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Cordova National High School

General Chemistry 2
Activity 4.7
Mole Relationships - Calculations with Balanced Equations

What is Conservation of Matter?

Conservation of Matter
The law of conservation of matter, also known as the conservation of mass, states that the amount of matter in a
closed system never changes. Meaning, the amount of matter before and after the reaction are always equal.

What are the Calculations Involved in a Balanced Equations?

There are three calculations involved in balanced equations.
These are; ( 1 ) Mole-to-Mole Conversion,
( 2 ) Moles-to-Mass Conversion and
( 3 ) Mass-to-Mass Calculation.

1. Mole-to-Mole Conversion
If the number of moles of one substance is given in the problem, we can determine the number of moles of any of
the other substances in the chemical reaction or chemical equation by using a mole conversion factor based on the
coefficients in the balanced chemical equation.

Important Steps in Mole-to-Mole Conversion

In performing the Mole-to-Mole Conversion, do the following steps below. We will use the sample problem below as
an example.

How many moles of O2 are needed to react with 8 moles of NH3?

Step 1. Analyze the given chemical equation.

Step 2. Identify the problem.

Step 3. Identify the conversion factor based from the balanced chemical equation.

Based from the given chemical equation, there are 3 moles of O 2 for every 4 moles of NH3. Therefore, the conversion
factor would be;

Step 4. Dimensional Analysis using the identified conversion factor.

2. Mole-to-Mass Conversion
The gram is the most convenient unit for measuring amounts of reactants or products in the laboratory. In order to
convert moles to grams or grams to moles, you have to make use of the molar mass of the given compound.

Important Steps in Mole-to-Mole Conversion

In performing the Mole-to-Mass Conversion, do the following steps below. We will use the sample problem below as
an example.

How many grams of O2 are needed to react with 10 moles of NH3?

Step 1. Identify the problem.

Step 2. Identify the conversion factor based from the balanced chemical equation. Based from the given chemical
equation, there are 3 moles of O2 for every 4 moles of NH3. Therefore, the conversion factor would be;

Step 3. Find out the number of moles of O2 needed to react to 10 moles NH3 using the Dimensional Analysis.

Step 4. Change the moles of O2 to grams using the molar mass of O2 as conversion factor. The molar mass of O2 is
32.0 g because each O has a mass number of 16.

3. Mass-to-Mass Conversion
If the problem asks for the mass in grams of one substance and the mass of another substance is given, do the
following steps below. We will use the sample problem below as an example.

How many grams of O2 are needed to react with 250 g of 2C2H6?

Step 1. Identify the problem.

Step 2. Change the grams of 2C2H6 to moles of 2C2H6.

The molar mass of C2H6 is 30.0 g because the mass number of C is 12 multiply by 2 and that would be 24.0 g while
the mass number of H is 1 multiply by 6 and that would be 6.0 g. So, the total molar of C 2H6 is 30.0 g.

Step 3. Change moles of C2H6 to moles of O2.

Step 4. Change the moles of O2 to grams of O2.

Therefore, the amount of oxygen needed is 934.0 grams.

I. Problem Solving

1. How many grams of H2 are needed to react with 4.5 moles of N 2? (10 pts)

2. How many moles of S are needed to react with 10 moles of Cu? (10 pts)