɪkˈspɪə.ri.ənts/ 1 tapasztalat (gyakorlat) [U]
She has a lot of teaching experience.
You become more confident in your work as you get more experience.
Do you have any experience of working with children?
I know from experience that you can't trust him.
In my experience, people smile back if you smile at them.
master noun /ˈmɑː.stər/ [C] 2 mester (vmiben/vmilyen szakmában)
He was a master of disguise.
skill noun /skɪl/ [C or U] ügyesség, jártasság; képzettség, készség
Ruth had/possessed great writing skills.
I have no skill at/in sewing.
trainee noun /treɪˈniː/ [C] gyakornok, gyakorló (még képzés alatt álló)
a trainee accountant/teacher
trick noun /trɪk/ [C] 3 trükk, fogás (ügyes/hatékony módszer)
What's the trick to getting this chair to fold up?
On page 21, twenty tricks to speed up your beauty routine.
veteran noun /ˈvet.ər.ən/ [C] 2 veterán (régóta dolgozik/csinál már vmit)
a 20-year veteran of BBC news
experienced adjective /ɪkˈspɪə.ri.əntst/ (approving) tapasztalt
an experienced teacher
She is very experienced in marketing.
inexperienced adjective /ˌɪn.ɪkˈspɪə.riː.əntst/ tapasztalatlan
inexperienced pilots
They are young inexperienced parents and need support.
new adjective /njuː/ 4 új, kezdő, járatlan, tapasztalatlan
I'm new to the area.
She's new to the job so you can't expect her to know everything yet.
New staff are given training.
practical adjective /ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl/ 1 gyakorlati (tapasztalati, alkalmazott) (nem elméleti)
Qualifications are important but practical experience is always an advantage.

Oldal 8 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 The service offers young people practical advice on finding a job.
What's the use of theoretical knowledge that has no practical application?
skilful adjective /ˈskɪl.fəl/ 1 ügyes (vki) (jól csinál vmit)
a skilful artist
Police officers have to be skilful drivers.
skilful adjective /ˈskɪl.fəl/ 2 ügyes (ügyes módon csinált)
skilful use of language
Phrases and idioms:
a quick/slow/good, etc. worker gyors/lassú/jó/stb. dolgozó
He's rather a slow worker, but he is very thorough.
a working knowledge of sth gyakorlatban jól használható tudás
She has a working knowledge of German and Russian.
an intimate knowledge/understanding of sth alapos/részletes ismeretekkel rendelkezik
vmiről
He has an intimate knowledge of the area.
at your fingertips a kisujjában van (pl. információ/tudás)
He had all the information needed at his fingertips.
be out of practice kijön a gyakorlatból
I didn't play very well today - I'm out of practice.
do a good/excellent, etc. job jó/kitűnő munkát végez
She did a great job of organizing the event.
get the hang of sth belejön vmibe, kitanulja vminek a csínját-bínját (informal)
I've never used one of these before. - Don't worry, you'll soon get the hang of it.
in safe hands jó kezekben (megbízható embernél)
The project is in safe hands - Jan has lots of experience.
know sth inside out úgy ismeri, mint a tenyerét
He knows the system inside out.
know your stuff jól érti a dolgát (informal)
She's an excellent teacher - she really knows her stuff.
learn/know the ropes tudja/megtanulja vminek a csínját-bínját
I spent a month in the accounts department, learning the ropes.
out of your depth elveszti a talajt a lába alól (átv.) (járatlan egy területen)
When they start talking about philosophy, I'm completely out of my depth.
the ins and outs of sth minden csínja-bínja vminek
the ins and outs of the legal system

3. Fizikai foglalkozások (27)

baker noun /ˈbeɪ.kər/ [C] pék
Down the road, with a small shop and a flat above it, lived the village baker.
barber noun /ˈbɑː.bər/ [C] borbély, férfifodrász
Dad goes to the barber's once a month.
butcher noun /ˈbʊtʃ.ər/ [C] hentes; mészáros
a pork butcher
I will make arrangements with the butcher for the deliveries to continue while I'm away.
chef noun /ʃef/ [C] séf, főszakács, konyhafőnök
He is one of the top chefs in Britain.
cleaner noun /ˈkliː.nər/ [C] takarító, takarítónő
Our cleaner comes on Wednesdays.
cook noun /kʊk/ [C] szakács
She's a wonderful cook.

Oldal 9 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
electrician noun /ˌe.lekˈtrɪʃ.ən/ [C] villanyszerelő
You will have to have an electrician install a larger circuit box.
farmer noun /ˈfɑː.mər/ [C] farmer, gazdálkodó
a sheep farmer
firefighter noun /ˈfaɪəˌfaɪ.tər/ [C] tűzoltó
His cousin works as a firefighter.
fisherman noun /ˈfɪʃ.ə.mən/ [C] plural: fishermen halász
Local fishermen are finding it difficult to make a living.
gardener noun /ˈgɑː.dən.ər/ [C] kertész
They employ two gardeners.
guard noun /gɑːd/ őr (biztonsági-, börtön-, stb.) [C]
a security guard
prison guards
A guard was posted outside the building.
hairdresser noun /ˈheəˌdres.ər/ [C] fodrász
I'm going to change my hairdresser.
I've got a four o'clock appointment at the hairdresser's.
housewife noun /ˈhaʊs.waɪf/ [C] plural: housewives háztartásbeli, háziasszony
My grandmother was the perfect housewife.
keeper noun /ˈkiː.pər/ [C] 1 őr (érték-, épület-, stb. őr); állattartó, állatgondozó
a zoo keeper
the keeper of geology at the museum
a lighthouse-keeper
mechanic noun /məˈkæn.ɪk/ [C] szerelő, gépszerelő
a car/garage/motor mechanic
miner noun /ˈmaɪ.nər/ [C] bányász
a coal miner
operator noun /ˈɒp.ər.eɪ.tər/ [C] 1 kezelő, operátor (gépé, készüléké)
a computer operator
peasant noun /ˈpez.ənt/ [C] paraszt (földműves)
a peasant farmer
plumber noun /ˈplʌm.ər/ [C] vízvezeték-szerelő
When is the plumber coming to mend the burst pipe?
postman noun /ˈpəʊst.mən/ [C] postás
Our postman delivers everything in the morning.
pottery noun /ˈpɒt.ər.i/ [U] 2 fazekasmesterség
I am doing pottery evening classes.
sailor noun /ˈseɪ.lər/ [C] matróz, tengerész; vitorlázó
Over 100 sailors took part in the race.
salesperson noun /ˈseɪlzˌpɜː.sən/ [C] plural: salespeople (bolti) eladó
She's a salesperson at a bookshop.
technician noun /tekˈnɪʃ.ən/ [C] technikus
a lab technician
waiter noun /ˈweɪ.tər/ [C] pincér
The waiter brought our drinks.
waitress noun /ˈweɪ.trəs/ [C] pincérnő
She's working as a waitress at the moment.

4. Szellemi foglalkozások (18)

accountant noun /əˈkaʊn.tənt/ [C] könyvelő

Oldal 10 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 a firm of accountants
administrator noun /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.streɪ.tər/ [C] ügyvezető; ügyintéző, adminisztrátor
She is an administrator at the hospital.
adviser noun /ədˈvaɪ.zər/ [C] also: advisor tanácsadó (gazdasági, jogi, stb.)
a financial adviser
analyst noun /ˈæn.ə.lɪst/ [C] elemző, szakértő
a financial/political/systems analyst
a leading business analyst
architect noun /ˈɑː.kɪ.tekt/ [C] építészmérnök
He trained as an architect in Edinburgh and then moved to London to find work.
chemist noun /ˈkem.ɪst/ [C] 2 vegyész
a research chemist
consultant noun /kənˈsʌl.tənt/ [C] tanácsadó
a management/financial consultant
a firm of public relations consultants
designer noun /dɪˈzaɪ.nər/ [C] tervező
a fashion/software designer
developer noun /dɪˈvel.ə.pər/ [C] 1 fejlesztő (szoftver-, termék-, stb.)
We mostly use developers based in India.
economist noun /ɪˈkɒn.ə.mɪst/ [C] közgazdász
I work as an economist and translator.
engineer noun /ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪər/ [C] mérnök; szerelő
a civil engineer
a mechanical/structural engineer
a software engineer
inspector noun /ɪnˈspek.tər/ [C] 1 felügyelő, ellenőr
a tax inspector
a school inspector/an inspector of schools
lawyer noun /ˈlɔɪ.ər/ [C] ügyvéd
I want to see my lawyer before I say anything.
programmer noun /ˈprəʊ.græ.mər/ [C] (számítógép) programozó
We employ six programmers on the project.
researcher noun /rɪˈsɜːtʃ.ər/ [C] (tudományos) kutató
Researchers uncovered new facts about his family.
secretary noun /ˈsek.rə.tri/ [C] 1 titkár; titkárnő (pl. irodában)
My secretary will phone you to arrange a meeting.
travel agent noun /ˈtræv.əlˌeɪ.dʒənt/ [C] utazási iroda alkalmazottja/vezetője
She worked for many years as a travel agent.
vet noun /vet/ [C] állatorvos
Helen is training to become a vet.

5. Beosztás, karrier (32)

appoint verb /əˈpɔɪnt/ [T] kinevez vkit (állás/pozíció betöltésére)
He was appointed as company director last year.
He has recently been appointed to the committee.
hold verb /həʊld/ [T] *(held, held) 7 betölt (állást, pozíciót); visel (vmilyen címet)
She held the post of treasurer.
practise verb /ˈpræk.tɪs/ [I or T] 2 praktizál (ügyvéd, orvos)
to practise medicine/law
promote verb /prəˈməʊt/ [T] 1 előléptet (magasabb beosztásba helyez) [often passive]

Oldal 11 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 If I'm not promoted within the next two years, I'm going to change jobs.
She's just been promoted to senior sales rep.
appointment noun /əˈpɔɪnt.mənt/ 2 kinevezés (egy posztra); megbízatás, állás [C or U]
the appointment of three new teachers
a temporary appointment
assistant noun /əˈsɪs.tənt/ [C] helyettes, kisegítő
an administrative assistant
an assistant editor/manager
career noun /kəˈrɪər/ [C] 1 pályafutás, karrier
He hasn't yet chosen a career.
a successful career in marketing
What are the career prospects?
career noun /kəˈrɪər/ [C] 2 (szakmai) pálya
She began her acting career in TV commercials.
hierarchy noun /ˈhaɪə.rɑː.ki/ [C] rangsor, hierarchia
There is a very strict hierarchy where I work.
ladder noun /ˈlæd.ər/ [C] 2 létra, ranglétra (a siker/előrejutás fokai)
a first step on the employment ladder
He moved rapidly up the corporate ladder.
level noun /ˈlev.əl/ [C] 4 szint (rang, beosztás)
These are subjects for discussion at management level.
office noun /ˈɒf.ɪs/ 3 tisztség, hivatal (fontos beosztás) [U]
Some people think he has been in office for too long.
She held the office of mayor for eight years.
position noun /pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ 5 (sorrendben elfoglalt) hely, helyzet, pozíció (rang, helyezés) [C]
the position of women in society
Whether or not you're given a car depends on your position in the company.
practitioner noun /prækˈtɪʃ.ən.ər/ [C] (formal) (gyakorló) orvos, ügyvéd; a
gyakorlója/művelője vminek
a medical practitioner
predecessor noun /ˈpriː.dɪˌses.ər/ [C] előd, elődje vkinek/vminek (állásban, hivatalban stb.)
He seems a lot better than his predecessor.
promotion noun /prəˈməʊ.ʃən/ 2 előléptetés (munkahelyen) [C or U]
Did Steve get the promotion he wanted?
The job offers excellent promotion prospects.
recruit noun /rɪˈkruːt/ [C] újonc (munkahelyen, katonaságnál, stb.)
a new recruit
successor noun /səkˈses.ər/ [C] 1 utód (állásban, munkahelyi pozícióban)
He is her most likely successor.
superior noun /suːˈpɪə.ri.ər/ [C] felettes (munkahelyi)
I will have to report this to my superiors.
vocation noun /vəʊˈkeɪ.ʃən/ [C or U] hivatottság (foglalkozásra); hivatás (foglakozás)
He knew that teaching was his true vocation.
chief adjective /tʃiːf/ [always before noun] 2 első számú, fő (legmagasabb rangú)
He is the chief economic adviser to the government.
hierarchical adjective /ˌhaɪəˈrɑː.kɪk.əl/ hierarchikus
The company has a very hierarchical structure.
junior adjective /ˈdʒuː.ni.ər/ 1 alacsonyabb beosztású/rangú személy, beosztott
a junior minister
junior office staff

Oldal 12 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
senior adjective /ˈsiː.ni.ər/ 1 magas/magasabb beosztású/rangú
a senior executive
We work in the same team but she's senior to me.
a senior government minister
successful adjective /səkˈses.fəl/ 2 sikeres (pl. munkában, üzleti életben)
a successful businesswoman
a successful career
He runs a very successful computer business.
Phrasal verbs:
go into sth /gəʊ/ 1 belekezd (egy foglalkozásba/munkakörbe)
What made you decide to go into politics?
stand in /stænd/ helyettesít vkit
She stood in for me when I was sick.
take over ↔ (sth) /teɪk/ átvesz (munkakört, irányítást, stb.)
He took over from the previous director in February.
She took over as manager two weeks ago.
Phrases and idioms:
a conflict of interest összeférhetetlenség (a betöltendő tisztséggel); érdekellentét
She resigned from the committee because of a conflict of interest.
establish sb/sth as sth elfogadtatja magát (vmiként), elfogadtat vmit (vmiként)
He quickly established himself as a talented actor.
make your way érvényesül, boldogul (az életben/munkában)
He managed to make his way in the film industry.
the top a csúcs, a csúcsa vminek, a legmagasabb rang/pozíció
At forty he was already at the top of his profession.

3. Munkahely, irányítás (86)

1. Munkahely, dolgozók (20)
army noun /ˈɑː.mi/ egy sereg (sok ugyanazt a tevékenységet végző ember)
an army of cleaners/helpers
colleague noun /ˈkɒl.iːg/ [C] kolléga
We're entertaining some colleagues of Ben's tonight.
crew noun /kruː/ [C + singular or plural verb] 2 csapat (munkatársak, ált. speciális
ismeretekkel)
an ambulance crew
a film/camera crew
labour noun /ˈleɪ.bər/ 2 munkaerő [U]
skilled/unskilled labour
casual labour
morale noun /məˈrɑːl/ [U] közszellem, közhangulat
The pay increase should help to improve staff morale.
panel noun /ˈpæn.əl/ [C] 1 munkaközösség, munkacsoport (szellemi munkában)
a panel of experts
personnel noun /ˌpɜː.sənˈel/ személyzet, személyi állomány (munkahelyi, katonai,
stb.) [plural]
military personnel
staff noun /stɑːf/ [U + singular or plural verb] személyzet (alkalmazotti állomány); testület
There is a good relationship between staff and pupils at the school.
The staff are not very happy about the latest pay increase.
There are over a hundred staff in the company.

Oldal 13 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 He is on the editorial staff of the magazine.
team noun /tiːm/ [C + singular or plural verb] 2 csoport, munkacsoport
a management team
a team of advisers
uniform noun /ˈjuː.nɪ.fɔːm/ [C] egyenruha
school uniform
a nurse's uniform
union noun /ˈjuː.ni.ən/ 1 szakszervezet [C] also: trade union
a teachers'/firefighters' union
unit noun /ˈjuː.nɪt/ [C] 2 egység; részleg (együtt élő/dolgozó embercsoport)
the traditional family unit
army/military/police units
Medical units were operating in the disaster area.
work noun /wɜːk/ 1 munka, munkahely [U]
Do you have far to travel to work each day?
Thousands of people are seriously injured at work every year.
When does she leave for work?
What time do you start/finish work?
worker noun /ˈwɜː.kər/ [C] munkás, dolgozó
factory workers
Many companies still treat their management staff better than their workers.
workforce noun /ˈwɜːk.fɔːs/ [C + singular or plural verb] 1 munkaerő, dolgozói állomány
(vállalatnál)
We have a highly skilled workforce.
workplace noun /ˈwɜːk.pleɪs/ [C] munkahely
We are trying to get rid of bullying in the workplace.
working adjective /ˈwɜː.kɪŋ/ [always before noun] munka-; munkás- (munkával kapcsolatos);
dolgozó
a 37-hour working week
working hours
Working conditions in the factory have hardly changed over the last twenty years.
She has a difficult working relationship with many of her staff.
for preposition /fɔːr/ 12 -nál, -nél (dolgozik); vmit képvisel
She works for a charity.
He plays football for Cambridge United.
He used to swim for his country when he was younger.
Phrases and idioms:
a skeleton crew/staff/service keret legénység/személyzet/szolgáltatás (minimális, a
működéshez éppen szükséges)
The Red Cross has withdrawn all but a skeleton staff from the country.
new blood friss vér, új erő (átv.)
We need some new blood in the organization.

2. Munka, feladat (30)

delegate verb /ˈdel.ɪ.geɪt/ [I or T] munkát kiad/kioszt/átruház, delegál
He needs to learn to delegate or he'll never get everything done.
overload verb /ˌəʊ.vəˈləʊd/ [T] túlterhel (gépet, járművet, embert, stb.)
All the staff are completely overloaded.
I feel that they overload their children with activities.
work verb /wɜːk/ 1 dolgozik (munkát végez); dolgoztat [I or T]

Oldal 14 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 She worked as a cleaner at the hospital.
Mike works for a computer company.
My dad works very long hours.
area noun /ˈeə.ri.ə/ [C] 3 terület, részterület (tevékenységi, kutatási, stb.)
Marketing is Paul's area.
Software is not really my area of expertise.
assignment noun /əˈsaɪn.mənt/ [C] feladat, megbízatás (munkahelyi, iskolai, stb.)
a photo assignment
The assignment is due on Friday.
duty noun /ˈdjuː.ti/ 2 feladat, kötelesség (pozícióból/munkakörből adódó); szolgálat [C or U]
professional/official duties
enterprise noun /ˈen.tə.praɪz/ 3 vállalkozás (komoly, összetett projekt/feladat) [C]
Putting on the concert will be a joint enterprise between the two schools.
job noun /dʒɒb/ 2 munka, (elvégzendő) feladat [C]
The builders are aiming to get the job done by the end of the month.
He spent the afternoon doing jobs around the house.
job noun /dʒɒb/ 3 feladat (kötelezettség, felelősség) [no plural]
She believed her job as a politician was to represent the views of her party and the people
who voted for her.
I know it's not my job to tell you how to run your life, but I do think you've made a
mistake.
labour noun /ˈleɪ.bər/ 1 (fizikai) munka [U]
The car parts themselves are not expensive, it's the labour that costs the money.
manual labour
overload noun /ˈəʊ.vəˌləʊd/ [C or U] túlterhelés
We are suffering from data overload here.
project noun /ˈprɒdʒ.ekt/ [C] 2 terv, tervezet, projekt
a scientific research project
My next project is decorating the kitchen.
Her latest project is a film based on the life of a nineteenth-century artist.
responsibility noun /rɪˌspɒnt.səˈbɪl.ə.ti/ [C or U] felelősség
The head of the department has various additional responsibilities.
It is your responsibility to make sure that your homework is done on time.
She takes her responsibilities as a nurse very seriously.
Jenny, you have responsibility for clearing up the room after the class.
role noun /rəʊl/ [C] 2 szerep (funkció, feladat, rendeltetés)
What is his role in this project?
This part of the brain plays an important role in learning.
Six people have been put on trial for their role in the demonstrations.
routine noun /ruːˈtiːn/ [C or U] szokásos tevékenység; rutin
a daily routine
He longed to escape the routine of an office job.
There's no set/fixed routine at work - every day is different.
task noun /tɑːsk/ [C] feladat
Our first task is to gather information.
The government now faces the difficult task of restructuring the entire health service.
teamwork noun /ˈtiːm.wɜːk/ [U] csapatmunka
We won't achieve anything without good teamwork.
undertaking noun /ˌʌndəˈteɪ.kɪŋ/ [C] vállalkozás, feladat; kötelezettségvállalás
Building your own house is a major undertaking.

Oldal 15 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
work noun /wɜːk/ 3 munka, feladat (elvégzendő dolog) [U]
I'll have to take this work home with me and finish it there.
The teacher said she was pleased with my work.
work noun /wɜːk/ 4 munka (erőfeszítés) [U]
Carrying heavy loads around all day is hard work.
I can certainly do a report for you but it will be a lot of work.
manual adjective /ˈmæn.ju.əl/ 1 kézi (fizikai) (munka)
unskilled manual labour
750 manual workers will lose their jobs as a result of company cutbacks.
Computer-controlled robots are taking over manual jobs in many industries.
manual adjective /ˈmæn.ju.əl/ 2 kézi (kézzel végzett)
the manual sorting of letters
She tried to cure the pain in my knee by putting manual pressure on the joint.
overworked adjective /ˌəʊ.vəˈwɜːkt/ túlhajszolt, agyondolgoztatott
We're overworked and underpaid.
responsible adjective /rɪˈspɒnt.sə.bl̩ / 2 felelősségteljes, bizalmi (állás, munka)
It's a very responsible job, being a teacher.
for preposition /fɔːr/ 14 dolga/felelőssége vkinek vmi
I can't tell you whether you should go or not - that's for you to decide.
Phrasal verbs:
act as sth /ækt/ vmilyen minőségben tevékenykedik/működik
He was asked to act as an advisor on the project.
deal with sb /dɪəl/ (üzleti) kapcsolatban van/áll vkivel
She's used to dealing with difficult customers.
Phrases and idioms:
be responsible for sb/sth/doing sth felelős/felelősséggel tartozik vkiért/vmiért
(feladata/kötelessége vmi)
I'm responsible for looking after the children during the lunch break.
Paul is directly responsible for the efficient running of the office.
keep sb on their toes állandóan készenlétben tart/dolgoztat vkit
We have random inspections to keep everyone on their toes.
throw sb in at the deep end mély vízbe dobnak vkit (azonnal az elején nehéz feladatot kap)
My first job was to organise a huge conference - they really threw me in at the deep end!

3. Vezetés, irányítás (36)

control verb /kənˈtrəʊl/ [T] (-ll-) 1 irányít vkit/vmit, vezérel vmit
If you can't control your dog, put it on a lead!
This switch controls the temperature.
direct verb /daɪˈrekt/ 3 vezet, irányít (pl. munkát) [T]
He directed the building of the new art gallery.
head verb /hed/ 1 vezet, irányít (vállalatot, csoportot, stb.) [T]
She heads one of Britain's leading travel firms.
Judge Hawthorne was chosen to head the inquiry.
lead verb /liːd/ *(led, led) 3 irányít, vezet (csoportot, országot, vitát, vizsgálatot, stb.) [I or T]
I think we've chosen the right person to lead the expedition.
I've asked Gemma to lead the discussion.
Who will be leading the enquiry into the accident?
He has led the party for over ten years.
manage verb /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ/ 2 irányít, vezet (irodát, üzletet, munkacsoportot, stb.) [T]
She used to manage the bookshop on King Street.

Oldal 16 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 Has Tom had any experience of managing large projects?
He has managed the football team for the last five years.
run verb /rʌn/ *(running, ran, run) 2 vezet (üzletet, vállalkozást, tanfolyamot, stb.) [T]
She ran her own restaurant for five years.
The social group is run by the residents themselves.
supervise verb /ˈsuː.pə.vaɪz/ [I or T] felügyel, ellenőriz
The UN is supervising the distribution of aid by local agencies in the disaster area.
The children play while two teachers supervise.
administration noun /ədˌmɪn.ɪˈstreɪ.ʃən/ [U] ügyvitel (pl. vállalaté)
The job involves a lot of administration.
board noun /bɔːd/ 6 vezetőség [C + singular or plural verb]
the Tourist Board
The board approved the sales plan.
boss noun /bɒs/ [C] főnök
I'll ask my boss if I can leave work early tomorrow.
chief noun /tʃiːf/ [C] főnök
a police chief
A new chief of the security forces has just been appointed.
control noun /kənˈtrəʊl/ 1 hatalom, uralom [C or U]
She's got no control over that child.
He lost control of the vehicle.
The police are in control of the situation.
direction noun /daɪˈrek.ʃən/ 2 irányítás, vezetés [U]
Under his direction the company has doubled its profits.
director noun /daɪˈrek.tər/ [C] 1 igazgató (vállalaté, szervezeté)
the board of directors
She has become the director of the new information centre.
executive noun /ɪgˈzek.jə.tɪv/ menedzser; főnökség [C]
a company executive
head noun /hed/ [C] 3 fő-, -fő, vezető (vállalaté, vállalati osztályé, stb.)
the head of an oil company
Our head of department is leaving on Friday.
He is head chef at a large restaurant.
leader noun /ˈliː.dər/ [C] 1 vezető (csoportot, országot, helyzetet, stb. irányító személy)
a tour leader
The Russian leader wants to introduce further changes.
He's a natural leader.
She was elected as leader of the campaign group.
leadership noun /ˈliː.də.ʃɪp/ [U] 1 vezetés (vezetői állás/pozíció)
The group flourished under her firm leadership.
R&M gained market leadership by selling products that were of superior quality.
leadership noun /ˈliː.də.ʃɪp/ [U] 2 vezetés, vezetéshez szükséges tulajdonságok
What the company lacks is leadership.
He lacks leadership qualities/skills.
management noun /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/ [U] irányítás, vezetés; vezetőség, igazgatóság
The company has suffered from several years of bad management.
a management training scheme
manager noun /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒər/ [C] igazgató; vezető
a bank manager
the production manager

Oldal 17 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás
 She's the manager of the local sports club.
May I speak to the manager?
running noun /ˈrʌn.ɪŋ/ [U] 2 vezetés, irányítás (pl. vállalkozásé)
He has recently handed over the day-to-day running of the museum to his daughter.
running costs
supervision noun /ˌsuː.pəˈvɪʒ.ən/ [U] felügyelet, ellenőrzés
He needs constant supervision.
Students are not allowed to handle these chemicals unless they are under
the supervision of a teacher.
supervisor noun /ˈsuː.pə.vaɪ.zər/ [C] felügyelő, ellenőr
His supervisor told him to work faster.
administrative adjective /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.strə.tɪv/ adminisztratív, közigazgatási
The work is largely administrative.
executive adjective /ɪgˈzek.jə.tɪv/ [always before noun] vezető beosztású; menedzser-
an executive director
over preposition /ˈəʊ.vər/ 8 felett (ellenőrzés/irányítás vmi/vki felett)
A good teacher has an easy authority over a class.
She's a sales manager but she has a regional sales director over her.
The victory over the French at Waterloo was Wellington's greatest triumph.
Phrasal verbs:
check (up) on sth /tʃek/ ellenőriz vkit/vmit; érdeklődik vkiről/vmiről
My boss is always checking up on me.
Phrases and idioms:
assume control/power/responsibility, etc. átveszi az irányítást/hatalmat/felelősséget/stb.
He has assumed the role of spokesman for the group.
be in charge megbízott vezetője vminek
She's in charge of a team of 20 people.
Who's in charge of organizing the music for the party.
be in sb's hands a kezében van vkinek (a felügyelete alatt van/gondjaira van bízva)
The matter is now in the hands of my solicitor.
beyond your/out of control irányíthatatlan, kezelhetetlen
The car went out of control, crashing into a truck.
There's nothing we can do - the situation is beyond our control.
out of control irányíthatatlan, kezelhetetlen
The car went out of control, crashing into a truck.
take charge irányít vmit; átveszi az irányítást
I was happy to let her take charge of the holiday arrangements.
the leadership a vezetőség
There is growing discontent with the leadership.
The election for the leadership of the council will take place on Tuesday.
under control ellenőrzés alatt/alá
Don't worry - everything's under control.

Oldal 18 / 18
2. Közösség, társadalom – 17. Munka, foglalkozás