CIECGB
Wupbr Nmvmknb ..........................................................................
[bieb Ducto...............................................................................
Ebgorm ........................................................................................
Nítbx Goistrugtor .....................................................................
Gormnmtbx Znus...........................................................................
Fuieo Zrbpmrmeor eb Zmrbebs ............................................
Dmsm Gorrcem / Mgräncgm / Wbnnmeor Mgräncgo Mgräncgo ........................
Zcitoff y Ucihceor /
7 [bdovbeor eb bsdmntbs y tcitb gonor pmrm kmricz .......... 72
5 Zcitm Zcso / Zciturm pmrm pcso eb mnto trífcgo ..................... 76
2 Citbrnchlt........................................................................................ 76
6 [ckbgonm Fortb ;;=8.................................................................. 78
8 [ckbgonm Bxtrm Fortb ;;<:...................................................... 78
<
3 LB[[MDCBIUMW ZM[M ZCIUMEO

Ubxturm Ebschi / [ðstcgm / Mgräncgm / Hbn Zbronczmeo ...... =: Mggbsorcos y rbpubstos......................................................... 5:

Kroglms....................................................................................... 5=
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUBW
[oecnnos eb nmim Wcitãtcgm ..................................................... 5;
Cigmdur Nmercnnos / Cdpbrdbmkc
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb
nczmitb
pmrm nmercnnos, pcberms y tb`ms ............................................... =7 [oecnnos mitcrrbspciho............................................................. 57
Won y Nnuvcm/ Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb pmrm tbglos.................... =5 Bspítunms................................................................................... 55
[oecnnos eb nmim imturmn......................................................... 52
Won y Nnuvcm/ Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb pmrm frbitb...................... =2
Zchdbito kmsb mhum .............................................................. 56
Cigmfnbx / Cdpbrdbmk cnczmitb pmrm tbglos y frbitbs........ =6
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb
Gcitms mutomelbscv
mutomelbscvms ms............................................................. 58
Vbemgct / Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb pmrm goigrbtos.................... =8
Nc`ms 7D...................................................................................... 5<
Ibutron / Zciturm Msfíntcgm pmrm goigrbtos......................... =<
Kcmigo / Melbrbitb pmrm goigrbto....................................... =3 Z[ODMFNB\ 
Vbemtop / Vbemtop Fnbx / [bvbstcdcbito fnbxcknb............. ;: Zrotb`meo.................................................................................... 2:
Vbemgcn / Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb Zronbvb ;dd............................................................................. 2=
pmrm nmercnnos, pcberms y tb`ms...............................................
;=
Zronm`b......................................................................................... 2;
Mgqubnnm / Cdpbrdbmkc
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb
nczmitb Zropcso........................................................................................ 27
pmrm nmercnnos, pcberms y tb`ms................................................
;=
Zrovbitmim................................................................................ 25
BWDMNUBW WCIUÃUCGOW Zrovcerco..................................................................................... 22
Gormnct Zrbdcud / Bsdmntb scitãtcgo.................................... ;5 Zrokmigmem............................................................................... 26
Wprmy Zmcit Mrgo Crcs / Zciturm bi sprmy............................ ;2

Fbrronmga / Bsdmntb scitãtcgo fuieo y mgmkmeo............... ;6 WBNNO EB HM[MIUCM

Fuieo pmrm hmnvmiczmeos..................................................... ;6
Bn Hrupo [ckbpmr, hmrmitczm nm gmnceme, eurmkcnceme y
Dmrtbnmeo / Bsdmntb scitãtcgo mgmkmeo dmrtbnmeo........ ;8 rbiecdcbito eb nos proeugtos eoieb sb bigubitrb bstb sbnno.
*Nm bfbgtcvceme ebn proeugto, bi bn mgmkmeo fcimn, bstí su`btm
Gormnmr / Bsdmntb scitãtcgo bgoi÷dcgo............................. ;8
m su gorrbgtm mpncgmgc÷i, sbhði nms rbgodbiemgcoibs
Godpnbdbitos
Godpnbdbi tos Mutodotcvos / tãgicgms ebn fmkrcgmitb. Bi gmso eb goifcrdmr qub bxcstbi
Dmsms y pciturms pmrm vblägunos ....................................... ;< proknbdms goi mnhði proeugto provbicbitb eb fíkrcgm, sb
....................................... ;3 progbebrí m rbbdpnmzmr bn dcsdo. Io sb gukrcrí icihði otro
gosto cdpnägcto (dmio eb okrm u otros dmtbrcmnbs).
KM[ICP S ZBHMDBIUOW ZM[M DMEB[MW
[ckbpmrqubt / Kmricz poncurbtmio pmrm pmrqubt.............. 7;
Gbton Urcpnb Fcntro Wonmr /
77
Kmricz sðpbr prbdcud pmrm dmebrms ...............................
Eoknb Fcntro Wonmr / Kmricz prbdcud pmrm dmebrms ....... 77
Bxtrm Dmrätcdo Fcntro Wonmr /
Kmricz prbdcud pmrm dmebrm ............................................ 75
Gormnmr / Kmricz bgoi÷dcgo pmrm dmebrms ..................... 75
 

ZCIUR[M 
 

Gumncemebs eb nm Zciturm 

Ucitm 

Ebkb sbr fmkrcgmem goi nm db`or fordunmgc÷i tbgion÷hcgm.

Goitron rchuroso eb gmnceme bi dmtbrcms prcdms.

Rtcnczmgc÷i eb tãgicgms bfcgcbitbs eb fmkrcgmgc÷i.

Zrbpmrmgc÷i eb nm supbrfcgcb 
Ebkb sbhucr toems nms ciecgmgcoibs ebn
bdkmnmhb ebn proeugto.
Ucbib qub bstmr sci hrcbtms o
cdpbrfbggcoibs.
Mpncgmgc÷i eb nms tcitms 
 
Ebkb sbr rbmnczmem bi goiecgoibs
mtdosfãrcgms fmvormknbs.
Ebkb sbr rbmnczmem goi pmgcbigcm.
Uoem nm cifordmgc÷i ebn
bdkmnmhb ebkb sbr sbhuc-
ems rchurosmdbitb.

Doeo eb uso 

M K G

[BIEB DRCUO
BN O[CHCIMN
 

7
ZCIUR[M Z[BDCRI

WRZB[
WRZ B[ NMVMKN
MKNB B MIU
MIUCDMCDMIGL
IGLMW MW
Bncdcimr nms dmiglms eb nm pmrbe iuigm fub tmi fígcn.

Wupbr Nmvmknb Mitcdmiglms posbb mectcvos

lcerorbpbnbitbs qub cdpcebi nm fc`mgc÷i eb
dmiglms rbpbnmieo eb nm supbrfcgcb y
fmgcnctmieo nm ncdpcbzm ebn eäm m eäm.

Mgmkmeo
Wbdcdmtb / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor
bxtbrcor..

Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 7:dci.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 5l.

Ecnugc÷i
Ecnucr goi mhum ;:%.

Bivmsb / [biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 6:d» por dmio.
Kmneb =<N lmstm 7:: d» por dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o o kroglm eb
gbrems knmiems por dmio.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Zmrbebs rbvogmems, dmsm mgräncgm y goigrbtos.

Ecspoicknb
bi bn Wcstbdm
Ucitodãtrcgo
 

5
ZCIUR[M MG[ÄNCGM 

[BIEB DRCUO BN O[CHCIMN

Nm pciturm cebmn pmrm sus hrmiebs proybgtos.

Zcitmr goi gmnceme mlorm bs dís fígcn. Gormn

[bieb Ducto bs uim pciturm mgräncgm eb mntm
goiscstbigcm qub pbrdctb uim ecnugc÷i supbrcor
m nos proeugtos goivbigcoimnbs. Rstbe
goischub uim ecnugc÷i
eb nm pciturm, pubebgoipcitmr
mhum lmstm
lmstm eb=::d»
<:%
(Hmn÷i) por dmio.

Mgmkmeo
Dmtb / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor
bxtbrcor..
Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 7:dci.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 5l.
Ecnugc÷i
Wupbrfcgcbs sbnnmems o io sbnnmems ecnucr däicdm
6:% y díxcdm <:% goi íhum potmknb pmrm
toems nms dmios. Goitbdpnmieo qub <:% emrí
ui rbiecdcbito eb =::d» bi uim sonm dmio
(Hmn÷i 7,6N).
Bivmsb / [biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm =::d» por dmio.
Kmneb =<N lmstm 2::d» por dmio.
Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o, o kroglm
eb gbrems knmiems.
Wupbrfcgcbs
Dmsm gorrcem o mgräncgm, rbpcitmeo,
rbvoqub, goigrbto, ybso y fckrogbdbito.

7:% + Gokbrturm

lmstm
<:%   eb
  Ecnugc÷i
 

2
ZCIUR[M Z[BDCRI

EBGO[M
Goi Ebgorm, nos gonorbs dís sorprbiebitbs bi
tu pmrbe.

Ebgorm Mgräncgo Zrbdcud bs sci onor y

posbb mectcvos bspbgcmnbs, qub goifcbrbi
díxcdm rbscstbigcm, eb`m nms pmrbebs dís
ncsms y goi mgmkmeo pbrfbgto.

Mgmkmeo
Dmtb / sbdckrcnno Citbrcor y bxtbrcor.

Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 7:dci.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 5l.

Ecnugc÷i
Ecnucr goi mhum ;:%.
Ecspoicknb
bi bn Wcstbdm
Bivmsb
Ucitodãtrcgo
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 6<d»por dmio.
Kmneb =<N lmstm 75:d» por dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i

[oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o, o kroglm eb

gbrems knmiems.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Zmrbebs rbvogmems, dmsm mgräncgm y goigrbtos.
 

6
ZCIUR[M NÍUB\ 

NMUB\ GOIWU[RGUO[
Zmrm qucbibs ebsbmi bgoiodäm goi gmnceme.

Nítbx mgräncgo pmrm qucbi ebsbm bgoiodäm y

gmnceme. Bs eb fígcn mpncgmgc÷i, rípceo
sbgmeo, däicdo smnpcgmeo y ofrbgb
bxgbnbitb mgmkmeo. Gormn Goistrugtor tcbib
kubim gokbrturm y rbiecdcbito. Ciecgmem
pmrm rbvbstcdcbito (pcitmeo, ebgormgc÷i y
protbggc÷i).

Mgmkmeo
Dmtb / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor
bxtbrcor..

Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 7:dci.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 5l

Ecnugc÷i
Ecnucr goi mhum ;:%.

Bivmsb
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 2:d; por dmio.
Kmneb =<N lmstm ;2:d; por dmio.
dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o, o kroglm eb
gbrems knmiems.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Dmsm gorrcem o mgrcncgm, rbpcitmeo, rbvoqub,
goigrbto, ybso y fckrogbdbito.
 

8
ZCIUR[M MG[ÄNCGM 

GO[MNMUB\ ZNRW
¡Zcbism bi pcitmr! pcbisb bi Gormnmtbx Znus.
Db`or rbnmgc÷i gosto-kbibfcgco.

Gormnmtbx bs uim pciturm eb mntm

goiscstbigcm qub pbrdctb uim ecnugc÷i
supbrcor m nos proeugtos goivbigcoimnbs.
Rstbe goischub 6:% eb ecnugc÷i goi mhum,
nohrmieo
por dmio.pcitmr lmstm bs
Gormnmtbx 7<:d» (kmneb ebciiovm-
ui proeugto =< N.)
=<N.)
eor y sb prbsbitm godo uim sonugc÷i duglo
dís sustbitmknb qub nms otrms pciturms.

Mgmkmeo
Dmtb / sbdckrcnno Citbrcor y bxtbrcor
bxtbrcor..

Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 7:dci.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 5l.
Ecnugc÷i
Ecnucr goi mhum. Zrcdbrm dmio lmstm 6: %
Wbhuiem dmio ;:%.

Bivmsb / [biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 86d» por dmio.
Kmneb =<N lmstm 7<:d» por dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o, o kroglm
eb gbrems knmiems.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Dmsm gorrcem o mgräncgm, rbpcitmeo,
rbvoqub, goigrbto, ybso y fckrogbdbito.
 

<
GODZNBDBIUOW

FRIEO
FR IEO Z[ Z[BZ
BZM[M
M[MEO EO[ [ KMWB MHRM
MHRM
Bvctb nos proknbdms eb ebsgmsgmrmdcbito eb nms
 pmrbebs.

Bspbgcmndbitb ebsbivonvceo pmrm prbpmrmr

pmrbebs iubvms qub rbgckcrmi pciturm o pmrm
sonugcoimr nos proknbdms eb nm supbrfcgcb, qub
pubebi bstmr ebsgmsgmrmem, mdponnmems o
pcitmems goi gmn.

Mgmkmeo
Dmtb / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor
bxtbrcor..

Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 7:dci.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 5l.

Ecnugc÷i
Io ecnucr proito pmrm su uso.

Bivmsb
Hmn÷i 7,6 N eb 7: m 22d» por dmio.
Kmneb =<N eb =2: m ;82d» por dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o, o kroglm eb
gbrems knmiems.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Mnkmýcnbräm.
 

3
DMWMW

GODZNBDBIUOW
Dmsm Mgräncgm,dmsm gorrcem y sbnnmeor mgräncgo.

DMWM GO[[CEM
Mnto poebr eb rbnnbio, bnbvmem goiscstbigcm,
÷ptcdm melbrbigcm, sbgmeo rípceo y km`o
onor. Eb goiscstbigcm grbdosm.
Ciecgmgc÷i
Citbrcor.
Wupbrfcgcbs
Mnkmýcnbrcm y goigrbto.
Dmtbrcmnbs eb mpncgmgc÷i
Bspítunm eb mgbro.
[biecdcbito eb mpncgmgc÷i fcim
;
Kmneb ;3Ah 5: m 6:d
;
/dmio.
Hmn÷i 6Ah < m =;d /dmio.
;
Gumrto =,2Ah ; m 7d /dmio.
DMWM MG[C
MG[CNCGM
NCGM
Ecnugc÷i
Zroito pmrm su uso.
Wbgmeo Mnto poebr
÷ptcdm eb rbnnbio,
melbrbigcm, sbgmeobnbvmem
rípceogoiscstbigcm,
y km`o onor.
Mn tmgto0 7: dci. ECWZOICKNB BI UMDKO[ Bxgbnbitb rbscstbigcm m nm mngmnciceme y nm citbd-
Bitrb dmios0 7l.  EB =3< Nts.
pbrcb.
Fcimn0 2l.
WBNNMEO[ MG[CNCGO
Ciecgmgc÷i
Cdpbrdbmkcnczm y uicfordczm nms ecvbrsms
Citbrcor y bxtbrcor.
supbrfcgcbs eb mnkmýcnbräm ebvceo m su poebr
sbnnmitb y ÷ptcdm melbrbigcm. Wupbrfcgcbs
Mnkmýcnbrcm y goigrbto.
Mgmkmeo
Dmtb. Ecnugc÷i
Ciecgmgc÷i
Citbrcor y bxtbrcor. Zroito pmrm su uso.
Wbgmeo
Wupbrfcgcb Mn tmgto0 7: dci.
[bvoqub iubvo y fcrdb. Bitrb dmios0 7l.
Dmtbrcmnbs eb mpncgmgc÷i Fcimn0 2l.
[oecnno eb nmim, pcigbn
o kroglm. Dmtbrcmnbs eb
[biecdcbito mpncgmgc÷i ECWZOICKNB BI UMDKO[

Kmneb =<N 82 m =::d;/dmio. Bspítunm eb mgbro.  EB =3< Nts.

Hmn÷i 7,6N =2 m ;:d;/dmio. [biecdcbito eb mpncgmgc÷i fcim

Ecnugc÷i Kmneb ;3Ah 5: m 6:d;/dmio.
Ebkb sbr ecnuceo eb 2 m =:% Hmn÷i 6Ah < m =;d;/dmio.
;
goi mhum. Gumrto =,2Ah ; m 7d /dmio.
Wbgmeo
Mn tmgto0 7:dci.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 2l.
 

=:
UB\UR[MW

DMWMW UB\UR[MEO[MW
Ebnb ui toqub sofcstcgmeo y doebrio m sus pmrbebs.

Ecspoicknb
bi bn Wcstbdm
Ucitodãtrcgo
UB\UR[M
UB\UR[M EBWCHI

Mgmkmeo
Dmtb / Citbrcor y Bxtbrcor.
Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 =l.
Bitrb dmios0 5l Fcimn0 5l.
Ecnugc÷i
Zroito pmrm su uso.
UB\UR[M MG[CNCGM Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Nmtm ;<Ah =5 m ;7d;/dmio.
Mgmkmeo Hmn÷i 6Ah 7 m 2d;/dmio.
Dmtb / Citbrcor y Bxtbrcor.
Mpncgmgc÷i
Wbgmeo
Znmiglm eb mgbro, bspítunm
Mn toqub0
Bitrb ;l. 5l.
dmios0 y pnmiglm eb pnístcgo.
Ecnugc÷i Wupbrfcgcbs
Zroito pmrm su uso. Mnkmýcnbräm, goigrbto,
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito fckrogbdbito.
Nmtm 7:Ah =5 m 72d ;/dmio.
Hmn÷i 6Ah m 8d ;/dmio. UB\UR[M [RWUCGM
Mpncgmgc÷i
Znmiglm eb mgbro, bspítunm,
Mgmkmeo
pnmiglm eb pnístcgo y roecnnos
ebgormtcvos. Dmtb / Citbrcor y Bxtbrcor.
Wupbrfcgcbs Wbgmeo
Mnkmýcnbräm, goigrbto, Mn toqub0 ;l.
fckrogbdbito. Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn 5l.
HBN ZM[M UB\UR[
UB\UR[M M
Ecnugc÷i
Wupbrfcgcbs
Mgmkmeo Zroito pmrm su uso.
Ubxturm [ðstcgm,
Krcnnmitb o Bivb`bgceo. Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Ebschi o Mgräncgm.
Wbgmeo Nmtm 77Ah lmstm =5d;/dmio.
Mn toqub0 7:dci. Hmn÷i 6Ah lmstm ;,2d;/dmio.
Bitrb dmios0 ;l.
Fcimn0 5l. Mpncgmgc÷i
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Znmiglm eb mgbro, bspítunm
Nmtm 7,7Ah lmstm 5<d;/dmio. y pnmglm eb pnístcgo.
;
Hmn÷i <:: Hr lmstm =;d /dmio. Wupbrfcgcbs
Ecnugc÷i Mnkmýcnbräm,
fckrogbdbito.goigrbto,
Zroito pmrm su uso.
Mpncgmgc÷i
Hbn Krcnnmitb [oecnno eb nmim
Hbn Bivb`bgcdcbito0 Rtcnczmr nm lbrrmdcbitm eb mgubreo mn bfbgto ebsbmeo.
 

CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUBW
 

Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitbs tcps 
Mitbs eb cicgcmr uim cdpbrdbmkcnczmgc÷i sb ebkbi tbibr nms
lbrrmdcbitms ibgbsmrcms pmrm nm mpncgmgc÷i, nms gumnbs soi0
bspítunm, kroglm, roecnno, gbpcnno y gukbtm.
Bn progbecdcbito bs bn schucbitb0 

Nm supbrfcgcb eoieb sb mpncgmrí bn cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb

ebkb bigoitrmrsb ncdpcm, sbgm, nckrb eb ponvo y eb
dmtbrcmnbs subntos, mebdís eb qub io ebkb tbibr
hrcbtms. Zmrm ncdpcmrnm eb dmibrm gorrbgtm sb
pubeb myuemr eb uim kroglm o uim mspcrmeorm.
Rim vbz qub sb tcbib nm supbrfcgcb ncdpcm, sb
ebkb ecnucr bn cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb bi nms
proporgcoibs ciecgmems bi bn cistrugtcvo
lmstm oktbibr uim dbzgnm lodohãibm.
Nmroecnno
mpncgmgc÷i
eb pbnoebkb
gorto,lmgbrsb goio ui
uim kroglm ui
bqucpo Mcrnbss. Wb ebkb eb`mr sbgmr
por mnrbebeor eb gumtro m sbcs
lorms.

Eoieb bxcstmi km`mitbs

pnuvcmnbs, glmfnmibs,
 `uitms, bitrb otrms fubitbs
eb gmäem eb mhum, lmy qub rbforzmr goi uim dmnnm.
Zostbrcordbitb sb ebkbrí mpncgmr uim ðntcdm
ðntcdm gmpm eb fordm pbrpbiecgunmr m nm prcdbrm
prcdbrm gmpm y fcimn-
dbitb lmy qub eb`mr sbgmr bitrb =; m =5 lorms.

Doeo eb uso 
 

=7
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

CIGMDR[ NME[CNNOW WMUCIMEOW

Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb trmispmrbitb qub rbmnzm nm
kbnnbzm eb nos sustrmtos.
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb trmispmrbitb m kmsb eb
bdunsc÷i mgräncgm qub protbhb nmercnnos, tb`ms,
gbrídcgms, fckrogbdbito, goigrbto y pcberms
nm`ms, fordmieo uim pbnägunm sbnnmeorm qub
cdpceb nm pbibtrmgc÷i ebn mhum. Hrmi rbscstbi-
gcm mn ebshmstb, dcicdczmieo nm fordmgc÷i eb
ponvo.
Mgmkmeo Wupbrfcgcbs
Wmtcimeo trmispmrbitb. Nmercnnos, tb`ms,
Bxtbrcor b citbrcor. gbrídcgms,
Wbgmeo fckrogbdbito,goi-
Bitrb dmios0 ;l. grbto, pcberms y
Fcimn0 =;l. dmebrm.
Ecnugc÷i
Ecnucr nm prcdbr dmio Bivmsb / [biecdcbito
lmstm 2:% goi mhum Hmn÷i 5N 5: m 6:d ; uim dmio.
pmrm msbhurmr uim Kmneb eb ;:N ;:: m 7::d; uim dmio.

kubim
sbhuiemmelbrbigcm, nm
dmio mpncgmr Umito bn nmercnno godði, godo bn
lordch÷i, mksorkbi mhum eb`mieo nms
sci ecnucr. pmrbebs lðdbems y bidolbgcems.
Mpncgmgc÷i
Kroglm, roecnno y pcstonm goivbigcoimn.
goivbigcoimn.

KM[ICP MG[CNCGO
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb trmispmrbitb qub rbmnzm nm
kbnnbzm eb nos sustrmtos.

Ebkb sbr utcnczmeo pmrm emr dmyor protbggc÷i y

db`or mgmkmeo bi nms pmrbebs bxtbrims b
citbrims eb goigrbto, pcberm, nmercnno y tb`ms.

Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Krcnnmitb / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor. [oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o o kroglm
eb gbrems knmiems.
Wbgmeo Wupbrfcgcbs
Mn toqub0 ;l. Zmrbebs eb goigrbto, pcberm, tb`ms
Bitrb dmios0 5l. dmebrms y nmercnnos.
Fcimn0 5l.
Ecnugc÷i
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito Ecnucr goi mhum =:%, bi
Hmn÷i 7,6N0 22d; por dmio. supbrfcgcbs io sbnnmems
Kmneb =<N0 ;82d; por dmio. mpncgmr nm =br dmio goi
7:% goi mhum.
 

=5
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

Z[O
Z[OUBGGCOI WON S NNRVCM
UBGLOW

Won y nnuvcm bs ui cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb eb

bxgbnbitb gmnceme, ciecgmeo pmrm tbglos y
mzotbms ( nosms ). Won y nnuvcm Ubglos , goi
mitcloihos y mitcmnhms bstí fordunmeo m pmrtcr
eb ui uim
sbgmr, ponädbro bnmst÷dbrcgo
dbdkrmim protbgtormqub fordm, mn
cdpbrdbmknb.

Bdpnbo
Mzotbm y tbglos.
[biecdcbito
=.2 Acnos/d;.
Ubrdcimgc÷i
Wmtcimem gukrcbitb.

Dmios
Urbs o dís dmios lmstm mpncgmr
m pncgmr =.2 Acnos/d.;
Zrbsbitmgcoibs
5 y ;: acnos.
Wbgmeo
Wbgmeo mn tmgto0 = lorm. - 6 lorms.

Umsm eb ecnugc÷i
Zrcdbrm dmio0 7:% , Dmios schucbitbs0 sci ecnucr.

Ecnugc÷i y ncdpcbzm
Mhum.

Mpncgmgc÷i
Kroglm, [oecnno eb pbno nmrho, o sopnbtb.

DÍ\CDM BNMWUCGCE
BNMWUCGCEME
ME

WBNNM FCWR[MW

MIUC - MNHMW
 

=2
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

Z[O
Z[OUBGGCOI WON S NNRVCM
F[BIUB

Bs uim pciturm pmrm qucbi qucbrb protbhbr

nms pmrbebs bxtbrims eb nms gmsms y
becfcgcos, ebn son y nm nnuvcm. Wu f÷rdunm
posbb mggc÷i goitrm fcsurms, mnhms, dolo y
mebdms tcbib uim díxcdm eurmkcnceme.

Mgmkmeo
Dmtb / Bxtbrcor
Bxtbrcor..

Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 7: dciutos.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Fcimn0 ;5l.

Ecnugc÷i
Ecnucr goi mhum toems nms dmios =:%.

Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i0 7,6 N lmstm 5:d ;por dmio.
Kmneb =<N lmstm ;::d;por dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb nmim eb pbno km`o,o
kroglm eb gbrems knmiems.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Mnkmýcnbräm y Goigrbtos.

Gonorbs0 Knmigo, Lcbno, Mrbim, Mrbim Wmlmrm, Dmrfcn, Eurmzio,

Vbreb Zrcdmvbrm, Hmduzm, Vmcicnnm.
 

=6
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

CIGMFNB\
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb bnmstodãrcgo pmrm frbitbs
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb
y toeo tcpo eb tbglos.
CIGMFNB\ Bs uim dbdkrmim näqucem goi
protbggc÷i mitcmnhms-mitcloihos, ciecgmem pmrm
nm cdpbrdbmkcnczmgc÷i eb tbglos y frbitbs. Zor
su goiscstbigcm, mn sbgmr fordm uim dbdkrmim

protbgtormbnmstcgceme
bxgbnbitb eb hrmi rbscstbigcm y dmitcbib
goi bn pmso uim
ebn tcbdpo.
Mgmkmeo
Wmtcimeo / Bxtbrcor
Bxtbrcor..
Wbgmeo
6 m =;l/dmios. Bn proeugto pubeb goiscebrmrsb
sbgo, gumieo m uim nchbrm prbsc÷i ebn ebeo sb
mprbgcm goiscstbigcm fcrdb, bnístcgm o goi
pbqubým pbhm`osceme rbsceumn.
Ecnugc÷i

Bi
7:%tbglos y mzotbms
goi mhum, ecnucr nm prcdbr
nm sbhuiem dmio
y tbrgbr lmstm
dmio sci
ecnucr. Bi duros mpncgmr nm prcdbr dmio ecnucem
lmstm ui ;:% eb mhum, nm sbhuiem y tbrgbr
dmio ecnucr lmstm =2%.
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 5Ah / Kmneb ;:Ah.
Mpncgmr =,2 Ah por d».
Mpncgmgc÷i
Kroglm, roecnno eb nmim scitãtcgm y
pcstonm goivbigcoimn.
Wupbrfcgcbs
Lordch÷i, tb`ms, gbrídcgms, nmercnnos, knoqubs
eb kmneosms mesorkbitbs, gmnmdcims, fckrogb-
dbito y dbdkrmims msfíntcgms.

Wu gonor knmigo rbfnb`m nm rmecmgc÷i sonmr,

goitrckuybieo m dmitbibr frbsgos nos mdkcbitbs.

WBNNM FCWR[MW MIUC - LOIHOW

 

=8
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

VBEMGCU
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb ebfcictcvo pmrm goigrbtos.

Vbemgct bs ui mectcvo cdpbrdbmkcnczmitb

ebfcictcvo eb mntm protbggc÷i pmrm goigrb-
tos goitrm nm ludbeme. Vbemgct pbrdctb nm
rbspcrmgc÷i eb nos dmtbrcmnbs, dmitbicbi-
eo msä, smnuemknbs nos mdkcbitbs.
Gmdpos eb mpncgmgc÷i
Gm`ms pmrm mhum y pcsgcims.
Gcdcbitos.
[bvoqub eb duros bxtbrios.
Msbitmdcbito eb nmercnnos bi
nms vchms eb gcdbitmgc÷i.
Zcsos y pmrbebs bi goitmgto
goi nm ludbeme.
Lordch÷i cdpbrdbmknb y nosms.

Mpncgmgc÷i
Ecnucr ; nctros eb Vbemgct bi ;:
nctros eb mhum bi nm prbpmrmgc÷i
eb dbzgnm eb 2: Ah eb gbdbito
por 7 gmrrbtcnnmems eb mrbim fcim.

Bivmsbs
Hmn÷i eb 7,6N.
Kotb eb =N.
Kmneb eb =<N.

Vbemgct mhrbhm vmnor mn

cidubknb, mudbitm nm eurmkcnc-
eme y prbvcbib bifbrdbemebs

Ri cidubknb goi proknb-

dm eb ludbeme pcbreb su
vmnor lmstm ui 7%.
 

=<
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

IBRU[ON UCIUM MWFMNUCGM

Zciturm msfíntcgm pmrm goigrbtos, dbtmnbs y dmebrms.

IBRU[ON fordm uim pbnägunm cdpbrdbmknb eb

hrmi melbrbigcm y mntm rbscstbigcm quädcgm.
Zrotbhb goigrbto, gcdcbitos, dbtmnbs y dmebrm
goitrm nm ludbeme y mhums mhrbscvms.
Ebspuãs
husto bi bnebmhum
sbgmr, IBRU[ON
ic bi io eb`m onor ic
nos mncdbitos.
Gmdpos eb mpncgmgc÷i
Duros y gcdcbitos, rbvbs-
tceo goi dbzgnm, bi Goitbibeorbs
goitmgto goi bn subno, pmrm mhum
tmnbs godo0 potmknb, tmiqubs
Gcdcbitos. y rbsbrvmtorcos.

Duros eb goitbigc÷i. Bstrugturms

dbtíncgms y
Zrcdbr pmrmy mpncgmgc÷i
eb dmitms Gcitms dmebrms
bxpubstmsiom nm
mutomelbscvms. citbdpbrcb.
Bivmsbs
Hmn÷i eb 7,6N.
Nmtm eb =N.
Kmneb eb =<N.

Mpncgmgc÷i
Mpncgmr puro, eb ; m 7 dmios, usmieo kroglm,
roecnno eb pbno eb gmribro o Zcstonm. Dcsturmr bn
br
proeuto mitbs eb mpncgmr. Bi nm = dmio, mpncgmr
kcbi bn dmtbrcmn bi bn sustrmto. Ebpuãs ebn
sbgmeo eb nm = dmio, mpncgmr lmstm ; dmios
rm

bi fordm eb pciturm, mhumremieo bn sbgmeo eb

nm mitbrcor por ui däicdo eb < o =; lorms.
 

=3
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

KCMIGO
Mectcvo eb mnto ebsbdpbýo pmrm goigrbtos otorhmieo
dmyor melbrbigcm.

KCMIGO bs uim rbscim scitãtcgm, eb mnto

ebsbdpbýo, qub proporgcoim bxgbnbitb
melbrbigcm eb mrhmdmsms bi ecfbrbitbs
sustrmtos. Goifcbrb dmyor pnmstcgceme y
dmyor rbscstbigcm mn ebshmstb.
Gmdpos eb mpncgmgc÷i
Wmnpcgmeo bi tudkmeos pmrm sbr bstugmeo.
Wmnpcgmeo bi pmrbebs.
Dbzgnm pmrm goitrmpcso.
[bpmro eb pogo bspbsor bi goigrbto y mnkmýcnbräm.
Msbitmdcbito eb mzunb`o, gbrmdcgm, pcberm y rb`uitmdcbi-
tos.
Bivmsb / rbiecdcbito
Hmn÷i eb=N1=N7,6N1
Mpncgmgc÷i0 =<N por ;N eb mhum.
eb Kcmigo

Zrbpmrmgc÷i ebn proeugto

Dcsturmr mitbs eb usmr. Mecgcoimr KCMIGO mn
mhum eb qub sb utcnczmrí pmrm nm dbzgnm bi
proporgc÷i ciecgmem pmrm gmem tcpo eb
mpncgmgc÷i.
duros.-  Kcmigo
KCMIGO bi gmstchmeo pmrm duros.- 
hmrmitczm ui smnpcgmeo qub io subntm. Zrogbso0
= nmtm eb gbdbito por 7 nmtms eb mrbicnnm.
Ecsonvbr
eb mhum.Kcmigo0
Rtcnczmr =bstm
nctro proporgc÷i
eb Kcmigo pmrm
bi nm; gmitc-
nctros
eme eb mhum qub utcnczmrí pmrm bn smnpcgmeo.
KCMIGO bi pcsos.-  Kcmigo bs usmeo pmrm
goisbrtmr pcsos qubkrmeos y tmdkcãi pmrm
rbvbstcr goitrm-pcsos.
Zrogbso0 = nmtm eb gbdbito1 = nmtm eb mrbicnnm1
; nmtms eb rcpco. Ecsonvbr Kcmigo0 = nctro eb
Kcmigo pmrm ; nctros eb mhum.
KCMIGO bi rb`uitmdcbito eb mzunb`os.- Goi
Kcmigo nos rb`uitmdcbitos qubemi cdpbrdbm-
knbs y io subntmi. Dbzgnmr bn gbdbito knmigo
goi Kcmigo, prbvcmdbitb ecsubnto bi mhum. (=
nctro eb Kcmigo pmrm ; nctros eb mhum)

Nms supbrfcgcbs ebkbi bstmr ncdpcms, porosms, nckrbs eb ponvo o

hrmgctue y ludbebgbr nchbrmdbitb mitbs eb nm mpncgmgc÷i.

;:
VBEMUOZ io bs pciturm pmrm
mgmkmeo, muiqub pbrdctb qub nms
pmrbebs rbgckmi pciturm ebspuãs
eb su mpncgmgc÷i.
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB
VBEMUOZ
Nm dmibrm dís fígcn y rípcem eb bncdcmr nm
ludbeme y fcntrmgcoibs
fcntrmgcoibs..
VBEMUOZ bs uim mrhmdmsm poncdãrcgm eb kmsb
mgräncgm cdpbrdbmknb eb mntm melbrbigcm y eb fígcn
mpncgmgc÷i. Zubeb sbr mpncgmeo sokrb goigrbto,
knoqubs gbrídcgos (Nmercnnos), fckrogbdbito,
rbvoqubs y otrms kmsbs gbdbitcgcms.
Gmrmgtbrästcgms godpoibitb M
Mpmrcbigcm0 gonor gcizm
Mpmrcbigcm0
Godposcgc÷i kíscgm0 Gbdbito, mectcvos.
Gmrmgtbrästcgms godpoibitb K
Mpmrcbigcm0 näquceo eb gonor knmigo
Godposcgc÷ii kíscgm0 ponädbros mgräncgos.
Godposcgc÷
Zrbpmrmgc÷i ebn proeugto
Mecgcoimr bn godpoibitb M (ponvo) mn godpoibitb K
(näquceo) y dbzgnmr. Mpncgmr ebitro eb = lorm, io
díxcdo. Gmso io utcnczmr toeo, dbzgnmr nos godpo-
ibitbs bi proporgc÷i =07 (näquceo0ponvo), bi pbso.
Mpncgmgc÷i
VBEMUOZ pubeb sbr mpncgmeo goi kroglm o krol÷i,
eb 7 m 5 dmios gruzmems, rbspbtmieo bn goisudo
eb 82: m 32: hr/d», goi citãrvmno eb 6 lorms bitrb
gmem dmio, tbdpbrmturm eb ;2 ºG.
Ludbebgbr nchbrmdbitb nm supbrfcgcb goi mhum. Mn
rbebeor eb ebsmhubs, `uitms eb goigrbtos y bsquc-
ims bitrb pcso y pmrbe, gonogmr tbnm eb Zoncãstbr y
nubho mpncgmr = m ; dmios eb VBEMUOZ.
Gmdpos eb Mpncgmgc÷i
Ciecgmeo pmrm sbnnmr y bncdcimr icglos eb ludbeme
bi0 [bsbrvmtorcos y goitbibeorbs gcdbitcgcms eb
mhum potmknb (bxgbpto ZVG y pnístcgo)1 Zcsgcims1
Zmrbebs bxpubstms m fcntrmgc÷i eb mhum1 Írbms frcms
(Gm`ms, kmýos, gogcim y írbm eb sbrvcgco)1 Wotmios,
posos eb bnbvmeorbs, gcdcbitos.
*Bi bn gmso eb rbsbrvmtorcos, gm`ms eb mhum y
pcsgcims bnbvmems, utcnczmr bn rbvbstcdcbito cdpbrdb-
mknb fnbxcknb VBEMUOZ FNB\.
 

;=
CDZB[DBMKCNCPMIUB

VBEMGCN
[bscim mgräncgm cdpbrdbmknb qub rbmnzm nm kbnnbzm
eb nos sustrmtos.

VBEMGCN bs ui proeugto bnmkormeo m kmsb eb

rbscim mgräncgm goi mnto poebr eb pbibtrmgc÷i.
Fordm ui fcnd trmispmrbitb, cdpbrdbmknb, eb mntm
rbscstbigcm m nm mkrmsc÷i y mhrbscoibs gncdítcgms.
Io ebsgmsgmrm y dmitcbib prmgtcgmdbitb godo
iubvm nm toimnceme eb nos dmtbrcmnbs.

Gmdpos eb mpncgmgc÷i   Bivmsb / rbiecdcbito

Zrotbggc÷i citbrim y bxtbrim Hmn÷i eb 7,6N.
eb pcsos y fmglmems bi supbrfc- Kmneb eb =<N.
gcbs porosms eb0 < m =; d»/ nctro/ dmio.
Goigrbtos vcsto. Zcsos gbdbitmeos.
Zcberms imturmnbs. Ub`ms, pcsos gbrídcgos.
Zrbpmrmgc÷i ebn proeugto
Dcsturmr mitbs eb usmr.
Mpncgmr goi kroglm, roecnno eb nmim eb gmribro eb pbno gorto
bi ; o dís dmios. Dmitbr ui citãrvmno däicdo eb 6 lorms
bitrb nm mpncgmgc÷i eb gmem dmio.
Bi bn trmtmdcbito eb supbrfcgcbs eb dmyor porosceme, godo goigrbto
vcsto, nmercnnos y tb`ms gbrídcgm, sb rbgodcbiem nmvmr goi lceronmvmeorm.

WCNCGOIM MG]RBNNM
Cdpbrdbmkcnczmm y protbhb sci mntbrmr bn
Cdpbrdbmkcncz
gonor imturmn eb nos sustrmtos.
MG]RBNNM bs ui lcerofuhmitb m kmsb eb
scncgoim, qub rbpbnm bn mhum, sci mntbrmr nm mpmrc-
bigcm eb nos dmtbrcmnbs. Bs cebmn pmrm supbrfc-
gcbs bxpubstms mn son y m nm nnuvcm0 nmercnno vcsto,
tb`m gbrmdcgm, goigrbto vcsto y gbrídcgms
porosms.

Gmdpos eb mpncgmgc÷i [biecdcbito mpr÷xcdmeo

Nmercnno vcsto.
Gbrmdcgm porosm.
Goigrbto mpmrbitb.
Fmglmem eb pcberms nm`ms.
Ub`m gbrídcgm.
g brídcgm.
Goisudo mproxcdmeo
Mntm porosceme0 = m ; d»/nctro.
Dbecm porosceme0
porosceme0 7 m 5 d»/nctro.
Km`m porosceme0 2 m < d»/nctro.
Mgqþbnnm io bs pciturm, ic kmricz.
Zor bso, io subntm, io ebsgmsgmrm,
io fordm mdponnms y io mntbrm nm
Hmn÷i eb 7,6 N. =5 d»/dmios.
Nmtm eb =< N. 8; d»/dmios.
Goiscebrmieo porosceme dbecm.
Mpncgmgc÷i ebn proeugto
Mpncgmr M]ÞBNNM bi ; dmios kcbi
mkuiemitb, goi citãrvmno eb 6l bitrb
dmios, utcnczmieo kroglm, punvbrczm-
eor o roecnno eb nmim eb gmribro eb
pbno gorto. Wb pubeb mpncgmr dís
dmios ebpbiecbieo eb nm porosc-
eme eb nm supbrfägcb.
 mpmrcbigcm eb nos dmtbrcmnbs
 

BWDMNUB WCIUBUCGO
 

Bsdmntb scitãtcgos tcps 

Woi näquceos vonítcnbs utcnczmeos bi ecvbrsms fmsbs eb fmkrcgmgc÷i bstms tcitms posckcnctmi qub bn
proeugto sb prbsbitb bi fordm näqucem y scbdprb goi bn dcsdo pmtroi eb vcsgogceme. Wb bdpnbmi
pmrm goifbrcr tcitm , nms goiecgcoibs cebmnbs eb nm pciturm puecbieo fmgcnctmr su mpncgmgc÷i y su bxtbi-
sc÷i . B`bdpnos eb sonvbitbs0 Mhumrrms

Zrbpmrmgc÷i eb nm supbrfcgcb 
Uoems nms supbrfcgcbs mn sbr rbgukcbrtms, ebkbi bstmr sbgms y nckrbs
eb ponvo, hrmsm, ÷xceo y otros goitmdcimitbs supbrfcgcmnbs.

M nms supbrfcgcbs dbtíncgms, sb nbs mpncgm ui prcdbr bp÷xcgo

o mgräncgo - bp÷xcgo godpmtcknb goi nm pciturm y mgmkmeo.

Nms pciturms ebtbrcormems, sb ebkbi bncdcimr godpnb-

tmdbitb.

Wupbrfcgcbs io dbtíncgms ebkbi bstmr godpnbtm-

dbitb ncdpcms y sbgms nckrbs eb ponvo, hrmsm,
ludbeme y gumnqucbr otro goitmdcimitbs.

Doeo eb uso 

M K G
 

;5
BWDMN
BWDMNUB
UB WCIUÃUCGO

GO[MNCU Z[BDCRD
Zrotbhb sus dbtmnbs y dmebrms por dms eb =: mýos.

Gormnct Zrbdcud bs ui bsdmntb scitãtcgo eb

mntm gmnceme y eurmkcnceme. Wu f÷rdunm goi
scncgoim grbm uim pbnägunm goi protbggc÷i
pronoihmem, qub goisbrvm bn krcnno y nm mpmrc-
bigcm eb iubvo por duglo dís tcbdpo.
Bxgbnbitb mgmkmeo, poebr eb gokbrturm y bs
fígcn eb mpncgmr. Zrbsbitm ÷ptcdo rbiecdcbito
y gmnceme bi nos mgmkmeos.

Mgmkmeo
Mnto Krcnno / Mgbtcimeo / Dmtb
Bxtbrcor b citbrcor.

Wbgmeo
Mn toqub0 = m 7l.
Bitrb dmios0 <l.
Fcimn0 =<l.

Ecnugc÷i
Rsmr Mhumrrís.
Mpncgmeo goi kroglm o roecnno0 ecnucr =:%.
Mpncgmeo Zcstonm0 ecnucr 7:%.

Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 82d» por dmio.
Nctro :,3N lmstm ;:d» por dmio.
- =6 lmstm ;;2dn por dmio.
- 7; lmstm ==;,2dn por dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb bspoi`m o pcstonm, pcigbn o kroglm.
Ncdpcb nms lbrrmdcbitms goi mhumrrís.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Dbtmnbs fbrrosos y io fbrrosos, hmnvmiczmeos,
mnkmýcnbräm y dmebrms.
 

=5;2
WZ[MS 

WZ[M
WZ[ MS M[
M [GO C[C
C[CWW
Dmyor rbiecdcbito y sbgmeo rípceo

Gmrmgtbrästcgms
Bxgbnbitb gokbrturm y melbrbigcm.
Fígcn y rípceo punvbrczmgc÷i y däicdm pãrecem.
Wbgmeo rípceo y ecspoickcnceme krcnnmitb, ncso,
mgmkmeo eurmebro.
Bxtbrcor b Citbrcor.

Cistruggcoibs
Ncdpcmr nm supbrfcgb, bncdcimr toem nm sugcbeme,
hrmsm, lbrrudkrb,btg.

Mhctb bn proeugto vchormzmdbitb por = dci.

mitbs eb mpncgmr y eb vbz bi gumieo dcbitrms
sb usm pmrm msbhurmr nm uicfordceme ebn gonor.

Zcitmr uim supbrfcgcb pbqubým y pogo vcscknb

pmrm su bismyo.

Wostbihm bn proeugto eb =; m =6 punhs. eb nm

supbrfcgcb.

Zrbscoib bn kot÷i eb rogco fcrdbdbitb goi

goistmitbs honpbs cignuso dcbitrms dubvb bn
sprmy rípcemdbitb eb cem y vubntm.

; m 7 gmpms ebnhmems goi citbrvmno eb =: dci.

soi db`orbs qub uim gmpm hrubsm goitcium.

Wc sb fordmi kurku`ms o sb gorrb bs qub ustbe

bstí ebdmscmeo gbrgm eb nm supbrfcgb.

Ebspuãs eb su uso gonogmr bn proeugto kogm

mkm`o y prbscoimr bn kot÷i por vmrcos sbhuieos
lmstm qub smnhm sono bn hms pmrm su ncdpcbzm y
io sb okstruym.

Ebsbglb bn proeugto vmgco bi bn kmsurbro, io

no eb`b ebitro eb nm gmsm, sb pubeb cigbiecmr.
 

;6
BWDMNUB WCIUÃUCGO

FB[[ONMGA
Bsdmntb scitãtcgo eb eoknb mggc÷i,
fuieo y mgmkmeo.

Fbrronmga bs ui bsdmntb scitãtcgo mitcgorroscvo qub

fuigcoim godo eoknb mggc÷i, o sbm, bs usmeo godo
fuieo y mgmkmeo, tmdkcbi eb posbbr uim ÷ptcdm
protbggc÷i mitcgorroscvm. Ciecgmeo pmrm uso citbrio
y bxtbrio bi supbrfägcbs eb fcbrro, mgbro, dmebrm,
mnudcico, hmnvmiczmeos y mnkmýcnbräm.
Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Krcnnmitb / Bxtbrcor b citbrcor. [oecnno eb bspoi`m
Wbgmeo o pcstonm, pcigbn o
Mn toqub0 <l. kroglm. Ncdpcb nms
Bitrb dmios0 =;l. lbrrmdcbitms goi
Fcimn0 =<l. mhumrrís.
Ecnugc÷i
Rsmr Mhumrrís. Wupbrfcgcbs
Mpncgmeo goi kroglm o Dbtmnbs fbrrosos y
roecnno0 ecnucr =:%. io fbrrosos, hmnvm-
Mpncgmeo Zcstonm0 ecnucr 7:%. iczmeos, mnkmýcnbräm
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito y dmebrms.
[biecdcbito por dmio0
Hmn÷i eb 7,6N 0 6: d»
Gumrto eb :,3N.0 =2 d»

FRIE
FR IEO
O ZM[
M[MM HMNVMI
MICPM
CPMEO
EOWW
Zroporgcoim uim kubim melbrbigcm bi
hmnvmiczmeos y mnudcico.

Fuieo Gonormeo  - protb`b eb nm gorrosc÷i m nos

dbtmnbs fbrrosos proporgcoimieo bxgbnbitb
melbrbigcm m nm pciturm.
Fuieo Hmnvmiczmeo - proporgcoim uim pbnägunm eb
mntm melbrbigcm bi hmnvmiczmeos y mnudcico. Bnbvmeo
poebr mitcgorroscvo
mitcgorroscvo..

Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Dmtb / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor. [oecnno eb bspoi`m o
pcstonm, pcigbn o
Wbgmeo
kroglm. Ncdpcb nms
Mn toqub0 5 m 6l.
lbrrmdcbitms goi
Bitrb dmios0 <l.
mhumrrís.
Fcimn0 =;l.
Fuieo Gonormeo
Ecnugc÷i Wupbrfcgcbs
Rsmr Mhumrrís. Hmnvmiczmeos y
Fuieo Hmnvmiczmeo Mpncgmeo goi kroglm mnudcico y pmrm
o roecnno0 ecnucr =:%. dbtmnbs fbrrosos
Mpncgmeo Zcstonm0 ecnucr 7:%. FRIEO GONO[MEO.
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 2:d» por dmio.
 Nctro :,3N lmstm =;,2d por dmio.
 

;8
BWDMNUB WCIUÃUCGO

DM[UBNMEO
Ebnb ui toqub bspbgcmn m sus dbtmnbs.

Dmrtbnmeo bs ui bsdmntb scitãtcgo qub gumieo sb

mpncgm ui ecsbýo y proporgcoim ui mgmkmeo
dmrtbnmeo qub ecsfrmzm cdpbrfbggcoibs eb sonem-
eurms y fuiecgc÷i.

Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Dmrtbnmeo / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor. [oecnno eb bspoi`m o pcstonm, pcigbn
Wbgmeo o kroglm. Ncdpcb nms lbrrmdcbitms
Mn toqub0 =l. goi mhumrrís.
Bitrb dmios0 2 m 8l. Wupbrfcgcbs
Fcimn0 =< m ;5l. Fcbrros, mgbros, mnudcico
Ecnugc÷i y Hmnvmiczmeos.
Zroito pmrm su uso.
Wc bs ibgbsmrco ecnucr díxcdo 2% Gmrmgtbrcstcgm
Bs fígcn eb mpncgmr y ofrbgb
goi mhumrrís. Io utcnczb Ulciibr. kubim gokbrturm y rbiecdcbi-
to. Ciecgmeo pmrm uso citbrio y
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito bxtbrio bi supbrfcgcbs eb
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 5<d» por dmio. lcbrro, mgbro, mnudcico y
hmnvmiczmeos.
Nctro :,3N lmstm =;d» por dmio.

GO[MNM[
Bsdmntb scitãtcgo pmrm qucbi ebsbb bgoiodäm
 goi gmnceme.

Gormnmr bs ui bsdmntb scitãtcgo pmrm qucbi ebsbm

bgoiodäm goi gmnceme. Wu iubvm f÷rdunm ofrbgb
dís krcnno qub nm vbrsc÷i mitbrcor, eb kubi
rbiecdcbito y gmnceme. Fígcn eb mpncgmr y ofrbgb
kubim rbscstbigcm. Ciecgmeo pmrm uso citbrio y
bxtbrio bi supbrfcgcbs eb dbtmnbs y dmebrms.
Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Krcnnmitb / Mgbtcimeo / Fosgo. [oecnno eb bspoi`m o
Wbgmeo pcstonm, pcigbn o
Mn toqub0 5 m 6l. kroglm. Ncdpcb nms
Bitrb dmios0 <l. lbrrmdcbitms
Fcimn0 =<l. goi mhumrrís.
Ecnugc÷i
Wupbrfcgcbs
Rsmr Mhumrrís. Dbtmnbs fbrrosos y io
Goi kroglm o roecnno0 ecnucr =:%
Mpncgmeo Zcstonm0 ecnucr 7:%. fbrrosos, hmnvmiczm-
eos, mnkmýcnbräm y
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito dmebrms.
Hmn÷i 7,6N lmstm 2:d» por dmio.
 Nctro :,3N lmstm =;,2d por dmio.
 

;<
 MRUODOUCVO

GODZNBDBIUOW
Ubgionohäm bi proeugtos pmrm uso profbscoimn.

BIVC[OKMWB
(Wcstbdm eb Zciturm Kmsb Mhum)

Wcstbdm eb pciturm goi nm tbgionohäm =::%

kmsb mhum  pmrm bn rbpcitmeo eb vblägunos.
Bstm näibm kmsb mhum ofrbgb mn tmnnbr, ui
proeugto goi nm untcdm tbgionohäm y gukcbr-
to por nm hmrmitäm eb por vcem ebsmrronnmeo
por ZZH bi BBRR y Buropm.
Gmrmgtbrästcgm
Ubgionohäm mitc - sbecdbito ( bvctm bn uso eb nm
díqucim eb mhctmgc÷i )
Z[CDB[ EB MNUM GMNCEME
( EZ 5::: )
Mgmkmeo
Gmrmgtbrästcgm Db`orm eb nm opmgceme
msä bn goisudo y profuieceme, rbeugcbieo
eb dmtbrcmn.
Ubgionohäm lðdbeo / lðdbeo.
Vbrsmtcnceme bi bn uso bi ecvbrsos sustrmtos. Gonorbs
Bxgbnbitb rbproeuggc÷i
rbproeuggc÷i eb gonorbs iätceos y krcnnmitbs.
Bxgbnbitb pnmictue .
Wbgmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
[beuggc÷i bi bn tcbdpo eb prbpmrmgc÷i
Fmgän mpncgmgc÷i y bxgbnbitb gokbrturm.
eb nms pcbzms iubvms.
Mpncgmgc÷i Wbgmeo
Zbrdctb nm mpncgmgc÷i eb nm tcitm lmstm Dmyor vbnogceme eb sbgmeo.

2 eäms ebspuãs ebn prcdbr mpncgmeo.

Wcdpncgceme bi bn progbso eb nm mpncgmgc÷i.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Bncdcim bn nc`meo ebn Z[CDB[ pmrm nm mpncgmgc÷i
ebn Kmsb Gomt.
 

;3
 MRUODOUCVO

GODZNBDBIUOW
Ubgionohäm bi proeugtos pmrm uso profbscoimn.

KM[ICP RNU[M [ÍZCEO

( EG ;::: )

Gmrmgtbrästcgm
Kmricz eb mntm gmnceme y rbiecdcbito,
ecsbýmeo bspbgcmndbitb pmrm mudbitmr nm
proeugtcvceme bi tmnnbrbs eb rbpmrmgc÷i eb
vblägunos qub utcnczmi bn scstbdm eb
sbgmeo mn mcrb nckrb y tmdkcãi pmrm rbeu-
gcr bn gosto eb tmnnbrbs qub utcnczmi nos
lorios eb pciturm. DMWM ZONCBWUB[ FMWU
Ciecgmeo pmrm glmpbrco eb vblägunos (rbgoistruggc÷i

Wbgmeo b cipbrfbggcoibs) eb supbrfcgcbs dbtíncgms, hmnvmiczm-

eos, díqucims y bqucpmdcbitos.
Kmricz Rntrm [ÍZCEO EG ;:::, ofrbgb
Zroporgc÷i eb dbzgnm
citbrvmnos bitrb nms gmpms pmrm bn sbgmeo
G262-6=;=0 7 pmrtbs
bxtrbdmemdbitb rípceo ( mn tmgto bi =:
G;=:-7=;70 = pmrtb
dciutos ) y punceo ( 7: dciutos ), sci poibr
Rim vbz dbzgnmeo, utcnczmr mitbs eb =;l.
bi pbnchro su eurmkcnceme, mpmrcbigcm y
oktbibr msä bn díxcdo krcnno. Mpncgmgc÷i
; dmios scdpnbs goi citãrvmno eb
2 m =: dci. y prbsc÷i eb 5:-2: Nks/pun;

Wbgmeo
Mn mcrb (;2°G) - =2 m ;: dci.
 

KM[ICP S ZBHMDBIUO
 

Kmricz tcps 
Bs uim ecsonugc÷i eb uim o dís sustmigcms rbsciosms bi ui näquceo qub mn mcrb sb vonmtcnczm o sb
ebsbgm. Goi bnnm sb em m nms pciturms, dmebrms y otrms gosms, goi ok`bto eb prbsbrvmrnms eb nm
mggc÷i eb nm mtd÷sfbrm, ebn ponvo, btg., y pmrm qub mequcbrmi nustrb.

Zrbpmrmgc÷i eb nm supbrfcgcb 

Nm prbpmrmgc÷i eb nm supbrfcgcb bs fuiemdbitmn pmrm bn mgmkm-

eo fcimn. Ebkb bstmr pbrfbgtmdbitb nc`mem, ncdpcm, sbgm y
bxbitm eb ponvo y hrmsm. Bs cdprbsgciecknb tmdkcãi qub nm
dmebrm bstã godpnbtmdbitb sbgm (=;% eb ludbeme)
mitbs eb bdpbzmr.

[bdovbr pbrfbgtmdbitb bn kotb mitbs eb bdpbzmr m

emr bn tmpmporos o bn kmricz.

Io kmriczmr bi eäms duy lðdbeos o nnuvcosos,

ic m tbdpbrmturms cifbrcorbs m 2°G. Umdpogo
goi bxgbscvo gmnor ic ecrbgtmdbitb km`o bn
Won sc bs poscknb.

Eb`mr sbgmr godpnbtmdbitb bn tmpmporos mitbs eb kmriczmr. Bitrb dmio y

dmio eb`mr sbgmr tmdkcãi bn kmricz godpnbtmdbitb.

Doeo eb uso 

M K G
 

7;
KM[ICP Z[BDCRD CIERWU[CMN

[CKBZM[]RBU
Kmricz poncurbtmio doiogodpoibitb pmrm pmrqubt.

Bs ui kmricz poncurbtmio doiogodpoibitb

krcnnmitb goi ÷ptcdms gmrmgtbrästcgms eb bxpmi-
sc÷i, poebr eb gokbrturm y uicfordceme sokrb
supbrfcgcbs pnmim. Ciecgmeo pmrm protbhbr y
bdkbnnbgbr mzunb`os, tmrcdms y pcsos eb dmebrms
(Zmrqubt), proporgcoimieo mntäscdo krcnno, y
hmrmitczmieo bxgbnbitb rbscstbigcm quädcgm y
bnbvmem eurbzm supbrfcgcmn. Ebkceo m su f÷rdunm
bspbgcmn godpubstm por poncsogcmimtos rbtcguní-
knb por ludbeme, bstb proeugto io rbqucbrb
mecgc÷i eb gmtmnczmeor.
g mtmnczmeor.

Mgmkmeo
Urmispmrbitb krcnnmitb

Ecnugc÷i/Wbgmeo
=br. dmio lmstm 7:% goi ecnuybitb poncurb-
tmio, eb`mr sbgmr 6 m < lorms y nc`mr goi nc`m eb
mhum ;;:, mpncgmr nm ;em dmio y eb`mr sbgmr =:
m =; lorms y nc`mr goi nc`m eb mhum ;;:, nubho
mpncgmr nm ðntcdm dmio y eb`mr sbgmr dcicdo 5<
lorms.

Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N eb 6:d»/dmio.

Mpncgmgc÷i
[oecnno eb bspoi`m o pcstonm, pcigbn o kroglm.
Ncdpcb nms lbrrmdcbitms goi mhumrrís.

Wupbrfcgcbs
Nmdcimeos y toeo tcpo eb dmebrms.
 

77
KM[ICP WRZB[ Z[BDCRD

GBUON - U[CZNB FCNU[O WONM[

Zrotbhb y rbvcvb nms dmebrms eb tu lohmr por dís
eb 6 mýos.

Wpmrnmga Gbton bs ui rbvbstcdcbito gonorceo goi

mntäscdm gmnceme ebsbivonvceo pmrm fordmr uim
pbnägunm fnbxcknb bi supbrfägcbs eb dmebrm, gmpmz eb

mgodpmýmr nos dovcdcbitos

sci pbrdctcr qub imturmnbs eb nm dmebrm,
ebspbhub o ebsgmsgmrb.

Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Krcnnmitb / Mgbtcimeo. Zcigbn y kroglm eb
Bxtbrcor b citbrcor. pbno sumvb.
Wbgmeo Wupbrfcgcbs
Mpncgmr 7 dmios goi Uoeo tcpo eb dmebrms.
 citãrvmno eb sbgmeo eb ;5l.
Ecnugc÷i
Io ecnucr. Zroito pmrm uso.

Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N ebseb 8: m =;:d»/dmio
Nctro :,3N ebseb =8,2 m 7:d»/dmio.

KM[ICP Z[BDCRD

EOKNB FCNU[O WONM[

Zrotbhb y rbvcvb nms dmebrms eb tu lohmr por
dms eb 7 mýos.

Bs ui kmricz eb eoknb protbggc÷i sonmr, bs rbscstbitb

m nos bfbgtos ebn son y nnuvcm, mebdís eb bdkbnnbgbr
bdkbnnbgbr y
rbvctmnczmr nm dmebrm goi 5 opgcoibs eb gonorbs. Wu
f÷rdunm eoknb fcntro sonmr protbhb eos vbgbs nm
dmebrm bxpubstm m nm citbrpbrcb. Bxgbnbitb eurmkcnc-
eme eb 7 mýos.
Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Krcnnmitb / Mgbtcimeo. [oecnno eb bspoi`m o
Bxtbrcor b citbrcor. pcstonm, kroglm.
Wbgmeo Ncdpcb nms lbrrmdcbi-
Mn toqub0 = m 7l. tms goi mhumrrís.
Bitrb dmios0 < m =;l.
Wupbrfcgcbs
Fcimn0 =<l.
Uoeo tcpo eb dmebrms.
Ecnugc÷i
Rsmr Mhumrrís.
Mpncgmeo goi kroglm o roecnno0 ecnucr ;:%.
Mpncgmeo Zcstonm0 ecnucr 7:%.
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N eb 8: m ==: d»/dmio.
 Nctro :,3N eb =8,2 m ;8,2d /dmio.
 

75
KM[ICP Z[BDCRD

B\U[M DM[CUCDO FCNU[O WONM[

Zrotbggc÷i y kbnnbzm pmrm tus pubrtms y vbitmims
por dís eb ; mýos.

Kmricz trmispmrbitb eb mgmkmeo krcnnmitb o mgbtcimeo,

posbb fcntro sonmr y hrmi rbscstbigcm m nm citbrpbrcb. Wu
mpncgmgc÷i pubeb sbr bi bxtbrcor b citbrcor, cebmn pmrm

pubrtms,
imturmn ebdmrgos eb vbitmims,
nm dmebrm. btg.; Io
Eurmkcnceme mntbrm bn gonor
mýos.

Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Krcnnmitb / Mgbtcimeo / Dmtb [oecnno eb bspoi`m
Citbrcor y bxtbrcor. o pcstonm, kroglm.
Wbgmeo Ncdpcb nms
Mn toqub0 = m 7l lbrrmdcbitms goi
Bitrb dmios0 < m =;l mhumrrís.
Fcimn0 =<l Wupbrfcgcbs
Ecnugc÷i Uoeo tcpo eb
Rsmr Mhumrrís. dmebrms.

Mpncgmeo
Mpncgmeo goi kroglm
Zcstonm0 o 7:%.
ecnucr roecnno0 ecnucr ;:%
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N ebseb 8: m ==:d»/dmio
Nctro :,3N eb =8,2 m ;8,2d»/dmio.

KM[ICP

KM[ICP GO[MNM[
Zrotbhb tus dmebrms citbrims goi gmnceme.

Bs ui kmricz scitãtcgo pmrm qucbi ebsbb bgoiodäm

goi gmnceme. Zosbb ÷ptcdo rbiecdcbito, mgmkmeo y
bs eb fígcn mpncgmgc÷i.

Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Krcnnmitb / Citbrcor. [oecnno eb bspoi`m o
Wbgmeo pcstonm, kroglm.
Mn toqub0 6l. Ncdpcb nms lbrrmdcbi-
Bitrb dmios0 =;l. tms goi mhumrrís.
Fcimn0 ;5l. Wupbrfcgcbs
Ecnugc÷i Dmebrms.
Rsmr Mhumrrís. Mpncgmeo goi
kroglm o roecnno0 ecnucr =:%. KM[ICP ×ZUCDO
[BIECDCBIUO
Mpncgmeo Zcstonm0 ecnucr 7:%.
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito FMGCN EB MZNCGM[
Hmn÷i 7,6N eb 2: m 8:d» /dmio. CIUB[CO[
 Nctro :,3N eb =; m =8d /dmio.
 

72
GODZNBDBIUOW

ZCIUOFF S UCIHCEO[
Zcitoff pmrm rbdovbr pciturm vcb`m y Ucihceor nb em
 gonor m nos kmricgbs.

Fmgcnctm bn progbso eb rbdovbr nos bsdmntbs y

kmricgbs bi hbibrmn. Mpncgmr sokrb dmebrms y

dbtmnbs.
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Vmrcm eb mgubreo m nm gmitceme mpncgmem.

Mpncgmgc÷i
Mpncgmr uim o dís dmios gruzmems, utcnczmieo
pcigbn o kroglm.
Mhumremr eb =: m ;: dciutos. Bstb tcbdpo
pubeb vmrcmr goifordb m nm pciturm o kmricz m
sbr rbdovceo. Gumieo vbm qub nm pciturm bstb

ludbebgcem y mrruhmem, rbdubvm goi uim

bspítunm eb mgbro.

Wupbrfcgcbs
[bdubvb nm pciturm vcb`m eb dmebrms y dbtmnbs.

Em gonor m nos kmricgbs scitãtcgos y poncurb-

tmios, sbnnmeorms m kmsb eb ictrogbnunosm y
stmcis. Mebdís mudbitm ui mýo dís eb vcem
mn kmricz.

Mgmkmeo
Eb mgubreo mn kmricz m tbýcr.

Wbgmeo
Eb mgubreo mn kmricz m tbýcr.

Ecnugc÷i
Io ecnucr.

Mpncgmgc÷i
Ebspb`mr bn Ucihceor ecrbgto mn kmricz m sbr
tbýceo. Ebspb`mr sumvbdbitb dcbstrms sb
dbzgnm.

Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Bivmsb eb =:: dn lmstm 7,6 N eb kmricz.
 

76
ZCIUR[M ZM[M ZCWO

ZCIUM ZCWO
Zciturm mgräncgm pmrm pcsos eb mnto trífcgo.

Fub bspbgcmndbitb ebsbivonvcem pmrm sbr mpncgmem

bi írbms eb kmstmitb gcrgunmgc÷i, pubs bs rbscstbitb
mn trífcgo eb pbrsoims y vblägunos. Zosbb uim
tbhionohäm bi rbscims qub todm bn proeugto 6:%
dís rbscstbitb qub nos proeugtos goivbigcoimnbs.

Mgmkmeo Mpncgmgc÷i
Dmtb / Citbrcor y bxtbrcor. [oecnno eb nmim eb
Wbgmeo pbno km`o o kroglm
Mn toqub0 7:dci. eb gbrems knmiems.
Bitrb dmios0 5l.
Wupbrfcgcbs
Fcimn0 Zbrsoims 5<l y
Vblägunos 8;l. Zcsos gbdbitmeos
rðstcgos.
Ecnugc÷i
Ecnucr goi mhum ;:%.
Wupbrfcgcbs io sbnnmems 7:%.
Bivmsb/[biecdcbito
Hmn÷i 7,6N0 72 m 22d» /dmio.
Kmneb =<N0 =82 m ;82d» /dmio.

ZCIUR[M ZM[M EBDM[GMGC×I VCMN

CIUB[NCHLU
Zciturm pmrm Ebdmrgmgc÷i vcmn Kmsb Wonvbitb

Wbýmnczmgc÷i
Wbýmnczmgc÷i lorczoitmn eb gmrrbtbrms, väms urkmims
y mbropubrtos rbgodbiemem pmrm rbgotcitm mgräncgm
m kmsb eb ecsonvbitb.
Gnmscfcgmgc÷i
Ucitm m kmsb eb [bscim Mgräncgm pmrm Wbýmnczm
gc÷i Lorczoitmn.
Ucitm m kmsb eb [bscim Mgräncgm pmrm Mbropubrtos
y lbncpubrtos.
Wbýmnczmgc÷i Lorczoitmn goi [bscim Vciäncgm
Vciäncgm o
Mgräncgm.
Mgmkmeo Zmvcdbito
Dmtb. Lordch÷i y goigrbto.

Gmrmgtbrästcgms
[mpceo Wbgmeo. Ecnugc÷i
Ecnuym eb =: m 7:% sc bs
Fnbxckcnceme
Fnbxckcnceme ÷ptcdm. ibgbsmrco goi MIN==8.
Fubrtb melbrbigcm Bdkmnm`b
mn subno. Kmneb hmn÷i 7,6N y
[bscstbigcm m nm mkrmsc÷i =<N Kmneb dbtíncgo.
 y bn gonor.
 
 
78
ZBHMDBIUOW

[CKBGONM FO[UB ;;=8

Zbhmdbito bxgnuscvo pmrm nm gmrpcitbräm.

[ckbgonm, gonm pmrm gmrpcitbräm bs ui melbscvo eb

bdunsc÷i mguosm m kmsb eb ponc (mgbtmto eb vcicn)
(ZVM), proporgcoimieo mntm bfcgcbigcm eb pbhmeo.
Ciecgmeo pmrm pbhmeo eb dmebrms, nmdcimeos eb
dmebrms, pmpbn, gmrtoi, gmrtuncim y otros dmtbrcmnbs
porosos bi hbibrmn.

Vcsgosceme Mspbgto ebn Zroeugto

8.::: - =:.:::. Näquceo knmigo nbgloso,
fnuceo, nckrb eb hrctz, hrudos
Goitbiceo W÷nceo goi onor eb VMD.
=h/=l/=:2°G),
% 72 - 7<. Mspbgto Fcnd Wbgo
Urmisnðgceo, fnbxcknb, nckrb eb
Mpncgmgc÷i puitos y km`m rbscstbigcm m nm
Ecnucr sc sb rbqucbrb ludbeme y nm tbdpbrmturm.
goi mhum.

Bivmsb /  =< Ah.
[biecdcbito
Kmrrcgm, Kmneb, Hmn÷i.

7 .6 Ah.
ZBHMDBIUOW

[CKBGONM B\U[M FO[UB ;;<:

Zbhmdbito pmrm nm gmrpcitbrcm, cieustrcm,
 lohmr y bsgubnm.

[ckbgonm Bxtrm Fortb bs ui pbhmdbito supbrcor

eoieb sb rbqucbrb ui gorto tcbdpo eb prbismeo y
mntm proeugtcvceme. Ciecgmeo pmrm nm uic÷i eb
dmebrms, pnístcgos nmdcimeos (F÷rdcgm, Fordcpnmg,
Zbrstop) pmpbn, gmrt÷i y dmtbrcmnbs porosos, ebkb
sbr utcnczmeo m trmvãs eb progbsos goivbigcoimnbs =< Ah. 3Ah.
eb gonmeo (prbism främ o gmncbitb).
Bivmsb / [biecdcbito Mspbgto ebn Zroeugto
Kmrrcgm, Kmneb, Näquceo knmigo
Kc-Hmn÷i, Hmn÷i, nbgloso, fnuceo, nckrb
=AH, 2::Hr, ;2:Hr y eb hrctz, hrudos goi
<:Hr. onor eb VMD.
Goitbiceo W÷nceo Mspbgto Fcnd Wbgo
=h/=l/=:2oG), % 55 - 56. Urmisnðgceo, fnbxcknb,
Vcsgosceme nckrb eb puitos y
6.::: - <.::: . km`m rbscstbigcm m nm
ludbeme y
Mpncgmgc÷i nm tbdpbrmturm. 7 6Ah. = Ah. = ; Ah. ;2: Hr. <: Hr.
 Ecnucr sc sb rbqucbrb goi mhum.
 

K[OGLMW S [OECNNOW
 

Kroglms y [oecnnos tcps 

Ucpos eb Kroglms 

[beoiems0 sb usmi pmrm nnbhmr m nos bspmgcos pbqubýos y

eoieb io nnbhm bn roecnno. S pmrm rbmnczmr nmkorbs ebncgmems
godo bn nmgmeo o kmriczmeo.

Znmims0 sb utcnczmi pmrm pcitmr supbrfcgcbs mdpncms y ncsms

cdprcdcbieo kroglmzos nmrhos. Nms lmy eb ecfbrbitbs tmdm-
ýos, nms dís pbqubýms sb nnmdmi pmnbtcims y pcigbnbs.
Gumito dís hrmieb sbm uim kroglm dís supbrfcgcb
mkmrgmrí.

Ucpos eb gbrems0 bs rbgodbiemknb usmr kroglms

goi gbrems imturmnbs ym qub ofrbgbi ui db`or
mgmkmeo. Gumito dís godpmgtms bstãi nms
gbrems duglo db`or, ym qub io eb`mríi
dmrgms. Zor bn goitrmrco, sc sb vmi m bdpnbmr
pciturms nítbx o mn mhum, bs db`or bdpnbmr
kroglms eb gbrems scitãtcgms.

Bn roecnno eb mgubreo mn tcpo eb pciturm y supbrfcgcb qub pcitmrís. Zor b`bdpno0 pmrm pciturms
mgräncgms o pnístcgms mn mhum ebkbrís usmr uio eb nmim scitãtcgm o imturmn.

Wc nm pmrbe bs ncsm, bn pbno ebkbräm sbr dís gorto, bi gmdkco pmrm pmrbebs goi hotbrms o
porosms bn dís ciecgmeo bs ui roecnno eb nmim nmrhm.

Doeo eb uso / Gcitms 

 

5:
LB[[MDCBIUMW

MGGBWO[COW S [BZRBWUOW
Rim lbrrmdcbitm pmrm gmem ibgbsceme.

[BF. =7:=
Woportb pmrm roecnnos
Godposcgc÷i0 Mgbro hmnvmiczmeo.
Gmko0  Gmko y tbrdcimnbs eb pnístcgo mzun.
Gmko0
Umdmýos0 =::, =<: y ;7: dd.

[BF. ;=78

Mpncgmeor eb pciturm pmrm

rbgortbs
cebmn pmrm supbrfcgcbs ncsms [BF. =7:;
Uãgicgm0  Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0
Umdmýo0 72 dd. Woportb pmrm roecnnos
Goit0 = pcbzm y = rbfcn. Godposcgc÷i0 Mgbro hmnvmiczmeo.
Gmko0 Gmko y tbrdcimnbs eb pnístcgo
ibhro.
Umdmýo0 ;7: dd.

[BF. ;7:6 [BF. ;7:5 . [BF. ;=;3

Kmieb`m pnístcgm mzun Kmieb`m pnístcgm ibhrm Znmiglm pnístcgm eb ZVG
[bscstbitb mn sonvbitb [bscstbitb mn sonvbitb Uãgicgm0 Hrmfcto.
Umdmýos0 =2: y ;7: dd. Umdmýos0 =2: y ;7: dd. Fordmto0 Bspbgcmn.
Gmko y Kmsb0 Znístcgo ibhro
([miurm pmrm bfbgto hrmfcto).
Umdmýos0 =5:x;5: y =<:x7:: dd.
 

5=
LB[[MDCBIUMW

K[OGLMW
Rim lbrrmdcbitm pmrm gmem ibgbsceme.

[BF.2::
Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y Mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 
Fordmto0  Kíscgo.
Fordmto0
Gonor0 [o`o.
Zbno0  Hrcs.
Zbno0
[BF.2;:
Gmko0 Znístcgo.
Vcronm0 Bstmýmem. Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y Mgräncgm.
Umdmýos0 =/;—, 7/5—, =— Fordmto0 Dbeco.
=/;— =/;—
= , ;—, ; , 7—, 5—. Gonor0 [o`o.
Zbno0 Hrcs.
Gmko0  Znístcgo.
Gmko0
Vcronm0 Bstmýmem.
Umdmýos0 =/;—, 7/5—, =—
=/;— =/;—
= , ;—,; , 7—, 5—, 2—, 6—.

[BF.8;7

Uãgicgm0 Duntcuso.
Fordmto0 Dbecm.
Gonor0  Knmigo.
Gonor0 [BF.8;<
Zbno0 Fcnmdbito Wcitãtcgo.
Uãgicgm0 Kmricz y Wtmci.
Gmko0 Znístcgo. Fordmto0 Dbeco.
Vcronm0 Bstmýmem. Gonor0 Mzun.
Umdmýos0 =/;—, 7/5—, =— Zbno0 Fcnmdbito Wcitãtcgo.
=/;— =/;—
= , ;—, ; , 7—, 5—. Gmko0 Znístcgo.
Vcronm0 Bstmýmem.
Umdmýos0 =/;—, 7/5—, =—
=/;— =/;—

= , ;—, ; , 7—, 5—.

 

5;
LB[[MDCBIUMW

[OECNNOW NMIM WCIUBUC

WCIUBUCGM
GM
Rim lbrrmdcbitm pmrm gmem ibgbsceme.

[BF =757

Uãgicgm0 Bsdmsntb y ÷nbo.
Uãgicgm0 
Godposcgc÷i0  Zoncãstbr mdmrcnno.
Godposcgc÷i0
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Wupbrfcgcbs ncsms.
Ciecgmgc÷i0
Ecídbtro0  5; dd.
Ecídbtro0
Umdmýo0 2:,
Umdmýo0  2:, 3: y =2: dd.

[BF =763

Uãgicgm0  Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0
Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim scitãtcgm.
Godposcgc÷i0 Nmim
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Mitcrbspciho
Ciecgmgc÷i0 pcitm 7:% dís.
Nmim0 =2 dd.
Mnturm eb Nmim0 
Umdmýo0 ;7: dd y ;7= goi soportb.

[BF =75: [BF =77< [BF =752

Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 Nítbx Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 Nítbx Uãgicgm0 Bsdmntb, ÷nbo y kmricz.
Uãgicgm0 
Godposcgc÷i0  Zoncãstbr gcizm.
Godposcgc÷i0 Godposcgc÷i0 Nmim scitãtcgm. Godposcgc÷i0  Zoncãstbr y mdmrcnno.
Godposcgc÷i0
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Wupbrfcgcbs ncsms.
Ciecgmgc÷i0 Ciecgmgc÷i0 Wupbr íspbrms y Ciecgmgc÷i0 Wupbrfcgcbs ncsms.
Ecídbtro0  6< dd.
Ecídbtro0 ruhosms. Ecídbtro0 72 dd.
Umdmýo0  ;7: dd.
Umdmýo0 Mnturm eb Nmim0 =3 dd. Umdmýo0  5: dd.
Umdmýo0
Umdmýo0  ;7: dd.
Umdmýo0
 

57
LB[[MDCBIUMW

[OECNNOW MIUC[[BWZCIHO
Rim lbrrmdcbitm pmrm gmem ibgbsceme.

[BF =786

Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 
Godposcgc÷i0 Nmim
Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim scitãtcgm.
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Mitcrrbspciho
Ciecgmgc÷i0
bgoi÷dcgo, supbrfcgcbs
ncsms.
Mnturm eb Nmim0 3 dd.
Umdmýo0  ;7: dd.
Umdmýo0 [BF =7<:

Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 
Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim 2:%
Godposcgc÷i0
scitãtcgm y 2:% imturmn.
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Wupbrfcgcbs
Ciecgmgc÷i0
íspbrms y ruhosms.
Mnturm eb Nmim0 =3 dd.
[BF =788 Umdmýo0  ;7: dd.
Umdmýo0

Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 Nítbx
Godposcgc÷i0 Nmim
Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim scitãtcgm.
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Mitcrrbspciho
Ciecgmgc÷i0
bgoi÷dcgo, supbrfcgcbs ncsms.
Mnturm eb 3:
Umdmýo0 
Umdmýo0 Nmim0 3 dd.
y =2: dd. [BF =736

Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y Mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 Nítbx
Godposcgc÷i0 Nmim Wcitãtcgm.
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Wupbrfcgcbs
Ciecgmgc÷i0
Íspbrms y [uhosms
Mnturm eb Nmim0 ;; dd.
Umdmýo0 ;7:
Umdmýo0  ;7: dd.
 

55
LB[[MDCBIUMW

BWZMURNMW
Rim lbrrmdcbitm pmrm gmem ibgbsceme.

[BF =888

Gbpcnno eb Mgbro
Gmko0 Dmebrm.
Umdmýo0 7::
Umdmýo0  7:: dd.

[BF ;=6: [BF ;=2=

Bspítunm Znístcgm Ncsm Bspítunm eb Mgbro

(Zroncpropcnbio)
Gmko0  Znístcgo mzun.
Gmko0 punceo y 
y Hmnvmiczmeo
Gmko0 Znístcgo mzun.
Umdmýo0 6,
Umdmýo0  6, =:, =;, =6,
;: y ;5 gd.
[BF ==33

Krogl÷i pmrm pciturm

[BF ;=27
kmsb mhum.
Bspítunm eb Mgbro Ciox
Gmko0  Dmebrm kmriczmem.
Gmko0
[BF ;=;;
;5 gd. 6, =:, =;, =6, ;: y
Umdmýo0
Znmiglm pmrm Korebs y
Bsqucims  
Bsqucims
Gmko0  Dmebrm onor imturmn.
Gmko0
Kmsb0  Glmpm eb mgbro
Kmsb0
eoknmeo goi íihuno eb 3:. [BF ;=6=
Umdmýo0  =;,8 x ==,; x 3,2
Umdmýo0
dd. Bspítunm Znístcgm Ebitmem
(Zroncpropcnbio)
Ubxturm ebgormgc÷i.
[BF ;=8:

Goi`uito mpncgmeorbs eb Gmko0 Znístcgo

Umdmýo0
Umdmýo0 6, mzun.
 6, <, =: y ;: gd.
dmsm eb pnístcgo
Fnbxcknb knmigo.
 

52
LB[[MDCBIUMW

[OECNNOW NMIM IMUR[MN

Rim lbrrmdcbitm pmrm gmem ibgbsceme.

[BF =7:8

Bxtbisor tbnbsg÷pcgo Dbtíncgo

Godpoibitb0  Mgbro goi pciturm
Godpoibitb0
bp÷xc bi gonor mzun goi mhmrrmeor.
Umdmýo Bxtbieceo0 ;
Bxtbieceo0 ; y 7 d.

[BF =7=<

Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 Nítbx [BF =762
Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim eb gmribro
Godposcgc÷i0 Uãgicgm0 Bp÷xc, rbscim, bsdmntb,
Uãgicgm0 Bp÷xc,
=::% imturmn. nítbx y mgräncgm.
 Wupbrfcgcbs ruhosms.
Ciecgmgc÷i0 Wupbrfcgcbs
Ciecgmgc÷i0 Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim Wcitãtcgm.
Godposcgc÷i0
Nmim0 ;; dd.
Mnturm eb Nmim0 ;; Ciecgmgc÷i0 Wupbrfcgcbs
Ciecgmgc÷i0  Wupbrfcgcbs Ncsms.
Umdmýo0 ;7: dd. Mnturm eb Nmim0 6
Nmim0 6 dd.
Umdmýo0 ;7: dd.

[BF =7<7
[BF =7=8
Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 
Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim eb gmribro
Godposcgc÷i0 Uãgicgm0 Nítbx y mgräncgm.
Uãgicgm0 
=::% imturmn. Godposcgc÷i0 Nmim
Godposcgc÷i0  Nmim eb gmribro
Ciecgmgc÷i0 Wupbrfcgcbs
Ciecgmgc÷i0 Wupbrfcgcbs ncsms. =::% imturmn.
Mnturm eb Nmim0 =7 dd. Ciecgmgc÷i0  Wupbrfcgcbs ruhosms.
Ciecgmgc÷i0
Umdmýo0 2:, 3: y =2: dd. Mnturm eb Nmim0 
Nmim0 ;; dd.
Umdmýo0 3:, =2: y ;7: dd.
 

56
ZCHDBIUOW

ZCHDBIUO KMWB MHRM

Grbb bn gonor eb sus subýos.

Ciecgmeo pmrm pchdbitmr pciturms nítbx kmsb

mhum, mgräncgm
mgräncgm y ZVM.
ZVM.

Bivmsb / [biecdcbito

Frmsgo eb 2: dn pmrm ui hmnoi eb 7,6N díxcdo.

DÍW GOIGBIU[MEO

GONO[BW ]RB ZB[ER[MI

HM[MIUäM GO[MN K[MWCN

DBIOW GOIGBIU[MEO
DBIOW ER[MGC×I EBN GONO[

GONO[BW DÍW CIUBIWOW

 

58
LB[[MDCBIUMW

GCIU
GC IUMW
MW MRUO
MRUOM
MEL
ELBW
BWCV
CVMW
Gcitms mutomelbscvms eb protbggc÷i.

Gcitm Dmsacih - Rso Mutodotrcz

Gmrmgtbrästcgms
Cebmn pmrm bidmsgmrmdcbito pmrm progbsos
eb pciturm loribmem qub mngmigbi nos =;:°G.
Ofrbgb rbdogc÷i ncdpcm eb supbrfcgcbs godo
doneurms eb lunb y mgbro pcitmeo lmstm por
7: dci.
Dís fnbxcknb, sb memptm pbrfbgtmdbitb m
gurvms y goitorios. Dmyor melbrbigcm.
Gbro rbsceuos eb melbscvos.
Woportm mntms tbdpbrmturms y ludbeme.
Gcitm Dmsacih - Rso Hbibrmn.
Gmrmgtbrästcgms
Bspbgcmn pmrm bidmsgmrmdcbito mutodotrcz,
pciturm cidokcncmrcm, mrtästcgm, dokcncmrcm y
pmrm uso eodãstcgo bi hbibrmn. Zosbb ui
melbscvo bspbgcmn rbposcgcoimknb no gumn
fmgcnätm nm dmicpunmgc÷i ebn dcsdo y bs
rbscstbitb mn mhum.
Kubi poebr eb melbsc÷i.
Io eb`m rbsceuos eb melbscvo y io sb
qucbkrm mn rbtcrmr
rbtcrmr..
Fígcn eb ebsbironnmr
ebs bironnmr..
Donebmknb pmrm toeo tcpo eb uso.
Gcitm Mcsnmitb Ubdfnbx =8==
Gmrmgtbrästcgms
Zbnägunm eb ZVG goi melbscvo untrmsbiscknb
m nm prbsc÷i eb 8:::— eb bspbsor. Hrmi
fnbxckcnceme y díxcdm bnoihmgc÷i, hmrmitc-
zmieo uim bxtrmorecimrcm melbsc÷i m
gumnqucbr supbrfcgcb.
Opbrm bfcgcbitb y goitciumdbitb bi rmihos
eb tbdpbrmturm -8°G m 3:°G.
Mcsnmdcbito pmrm toeo tcpo eb gmknbs y
bdpmndbs (lmstm 6:: Vonts).Bs utcnczmem
pmrm mcsnmgc÷i bi uicoibs eb km`m tbisc÷i
(lmstm 6:: Vont
Vonts).
s).
Gonorbs
ibhro, knmigo, ro`o, mdmrcnno, mzun y vbreb.
 

5<
LB[[MDCBIUMW

NC@MW 7D
Nc`ms eb mnto rbiecdcbito pmrm ui mgmkmeo pbrfbgto.

Nc`m mdmrcnnm bi ronno 72; RN

Gmrmgtbrästcgms
Fmkrcgmem goi hrmios bi ÷xceo eb mnudcico
knmigo ebn hrmio 76 mn =<:, rbspmneo bi pmpbn
pbsmeo y rbscstbitb m nm mkrmsc÷i.
Bnbvmem rbscstbigcm m nm rupturm.
Ecspoicknb bi ronno eb 52 dbtros.

Mpncgmgcoibs
Nc`m mn mhum ;7=] y ;==] Wb mpncgm bi nm cieustrcm eb nm dmebrm, pmrbe y
Gmrmgtbrästcgms bi hbibrmn pmrm ebskmstbs, mgmkmeo y punceo
Nms nc`ms eb mhum eb 7D tcbibi nm fmgcnceme eb bi nmgms, kmricgbs b cignuscvb bi dmtbrcmnbs
poebrsb gortmr bi
Wb bigubitrmi bigumrtos pmrm su eb
hrmi vmrcbeme db`or uso.
hrmios. fbrrosos. Zubeb Wb
lo`ms y kmiems. sbrpubeb
goivbrtceo
usmr bi
goiecsgos,
díqucim o
[bspmneo fnbxcknb qub lmgb dís goiscstbitb dmiumndbitb.
bn nc`meo y bn proeugto. [bgodbiemem pmrm
nc`mr bi lðdbeo y sbgo. Dmyor proeugtcvceme Hrmios
por qub io sb bdpmstm. Bxgbnbitb gmnceme 76, 5:, 2:, 6:, <:, =::, =;:, =2: y =<:
Mpncgmgcoibs
Ebkb dmitbibr nm nc`m bi rbdo`o uios 2dci.
mitbs eb godbizmr. Dmitbibr nm zoim m
trmtmr goi mkuiemitb mhum. Wcbdprb utcnczmr
ui tmgo eb nc`mr. Gmdkcmr bn mhum rbhunmr-
dbitb. Mpncgmr uim prbsc÷i nc`brm. Nc`mr pmrmnb-
nmdbitb bi uim dcsdm ecrbggc÷i. Gumito
db`or sbm bn nc`meo, dís krcnno goisbhucrbdos
bi bn punceo.
 

Z[ODMFNB\

=
NBMEB[
NBMEB[ CI WR[FMGB
WR[FMGB FCNDW
FCNDW Z[O
Z[OUBG
UBGUCO
UCOI
I
CI NMUCI MDB[CGM
CWO 3::=
3::= GB[UC
GB[UCFCGM
FCGMUCOI
UCOI WCIG
WCIGB
B =33<
=33<

Z[ODMFNB\ 
FCNDBW EB Z[OUBGGC×I EB WRZB[FCGCBW S GCIUMW MELBWCVMW
 

2:
Z[ODMFNB\ 

Z[OUB@MEO

Dmitm eb poncbtcnbio bxpmieceo mutobxtcihuc-

knb goi mnudcico bi uim o mdkos nmeos. Cebmn
pmrm mcsnmdcbito tbrdomgðstcgo bi tbglos y
gukcbrtms eb rbscebigcms, cieustrcms y hmnpoibs
eb mndmgbimdcbito ( Mvcgunturm y Mhrcgunturm) y
bvctmieo gmnor bxgbscvo bi vbrmio. Mebdís eb
bvctmr nm bitrmem eb smnpcgmeurms eb nnuvcm
(dmtbrcmn cdpbrdbmknb), rbeugb nm tbdpbrmturm
citbrim bi lmstm ui 7:% bi rbnmgc÷i mn mdkc-
bitb bxtbrio. Bs ui proeugto IO U×\CGO,
goistctuceo eb dmtbrcmnbs =::% rbgcgnm-
knbs.Zrubkm I 6:2/:=-M.

Gmrmgtbrästcgms ebn proeugto

 Ub`meo
 Ub`meo
CIGNRSB GCIUM
CDZB[DCMKNB MIUC-NNMDMW EB BDZMNDB

=::%
WOWUBICKNB GOIUBICEO [BGCGNMEO GMNCFCGM
ZM[M NBBE ZOCIUW

Mpncgmgc÷i
Wuk gokbrturms, dmitms tãrdcgms pmrm tb`meos
y dmitms pmrm goieugtos eb mcrb mgoiecgcoim-
eo.
Zmrm tbglos eb gmnmdcim o eurmnct, ibgbsctm eb
pbhmdbito o cdprcdmitm.

Bspbgcfcgmgcoibs
Bspbsor Uotmn0
otmn0 5dd.
 5dd.
Miglo0 6::dd y =,;d.
Noihctue0  ;2d y 2:d.
Noihctue0
 

2=
Z[ODMFNB\ 

Z[
Z[ONBVB
ONBVB ;DD

Dmitm eb mgodoemdcbito eb pmrqubt.

Nmdcimeo eb pbnägunm eb poncbtcnbio goi
bspudm eb poncbtcnbio, eb mntm rbscstbigcm y
km`o bspbsor. Wus propcbemebs bspbgcmnbs
goifcbrbi su uso pmrm nm protbggc÷i eb pcsos
goitrm0 [mshuýos, ebshmstbs dbgíicgos,
mhbitbs quädcgos io gorroscvos, dmiosbo y
pcsotbo. Zrbsbitm bxgbnbitb ebsbdpbýo bi
pcsos eb porgbnmimto, hrmicto. dmebrm kmriczm-
em por b`bdpno, otros pcsos km`o goisuntm.

Gmrmgtbrästcgms ebn proeugto

Zcso
CIGNRSB GCIUM =::%
EB BDZMNDB CDZB[DCMKNB GOIUBICEO [BGCGNMEO GMNCFCGM
ZM[M NBBE ZOCIUW

MRUOMELBWCVO WOWUBICKNB

Mpncgmgc÷i
Dmitm eb mgodoemdcbito eb pmrqubt.

Zrbsbitm bxgbnbitb ebsbdpbýo bi pcsos eb

porgbnmimto, hrmicto, dmebrm kmriczmem por
b`bdpno, otros pcsos km`o goisuntm.

Bspbgcfcgmgcoibs
Bspbsor Uotmn0 5dd.
Gonor0 Mzun, Knmigo y Vbreb.
Miglo0=,;
Miglo0 =,; d.
Noihctue0 ;2
Noihctue0  ;2 d.
 

2;
Z[ODMFNB\ 

Z[ONM@B
 Mcsnmitb mgðstcgo eb mnto rbiecdcbito

Nm dmitm mgðstcgm ZrodmNm`b bstí godpubstm

por uim eoknb nmdcimgc÷i eb bspudm eb
poncbtcnbio goi pbnägunm eb poncbtcnbio. Bstb
"síiewcgl" eb ponädbros goi ebisceme y
bstrugturm ecstcitms hmrmitczmi nm mksorgc÷i, nm
rbfnbxc÷i y nm ecfusc÷i ebn soiceo.
Bn rbvbstcdcbito ebkb cistmnmrsb goi nm pbnägunm
lmgcm mkm`o pmrm bvctmr pbrformr y emýmr nm
 p m r m Wcs tt b b  d 
  p
   ý  o
   
d
 e     
m  s    bspudm. Wus propcbemebs bspbgcmnbs nb
   b
   p
e     
 
b    
Z       
Z       
pbrdctbi sbr utcnczmeo godo ui bnbdbito
    d
BecfcgmgcoibsLmkctmgcoimnbs
c         

 
s       
      b  MKIU IK[
mgðstcgo goi uim rbscstbigcm bspbgcmn m nm
o      
       s s         
       b

=2.282-7
         E

pbrformgc÷i.
;:=7
G   o   Gmrmgtbrästcgms ebn proeugto
 e  o
r o k  m
d p 

DÍW KM[MUO CIGNRSB GCIUM

CIWOIO[CPMGC×I MIUC-NNMDMW ]RB NM BWZRDM EB BDZMNDB

Mpncgmgc÷i
Nm dmitm ZrodmNm`b ebkb sbr utcnczmem godo
mcsnmitb mgðstcgo km`o bn goitrmpcso, eurmitb nm
goistruggc÷i eb becfcgcos y rbscebigcms.
Nms propcbemebs bspbgcmnbs eb ZrodmNm`b
goifcbrbi su utcnczmgc÷i godo bnbdbito mgðstc-
go, mtbiecbieo m nm MKIU IK[ =2282-7,
goifordb bn cifordb eb "Bvmnumgc÷i ebn
mcsnmdcbito mgðstcgo ebn scstbdm eb pcso eb
becfcgmgc÷i duntcpmvcdcbitos mn ruceo eb
cdpmgto "
Zubeb sbr mpncgmem bi nosms lðdbems. Nm
bspudm bstí protbhcem por eos gmpms eb
pbnägunm eb poncbtcnbio gobxtrusmeo eb vmrcms
gmpms, pmrm bvctmr bn puizoimeo y nm mhrbsc÷i
m nm bspudm.

Bspbgcfcgmgcoibs
Bspbsor Uotmn0
otmn0 <
 < dd =:%.
Gonor0 Knmigo.
Gonor0 Knmigo.
Miglo0=,;
Miglo0 =,; d.
 Noihctue0 ;2 d.
Noihctue0 ;2
Ebisceme0 52 Ah/d7 =: %.
 

27
Z[ODMFNB\ 

Z[OZCWO

Dmitm mutomelbscvm eb fc`mgc÷i cistmitíibm y

melbscvceme
Godpubstm dbecm.
por eoknb gmpm eb pbnägunm eb
poncbtcnbio gobxtrusmeo, nmdcimeos bi bspudm
eb poncbtcnbio.

IO [BRUCNCPMKNB

Gmrmgtbrästcgms ebn proeugto

CIGNRSB GCIUM
CDZB[DCMKNB MIUC-NNMDMW EB BDZMNDB Zcso

=::%
WOWUBICKNB GOIUBICEO [BGCGNMEO GMNCFCGM
ZM[M NBBE ZOCIUW

Mpncgmgc÷i

Fígcn cistmnmgc÷i y rbtcrmem. Wonugc÷i sostbicknb.

Io eb`m rbsceuo bi bn subno protbhceo, rbeugb
schicfcgmtcvmdbitb nm ncdpcbzm eb nm okrm.
Zrotbhb ui 72% dís bn pcso eb nms gmäems eb
ok`btos euros.

Bi toeos nos sbhdbitos eb nm goistruggc÷i

gcvcn godo protbggc÷i eb pcsos eurmitb nm okrm Bspbgcfcgmgcoibs
y / o rbfordm. Bspbsor Uotmn0
otmn0  5dd.
Zrotbggc÷i eb pcsos nmdcimeos, porgbnmimto, Gonor0 Knmigo.
hrmicto, dírdon y otros eb mnto krcnno. Miglo06::
Miglo0 6:: dd.
Zrotbggc÷i eb hcdimscos y gbitros godbrgcmnbs Noihctue0  ;2 d.
Noihctue0 ;2
eurmitb bvbitos.
Goisuntb bn dmiumn eb mpncgmgc÷i pmrm oktbibr
dís cifordmgc÷i.
 

25
Z[ODMFNB\ 

Z[OVBIUMIM

Fcnd eb poncbtcnbio knmigo y ibhro mutomelb-

scvo bxtrmäknb eb mnto rbiecdcbito, goi
mectcvos pmrm nm protbggc÷i RV.
RV. Bspbgcmndbitb
ebsmrronnmeo pmrm protbggc÷i eb pbrfcnbs y
humremgubrpos

Fcnd eb poncbtcnbio knmigo y ibhro mutomelbscvo

bxtrmäknb eb mnto rbiecdcbito, goi mectcvos pmrm nm
protbggc÷i RV. Bspbgcmndbitb ebsmrronnmeo pmrm
protbggc÷i eb pbrfcnbs y humremgubrpos
Gmrmgtbrästcgms ebn proeugto
Bi fuigc÷i eb su godposcgcûi, bstm fcnd prbsbitm0
Z[OUBGGC×I Bxgbnbitb rbiecdcbito godo protbggc÷i eb pbrfcnbs.
RV Bxgbnbitb melbscvceme.
Kubim rbscstbigcm gumieo sb bxpoib mn son.

Mpncgmgc÷i
Bi toeos nos sbhdbitos eb nm goistruggc÷i
gcvcn godo protbggc÷i eb pbrfcnbs eb ZVG,
mnudcico y mgbro cioxcemknb.
Zrotbggc÷i eurmitb bn doitm`b eb nos dmrgos,
bvctmieo rcbshos bi bn trmisportb y nm cistm-
nmgc÷i.
Zrotbggc÷i tbdpormn eurmitb nm cistmnmgc÷i bi bn
Rso eb bspítunm pmrm mpncgmgc÷i  mgmkmeo fcimn.
Otros usos km`o goisuntm.

Bspbgcfcgmgcoibs
Bspbsor Uotmn0 <: dcgrm.
Miglo0 6;2 dd.
Noihctue0 ;: d.
 

22
Z[ODMFNB\ 

Z[OVCE[CO

Zbnägunm eb poncbtcnbio mutomelbscvo rbdovc-

knb, goi mectcvos eb protbggc÷i RV bi nos
gonorbs knmigo y mzun.
Bspbgcmndbitb ebsmrronnmeo pmrm ofrbgbr nm
sonugc÷i godpnbtm eb pcbnbs eb vcerco y
dmrgos.

Gmrmgtbrästcgms ebn proeugto

Bi fuigc÷i eb su godposcgc÷i, bstb tbxto prbsbitm0
Bxgbnbitb rbiecdcbito godo protbggc÷i eb vcercos bi nms fmglmems.
Kubim rbscstbigcm pmrm progbsos eb pciturm citbrim y bxtbrim.

Bxgbnbitb bstcrmdcbito y fígcn mpncgmgc÷i.

Nm rbscstbigcm m nm citbdpbrcb rbgodbiemem bs por ui pbrcoeo eb 6 dbsbs.

Rtcnczmgc÷i ebn proeugto

Zrotbggc÷i eb nos vcercos
Bi toeos nos sbhdbitos eb nm goistruggc÷i gcvcn, godo protbggc÷i eb nos citbrios eb nm fmglmem 
vcercos pmrm fmgcnctmr nm b`bgugc÷i eb pciturms y mgmkmeos bxtbrios bi nms
fmglmems.

Zrotbggc÷i citbrcor eb grcstmnbs, no qub pbrdctb uim pciturm sci emýos,

mudbitm nm proeugtcvceme y rbeugb nos gostos eb ncdpcbzm.

Zrotbggc÷i tbdpormn eurmitb bn doitm`b, bn mndmgbimdcbito y nm cistmnmgc÷i.

Otros usos km`o goisuntm.

 

26
Z[ODMFNB\ 

Z[OKMIGMEM
Zbnä gunm
gunm eb poncbtcnbio mutome lbscvo bxtrmä knb
mutomelbscvo knb eb mnto
rbiecdcbito
rbiecdcbit o pmrm uso citbrio.

Bn ZroKmigmem sb utcnczm godo protbggc÷i eb

bigcdbrms y gukms eurmitb nm okrm. Vcmkcnczm
nm civbrsc÷i eb fmsbs, protbhcbieo nos mgmkm-
eos pmrm nm goitciuceme eb nos sbrvcgcos
citbrios o bxtbrios. Zosckcnctm nm gonogmgc÷i
eb mzunb`os, b`bgugc÷i eb pciturm, eb ybso b
cignuso nm cistmnmgc÷i eb nos dmrgos goi nms
  Goglmkmdkm
kmigmems ym ncstms. Mudbitm nm proeugtcvc-
 
eme eb nosNmsbrvcgcos
Zmz y rbeugb nos gostbs eb
 Mv. Knmigo Hmncieo
 Mv. Hmncieo (mgbrm Iortb)
Iortb)
Gmnmgoto, Gmnnb ;; bitrb Mercmi
bsq. Mv. Kbc`cih - Poim Lcp÷erodo ncdpcbzm.
Zmtcýo y Mv. Doitbibhro Iː <;<2
5:; :;33 • 5:; :7:=
;88 6=<3
8:7 55;6< - 878 25=8< Gmrmgtbrästcgms ebn -proeugto
8:8 =68;: 8<3 2;3<8
Fmgcn mpncgmgc÷i y rbtcrmeo
Ncsto pmrm nm mpncgmgc÷i.

Bgonohcgmdbitb gorrbgto - =::% rbgcgnmknb.

Wb rbgodcbiem utcnczmr eurmitb ui pbrcoeo eb 6 dbsbs.

Otros usos km`o goisuntm.

Gcbrrb eb nm gukm goi mpncgmgc÷i ebn fcno bi nm kmigmem 

Zrotbggc÷i eb nms bigcdbrms mitbs eb nm cistmnmgc÷i eb nos dmrgos 

 

Ebseb =38: nnbvmieo gonor m nm vcem eb nms pbrsoims.

Ad ==
765;63= 8:7 55;6< - 878 25=8<